The new changes such as developments in transportation and communication technology, globalization of markets, intensification of flow of information, ideas and innovations since the 1980s have helped to increase the interaction between urban and rural and this process have had very important impact on the resemblance process of rural areas to urban areas with some characteristics, vice versa. Therefore the process have had an effect on the blurring strict distinction between urban and rural in worldwide. The new rurality approach has been main approach in the thesis that has tried to explain the new features of rural areas. It has focused on what has been happenning in rural areas and drawn attention to changes in rural areas which was previously ignored or overemphasized. The approach took five main changing features of rural areas as central focus which were non-farm activities, role of women, entrepreneurship, in-migration, division of labour and also urban-rural interaction. Therefore, the observed changes caused to draw attention to the question of is rural still the opposite of urban? In this respect, the effects of the increased relationships between urban and rural on rural areas in terms of getting new characteristics that new rurality approach explained were investigated by handling two case studies / Gedelek and Kus&ccedil / uali Villages in Turkey.

No description available.

The thesis proposed to critique the neo-liberal perspective on regional policy in South Africa, and its emphasis on areas of strength and advantage, on two grounds. First, that it neglects processes of economic restructuring, and the possibility of place-specific decline or vulnerability. However, South Africa's increasing exposure to international markets, ongoing economic crisis, and political change, provide a context in which such conditions are likely. Secondly , these concerns are marginalised through the assumption that households can and do move out of areas experiencing restructuring or decline , or from places with weak economic bases. This assumption, however, ignores the limits to mobility in the current conjuncture, and the role of place in survival. The thesis critiques these arguments theoretically, and empirically - through a brief examination of the dynamics of restructuring and migration in KwaZulu-Natal, and a more detailed analysis of the case of Newcastle . The study of KwaZulu-Natal shows broad patterns of restructuring over the century, and points to new forms of instability in the 1990s. The research demonstrates that Newcastle has experienced several rounds of restructuring. While aggregate employment was relatively stable by the end of the 1980s, there had been a significant shift in the nature of economic activity and the composition of employment. Further rounds of restructuring coupled with employment decline - occurred in the 1990s, and key industrial sectors are shown to be vulnerable. The study of migration shows that, while there is a relationship between urbanisation and economic development in KwaZulu-Natal, there are also exceptions to it, with people remaining in, and even moving to places with weak or declining economic bases. The research did not find a complete, disjuncture ' between urbanisation and economic development in Newcastle. However, as, a consequence of past investments in place and limited opportunities elsewhere, low-income households remained in Newcastle despite restructuring. The study therefore shows that restructuring and place-vulnerability are concerns in South Africa, and that migration cannot be relied upon as a corrective. These findings underpin the need for a renewed consideration of social concerns within regional policy, and for moving beyond the 'efficiency' versus 'equity' dichotomy. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 1997.

This thesis investigates five types of informal and self-built settlements in Panama City, Panama. The major part of the thesis focuses on precedents that are related to personal experiences encountered while researching a question developed during an independent study course at Ball State University. These experiences are germane to the place I have resided for virtually, my whole life, at the outskirts of an informal settlement in Panama City -- Barriada Nueve de Enero -- along with my personal relationship with Mrs. Emilia, my family's domestic worker for more than thirteen years. In addition, the study of the five settlements will be accompanied by a set of minor design interventions that address immediate and local needs encountered while investigating each area. In a country where already more than half the population (56%) resides in urban centers, and approximately sixty thousand people live in informal settlements, one might ask: What do rural immigrants bring with them to the informal settlements? And, what are the connections found that relate to their past lives in the rural areas? According to the UN-Habitat report of 2008, in the developing world there are approximately 5 million people making thier trek each month to urban centers, and most of them end up squatting and self-building in some informal settlement, making them, as stated by Robert Neuwirth in Shadow Cities, "the largest builders of the housing world." If it is in fact, the 'precaristas - informal builders' and 'invasores - inavders' of the world who are shaping our current and future cities, should we not be more interested in their knowledge, lifestyles, and building techniques? This thesis does not aim to answer all the questions about informal settlements in Panama, but it does try to expose a reality and hopefully generate an understanding towards one city, and at least one informal settler contributing to the fast-growing informal building phenonmenon of the world. / Department of Architecture

The purpose of this study was to describe the migration of a selected group of church members from their Appalachian counties of origin to Muncie, Indiana, with specific attention being given to religious beliefs, causes for migration, urban residential patterns, the degree of occupational mobility, and the establishment of migrant churches. The sample studied consisted of members of four migrant churches that had been founded between 1936 and 1959. The migrants' Appalachian origins were obtained from the records of transfers of membership from their original church to the one in Muncie. Tabulation of these transfers revealed that 90.1 percent of them came from four counties: McCreary and Wayne in Kentucky, and Fentress and Scott in Tennessee.Data on living conditions in these Appalachian counties were derived from census material, with detailed attention being given to population, birth rates, economy, employment, education, and housing. The impact these factors had on migration was evaluated. Information as to the migrants' residential patterns and occupational mobility was drawn from the censuses and Muncie city directories. The rates of residential and occupational mobility were determined by examining data at five-year intervals beginning with 1940.The role played by religion in the area of the migrants' origin also was explored. Extensive treatment was given to the establishment of migrant churches and their role in the migration process. Church records and interviews were used to describe the founding of churches as well as how they compared with their counterparts in Appalachia.One of the findings of this study is that a decline in coal mining and subsistence farming was not the chief factor accounting for migration from this four-county region. In the 1940s the decline in these two categories of employment only accounted for 18 percent of the out-migration. But in the following decade, they did account for 58 percent of the exodus. Census data before 1950 indicated that more jobs in other categories had lessened the impact of mining and agriculture on migration. However, after 1950 employment in other categories also declined, making migration even more pronounced.The chief factor responsible for migration from this area was the high rate of natural increase. Birth rates were twice as high as the national average and half of these counties' inhabitants were under twenty years old. Population pressure existed because the economy could not absorb the annual increase. Approximately 60 percent of the out-migration resulted from this high rate of natural increase.An investigation of residential patterns did not reveal the clustering of migrants within city blocks. Instead, concentrations of migrants were found within larger housing districts. They tended to move into the central part of the city as well as four other districts with substandard housing. When those areas filled up, they moved over into the southeast side. Significant concentrations were also found in the Black areas.Study of the migrants' occupational patterns revealed only marginal mobility. All of them started as unskilled or semi-skilled laborers, with only 8.4 percent improving their position over the thirty-five year period studied. The latter were upgraded as industrial supervisors or skilled laborers. However, none of the migrants became white-collar employees or managed to move into new or elaborate housing. Overall, these people have preferred the step-by-step marginal advancements that are consistent with their culture.The most significant fact about these migrant churches is that they were established and are maintained by extended family groups which originated and still have deep roots in Appalachia. Urbanization was found to have had some impact in the sense that they eventually had adopted more church programs, more worship services, and full-time ministers like other urban churches. However, in their basic religious practices and beliefs, and in the way they depend upon bonds of kinship these churches still reflect many of the basic characteristics of those back in Appalachia.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Carleton University, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 248-274). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (M.A.), Australian National University, 1983. / Title from start screen (viewed Sept. 2, 2004). "January 1983.

Submitted by LUCIANO CAMPOS GOMES null (lucianocgeo@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-12-17T21:23:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação final - Luciano Campos Gomes.pdf: 2778107 bytes, checksum: 2e458922e910a5d6c33963320242de7f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-12-20T17:07:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 gomes_lc_me_rcla.pdf: 2778107 bytes, checksum: 2e458922e910a5d6c33963320242de7f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-20T17:07:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 gomes_lc_me_rcla.pdf: 2778107 bytes, checksum: 2e458922e910a5d6c33963320242de7f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo principal dessa pesquisa é analisar as relações entre o campo e a cidade em Santo Antônio do Amparo – MG, no atual período técnico-científico-informacional. A partir da década de 1970, a globalização instituiu uma nova etapa no processo de modernização agrícola e da cafeicultura em Minas Gerais. No início do século XXI, a consolidação da cafeicultura científica globalizada em regiões agrícolas modernas, como o Sul de Minas, estabeleceu novas dinâmicas entre o campo e as cidades médias e pequenas, que se tornaram o lócus da regulação do espaço agrícola. O território é usado e regulado pelo Estado, pelas tradings e multinacionais do setor de torrefação que criam circuitos espaciais produtivos e uma nova divisão social e territorial do trabalho, o que torna esses espaços funcionais ao agronegócio científico globalizado e aumenta os fluxos materiais e imateriais entre as regiões. Para compreendermos relações campo-cidade e os usos do território em Santo Antônio do Amparo analisamos os circuitos espaciais produtivos do café, principal produto de exportação do município. A configuração do circuito espacial produtivo e dos círculos de cooperação no território possibilitam o entendimento de como são os fluxos e as trocas entre o campo e cidade, bem como sua posição na hierarquia urbana e na divisão territorial do trabalho. / The main objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between the countryside and the city in Santo Antonio do Amparo - MG, in the current technicalscientific-informational period. From the 1970s, globalization has instituted a new stage in the process of agricultural modernization and coffee plantations in Minas Gerais. In the early twenty-first century, the consolidation of the global scientific coffee in modern agricultural regions, such as South of Minas, established new dynamics between the field and the medium and small cities, which have become the locus of regulation of agricultural space. The territory is used and regulated by the State, trading companies and multinational roasting industry to create productive spatial circuit and a new social and territorial division of labor, which makes these functional spaces to the global scientific agribusiness and increases the material and immaterial flows between regions. To understand urban-rural relations and uses of the territory in Santo Antonio do Amparo, analyze the spatial circuits of coffee production, the main product of the municipality of export. The configuration of the productive space circuit and cooperation circles in the territory make it possible to understand how are the flows and exchanges between the countryside and city, as well as its position in the urban hierarchy and territorial division of labor

Submitted by Juliana Correa Bernardes (bernardescj@gmail.com) on 2018-04-17T14:23:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Correa Bernardes.pdf: 2620607 bytes, checksum: dab96362d016f1465f2b957ca27bb458 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Eliana Katia Pupim (katiapupim@tupa.unesp.br) on 2018-04-17T20:26:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 bernardes_jc_me_tupa.pdf: 2620607 bytes, checksum: dab96362d016f1465f2b957ca27bb458 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-17T20:26:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 bernardes_jc_me_tupa.pdf: 2620607 bytes, checksum: dab96362d016f1465f2b957ca27bb458 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Apesar de residir na cidade, ter acesso às novas tecnologias e tendências que a conecta com o mundo globalizado, uma parcela da juventude urbana leva um modo de vida que apresenta características advindas do ambiente rural. Tais características envolvem gostos, vestimentas, meios de transporte, lazer voltado para rodeios, festas do peão, culinária caipira, dentre outros. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa objetiva caracterizar o jovem urbano ruralizado, proposto a partir do seguinte problema: quais são as características do jovem urbano ruralizado? Utilizará para isso a metodologia netnográfica e um questionário semi-estruturado. A partir da identificação das características do jovem urbano ruralizado, conceito desenvolvido nesta pesquisa; percebe-se um público ainda não assistido por políticas públicas que visem a promoção de atividades agropecuárias. Identificar esse jovem e suas características foram importantes para que pesquisas futuras possam compreender o motivo pela busca da ruralidade e auxiliar na elaboração de políticas públicas voltadas para o público jovem, tornando o ambiente rural mais atrativo para este. Notou-se que cultura rural atual, elemento de interação na fusão do espaço rural com o espaço urbano, está cada vez mais presente no dia a dia dos jovens residentes na cidade, influenciando sua participação no mundo ruralizado e compartilhando os mesmos interesses e disseminando hábitos próprios da nova ruralidade. / Although young people are living in cities, so that, it allows them to access new technologies and trends that connect them to the globalized world, a large part of the urban youngsters assume a lifestyle that has characteristics of the rural environment. Such features involve musical styles, clothing, transportation, preference for large animals, leisure, such as rodeos, bull rider parties, rustic cuisine, among others. In this context, the objective of this research is to characterize the ruralized urban youngsters, proposing the following problem: what are the characteristics of the ruralized urban youngsters? It will use an netnographic methodology and a semi-structured questionnaire. From the identification of their characteristics, the concept developed in this research; it has been noticed a public that hasn’t been attended by public policies that promote agricultural activities yet. To identify this young person and his/her characteristics was important so future researches can comprehend the reason they seach for this rurality and contribute in the elaboration of new public policies that can turn the rural sphere more attractive to be them. It has been noticed that the current rural culture, an element of interaction in the fusion of rural space with urban space, is increasingly present is the young city resident’ day-by-day, influencing their participation in the rural world as they sharing the same interests and disseminating typical habits of the new rurality.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-10-25T13:39:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 beatrizgomesmagalhaesbeniz.pdf: 1232497 bytes, checksum: ad3016484440d1102eeff02580115d9f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-12-15T12:23:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 beatrizgomesmagalhaesbeniz.pdf: 1232497 bytes, checksum: ad3016484440d1102eeff02580115d9f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-12-15T12:23:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 beatrizgomesmagalhaesbeniz.pdf: 1232497 bytes, checksum: ad3016484440d1102eeff02580115d9f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-15T12:23:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 beatrizgomesmagalhaesbeniz.pdf: 1232497 bytes, checksum: ad3016484440d1102eeff02580115d9f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-21 / A “Escola Lagoa” é o lugar de encontro de diferentes alunos e trajetórias. Localizada no perímetro urbano de Juiz de Fora, atende à região conhecida como “Cidade Alta” e muitos outros alunos oriundos de diferentes comunidades rurais e proximidades de uma rodovia federal. Tal localização propicia o entrecruzamento de percursos realizados por alunos de diferentes origens. Aqui, os alunos migrantes são representados por adolescentes de doze a dezenove anos, residentes em áreas rurais, que estabelecem migrações pendulares para cursar o Ensino Fundamental. Este trabalho aborda os deslocamentos, as narrativas e representações destes alunos a partir do espaço escolar e, tem como referência, os agenciamentos teóricos instituídos por filósofos de pensamento nômade: Nietzsche, Foucault, Larrosa, Veiga-Neto, entre outros interlocutores. A temática do espaço e a relação urbanorural atravessam vários aspectos da investigação, entretanto, são apresentadas com a perspectiva de autores não hegemônicos a fim de perseguir o emaranhado de forças que criam caminhos provisórios de investigação. Assim, a pesquisa etnográfica interpretativa é fluida e constitui uma grande preparação ao longo do processo investigativo. As entrevistas, observações e conversas informais constituem os principais procedimentos da pesquisa de campo. O texto foi sistematizado em três movimentos: Composição - apresentação da questão e elaboração de agenciamentos com diferentes autores; Arquitetura abrange textos produzidos a partir das primeiras incursões ao campo; e Teceduras, movimento elaborado a partir das entrevistas semi-estruturadas individuais, procedimento que permitiu a criação de outras narrativas. Desse modo a descrição do espaço escolar foi atravessada por histórias cotidianas criadas pela experiência compartilhada entre os alunos e a pesquisadora. / “Lagoon School” is a meeting place for different students and backgrounds. Located in the urban area of Juiz de Fora, it serves an area known as “High City”, as well as many other students who come from different rural communities and areas close to a federal highway. Its location facilitates the intersection of trajectories of students from different origins. Here, the migrant students are represented by teenagers, ranging in ages from twelve to nineteen years, who live in rural areas and commute to attend Primary School. This paper addresses the commutation, the narratives and representations of those students, starting from the school environment. It makes reference to the theoretical assemblages established by nomad thought philosophers, such as Nietzsche, Foucault, Larrosa, and Veiga-Neto, among others. The topics of space and urban-rural relationship are present in various aspects of the investigation; however, they are presented under the perspective of non-hegemonic authors in order to follow the great number of forces that generate temporary paths of investigation. Hence, the interpretative and ethnographic research can proceed well, involving great preparation during the investigation process. Field research mainly included interviews, observations and informal conversations. The text was divided into three parts: Constitution – an introduction to the topic and the development of assemblages from different authors; Architecture (Process) – refers to the work produced after the first incursions into the field; and Combination – based on the semi-structured individual interviews, a procedure which allowed for the creation of other narratives. Therefore, the description of the school environment was transcended by every-day stories created from experiences shared between the students and the researcher.