Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:57:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 teseraissa.pdf: 441781 bytes, checksum: 4e3756e686ddf90071d381a6bddfc571 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-10 / nenhum / The main objective of this research was to verify if the self-assessment and/or partner s assessment are efficient keys to the construction and development of the metacognition, known as a very important aspect for the improvement of the learning and teaching process. The research was held in a very well known school in the city of São Luís in the state of Maranhão. 24 sixth graders and their mathematics teacher were the participants of the research. The students were supposed to evaluate themselves as they developed some tasks at a specific period of time, and also evaluate their partners. These partners could either be same sex or opposite sex. The data collection also involved the students opinions as to how it was doing this kind of activity, and the teachers inferences about the development of the project. To the results analysis five different categories of the use of metacognition were built, as the students were put in a situation in which they had to do a self-assessment or partner s assessment they tend to use the metacognition, and they improve it as long as they are practicing it. Then it becomes possible to notice which are the positive and the negative aspects about themselves and their partners, promoting in most of cases a real improvement of their own learning process. / O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi verificar se a auto-avaliação e/ou a avaliação do parceiro são instrumentos eficazes para a construção e desenvolvimento da metacognição, algo tido como central para a melhoria do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma escola particular muito bem conceituada, localizada em São Luís do Maranhão. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 24 alunos da 6ª série do Ensino Fundamental e sua professora de matemática. Os alunos ora deveriam fazer auto-avaliação do próprio desempenho em uma determinada tarefa, ora avaliar seu parceiro, o qual poderia ser do mesmo sexo ou do sexo oposto. A coleta de dados envolveu, ainda, as opiniões dos alunos sobre como foi realizar esse tipo de atividade e as apreciações da professora a respeito dessa proposta. Para a análise dos resultados foram construídas cinco categorias de uso da metacognição, tendo se encontrado que os alunos, quando colocados em situação na qual devem realizar uma auto-avaliação ou avaliação do parceiro passam a fazer uso da metacognição, aprimorando-a na medida em que a vão exercitando. Com isso, torna-se possível perceber quais são os aspectos positivos e negativos de si e do outro, promovendo, em alguns casos, a regulação da conduta, no sentido de aprimorar o processo de aprendizagem.

Submitted by Marlene Aparecida de Souza Cardozo (mcardozo@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-08T12:11:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Clícia Bührer Martins.pdf: 851110 bytes, checksum: 33ae2a65410d88359bc263472af4adf5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-08T12:11:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clícia Bührer Martins.pdf: 851110 bytes, checksum: 33ae2a65410d88359bc263472af4adf5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-04 / This doctoral thesis presents the analysis of the institutional self-assessment process of the undergraduate courses at the Ponta Grossa State University – PR, and its articulations with the curricular reform of the pedagogical projects of undergraduate courses from the same institution. The following research question guided the investigation: Does the institutional self-assessment process contributes to the curricular reform of the pedagogical projects of undergraduate courses at the UEPG? The aims of the study were: a)identify the elements that emerged from self-assessment of the undergraduate courses for the process of curricular reform; b) check if the results from this self-assessment are the object of reflection, problematization and actions in the process of curricular reform and c) establish the relations between the self-assessment of the undergraduate courses and the curricular reform processes. The research was carried out at the UEPG and involved 8 undergraduate courses, and the research participants were course coordinators and institutional managers. The research was carried out according to a qualitative approach, which used content analysis in addition to interviews and documental analysis. The interviews were analyzed and produced 7 empirical categories: the curriculum assessed, participation, collective process of self-assessment of courses and curricular reform, mobilization of those involved: teachers and students, the role of course coordinators, use of the results from self-assessment of the undergraduate courses, potentialities and weaknesses of undergraduate self-assessment. The theoretical-methodological framework included authors such as Dias Sobrinho (2000), (2003), (2008), (2010), Afonso (2009), Leite (2009), Saul (2010), Cappelletti (2012), (2010), Chizzotti (1991), (2009), Bardin (1977), Estrela and Rodrigues (1995), Polidori (2009), (2011), Lima (1997), (2015). The results of the research point out that institutional self-assessment of the undergraduate course contributes to the curricular reform of the pedagogical projects at the UEPG, especially in terms of discussions and collective reflections about courses’ needs, strong and weak points concerning the disciplines within the courses, contents, relation between theory and practice, teaching process, number of teaching hours and issues related to students´ professional education. The self-assessment process was not characterized by linearity, but by a set of actions marked by ups and downs, advances and setbacks, conflicts and contradictions that to an extent typical characteristics of an evaluation process done according to a participatory perspective that involves the members responsible for it / Este trabalho apresenta uma análise sobre o processo de autoavaliação institucional e suas articulações com a reformulação curricular dos projetos pedagógicos dos cursos de graduação da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa-PR. O trabalho teve a seguinte questão norteadora: o processo de autoavaliação institucional contribui para a reformulação curricular dos projetos pedagógicos dos cursos de graduação da UEPG? Os objetivos foram: a) identificar os elementos que emergem da autoavaliação dos cursos de graduação para o processo de reformulação curricular; b) verificar se os resultados oriundos da autoavaliação dos cursos são objeto de reflexões, problematizações e ações no processo de reformulação curricular; c) estabelecer as possíveis relações entre a autoavaliação dos cursos de graduação e os processos de reformulação curricular. O campo de pesquisa foi a UEPG, mais especificamente, 08 cursos de graduação e os sujeitos participantes foram os coordenadores de colegiados dos mesmos e gestores institucionais. A pesquisa foi realizada numa abordagem qualitativa, na qual utilizou-se o método da análise de conteúdo e os procedimentos escolhidos foram entrevista e análise documental. As entrevistas foram analisadas e, a partir delas foram delineadas 07 categorias empíricas: currículo avaliado, participação, processo coletivo da autoavaliação de cursos e da reformulação curricular, mobilização dos sujeitos: professores e alunos, papel do coordenador do curso de graduação, utilização dos resultados da autoavaliação de cursos de graduação, potencialidades e fragilidades da autoavaliação de cursos de graduação. O referencial teórico-metodológico foi construído em diálogo com autores de referência, tais como: como Dias Sobrinho (2000), (2003), (2008), (2010), Afonso (2009), Leite (2009), Saul (2010), Cappelletti (2012), (2010), Chizzotti (1991), (2009), Bardin (1977), Estrela & Rodrigues (1995), Polidori (2009), (2011), Lima (1997), (2015). Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que a autoavaliação institucional dos cursos de graduação contribuiu para a reformulação curricular dos projetos pedagógicos dos cursos de graduação da UEPG principalmente quanto às discussões e reflexões coletivas que oportunizou no âmbito dos cursos a respeito das necessidades, positividades e fragilidades referentes às disciplinas do curso, conteúdos, relação teoria e prática, processo de ensino, carga horária e questões voltadas à formação profissional do aluno. O processo autoavaliativo não se caracterizou pela linearidade e sim por um conjunto de ações marcadas por idas e vindas, avanços e recuos, conflitos e contradições que, de certa forma, são características próprias de um processo avaliativo realizado numa perspectiva participativa, envolvendo os sujeitos que a integraram

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-09T10:49:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Márcia Gomes Martins.pdf: 1506864 bytes, checksum: 20307f555f0ea13d6fc066d681241630 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-09T10:49:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Márcia Gomes Martins.pdf: 1506864 bytes, checksum: 20307f555f0ea13d6fc066d681241630 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-14 / The objective of this research was to accompany and to analyze the participation of the educational community's different segments, in the self-institutional assessment participatory in two units of early childhood education in the city of São Paulo, that assists children aged 4-5 years. The self-assessment was accomplished tends for base the Quality Indicators in Early Childhood Education in the city of São Paulo, document elaborated by the City Department of Education of São Paulo with the purpose of subsidizing the education units of childhood education, of the direct and indirect net, in the self-assessment process. The analysis of the interviews accomplished in the two units reveals that the educational community's representatives believe that they were represented in the self-assessment and they wait that the proposals listed in the action plan, as much the one of competence of the unit as the one of competence of the City Department of Education of São Paulo, be rendered and provide improvements for the social quality of the early childhood education. This process evaluative, if well accompanied by the official organs, it can become an important step for the establishment of an evaluative culture with views to the improvement of the social quality of the childhood education in the city of São Paulo / O objetivo desta pesquisa foi acompanhar e analisar a participação dos diferentes segmentos da comunidade educativa, na autoavaliação institucional participativa em duas unidades de educação infantil da rede municipal de São Paulo, que atendem crianças de quatro e cinco anos. A autoavaliação foi realizada tendo por base os Indicadores de Qualidade da Educação Infantil Paulistana, documento elaborado pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação com a finalidade de subsidiar as unidades educacionais de Educação Infantil, da rede direta e indireta, no processo de autoavaliação. A análise das entrevistas realizadas nas duas unidades revela que os representantes da comunidade educativa se sentiram representados na autoavaliação e esperam que as propostas elencadas no plano de ação, tanto as de competência da unidade como as de competência da Secretaria Municipal de Educação, sejam concretizadas e proporcionem melhorias para a qualidade social da educação das crianças pequenas. Este processo avaliativo, se bem acompanhado pelos órgãos oficiais, pode tornar-se um importante passo para o estabelecimento de uma cultura avaliativa com vistas à melhoria da qualidade social da Educação Infantil em todo o município de São Paulo

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-04-03T12:57:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Débora Cabral Nunes Polaz.pdf: 2154824 bytes, checksum: c9c511fcdf2ce4c052a502783d574ff0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-03T12:57:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Débora Cabral Nunes Polaz.pdf: 2154824 bytes, checksum: c9c511fcdf2ce4c052a502783d574ff0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-08 / Introduction: The Nursing Course, when assuming the educational proposal in active methodologies, faces the continuous challenge of conducting an evaluation of the teaching/learning process consistent with the assumptions that guide these methodologies. In this context, the formative assessment is carried out through a form with specific criteria, filled in by both students and teachers.Purposes: To analyze forms and evaluation criteria from the tutoring sessions; identify student and teacher perception of their functionality and adequacy needs, discuss with them the use of the forms and evaluation criteria and propose adjustments. Method: An exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach carried out at PUC/SP Nursing Course. The first stage consisted of questionnaires for students and teachers, composedofopen-ended and closed-ended Likert Scale questions. The second stage was carried out with two focus groups: the first one comprising the teachers and the second one, students from years 1 to 3, with the purpose of delivering feedback on the first stage, as well as discussion and adjustment suggestions for the form. Results: Seven (77.7%) teachers and 32 (36.3%) students participated in the first stage; questionnaires were considered reliable (Cronbach's Alpha was 0.9096 and 0.8945 for students and teachers respectively). Gaps were identified in the contents of the form and applicability, requiring clarity and objectivity in the evaluation criteria and insufficient time and space for filling in the form. Three students and five teachers participated in the 2nd stage. The results of the 1st stage were validated in the 2nd stage and the suggestions outlined the adequacy of the evaluation instrument. Conclusion: This study allowed to expand the understanding and the debate about the assessment, showed the importance of investing in teacher development and student knowledge in the process of formative assessment / Introdução: O Curso de Enfermagem, ao assumir a proposta de ensino em metodologias ativas, enfrenta o desafio contínuo de realizar uma avaliação do processo ensino aprendizagem coerente com os pressupostos que norteiam essas metodologias. Nesse contexto, a avaliação formativa é realizada através de uma ficha com critérios específicos, preenchida por alunos e docentes. Objetivos: Analisar a ficha e os critérios de avaliação das sessões de tutoria; identificar a percepção dos alunos e dos docentes sobre sua funcionalidade e necessidades de adequações, discutir com os mesmos a utilização das fichas e dos critérios de avaliação e propor adequações. Método: Estudo exploratório, descritivo com abordagem qualiquantitativa realizado no Curso de Enfermagem da PUC/SP. A 1ª etapa constituiu-se da aplicação de questionários para os alunos e docentes com questões abertas e fechadas do tipo Escala de Likert. A 2ª etapa realizou-se com dois grupos focais: um com os docentes e outro com os alunos dos três primeiros anos para devolutiva dos resultados da primeira etapa, discussão e sugestões para adequações da ficha. Resultados: Participaram na 1ª etapa sete (77,7%) docentes e 32 (36,3%) alunos; os questionários foram considerados confiáveis (Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach foi de 0.9096 e 0.8945 de alunos e docentes respectivamente). Identificaram-se lacunas no conteúdo da ficha e aplicabilidade, necessitando de clareza e objetividade nos critérios de avaliação e tempo e espaços insuficientes para o preenchimento. Na 2ª etapa, participaram três alunos e cinco docentes. Os resultados da 1ª etapa foram validados na segunda etapa e as sugestões delinearam as adequações do instrumento avaliativo. Conclusão: Este estudo permitiu ampliar a compreensão e o debate sobre a avaliação, mostrou a importância de investir em desenvolvimento docente e no conhecimento do aluno no processo de avaliação formativa

Global leadership has been a growing area of research as our world becomes interconnected. The National Association for College Employers (NACE) Career Readiness Competencies Work Group even added an eighth competency: global/intercultural fluency. Employers have also expressed a skill crisis regarding students graduating from college without the necessary global leadership skills. However, there are often not enough resources at institutions of higher education to add specific co-curricular programs around global leadership. At the same time many institutions have begun to use the Student Leadership Competencies (Seemiller, 2013) as learning outcomes for their co-curricular programs. This research study aimed to combine the concepts of global leadership and the Student Leadership Competencies so that students have the opportunity to develop global leadership competencies on their own. The researcher created a global leadership competencies self-assessment instrument mapped within the Student Leadership Competencies, then demonstrated the extent to which the instrument yields evidence that supports valid and reliable inferences about students’ global leadership competencies. Validity evidence based on content was established through the use of 13 subject matter experts. Validity evidence based on cognitive process was established through cognitive interviews. Validity evidence based on internal structure was established by conducting an exploratory factor analysis. Specifically, a principal axis factor analysis with a varimax rotation was conducted on data gathered from 279 participants. Evidence supported the finding that the instrument yielded reliable inferences about students’ global leadership competencies (30 items; α = .932). There were six constructs uncovered and measured through the validation process: Interpersonal Impact, Perspective-taking, Adapting, Diversity, Responding to Ambiguity, and Resiliency. The instrument created in this study provides self-awareness of a student’s proficiency in these global leadership competencies, which enables them to seek out development opportunities for those competencies either on their campus or in other out-of-the-classroom activities based on their results. This instrument can now be used to guide a students’ global leadership competency development journey.

<p>Individuals afflicted with childhood and adolescent mental disorders have an increased risk for poor outcome in adulthood. The progression of psychopathology from childhood to adult life may be influenced by a multitude of interacting variables, both biological and psychosocial. There is limited information on the relationships between child psychopathology and adult personality and personality disorders. The main aim of this thesis was therefore to gain better knowledge concerning adult personality outcome in patients with early onset of mental disorders. </p><p>Former child psychiatric patients as compared to controls had a significantly higher prevalence of all DSM-IV personality disorders (38.0 vs. 10.9 percent, p<0.001) and also a considerably higher personality disorder co-morbidity. They also had more psychosocial and environmental problems. This was exaggerated in those diagnosed with a personality disorder. Major depression, disruptive disorders and substance use disorders at a young age were strong predictors for adult personality disorder.</p><p>Patients with an early onset major depression had more personality disorders and more deviant personality traits than those with a late onset. </p><p>Forensic psychiatric male patients diagnosed with a previous conduct disorder as compared to those without had more cluster B personality disorders, and more repeated violent criminality and mixed abuse. They also exhibited more deviant personality traits and higher psychopathy scores.</p><p>The instrument "Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Screening Inventory-Retrospect" had acceptable sensitivity and specificity for assessment of child psychiatric disorders. Subscales demonstrated good internal reliability (Crohnbach´s alpha = 0.76-0.93).</p><p>The results suggest that adult personality disturbances are prevalent in individuals affected with mental problems at young ages. A better understanding of the transition of psychopathology from childhood to adulthood and a better identification of those at risk will be of help in attempts to prevent permanent impact on the adult personality.</p>

Neck-shoulder pain is common in the general population and causes individual suffering as well as large costs for the society. Despite substantial efforts, there is still a shortage of methods for objective diagnosis and effective rehabilitation of such disorders. Thus, there is a great need to develop and evaluate new methods for these purposes. From clinical observations and recent research it has become evident that sensorimotor control can be impaired in people with neck-shoulder pain and may play a role in the pathogenesis of these disorders. In this thesis, precision of goal-directed arm movements, a previously unstudied class of movements in neck-shoulder pain, was studied. The main aim of the thesis was to investigate if people with chronic neck-shoulder pain have a reduced acuity of goal-directed movements of the upper extremity. A second aim was to study associations between reduced movement acuity and symptoms and self-rated characteristics. Upper limb repositioning acuity was assessed in blindfolded subjects performing tests of active, ipsilateral position-matching of two target positions (long and short) in movements constrained to horizontal-adduction of the shoulder. Reduced repositioning acuity, suggesting impaired shoulder proprioception, was found for both subjects with whiplash associated disorders (WAD) and non-specific neck-shoulder pain (NS). The degree of reduced acuity was shown to correlate with self-ratings of various health concepts, functioning and pain. A conspicuous finding was that there was lack of correlation between short and long target errors, along with the fact that associations between repositioning acuity and symptoms and self-rated characteristics was primarily found for the short target position. To further investigate the possible mechanisms underlying the disassociation between long and short target movement control, the association pattern between the outcome of several variants of ipsilateral position matching and velocity-discrimination tests, were studied. It was found that the perception of limb position in position-matching of short target locations appears to be predominantly based on movement velocity, whereas perception of limb position in movements to longer target locations may rely on a location-based perception mechanism. To extend the research on reduced upper extremity proprioception in neck-shoulder pain to a more natural movement situation, acuity of goal-directed pointing including full vision and 3D multi-joint movements was investigated in WAD, NS and healthy controls subjects. The results revealed a reduced acuity for both neck-pain groups. Moreover, distinct associations between end-point acuity and neck movement problems, limitations of some physical functions and, in WAD; some aspects of pain, were revealed. The findings demonstrate that the precision of upper limb movements can be reduced in chronic neck-shoulder pain. Substantial associations with symptoms and self-rated functioning suggest a clinical relevance of acuity measures of goal-directed arm movements. The findings indicate that tests of sensorimotor control can provide objective measures that may be useful in biopsychosocial profiling and characterization of subgroups of patients with chronic neck-shoulder pain, and that training target control of goal-directed movements should be considered in rehabilitation programs of people with these disorders.

The overall aim of this thesis was to evaluate effects of a multi-component pain and stress self-management group intervention (PASS) and to explore plausible predictors associated with short-term and long-term treatment effects among patients with persistent tension-type neck pain in primary health care (PHC). Study I was a pilot study in order to explore feasibility of the study design and methods. It included 37 participants randomly assigned to the intervention (n=18) or treatment-as-usual (n=19). Study II-III was a pragmatic randomized controlled trial that compared effects of the PASS and individually administered physiotherapy (IAPT) on patients with persistent tension-type neck pain in PHC. Study II evaluated short-term effects over a 20-week follow-up. Study III evaluated long-term effects on maintenance over a follow-up period of 2 years. Studies included 156 participants randomly assigned to PASS (n=77) or IAPT (n=79). Study IV explored predictive factors for favorable outcome in disability regarding participants assigned to PASS. The results showed that PASS had better effects than IAPT regarding coping with pain, in terms of patients’ ability to control pain, self-efficacy regarding activities interfered with by pain, disability and catastrophizing, over the 20-week follow-up, and treatment effects were largely maintained over a 2-year follow-up. Post-treatment scores in disability, self-efficacy and pain intensity were associated with long-term outcome in pain-related disability 2 years post-treatment following PASS. Pre-treatment characteristics explained only a minor proportion of variance in disability, and were assumed weakly associated with treatment success and long-term outcome. Key components for enhancement of long-term efficacy in pain self-management coping efforts were adequately targeted by PASS. It is suggested important to strengthen self-efficacy beliefs in regard to pain coping, to reduce disability and enhance pain self-management in the treatment of persistent neck pain, and to induce long-term maintenance of treatment gains on disability following a pain self-management intervention.

The aim of this study was to analyze the assessment of the primary school, from the teacher’s perspective. There has been an ongoing discussion regarding assessment and about the purposes of assessment for a long time. But there is a paucity of research on what teachers believe about. This study examined primary teachers’ beliefs on major purposes of assessment. Assessment is the process of gathering and interpreting information about students’ learning. The main purpose of assessment is to stimulate and encourage students' cognitive and social development. There are several types of assessment but the most relevant for this study is: assessment of learning (summative assessment) and assessment for learning (formative assessment). Assessment of learning looks at a student’s performance or presentation on a specific task or at the end of a part of teaching and learning. Assessment for learning should be used as a regular part of teaching and learning. The information teachers’ gain from assessment activities should be used to shape the teachers future teaching and that assessment for learning should be an essential and integrated part of the teaching and learning process. The main intention with assessment is to allow for students to demonstrate what they know and can do. It is also important that students are involved in the assessment process This study is based on interviews and qualitative research studies. I interviewed four teachers from two different schools.

The purpose of this non-experimental, causal-comparative study was to examine how gender, reading ability, and mathematics ability differentially moderated students' mathematical problem-solving processes, linguistic explanations of those solution processes, achievement on a mathematical problem-solving test, self-efficacy on a self-reported rating scale, and self-assessment on a self-reported rating scale. The investigation addressed five research questions. First, to what extent are students' mathematical problem-solving processes related to gender? Second, to what extent is children's performance in mathematical problem solving related to gender, reading ability, and mathematics ability? Third, to what extent is the quality of students' linguistic explanations of their problem-solving processes related to gender, reading ability and mathematics ability? Fourth, to what extent is the relationship between students' feelings of self-efficacy when commencing work on a mathematical problem and their actual performance related to gender, reading ability and mathematics ability? Finally, to what extent is students' ability to assess their own performance on mathematical problem-solving tasks related to gender, reading ability, and mathematics ability? After being briefed in the use of the self-efficacy and self-assessment reporting scales, the students from 16 fifth-grade classrooms were tested with a 12-item mathematical problem-solving test. The final sample consisted of 237 students, 129 boys and 108 girls. All student responses were scored for performance and linguistic explanation using holistic rubrics, and were coded according to the solution process employed. The results indicate that gender does not play a significant role in students' choice of problem-solving processes. As expected, mathematics ability was significantly related to performance as was reading ability. Gender was not found to be a significant predictor of performance. Reading ability and mathematics ability were both strongly related to the quality of students' linguistic explanations of their problem-solving processes, but gender was not. Boys consistently exhibited higher levels of self-efficacy, but girls were more accurate in their self-efficacy feelings. Reading ability was also found to be a significant predictor of the accuracy of students' self-efficacy feelings, but mathematics ability was not. Reading ability was found to be the strongest predictor of the accuracy of students' self-assessment, with gender also showing a significant relationship.