James Erith, a freeholder of the country of Kent, was one of the “1820 Settlers" who emigrated to the Cape and were settled mainly in the Zuurveld in the present district of Albany. This investigation was prompted by the fact that though he was by no means the settler to suffer misfortune and injustice, he was the only proprietor of a small party who eventually secured compensation. The case was the case of James Erith but the initiative and persistence was that of his wife, Jane Erith, who made in all five voyages spread over twelve years, before she secured some at least of the ends she sought and the family settled in Cape Town. The Eriths fought their case with the respective Colonial Offices for twelve years in all, and in the case of the Colonial Office, London, confronted no less than four Secretaries of State in five successive Cabinets. In the course of their struggle the Eriths received (a) the balance of their deposit; (b) cash compensation for cattle stolen by the Xhosa, and in the fina1 arbitration in 1832 the sum of £500 cash. James Erith, master baker, remains a rather shadowy figure, sharp-sighted to his own interest, querulous and not very effective. The triumph of 1832 was in the main the triumph of Jane, his wife, an amateur and robust Portia. Shrewd, tenacious, deft in argument this importunate woman knew how to stand her ground; there can have been few women who secured passage on a naval vessel and then allowed the Admiralty to submit its account to the Colonial Office. How the Eriths subsisted between their eviction from Waaye Plaats in 1823 and the arbitration award of 1832, has not been established. On occasion in London Mrs. Erith stayed with the Rev. R. Stewarts, Rutland House, Black Heath Road in Greenwich: in Cape Town it is believed that Erith plied his old trade. When he died there, in 1869 at the age of seventy nine, he left a house and three cottages to his daughter Ellen: mortgaged property in the district of Caledon, to his son-in-law George Budge : a house and three mortgaged properties in Simon’s Town to his daughter Anne Budge. He left an income of £24 per annum to his daughter Jane Moodie, widow of the late John Powell. The records used in this study, in addition to those printed in Theal, were the series C.O. 48 from the Public Record Office, London, now available on microfilm in the Cory Library at Rhodes University and records of the District of Albany in the Archives, Cape Town. The investigation has, it is thought, thrown new light on the background to the emigration scheme of 1819, on the mishandling of the Settlers in the Zuurveld after their arrival in the Cape, and on the punctilious attention to detail given by the Colonial Office, London. While it is true that the interests of the Eriths were probably smothered in the Tory endeavour to damp down the attack on Somerset in l826-1827, the Secretaries of State are by no means discredited by this analysis. It sasys much for any pattern of administration that in the thick of the Reform Bill crisis, the efforts of a single obscure member of Parliament, Mr. J O Briscoe, could secure a final arbitration award.

South Africa and Zimbabwe are both well endowed with mineral resources. Both countries share a history of colonization by white settlers with Zimbabwe getting its independence in 1980, followed by South Africa in 1994. Like most countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, they rely on their natural resources for sustenance. In their case, the mining industry has therefore contributed significantly to their development. This study has illustrated the different mineral legislation and regulatory mechanisms in place for managing this important sector. In addition, to its mining and mineral legislation, South Africa has developed the Mining Charter and its associated regulations, to regulate its mining industry. A comparative analysis of the mineral rights and tenure has been in the two jurisdictions has been made. Zimbabwe’s mineral regime has been found to be lagging behind not only South Africa, but to most of the region’s regimes. Issues of adhering to the rule of law and respecting international laws and covenants have been highlighted especially in the case of Zimbabwe. Black economic empowerment programmes in the two countries were discussed, with Zimbabwe again coming short. Recommendations for Zimbabwe following South Africa’s example were proffered. The same applies to environmental issues and sustainable development, Zimbabwe need to follow a more coherent path. Harmonisation of mineral regimes within the SADC region was recommended. Further recommendations to achieve this goal were put forward. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted

Now a days there is a world wide concern about the environment and this subject has affected all countries. However the commitment among the countries is not the same. The exploration of natural resources without rationality results in an environmental disaster, compromising the future of generations to come. Slashing the forest is a habit of the modern mankind that is the prejudicial not only to himself but also to other animals on earth. The settlers especially those from the Land Reform Program, organize themselves to preserve the environment after receiving the land. This study was focused in an investigation to understand the environmental knowledge of settlers from Darci Ribera s Project, located at Itaporanga County, to verify in loco, how they explain and organize themselves, in order to preserve the environment to reach a sustainable development. The work was based on theoretical concepts shown by Leff, Diegues and others thinkers, and was based on semi structured interviews, applications forms, and by observations of the day by day of settlers. The results obtained showed that settlers have a great amount of environmental knowledge, based in a potential of conservation and preservation, which has been passed from generation to generation, in how to use native vegetation not only as human food, but also as medicines, called by them jungle medicines . It was also pointed out, their productive capacity in order to provide surviving products, with a potential for the internal market, in order to promote a sustainable development. . / Na atualidade mundial a questão ambiental tem sido o assunto que tem afetado todos os países muito embora essa preocupação não se tenha por igual responsabilidade. A exploração dos recursos naturais provocando o desequilíbrio ambiental é a razão de ser das preocupações com o futuro da vida no Planeta e o desmatamento é a prática cultural do homem moderno mais nociva para a sua própria existência e dos demais seres bióticos. Os assentados, em particular aquele em Projetos de Assentamento da Reforma Agrária tem se organizado para conservar e ou preservar o meio ambiente após o recebimento da terra. O presente estudo teve como foco principal de investigação compreender os saberes ambientais dos assentados no Projeto de Assentamento Darci Ribeiro, localizado no município de Itaporanga D Ajuda/SE, na perspectiva de verificar in loco as formas explicativas da sua organização em relação com o meio ambiente e sua lógica de conservação e preservação de modo a promover o desenvolvimento sustentável. Para a concretização, o lume teórico revelado por Leff, Diegues e outros pensadores no assunto que direcionaram os rumos das investigações. Para tanto, foram realizadas por entrevistas semi-estruturadas, aplicação de questionários e da observação do cotidiano dos assentados. Os resultados alcançados revelaram que os assentados possuem um saber ambiental com base num potencial de preservação e conservação dos saberes adquiridos de geração a geração referente, em essência, ao uso da vegetação nativa tanto na alimentação humana como no uso e consumo de remédios ou remédios do mato , como dizem os assentados. Ressalta-se ainda sua capacidade produtiva como fonte abastecedora de produtos para a sua sobrevivência e em potencial para o mercado interno, promovendo o desenvolvimento sustentável.

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo, determinar la influencia de la participación eficaz del sector defensa, ante la ocurrencia del fenómeno del niño costero, en la atención a la población del distrito de Santa Eulalia. Respecto a los aspectos metodológicos del trabajo, el tipo de investigación fue el aplicado y el nivel explicativo. La población estuvo conformada por los 11,800 pobladores del distrito de Santa Eulalia. La muestra estuvo conformada por 373 pobladores del distrito de Santa Eulalia, a los cuales se les aplicó el instrumento que constó de 18 preguntas, utilizando la escala de likert con alternativas de respuesta múltiple. Se procedió a analizar los resultados, luego se realizó la contrastación de hipótesis, utilizando la prueba estadística conocida como coeficiente de correlación de SPEARMAN, debido a que las variables de estudio son cualitativas. Finalmente, se pudo determinar que la participación eficaz del sector defensa ante la ocurrencia del fenómeno del niño costero influye significativamente en la atención a la población de Santa Eulalia. / The objective of this research was to determine the influence of the effective participation of the defense sector, in the face of the occurrence of the phenomenon of the coastal child, in the attention to the population of Santa Eulalia. Regarding the methodological aspects of the work, the type of research was the applied and the explanatory level. The population was conformed by the 11,800 settlers of the district of Santa Eulalia. The sample was conformed by 373 settlers of the district of Santa Eulalia, To which the instrument was applied that consisted of 18 questions, using the scale of likert with alternatives of multiple answer. We proceeded to analyze the results, then we tested the hypothesis, using the statistical test known as the SPEARMAN correlation coefficient, because the study variables are qualitative. Finally, it was possible to determine that the effective participation of the defense sector in the face of the occurrence of the phenomenon of the coastal child significantly influences the attention to the population of Santa Eulalia. / Trabajo de investigación

Magister Educationis - MEd / The aim of this study is to investigate ·and outline the importance and significance of Arabic in the South African context. The study investigates inter alia the part played by the early Muslim settlers, political exiles and the pioneers who made possible the preservation of Islamic faith and culture. This study demonstrates that the period from 1652 to date had been a period of considerable development, expansion and _enlightenment of Arabic. The study revealed inter alia that only Indian schools under the Department of Indian Affairs (now Department of Education and Culture) offered Arabic which fully satisfied the Muslim Community's demands. 1975 marks the beginning of Arabic as a language in Indian secondary schools. The Muslim pupil is given the basic grounding in the understanding of both the Quran and the Hadith. Some suggestions regarding aspects of an effective didactic approach concludes this presentation.

This thesis deals with the impact of the activity of settlement movement Gush Emunim on the internal and external security of the state Israel. The theory of the authors Gabriel Almond, Emmanuel Sivan and R. Scott Appleby is applied. According to this theory it is possible the settlement movement to identify as the movement trying to change the majority society by its activities in the way that the society would act in favour of the goals of the movement. The means, which Gush Emunim tries to reach its goal, are identify by the application of the theory. After that these means are analysed form the point of their impact on the internal and external security of Israel.

This thesis assesses sanitation realities experienced by peri-urban slum dwellers in Chennai, India, to investigate whether rapid economic growth translates into pervasive safe sanitation, otherwise a threat to human security. This is in line with the Sustainable Development Goals of ‘leaving no one behind’. The empirical methodology consists of qualitative comparative case studies approached through rapid appraisal. At least 5 interviews at each of the 10 different slum settlement locations within the Chennai Metropolitan area were conducted. Both the locations and the settlers were conveniently sampled. The settlements were chosen as they mostly lay in a rapidly urbanizing area. The selection of interviewee was determined by availability, yet leaning towards women who are more vulnerable when lacking safe sanitation facilities, and who are the primary caregivers in the household. The research found that out of the 10 settlements visited, 5 habitually practiced open defecation, as no sanitation facilities were available. Hence some settlers were restricted in their freedom to be safe from emotional or physical harm: threatened by dangerous pathogens released into the environment, and insecurities due to lack of privacy. Conceptually the thesis applies an understanding of how affecting influences in individual history and living environment impact upon an individual’s conscious mind, connecting the capability approach to consciousness research. The thesis argues how settlers, overlooked by public services, and subjected to the dangerous and humiliating practice of open defecation, are faced with mental health issues and a diminished likelihood to productively engage, and exercise agency for human growth.

No description available.

Settlers of the Marsh est un roman migrant et un récit d'édification nationale. Niels Lindstedt, le protagoniste, est un jeune Suédois immigré au Canada, qui, pendant une longue période de temps, subit un processus de transformation qui aboutit par une Canadianisation totale. Son expérience d'immigrant est déchirante et le prix qu'il doit payer est très élevé. Le déracinement de Niels dû à sa migration et son enracinement ultérieur au Canada font l'objet d'un récit détaillé. L'histoire de Niels est, jusqu'à un certain point, une preuve de l'investissement de l'auteur lui-même dans le Canada. Le texte foisonne des échos de la vie de Frederick Philip Grove et de ses sympathies développées lors de son travail pour le compte des nouveaux arrivants non-Britanniques. Ces échos façonnent la perception qu'a Niels de son nouveau milieu environnant. En séparant les faits de la fiction, on peut remarquer que l'histoire de Niels est racontée alternativement par les avatars assumés ou cachés de Grove. Ces différentes voix créent des significations inattendues pour les lecteurs d'aujourd'hui, tout en révélant les efforts de Grove de médier entre les anciens et les nouveaux Canadiens dans les années 1920. Un roman complexe aux messages codifiés, Settlers of the Marsh parle, au nom des immigrants, de leur but ultime: le besoin de se trouver leur propre petit monde. / Settlers of the Marsh is an immigrant novel and a nation-building story. Niels Lindstedt. the protagonist, is a newcomer to Canada who, over an extended period of time, goes through a process of transformation that culminates in his complete Canadianization. His immigrant experience is heartbreaking and the price he pays very high. Niels's uprooting from Sweden and his subsequent rerooting in Canada is recorded by the narrator in detail. Niels's story is, to a certain degree, a testimony to the author's investment in Canada. Frederick Philip Grove's life story and his sympathies developed during his work experience on behalf of the non-British newcomers to Canada resonate throughout the text and shape Niels Lindstedt's perception of his new surroundings. Separating fact from fiction, one is able to see that Niels's story is told alternately by Grove's assumed and concealed personae. These different voices create unexpected meanings for today's readers, revealing Grove's efforts to mediate between old and new Canadians in the 1920s. A complex novel, with encoded messages, Settlers of the Marsh speaks, on behalf of immigrants, of their ultimate goal: the need to find one's own little world.

In 1959, the late Miss M.G. Masson of Salem, at the instigation of Mrs. Dorothy Rivett-Carnac, presented a bundle of Gush family papers to the Cory Library. Among these papers was a series of letters written by Hannah Dennison, who came to South Africa in 1820, as a member of Carton's party from Nottinghamshire. This thesis offers a transcription of the letters together with editorial comment, and the letters from the main source for a reconstruction of the life and attitudes of a most enterprising woman.