摘 要 本研究旨在瞭解宜蘭縣國民中學校長正向領導、兼職行政教師工作壓力與幸福感之關係，並分析不同個人背景變項在校長正向領導、工作壓力與幸福感上的差異情形，進而探討校長正向領導、工作壓力與幸福感的相關性及校長正向領導、工作壓力對幸福感的預測力。透過問卷調查法，以宜蘭縣國民中學兼職行政教師為對象，共發出329份問卷，問卷內容包括背景變項、校長正向領導問卷、工作壓力問卷與幸福感問卷。回收有效問卷325份，可用率為100％。資料統計分析上使用描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關、多元逐步迴歸分析等方法。 本研究結論如下： 一、 宜蘭縣國民中學兼職行政教師在校長正向領導整體之感受為中上。 二、 宜蘭縣國民中學兼職行政教師在工作壓力整體之感受為中等。 三、 宜蘭縣國民中學兼職行政教師在幸福感整體之感受為中上。 四、 宜蘭縣國民中學兼職行政教師背景變項在校長正向領導、工作壓力與幸福感各層面感受有所差異。 五、 宜蘭縣國民中學兼職行政教師知覺校長正向領導、工作壓力與幸福感相關有所差異。 六、 宜蘭縣國民中學兼職行政教師知覺校長正向領導、兼職行政教師工作壓力對幸福感具有預測力。 最後，本研究根據以上結論，分別針對主管教育行政機關、學校單位及未來研究者提出建議。 關鍵詞：正向領導、兼職行政教師、工作壓力、幸福感 / The purpose of the study is to understand the relationship among principal’s positive leadership, work stress and sense of well-being of administrative teachers in Yilan County junior high schools, to analyze the difference among principal’s positive leadership, work stress and sense of well-being of varied personal backgrounds, and to further examine the relativity among principal’s positive leadership, work stress and sense of well-being and how significantly sense of well-being can be predicted via principal’s positive leadership and work stress. Questionnaire survey is adopted and personal background questionnaire, principal’s positive leadership questionnaire, work stress questionnaire and sense of well-being questionnaire are included. The questionnaires were distributed to 329 administrative teachers in Yilan County junior high schools, and 325 valid questionnaires were retrieved, with 100% of availability. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The overall degree of principal’s positive leadership among administrative teachers in Yilan County junior high schools was above the average. 2. The overall degree of work stress among administrative teachers in Yilan County junior high schools was at the average level. 3. The overall degree of sense of well-being among administrative teachers in Yilan County junior high schools was above the average. 4. The variables of personal background of administrative teachers in Yilan County junior high schools do influence the degree of their feeling of principal’s positive leadership, work stress and sense of well-being. 5. There are differences among administrative teachers’ awareness of principal’s positive leadership, work stress and sense of well-being. 6. Principal’s positive leadership and work stress perceived by administrative teachers in Yilan County junior high schools are predictive of perceived sense of well-being. Finally, based on the results, the study provided related suggestions to the educational and school authorities, school administrative teachers, and future researchers. Keywords: positive leadership, school administrative teachers, work stress, sense of well-being

本研究旨在探討新北市國小教師兼任行政人員角色壓力、幸福感與組織承諾之關係，並分析不同個人背景變項在角色壓力、幸福感與組織承諾上的差異情形，進而探討角色壓力、幸福感與組織承諾的相關性及角色壓力、幸福感對組織承諾的預測力。透過問卷調查法，以新北市國小教師兼任行政人員為對象，共發出576份問卷，問卷內容包括背景變項問卷、角色壓力問卷、幸福感問卷與組織承諾問卷。回收有效問卷518份，可用率為89.93％。資料統計分析上使用描述性統計、獨立樣本t 檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關、逐步多元迴歸分析等方法。 本研究結論如下： 一、新北市國小教師兼任行政人員在整體角色壓力之感受為中等，三層面 中以角色過度負荷感受最大，角色模糊感受最小。 二、新北市國小教師兼任行政人員在整體幸福感之感受為中上程度，四層 面中以樂觀表現感受最大，身心健康感受最小。 三、新北市國小教師兼任行政人員在整體組織承諾之感受相當高，三層面中以努力意願感受最大，留職傾向感受最小。 四、新北市國小教師兼任行政人員個人背景變項在角色壓力、幸福感與組織承諾各層面感受有所差異。 五、新北市國小教師兼任行政人員知覺角色壓力、幸福感與組織承諾相關 有所差異。 六、新北市國小教師兼任行政人員知覺角色壓力與幸福感中以「工作成就」對組織承諾最具預測力。 最後，本研究根據以上結論，分別針對教育行政機關、市立國小行政主管、教師兼任行政人員以及未來研究者提出建議。 關鍵詞：教師兼任行政人員、角色壓力、幸福感、組織承諾 / The purposes of the study are to explore the relationship among role pressure, sense of well-being and organizational commitment of administrative teachers in New Taipei City elementary schools, to analyze the difference among role pressure, sense of well-being and organizational commitment of varied personal backgrounds, and to further examine the relativity among role pressure, sense of well-being and organizational commitment and how significantly organizational commitment can be predicted via role pressure and sense of well-being. Questionnaire survey is adopted and personal background questionnaire, role pressure questionnaire, well-being questionnaire and organizational commitment questionnaire are included. The questionnaires were distributed to 576 administrative teachers in New Taipei City elementary schools, and 518 valid questionnaires were retrieved, with 89.93% of availability. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The overall degree of role stress among administrative teachers in New Taipei City elementary schools was at the average level, with the feeling of ‘role overload’ the highest, and the feeling of ‘role ambiguity’ the lowest. 2. The overall degree of sense of well-being among administrative teachers in New Taipei City elementary schools was above the average, with the feeling of ‘positive preference’ the highest, and the feeling of ‘mental and physical health’ the lowest. 3. The overall degree of organizational commitment among administrative teachers in New Taipei City elementary schools was very high, with the feeling of ‘hardworking intention’ the highest, and the feeling of ‘tendency to retain the job’ the lowest. 4. The variables of personal background of administrative teachers in New Taipei City elementary schools do influence the degree of their feelings of role stress, sense of well-being and organizational commitment. 5. There are differences among administrative teachers’ awareness of role pressure, sense of well-being and organizational commitment. 6. ‘Working achievement’ is the most reliable predictor to the organizational commitment of administrative teachers. Finally, based on the above-mentioned results, the study would be provided assuggestions for the educational authorities concerned, New Taipei City municipal elementary school administrators, administrative teachers and future researchers. Key words: administrative teachers, role stress, sense of well-being, organizational commitment

With the advent of knowledge-intensive economies, plus the ever-accelerating development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), organisational knowledge has become the key driver of an organisation's value and ultimately, an important source of an organisation's sustainable competitive edge. Thus, numerous organisations have started to invest heavily in establishing knowledge management systems (KMSs). Subsequently, they wish to access knowledge from individuals in order to enhance their acquisition of knowledge and ultimately transform this into organisational knowledge. Even though existing research studies have evidenced extensively the intrinsic and extrinsic motivators of individuals' knowledge-sharing behaviour in organisations from diverse perspectives (e.g. organisational behaviour, sociology and psychology), individuals still seem inclined to hoard their knowledge, rather than share it with others in organisations. To this end, this research aims to investigate and identify essential elements related to individuals' knowledge-sharing behaviour within the complex context of the virtual organisation of Taiwanese Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs), comprising the whole system of Taiwanese Farmers' Associations, by integrating multilevel perspectives of individuals in organisations (the micro-level), workplace networks in organisations (the meso-level) and organisational culture (the macro-level).