Laser beams with precisely controlled intensity profiles are essential for many areas. We developed a beam shaping system based on the digital micromirror device (DMD) for ultra-cold atom experiments and other potential applications. The binary DMD pattern was first designed by the error diffusion algorithm based on an accurate measurement of the quasi-Gaussian incident beam from a real-world laser. The DMD pattern was projected to the image plane by a bandwidth-limited 4f telescope that converted this pattern to the grayscale image. The system bandwidth determined the theoretical limit of image precision by the digitization error. In addition, it controlled the spatial shape of the point spread function (PSF) that reflected the tradeoff between image precision and spatial resolution. PSF was used as a non-orthogonal basis set for iterative pattern refinement to seek the best possible system performance. This feedback process, along with stable performance of DMD, the blue-noise spectrum of the error diffusion algorithm, and low-pass filtering, guaranteed high-precision beam shaping performance. This system was used to produce various beam profiles for different spatial frequency spectra. First, we demonstrated high-precision slowly-varying intensity beam profiles with an unprecedented high intensity accuracy. For flattop and linearly-tilted flattop beams, we achieved 0.20-0.34% root-mean-square (RMS) error over the entire measurement region. Second, two-dimensional sinusoidal-flattop beams were used to evaluate image precision versus system bandwidth. System evaluation confirmed that this system was capable of producing any spatial pattern with <3% RMS error for the most system bandwidth. This experiment extended the beam shaping to any system bandwidth and provided a reference to estimate the output image quality based on its spatial spectrum. Later experiment using a Lena-flattop beam profile demonstrated the arbitrary beam profile generation. We implemented this system for applications on the homogenous optical lattice and dynamic optical trap generation. The DMD pattern was optimized by the iterative refinement process at the image feedback arm, and projected through a two-stage imaging system to form the desired beam profile at the working plane. Experiments demonstrated a high-precision beam shaping as well as a fast and dynamic control of the generated beam profile. / text

ITC/USA 2014 Conference Proceedings / The Fiftieth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 20-23, 2014 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CA / Network loads close to Ethernet wire speed and latency sensitive data in a Flight Test Instrumentation (FTI) system, represent challenging requirements for FTI network equipment. Loss of data due to network congestion, overflow on the end nodes, as well as packet latency above a few hundred microseconds, can be critical during a flight test. To avoid these problems, several advanced packet filtering and network optimization functions are required in order to achieve best possible performance and thus avoid loss of data. This paper gives insight into how to properly engineer an Ethernet based FTI network and how to use advanced Ethernet switch techniques such as Quality of Service (QoS) and rate shaping.

Oversampled digital-to-analog converters typically employ an array of unit elements to drive out the analog signal. Manufacturing defects can create errors due to mismatch between the unit elements, leading to a sharp reduction in the effective dynamic range through the converter. Mismatch noise shaping is an established technique for alleviating these effects, but usually anchors the signal band to a fixed frequency location. In order to extend these advantages to tunable applications, this work explores a series of techniques that allow the suppression band of the mismatch noise shaping function to have an adjustable center frequency. The proposed techniques are implemented in hardware and evaluated according to mismatch shaping performance, latency and hardware complexity. / text

Magistro darbo tikslas – ištirti organizacijos kultūros formavimo aspektus Šiaulių miesto gimnazijose, panaudojant Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI), sukurtą K. S. Cameron ir R. E. Quinn. Darbe išanalizuoti ir susisteminti įvairių Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių darbai ir tyrimai organizacijos kultūros formavimo bei keitimo klausimais. Buvo pastebėta, kad organizacijos kultūra turi ypatingą reikšmę organizacijai, jos veiklos efektyvumui, strategijai, įvaizdžio formavimui. Taip pat pabrėžtinas ypatingas vadovo vaidmuo organizacijos kultūros formavimo bei keitimo procese. Ištyrus Šiaulių miesto gimnazijų vadovų bei darbuotojų nuostatas apie organizacijose dominuojantį kultūros tipą, autorės suformuluota primoji hipotezė pasitvirtino iš dalies: visose gimnazijose be klano kultūros pastebimas ir kitų kultūrų dominavimas; antroji hipotezė pasitvirtino: pastebimas visų vadovų pritarimas adhokratinei kultūrai ateityje. / The aim of this paper is to analyze the aspects of shaping organizational culture in Šiauliai gymnasiums using Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI), developed by K. S. Cameron and R. E. Quinn. Works and researches of Lithuanian and foreign authors on the issues of shaping and changing organizational culture have been analyzed and systematized. It should be noted, that organizational culture has a special influence on organization, its performance and effectiveness, strategy, and image formation. Also, a specific role of leaders in the process of shaping and changing organizational culture should be emphasized. Having accomplished attitudes of Šiauliai gymnasiums leaders and personnel towards dominant type of culture in the organizations the first hypothesis has been proved partly: apart from clan culture dominance of other types has also been noted; the second hypothesis has been proved: all leaders approve of adhocracy in the future.

In this thesis is initiated a more systematic geometric exploration of energy shaping. Most of the previous results have been dealt wih particular cases and neither the existence nor the space of solutions has been discussed with any degree of generality. The geometric theory of partial differential equations originated by Goldschmidt and Spencer in late 1960s is utilized to analyze the partial differential equations in energy shaping. The energy shaping partial differential equations are described as a fibered submanifold of a $ k $-jet bundle of a fibered manifold. By revealing the nature of kinetic energy shaping, similarities are noticed between the problem of kinetic energy shaping and some well-known problems in Riemannian geometry. In particular, there is a strong similarity between kinetic energy shaping and the problem of finding a metric connection initiated by Eisenhart and Veblen. We notice that the necessary conditions for the set of so-called $ \lambda $-equation restricted to the control distribution are related to the Ricci identity, similarly to the Eisenhart and Veblen metric connection problem. Finally, the set of $ \lambda $-equations for kinetic energy shaping are coupled with the integrability results of potential energy shaping. The procedure shows how a poor design of closed-loop metric can make it impossible to achieve any flexibility in the character of the possible closed-loop potential function. The integrability results of this thesis have been used to answer some interesting questions about the energy shaping. In particular, a geometric proof is provided which shows that linear controllability is sufficient for energy shaping of linear simple mechanical systems. Furthermore, it is shown that all linearly controllable mechanical control systems with one degree of underactuation can be stabilized using energy shaping feedback. The result is geometric and completely characterizes the energy shaping problem for these systems. Using the geometric approach of this thesis, some new open problems in energy shaping are formulated. In particular, we give ideas for relating the kinetic energy shaping problem to a problem on holonomy groups. Moreover, we suggest that the so-called Fakras lemma might be used for investigating the stabilization condition of energy shaping. / Thesis (Ph.D, Mathematics & Statistics) -- Queen's University, 2009-09-02 12:12:55.051

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a software-administered shaping procedure in guiding English monolinguals to acquire accurate Mandarin pronunciation. A single-subject reversal ABAB design was used to evaluate treatment effects. A purposely-developed algorithm generated an accuracy score defined as the similarity between a participant’s utterance and the target pronunciation. The shaping procedure provided performance-dependent reinforcement, while the control condition provided performance-independent reinforcement at a density yoked to the shaping procedure. A no-feedback condition assessed spontaneous language learning ability prior to treatment. Data were evaluated via visual analysis and complemented with effect size analyses and repeated-measures ANOVAs. There were no overall treatment effects. However, three individuals demonstrated a statistically significant difference between treatment and control. A follow-up study compared shaping to no feedback using a simplified procedure and simpler stimuli. A multiple-baseline design was used. The results showed no treatment effects. Possible contributing factors and directions for future research are discussed.

Quantum information and quantum computation are linked by a common mathematical and physical framework of quantum mechanics. The manipulation of the predicted dynamics and its optimization is known as quantum control. Many techniques, originating in the study of nuclear magnetic resonance, have found common usage in methods for processing quantum information and steering physical systems into desired states. This thesis expands on these techniques, with careful attention to the regime where competing effects in the dynamics are present, and no semi-classical picture exists where one effect dominates over the others. That is, the transition between the diabatic and adiabatic error regimes is examined, with the use of such techniques as time-dependent diagonalization, interaction frames, average-Hamiltonian expansion, and numerical optimization with multiple time-dependences. The results are applied specifically to superconducting systems, but are general and improve on existing methods with regard to selectivity and crosstalk problems, filtering of modulation of resonance between qubits, leakage to non-compuational states, multi-photon virtual transitions, and the strong driving limit.

Most horse owners administer oral deworming medication to their horses on a set schedule, often six times per year. The deworming process involves using a plastic syringe to inject a thick paste into the horse's mouth. Most horse owners do not specifically train their horses to accept this procedure. Consequently, many horses resist the procedure and some horses engage in behaviors, such as head shaking, pulling away, or even rearing, that may be dangerous to humans or to themselves. This study used a negative reinforcement shaping procedure to train six horses to accept dewormer medication. The procedure consisted of a food sampling phase followed by three shaping phases that simulated the deworming task, first using only the experimenter's hand, then a small syringe, and finally a large syringe. Once the horse was acclimated to the syringe, the horse's preferred liquid food was delivered through the syringe at the end of each trial. By the end of the study, all participants successfully completed the procedure and were able to stand still with no or minimal head movements while being dewormed.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:10:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO ALINE SILVA EDUCACAO.pdf: 540626 bytes, checksum: f5800a790135f3ed679237b84b43c211 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-07 / This dissertation is in line of research on culture and educational processes and discusses the meaning of myth in the formation of the Greek man. The myths are present in Ancient Greece becoming part of a whole generation trainer from Homer to the Classical period. From stamp essentially bibliographic, theoretical in the Greek sense of the term, this work shows the way of the warrior because of Homeric times to the desired political result democratic polis, the myths deeply marked the mentality and training of the Greek man. Later they appear in the theater tragedy and comedy. In comedy the political problems are put into play, leading the public to reflect on the key issues of public and private life in the polis of Athens. The philosophy begins the questioning of social life that constitutes the emergence of the polis. It is as logical discourse, and rational statement that examines the reality and directs the mind to the world of unchanging essence. Deeply connected to culture and traditions of the Greek people, and argue with the myth always open the possibility of understanding the whole of existence in the individual and collective plans. The myths are socially constructed paradigms that have the kind of man you want to make every moment in Greek society. In the golden period of philosophy in the fifth century BC, Plato, to the myth of education as an example uncontested, demonstrates his paideia, the formation of autonomous man in the conquest of immutable values of the spirit which leads the man to justice and the city and the greater Good . Hence the meaning and the need to strengthen the link with tradition, with customs, myths and rituals of our culture at any time and at all times including the process of training beyond the mere human and impoverished schooling as something that raises the man and the world city of the perennial values of the spirit that makes us better quality, and virtuous people / Esta dissertação insere-se na linha de pesquisa Cultura e processos educacionais e discute o sentido do mito na formação do homem grego. Os mitos estão presentes na Grécia Antiga tornando-se elemento formador de toda uma geração desde Homero ao período clássico. De cunho essencialmente bibliográfico, teórico no sentido grego do termo, este trabalho mostra a forma com que, da virtude guerreira dos tempos homéricos à virtude política almejada na pólis democrática, os mitos marcaram profundamente a mentalidade e a formação do homem grego. Posteriormente eles são apresentados pelo teatro na tragédia e na comédia. Na comédia os problemas políticos são postos em cena, conduzindo o cidadão à reflexão sobre as questões essenciais da vida pública e privada na pólis de Atenas. A filosofia nasce do questionamento da vida social que se constituíra com o surgimento da pólis. Impõe-se como discurso lógico, racional e demonstrativo que examina a realidade e direciona o pensamento para o mundo imutável da essência. Profundamente ligada à cultura e as tradições do povo grego, dialoga com o mito na possibilidade sempre aberta de compreensão da totalidade da existência nos planos individual e coletivo. Os mitos são paradigmas socialmente construídos que apresentam o tipo de homem que se deseja formar em cada momento na sociedade grega. No período áureo da filosofia no século V a.C, Platão, retomando o mito como exemplo incontestável de educação, demonstra sua paideía, a formação do homem autônomo na conquista dos valores imutáveis do espírito, que conduz o homem e a cidade à justiça e ao Bem maior. Daí o sentido e a necessidade de se fortalecer o vínculo com a tradição, com os costumes, mitos e ritos de nossa cultura em qualquer tempo e em todos os momentos compreendendo o processo de formação humana para além da mera e empobrecida escolarização como algo que eleva o homem e a cidade ao mundo perene dos valores do espírito que nos torna qualitativamente melhores, virtuosos e humanos

Quality of Service is major factor for a successful business in modern and future network services. A minimum level of services is assured indulging quality of Experience for modern real time communication introducing user satisfaction with perceived service quality. Traffic engineering can be applied to provide better services to maintain or enhance user satisfaction through reactive and preventive traffic control mechanisms. Preventive traffic control can be more effective to manage the network resources through admission control, scheduling, policing and traffic shaping mechanisms maintaining a minimum level before it get worse and affect user perception. Accuracy, dynamicity, uniformity and reproducibility are objectives of vast research in network traffic. Real time tests, simulation and network emulation are applied to test uniformity, accuracy, reproducibility and dynamicity. Network Emulation is performed over experimental network to test real time application, protocol and traffic parameters. DummyNet is a network emulator and traffic shaper which allows nondeterministic placement of packet losses, delays and bandwidth changes. KauNet shaper is a network emulator which creates traffic patterns and applies these patterns for exact deterministic placement of bit-errors, packet losses, delay changes and bandwidth changes. An evaluation of KauNet with different patterns for packet losses, delay changes and bandwidth changes on emulated environment is part of this work. The main motivation for this work is to check the possibility to delay and drop the packets of a transfer/session in the same way as it has happened before (during the observation period). This goal is achieved to some extent using KauNet but some issues with pattern repetitions are still needed to be solved to get better results. The idea of history and trace-based traffic shaping using KauNet is given to make this possibility a reality.