Text in Afrikaans / Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Vigs is 'n "sluipende moordenaar "_ Dit toon geen respek vir kultuur, status,ouderdom of geslag nie. Vigs veroorsaak 'n onnnatuurlike dood wat vriende en familie bedreig en vervreem, lank na die dood van die vigsslagoffer. Die navorsingsdoel van hierdie studie was om riglyne daar te stel vir die psigoterapeutiese hantering van die vigslyer en sy gesin. Die navorsing het getoon dat 'n stigma en skuldgevoelens rondom die vigslyer en sy gesin ontstaan het, en dat hulle direk verantwoordelik gehou word vir die siekte bloot omdat hulle betrokke is by mekaar. 'n Vraelys wat aspekte (soos dit uit die literatuurstudie geblyk het) inkorporeer, is opgestel en aan die vigslyer en sy gesin gegee om te voltooi. Van die belangrikste elemente wat na vore gekom het, is die vrees vir die onbekende, die stigma verbonde aan die siekte en die pad wat die siekte loop ten opsigte van naiwiteit en valse gerugte ten opsigte van die siekte. 'n Verdere hoofstuk fokus op die literatuur om die hoofaspekte van die probleem vas le stel, en sodoende riglyne vir 'n terapieprogram daar te stel om die vrese te onderskep en die familie te help om die siekte beter te begryp_ Die doel is om die samelewing te laat begryp dat vigs nie 'n kulturele of "klas" siekte is nie, maar dat dit alle lae van die samelewing kan tref. 'n Afdeling is gewy aan 'n wye verskeidenheid terapeutiese tegnieke wat geimplimenteer kan word tydens hulpverlening aan die vigslyer en sy gesinslede. Verder verskaf hierdie studie ook riglyne om ondersteuning en hulp aan die vigslyer en sy gesin te bied, om sodoende hulle selfkonsep te verbeter. / Aids is a "stalking killer''. It has no respect for culture, breeding, age or sex. It is an unnatural death which offends and alienates many friends and family, even after the victim has died. A questionnaire incorporating important aspects of the cause and effect of aids was compiled and given to the aids sufferers and family to complete. From the responses it was clearly evident that the fears of the unknown, the stigma attached to the victim's close associates and family, was a problem, and the route course of incredible naive and false rumours. A chapter of the research focused on literature to establish what was the major aspects of the problem expressed by the media. Guidelines were provided whereby therapy could address and allay these fears to assist the family to better understand the illness and it's effects. This chapter has in mind to provide the Psychologist with guidelines to provide therapy to both the victim and the family in this regard. This study confirms that the survivors are the actual victims. / Educational studies / M.Ed. (Voorligting)

The aim of this research is to develop guidelines for a psycho-educational programme to enhance the self-actualisation of retired people. To do this, an investigation was undertaken to determine how to enhance self-actualisation during retirement, through an understanding of the: • phenomenon of retirement; • concept of self-actualisation; • challenges that hamper adjustment and self-actualisation during retirement; • factors which assist retirees in overcoming challenges and achieving self-actualisation; and • the role of psycho-educational programmes in enhancing self-actualisation during retirement. The literature study sought to promote such an understanding through the investigation of writings and research findings. The qualitative investigation attempted to provide a contextual understanding of the above, through an exploration of the retirement experiences of a selected group of retirees living in George (and surrounding area), South Africa. The findings served as the basis for guidelines for a psycho-educational programme to enhance the self-actualisation of retired people. / Psychology of Education / M.Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)

Labels are still used by professionals to describe differences and abnormalities in behaviour and academic skills. The label `learning disability' has advantages and disadvantages in terms of the different ways it is interpreted and experienced by society, teachers, parents and the child himself. The mother, as an important person in the child's life, has perceptions and experiences of the concept that she communicates to others. The perception and meaning that the mother attaches to the label impacts on her thoughts, words and behaviour and on the child himself. The aim of the study was to investigate the mother's perception, experience and handling of her child's label of learning disability. The research took the form of a qualitative analysis where data was collected using interviews. From the empirical study it would seem that the mother's interpretation, experience and involvement in the labeling of learning disability has an influence on the learner's perception of his learning disability and whether he internalized the label and behaves accordingly. Mothers need to be given enough information so as to develop realistic perceptions about learning disability to equip their children with the necessary skills to overcome their learning problems and so fulfil their places in society. / Educational Studies / M.Ed.(Guidance & Counselling)

Poverty, violence, unemployment, the high rate of HIV/Aids and a lack of resources are some of the issues the South African government is currently trying to address. Victims of crime and violence have special needs that require early intervention. Studies show that if left unattended, victims may show maladjustment in their social, marital and work environments; receiving assistance and support following victimisation therefore holds many benefits for the victim. The Victim Empowerment Programme (VEP) announced by government as part of the National Crime Prevention Strategy is meant to address these needs. The VEP is a comprehensive, multifaceted, intersectoral model that brings together integrated service delivery for victims of crime and violence. One of the mandates of the Department of Social Development as the lead department of the VEP is to provide services that empower and meet the needs of communities and individuals who are considered victims. This study seeks to justify why it is beneficial to use a participatory learning approach when designing and conducting „in-service‟ continuing professional development training courses for state-appointed social workers working within the field of victim empowerment (VE) in South Africa. It also advocates for the theoretical approaches of experiential problem-based learning and psychosocial empowerment, and discusses the use of a crossover of theories from the different disciplines of mainstream psychology, community psychology and social work. The vision of a new South Africa based on post-1994 ANC government policies is outlined and the history of the field of socio-economic development and community development is discussed. Mainstream psychology‟s contribution to community development, and the tenets of community psychology, participation and empowerment, are applied in the design of an „in-service‟ short course. The primary focus of the study is on the range of skills and abilities needed to initiate and maintain successful VE services. These include the following: skills in group process facilitation; skills in intersectoral collaboration (referral and networking) with other governmental departments and other healthcare professionals; knowing how to establish and maintain forums; an understanding of the principles and tools of participatory learning and action; skills required for designing, organising and presenting workshops; project management, and the monitoring and evaluation of VE projects. This study elucidates how critical the „in-service‟ training of VE social workers is within the new social development paradigm in South Africa, and offers key considerations and recommendations regarding future „in-service‟ training programmes/short courses for state-employed social workers involved in VE services. / Psychology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

This explorative study originated from the researcher’s personal encounters with “disappointment, regret and purposelessness” in retirement. The aim of this research study is thus exploring what the opposite of these negative sentiments, namely “successful” aging or "successful" adaptation to retirement could constitute and, most importantly, the role of FLOW therein. Initial indications are that FLOW could play a key role in “successful” retirement. Another focus has been to explore whether and how retirees with post-matric qualifications or training could redeploy their accumulated expertise in the post-retirement years. Various models of social entrepreneurship, ranging from voluntary work to paid work, were found to enhance successful adaptation to retirement, addressing society’s needs at the same time. In this qualitative research study, I have followed a case study approach, interviewing nine participants, whose results were analysed individually and then integrated in a comparative fashion to answer the research questions. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

Text in Afrikaans / Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Vigs is 'n "sluipende moordenaar "_ Dit toon geen respek vir kultuur, status,ouderdom of geslag nie. Vigs veroorsaak 'n onnnatuurlike dood wat vriende en familie bedreig en vervreem, lank na die dood van die vigsslagoffer. Die navorsingsdoel van hierdie studie was om riglyne daar te stel vir die psigoterapeutiese hantering van die vigslyer en sy gesin. Die navorsing het getoon dat 'n stigma en skuldgevoelens rondom die vigslyer en sy gesin ontstaan het, en dat hulle direk verantwoordelik gehou word vir die siekte bloot omdat hulle betrokke is by mekaar. 'n Vraelys wat aspekte (soos dit uit die literatuurstudie geblyk het) inkorporeer, is opgestel en aan die vigslyer en sy gesin gegee om te voltooi. Van die belangrikste elemente wat na vore gekom het, is die vrees vir die onbekende, die stigma verbonde aan die siekte en die pad wat die siekte loop ten opsigte van naiwiteit en valse gerugte ten opsigte van die siekte. 'n Verdere hoofstuk fokus op die literatuur om die hoofaspekte van die probleem vas le stel, en sodoende riglyne vir 'n terapieprogram daar te stel om die vrese te onderskep en die familie te help om die siekte beter te begryp_ Die doel is om die samelewing te laat begryp dat vigs nie 'n kulturele of "klas" siekte is nie, maar dat dit alle lae van die samelewing kan tref. 'n Afdeling is gewy aan 'n wye verskeidenheid terapeutiese tegnieke wat geimplimenteer kan word tydens hulpverlening aan die vigslyer en sy gesinslede. Verder verskaf hierdie studie ook riglyne om ondersteuning en hulp aan die vigslyer en sy gesin te bied, om sodoende hulle selfkonsep te verbeter. / Aids is a "stalking killer''. It has no respect for culture, breeding, age or sex. It is an unnatural death which offends and alienates many friends and family, even after the victim has died. A questionnaire incorporating important aspects of the cause and effect of aids was compiled and given to the aids sufferers and family to complete. From the responses it was clearly evident that the fears of the unknown, the stigma attached to the victim's close associates and family, was a problem, and the route course of incredible naive and false rumours. A chapter of the research focused on literature to establish what was the major aspects of the problem expressed by the media. Guidelines were provided whereby therapy could address and allay these fears to assist the family to better understand the illness and it's effects. This chapter has in mind to provide the Psychologist with guidelines to provide therapy to both the victim and the family in this regard. This study confirms that the survivors are the actual victims. / Educational studies / M.Ed. (Voorligting)

The aim of this research is to develop guidelines for a psycho-educational programme to enhance the self-actualisation of retired people. To do this, an investigation was undertaken to determine how to enhance self-actualisation during retirement, through an understanding of the: • phenomenon of retirement; • concept of self-actualisation; • challenges that hamper adjustment and self-actualisation during retirement; • factors which assist retirees in overcoming challenges and achieving self-actualisation; and • the role of psycho-educational programmes in enhancing self-actualisation during retirement. The literature study sought to promote such an understanding through the investigation of writings and research findings. The qualitative investigation attempted to provide a contextual understanding of the above, through an exploration of the retirement experiences of a selected group of retirees living in George (and surrounding area), South Africa. The findings served as the basis for guidelines for a psycho-educational programme to enhance the self-actualisation of retired people. / Psychology of Education / M.Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)

O sofrimento mental relacionado ao trabalho é um campo de estudos relativamente novo, que vem ganhando cada vez mais importância em virtude das sérias repercussões que o adoecimento mental mediatizado pelos processos laborativos traz para as sociedades. No caso específico dos trabalhadores do Poder Judiciário, tal condição ganha importância cada vez maior, visto que as psicopatologias se constituem a principal causa de afàstamento neste grupo de trabalhadores. A presente pesquisa objetivou identificar os efeitos da tecnologia que contribuem para o adoecimento mental nos trabalhadores do Poder Judiciário no Estado do Paraná. Foi investigado em que medida o trabalho, enquanto categoria analítica, age como catalisador dos desarranjos psiquiátricos nestes trabalhadores. O percurso metodológico escolhido consistiu em duas etapas, sendo a primeira pesquisa documental em relatórios estatisticos produzidos pelo Serviço de Saúde Ocupacional da instituição-alvo. Estes relatórios informam o total de trabalhadores afastados por motivos médicos por grupos de doenças, ordenados conforme a Classificação Internacional de Doenças - CID-lO - da Organização Mundial de Saúde. Analisaram-se os relatórios que trazem os afastamentos médicos motivados por Transtornos Mentais e Comportamentais (Capítulo V da CID-lO). Os dados compilados foram: "total de pessoas acometidas", "total de dias de afàstamento", e "transtorno mental e comportamental específico". De posse dos dados, procedeu-se análise acurada do histórico médico de magistrados e servidores escolhidos por critérios pré- definidos. Com isso foi possível identificar individuos que não possuíam histórico pregresso de patologias psiquiátricas anteriores ao ingresso na instituição. Posteriormente, foi aplicada entrevista semiestruturada a sujeitos previamente selecionados. Esta consistiu de perguntas objetivas e abertas, cujo objetivo foi identificar as possiveis relações entre o trabalho executado e o aparecimento de transtornos psiquicos. As respostas coletadas foram analisadas pela metodologia da Análise do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. A orientação epistemológica do presente estudo será a Psicodinâmica do Trabalho conforme proposta por Christophe Dejours, em sua interface com as relações de trabalho na atual sociedade capitalista. A pesquisa forneceu elementos de análise dos processos de sofrimento mental relacionado ao trabalho nesta categoria de profissionais, sinalizando que a adoção de novas tecnologias e as consequentes modificações nos processos de trabalho guardam relação com o adoecimento mental dos servidores da instituição analisada. Deste modo, aponta a necessidade da propositura de ações com vistas a minimizar potenciais danos à saúde mental de magistrados e servidores. / Mental suffering related to labour activities is a relatively new tleld of study which has gained increasing importance due to the serious implications that work-processed mental ilInesses bring to societies. In the specitlc case of the Judiciary workers, this condition becomes increasingly more and more important once the pathologies associated to the psychic system are the main cause of work leaves in this group of workers. This research aimed at identifying the effects of technology on mental illnesses in the workers of the Judiciary in the State of Paraná. It has been investigated to which extent the work, as an analytical category, accounts for psychiatric disorders in these workers. The methodological choices consisted of two stages, being the tirst a documentary research in the statistical reports produced by the Occupational HeaIth Service of the target institution. These reports show the total number of workers who asked for a work leave by disease groups organised according to the World Health Organization's Intemational Classitlcation of Diseases (ICD- IO). Reports of medicaI leaves motivated by Mental and Behavioral Disorders (Chapter V of ICD-IO) have been analyzed. The compiled data were: "total number of people affected", "total of days off work", and "specitlc mental and behavioral disorder". With such data, an accurate analysis of the medicaI history of magistrates and public servants chosen by pre-detined criteria was carried ou!. Thus, it was possible to identify individuaIs who did not have previous history of psychiatric pathologies prior to joining the institution. Subsequently, a semi-structured interview was applied to previously selected individuais. This consisted of objective and open questions, whose aim was to identify the possible relationships between the work performed and the development of psychic disorders. The collected responses were analyzed on the lenses of the Discourse Analysis of the Collective Subject methodology. The epistemological path of this research wilI be the Psychodynamics of Work interfaced with labor relations in the present capitalist society as proposed by Christophe Dejours. The research provided elements of analysis of the processes of mental suffering related to work in this category of professionals, pointing to the adoption of new technologies and the consequent changes in work processes that might be related to the mental illnesses of the public servants of the analysed institution. Therefore, it points out to the need of proposing actions with a view to minimizing potential damages to the mental health ofmagistrates and public servants.

O sofrimento mental relacionado ao trabalho é um campo de estudos relativamente novo, que vem ganhando cada vez mais importância em virtude das sérias repercussões que o adoecimento mental mediatizado pelos processos laborativos traz para as sociedades. No caso específico dos trabalhadores do Poder Judiciário, tal condição ganha importância cada vez maior, visto que as psicopatologias se constituem a principal causa de afàstamento neste grupo de trabalhadores. A presente pesquisa objetivou identificar os efeitos da tecnologia que contribuem para o adoecimento mental nos trabalhadores do Poder Judiciário no Estado do Paraná. Foi investigado em que medida o trabalho, enquanto categoria analítica, age como catalisador dos desarranjos psiquiátricos nestes trabalhadores. O percurso metodológico escolhido consistiu em duas etapas, sendo a primeira pesquisa documental em relatórios estatisticos produzidos pelo Serviço de Saúde Ocupacional da instituição-alvo. Estes relatórios informam o total de trabalhadores afastados por motivos médicos por grupos de doenças, ordenados conforme a Classificação Internacional de Doenças - CID-lO - da Organização Mundial de Saúde. Analisaram-se os relatórios que trazem os afastamentos médicos motivados por Transtornos Mentais e Comportamentais (Capítulo V da CID-lO). Os dados compilados foram: "total de pessoas acometidas", "total de dias de afàstamento", e "transtorno mental e comportamental específico". De posse dos dados, procedeu-se análise acurada do histórico médico de magistrados e servidores escolhidos por critérios pré- definidos. Com isso foi possível identificar individuos que não possuíam histórico pregresso de patologias psiquiátricas anteriores ao ingresso na instituição. Posteriormente, foi aplicada entrevista semiestruturada a sujeitos previamente selecionados. Esta consistiu de perguntas objetivas e abertas, cujo objetivo foi identificar as possiveis relações entre o trabalho executado e o aparecimento de transtornos psiquicos. As respostas coletadas foram analisadas pela metodologia da Análise do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. A orientação epistemológica do presente estudo será a Psicodinâmica do Trabalho conforme proposta por Christophe Dejours, em sua interface com as relações de trabalho na atual sociedade capitalista. A pesquisa forneceu elementos de análise dos processos de sofrimento mental relacionado ao trabalho nesta categoria de profissionais, sinalizando que a adoção de novas tecnologias e as consequentes modificações nos processos de trabalho guardam relação com o adoecimento mental dos servidores da instituição analisada. Deste modo, aponta a necessidade da propositura de ações com vistas a minimizar potenciais danos à saúde mental de magistrados e servidores. / Mental suffering related to labour activities is a relatively new tleld of study which has gained increasing importance due to the serious implications that work-processed mental ilInesses bring to societies. In the specitlc case of the Judiciary workers, this condition becomes increasingly more and more important once the pathologies associated to the psychic system are the main cause of work leaves in this group of workers. This research aimed at identifying the effects of technology on mental illnesses in the workers of the Judiciary in the State of Paraná. It has been investigated to which extent the work, as an analytical category, accounts for psychiatric disorders in these workers. The methodological choices consisted of two stages, being the tirst a documentary research in the statistical reports produced by the Occupational HeaIth Service of the target institution. These reports show the total number of workers who asked for a work leave by disease groups organised according to the World Health Organization's Intemational Classitlcation of Diseases (ICD- IO). Reports of medicaI leaves motivated by Mental and Behavioral Disorders (Chapter V of ICD-IO) have been analyzed. The compiled data were: "total number of people affected", "total of days off work", and "specitlc mental and behavioral disorder". With such data, an accurate analysis of the medicaI history of magistrates and public servants chosen by pre-detined criteria was carried ou!. Thus, it was possible to identify individuaIs who did not have previous history of psychiatric pathologies prior to joining the institution. Subsequently, a semi-structured interview was applied to previously selected individuais. This consisted of objective and open questions, whose aim was to identify the possible relationships between the work performed and the development of psychic disorders. The collected responses were analyzed on the lenses of the Discourse Analysis of the Collective Subject methodology. The epistemological path of this research wilI be the Psychodynamics of Work interfaced with labor relations in the present capitalist society as proposed by Christophe Dejours. The research provided elements of analysis of the processes of mental suffering related to work in this category of professionals, pointing to the adoption of new technologies and the consequent changes in work processes that might be related to the mental illnesses of the public servants of the analysed institution. Therefore, it points out to the need of proposing actions with a view to minimizing potential damages to the mental health ofmagistrates and public servants.

The "Dancing with Change" Programme (DWCP) is an ecosystemically informed substance abuse intervention programme that was developed by the participants and myself with the aim of building resilience towards substance abuse among youth. The DWCP was conducted in the school setting, with ten volunteer Grade 7 learners over a ten-week period for an hour a week. The learners' parents participated in an initial needs assessment and in a feedback session at the end of DWCP, together with the life skills teacher and headmaster who observed and contributed to the process. An independent observer, present at each session, served to increase the dependability and confirmability of the evaluation findings. The DWCP appeared to have achieved its goals as defined by the participants. The evaluation findings are presented as a guide for people working in the field of adolescent substance abuse that synthesises best practice and lessons learnt in the field. / Psychology / M.A.(Clinical Psychology)