Under the unifying theme of supply chain learning, this three essay dissertation extends scholarship by investigating these multi-tier relationships. Theory is emerged, grounded in data, gathered from functioning supply chains in an effort to provide scholars and practitioners with an increased understanding of the SCL phenomena. Essay 1, entitled "Supply Chain Learning: An Exploratory Literature Review" examines the current literature in an attempt to address the shortcomings and emerge areas that have been less explored and less understood. By exposing these areas of research opportunities using a grounded theory methodology, a framework was emerged allowing identification of the limitations of extant literature and providing a springboard for future research. This framework also allowed further investigation into the SCL processes and expansion of the current understanding by providing academia with a comprehensive review of the literature and revealing the shortcomings that exist related to SCL. Using the framework emerged in Essay 1, Essay 2 entitled "Toward Supply Chain Learning: A Focus on the Customers of Logistics Service Providers" explores the rationalization and cognitive processes of senior level executives of firms utilizing national or global supply chains. These respondents are directly engaged in creating, establishing and operating relationships with third party logistics (3PL) providers within a functioning supply chain. By examining the relationships and processes from the point of view of customers of third party logistics providers, a unique perspective provides insight into these relationships. Using semi-structured interviews with these executives, grounded theory was once again used to emerge theory explaining the phenomena of SCL. In particular, this research examines the elements studied from the perspective of customers of third party logistics providers as they seek to develop new processes and solutions in hopes of obtaining a competitive advantage by adaptive learning with the help of their providers and trading partners. In addition, this research increases our understanding of SCL by examining a relationship between customers and 3PL providers, their experiences and outcomes. Essay 3, entitled "Practical Application of Supply Chain Learning" focuses on the implications of the learning relationship and its impact on the practitioner. By providing the findings of the research in a context relatable to practitioners, this culmination of findings allows practitioners to relate the findings directly to their existing supply chains. Realizing that many supply chains are relationship driven, this research focuses on the findings of previous research to provide a more holistic view of the learning relationship process as it exists in multiple tiers of their existing supply chain. Providing a step-by-step explanation of the SCL process as emerged from previous research, executives are provided a tool to better identify, analyze and understand these processes as relatable in their existing environment. As a methodical analysis of the IOL process, these essays provide the foundation for understanding the relationship process that exists between learning partners in a supply chain. Essay 1 provides basis for theory development by examining current literature and exposing the shortcomings while also emerging a preliminary framework on which to build future research. Essay 2 follows up on these deficiencies and attempts to saturate understanding of the IOL process, particularly from the point of view of 3PL customers in an existing supply chain. Essay 3 delivers these findings to executives in a relatable format, providing a holistic understanding of the phenomena. In summation, this dissertation provides theory emerged from data, explaining the learning relationship from the point of view of the customers of 3PL services, the cognitive dimensions and outcomes of these decisions as they relate to learning in the supply chain.

Les composants logiciels sont des entités logicielles réutilisables promettant une réduction des coûts liés au développement, à la maintenance et à l'évolution d'un logiciel. Actuellement, de nombreuses propositions se réclament du mode de développement par assemblage de composants logiciels. Malgré un vocabulaire parfois commun (composant, port, interface, service, connexion, connecteur), ces propositions sont disparates de par leurs origines, leurs objectifs, leurs concepts ou encore leurs mécanismes. De plus, elles restent difficiles à utiliser en pratique par manque de véritables langages de programmation sémantiquement fondés et concrètement utilisables. Devant tant de profusion, nous nous intéressons, dans cette thèse, aux problématiques suivantes: qu'est-ce qu'un langage à composants? Quels sont les avantages de ces langages? Comment réaliser un langage à composants?<br />Cette thèse propose donc Scl, un langage de programmation à composants permettant de mettre en pratique réellement la programmation par composants (PPC). De par sa conception, Scl se veut être un langage : (i) minimal dans le sens où toutes les abstractions et tous les mécanismes qui lui sont intégrés répondent à un besoin identifié ; (ii) simple car ses abstractions et ses mécanismes sont de haut niveau ; (iii) détaillé car nous avons abordé un ensemble de questions souvent oubliées dans les autres propositions comme l'auto-référence, le passage d'arguments ou le statut des composants de base (collections, entiers, etc) dans un monde unifié ; (iv) dédié à la PPC, car prenant en compte les deux préoccupations que nous jugeons majeures en PPC et qui sous-tendent toute l'étude: le découplage et la non-anticipation. <br />Le coeur de Scl repose principalement sur les concepts de composant, de port, de service, de connecteur et de « code glue » ainsi que sur les mécanismes de liaison de ports et d'invocation de service. La séparation des préoccupations au niveau du code occupe une part importante de l'étude qui établit un lien entre la programmation par composants et la programmation par aspects (PPA). Scl propose dans ce cadre une amélioration des approches dites « symétriques » de la PPA, via une unification des concepts d'aspect et de composant et via un ensemble de différents types de liaisons de ports qui permettent d'utiliser un même composant de façon standard ou de façon transversale. Scl intègre aussi un mécanisme général permettant d'établir des connexions entre composants basées sur les changements d'états de leurs propriétés sans que leurs programmeurs n'aient à écrire une ligne de code spécifique à cet effet. Deux prototypes de Scl sont également présentés, le premier et le plus abouti est écrit en Smalltalk et le second en Ruby.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

<p>Uppsatsen är en pilotstudie med syfte att undersöka sambandet mellan psykisk ohälsa, anknytningsmönster och upplevd självförmåga i en grupp tonåringar (n=19) som behandlas eller behandlats för psykiatriska eller sociala problem. Självskattningsformulär som mäter förekomsten av psykiatriska symtom (SCL-90), anknytningsmönster(ASQ) och upplevd självförmåga (GSE) har använts. Resultatet av studien visar att det kan finnas ett positivt samband mellan trygg anknytning och upplevd självförmåga, och negativa samband med otrygg anknytning. Graden av psykisk ohälsa har negativt samband med den upplevda självförmågan. En principalkomponentanalys tydde på att en complaintfaktor svarade för huvuddelen av variansen i materialet, vilket ger upphov till metodologiska frågor. Sammantaget är upplevd självförmåga och dess relation till anknytningsmönster intressant att undersöka vidare.</p>

Uppsatsen är en pilotstudie med syfte att undersöka sambandet mellan psykisk ohälsa, anknytningsmönster och upplevd självförmåga i en grupp tonåringar (n=19) som behandlas eller behandlats för psykiatriska eller sociala problem. Självskattningsformulär som mäter förekomsten av psykiatriska symtom (SCL-90), anknytningsmönster(ASQ) och upplevd självförmåga (GSE) har använts. Resultatet av studien visar att det kan finnas ett positivt samband mellan trygg anknytning och upplevd självförmåga, och negativa samband med otrygg anknytning. Graden av psykisk ohälsa har negativt samband med den upplevda självförmågan. En principalkomponentanalys tydde på att en complaintfaktor svarade för huvuddelen av variansen i materialet, vilket ger upphov till metodologiska frågor. Sammantaget är upplevd självförmåga och dess relation till anknytningsmönster intressant att undersöka vidare.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diana Laloni.pdf: 9194723 bytes, checksum: ff428b27358161e85665173e22f5b014 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001-11-23 / A reliability and validity study of the Symptom Checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90- R) among clinical population is presented, besides a standardization preliminary study. SCL-90-R is a self report, multidimensional scale to diagnose psychopathological symptoms according to 9 dimensions: somatization, compulsivity-obsessivity, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideas and psychoticism, with 90 Items to which the respondent indicates an intensity degree on a Likert scale of 5 points: from 0 (none) to 5 (much). The sample amounts to 200 patients ( Case Group = CaG) from the mental health ambulatory and 399 patients from the infirmaries (Control Group = CoG ) of a university general hospital, ages over 19 (M = 43.5; DP = 23.8) , 41% women and 59% men. The reliability studies through Internal Consistency Analysis and Test Retest indicate good internal consistency (from 0.73 to 0.88) and temporal stability (from 0.40 to 0.82), thus confirming the instrument is reliabilily. The validity study is made through construct validation and criterion validation. The construct validation approached through Factorial Analysis (FA), Cluster Analysis (CLA) and Correspondence Analysis (CA) indicates that the Items group into 4 factors (40% total variance) and that the symptom intensity at intermediate levels (1= little, 2= moderately, 3= fairly) is poorly discriminatory. The criterion validity researched through Compared and Contrasted Groups, Kruskal-Wallis and Concurrent Validity demonstrates that the instrument discriminates groups (Global Severity Index GSI e CaG= 1.34 for men and 1.47 for women; GSI-CoG=0,80 for men and 0,90 for women), KW (__ of 26.5 to 88.5 with significance level 0.001). Using the GHQ as external measurement criterion, a 0.74 correlation is observed. It is suggested that from the 90 original Items, 40 that presented 0.30 minimum factorial charge on respective factors be retained for adaptation in a Portuguese version and distributed into 4 dimensions: psychoticism, obsessivitycompulsivity, somatization and anxiety. Furthermore, it is suggested that a 3 point Likert scale (0=none; 1=little, 2=much) be adopted for symptom intensity evaluation. The scale, in this format, provides valid measure of psychotic, neurotic, psychosomatic and anxiety predominance symptoms in patients tended to in Brazilian general hospitals. It is proposed that Brazilian standards be developed in future researches. / Apresenta estudo de precis?o e validade da Symptom Checklist - 90 - Revised (SCL-90-R), junto a popula??o cl?nica, al?m de um estudo preliminar de padroniza??o. SCL-90-R ? uma escala multidimensional de auto-avalia??o para diagnosticar sintomas psicopatol?gicos segundo 9 dimens?es: somatiza??o, obsessividade-compulsividade, sensibilidade interpessoal, depress?o, ansiedade, hostilidade, ansiedade f?bica, id?ias paran?ides e psicoticismo, com 90 Itens aos quais o respondente indica um grau de intensidade numa escala Likert de 5 pontos: desde O (nenhum) a 5 (muito). A amostra conta com 200 pacientes (Grupo Caso= GCa) do ambulat?rio de sa?de mental e 399 pacientes das enfermarias (Grupo Controle= GCo) de um hospital geral universit?rio com idade acima de 19 anos (M=43,5; DP=23 ,8), sendo 41 % de mulheres e 59% de homens. Os estudos de precis?o pela An?lise de Consist?ncia Interna e Teste-Reteste, indicam boa consist?ncia interna (de 0,73 a 0,88) e estabilidade temporal (de 0,40 a 0,82) confirmando a boa fidedignidade do instrumento. O estudo de validade ? efetuado pela valida??o de constructo e valida??o de crit?rio. A valida??o de constructo estudada pela An?lise Fatorial (AF), An?lise de Agrupamento (AA) e An?lise de Correspond?ncia (AC) indica que os Itens agrupam-se em 4 Fatores (40% vari?ncia total) e que a intensidade de sintoma, nos n?veis intermedi?rios (I =pouco, 2=moderadamente, 3=bastante) ? pouco discriminativa. A validade de crit?rio estudada pelos m?todos de Grupos Comparados e Contrastantes, Kruskal- Wallis e Validade Concorrente demonstra que o instrumento discrimina os grupos (?ndice Global de Severidade/IGS-GCa=I,34 para homens e 1,47 para mulheres; IGS-GCo=0,80 para homens e 0,90 para mulheres), KW( X2 de 26,5 a 88,5 com n?vel de signific?ncia 0,001) e utilizando-se o Question?rio de Sa?de Geral (QSG) como medida de crit?rio externo obt?m-se correla??o de 0,74. O estudo preliminar de padroniza??o indica que normas brasileiras devem ser desenvolvidas. Sugere-se que dos 90 Itens originais, 40 que apresentaram carga fatorial m?nima de 0,30 nos respectivos Fatores, sejam retidos para a adapta??o e vers?o em portugu?s, e distribu?dos em 4 dimens?es: psicoticismo, obsessividade-compulsividade, somatiza??o, ansiedade e adote-se uma escala Likert de 3 pontos (0=nenhum, 1=um pouco, 2=muito) para a avalia??o da intensidade do sintoma. A escala, assim constitu?da, fornece medida v?lida da predomin?ncia de sintomas psic?ticos, neur?ticos, psicossom?ticos e de ansiedade em pacientes atendidos em hospitais gerais em nosso meio. Prop?e-se o desenvolvimento de normas brasileiras em pesquisas futuras.