Remote sensing has been widely used in disaster management. However, application of optical imageries in damage detection is not always feasible for immediate damage assessment. In the case of the Sichuan earthquake in 2008, the damaged areas were covered by cloud and fog for most of the time. The all weather SAR imageries could instead provide information of the damaged area. Therefore, more efforts are needed to explore the usability of SAR data. In regards to this purpose, this research focuses on studying the ability of using various SAR data in damage identification through image classification, and furthermore the effectiveness of fusion of various sensors in classification is evaluated.   Three different types of SAR imagery were acquired over the heavily damaged zone Qushan town in the Sichuan earthquake. The 3 types of SAR data are ALOS PALSAR L-band, RADARSAT-1 C-band and the TerraSAR-X X- band imageries.   Maximum likelihood classification method is applied on the imageries.  Four classes: Water, collapsed area, built-up area and landslide area are defined in the study area. The ability of each band in identifying these four classes is studied and the overall classification accuracy is analysed. Furthermore, fusion of these 3 types of imageries is performed and the effectiveness and accuracy of image fusion classification are evaluated.   The results show that classification accuracy from individual SAR imagery is not ideal. The overall accuracy which PALSAR gives is 30.383%, RADARSAT-1 is 31.268% while TerraSAR-X only achieves 37.168%. Accuracy statistics demonstrate that TerraSAR-X performs the best in classifying these four classes.   SAR image fusion shows a better classification result. Double image fusion of PALSAR and RADARSAT-1, PALSAR and TerraSAR-X, and RADARSAT-1 and TerraSAR-X give an overall classification accuracy of 41.88%, 42.478% and 37.758% respectively. The result from triple image fusion even reaches 52.507%. They are all higher than the result given by the individual images.   The study illustrates that the VHR TerraSAR X band SAR data has a higher ability in classification of damages, and fusion of different band can improve the classification accuracy.

代麗鵑. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 251-276) / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Dai Lijuan.

本文对以宋代为主要时段的四川南部进行了长时段的研究，梳理了当地开发和中原王朝经营的过程，并揭示了该地区族群格局在这五百年中的巨大变革、土著族群如何应对中原王朝势力的影响及其经济贸易的发展。揭示了帝国扩张、贸易网络、经济演进对川南社会的具体影响。在中原王朝经济、军事和制度各方面的作用下，川南地区的土著族群逐步失去独立经济基础和有生战斗力量，其固有的社会关系和族群认同发生变化，逐渐分化和离散，终在明末成为中原王朝统治下的百姓，川南地区也成为明帝国的化内疆土。 / Focusing on the period of Song Dynasty, the thesis uncovers how the central empire controlled this area and the great revolution of the ethnic structure in Southern Sichuan area, and how the indigenous reacted. Including the imperial expansion, trade network and the economic development, how the local society was changed. On the effect of economy, military force and statecraft, the indigenous of Southern Sichuan gradually lost the primary economic base and army force, and the original human connections and the ethnic identities have been changed. At the same time internal division and detachment appeared. Finally, the indigenous of Southern Sichuan came to be the citizen of the central empire, and the area changed to a huanei area. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 石穎. / "2012年10月". / "2012 nian 10 yue". / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-89). / Abstract in Chinese and English. / Shi Ying. / 绪论 --- p.6 / Chapter 第一章 --- 历史地理与建制沿革 --- p.13 / Chapter 第一节 --- 川南之南 --- p.13 / Chapter 一、 --- 山川形势 --- p.13 / Chapter 二、 --- 交通 --- p.14 / Chapter 三、 --- 盐矿 --- p.17 / Chapter 第二节 --- 川南建制 --- p.19 / Chapter 第三节 --- 族群格局与地方开发 --- p.26 / 本章小结 --- p.30 / Chapter 第二章 --- 食盐与族群格局：淯井开发与争夺 --- p.30 / Chapter 第一节 --- 淯井争夺与原有族群格局的扰动 --- p.30 / Chapter 一、 --- 唐五代时期的淯井及其族群格局 --- p.30 / Chapter 二、 --- 宋朝对淯井地区的掌控及“淯井监夷人之叛 --- p.33 / Chapter 第二节 --- “乌蛮的显现与族群格局的重建 --- p.35 / Chapter 第三节 --- 元丰之役与乌蛮势力的消解 --- p.40 / 本章小结 --- p.45 / Chapter 第三章 --- 经济发展与贸易网络 --- p.48 / Chapter 第一节 --- 中原王朝开发策略 --- p.48 / Chapter 第二节 --- 交通贸易网络 --- p.49 / Chapter 第三节 --- 川南的盐业经济 --- p.52 / Chapter 一、 --- 初期开发 --- p.52 / Chapter 二、 --- 食盐危机、打井技术的革新与盐政改革 --- p.53 / 本章小结 --- p.56 / Chapter 第四章 --- 国家管制与弱者的隐喻 --- p.57 / Chapter 第一节 --- 唐宋时期的羁縻统治 --- p.57 / Chapter 第二节： --- 南宋的统治 --- p.59 / Chapter 第三节 --- 宋代在叙、泸二州的编 --- p.63 / Chapter 一、 --- 叙、泸二州民的增长 --- p.63 / Chapter 二、 --- 叙、泸地区的土著族群编 --- p.67 / Chapter 第四节 --- 柳侯庙的故事：宋代川南族群关系的一个隐喻 --- p.73 / 本章小结 --- p.78 / 结论 --- p.80 / Chapter 一、 --- 长时段视角中宋王朝的川南开发 --- p.80 / Chapter 二、 --- 余论：元明时期的川南 --- p.81 / 参考文献 --- p.87

This article explores the shifting relationship between the state and the rural elites in Sichuan during the last decades of the Qing dynasty through the lens of taxation and public debt by using a creditor-debtor model as a theoretical framework. Sichuan’s unique rewarded land tax surcharge, called the “Contribution” and levied since 1864, established a relationship of symbolic and economic indebtedness of the imperial and local state to the taxpayer. Western-inspired reforms after 1898 directly attacked the symbolic and economic bonds established by the Contribution. The Railway Rent Share tax shifted the creditor-debtor relationship from the state to the public Sichuan-Hankou Railway Company by making individual taxpayers into shareholders. When Beijing eventually banned what it saw as a privatization of taxation and decided to nationalize the railway company, this ignited the Railway Protection Movement, which precipitated the 1911 Revolution in Sichuan.

巫達. / 論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2004. / 參考文獻 (p. 260-288). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in English. / Wu Da. / Lun wen (Zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2004. / Can kao wen xian (p. 260-288).

中國大陸是世界自然災害發生、災情最嚴重的國家之一，具有災害種類多、發生頻率高、分佈地域廣、造成損失大等特點，對中國的經濟建設與社會發展，造成多方的嚴重破壞與影響。 目前中國大陸的災害管理主要是縱向的災害管理模式，即在中共中央「統一領導」下，主導災害管理，並堅持「政府集體領導、上下分級管理、部門分工負責、以地方為主、中央為輔」的災害管理體制，劃分為國家級減災管理、省級減災管理與地方級（城鄉社區）減災管理等三個層次，凸顯中國災害管理體制出現不少問題，也暴露出中國應急救援工作存在薄弱環節。 因此近年來，中國逐步形成自然災害的管理處置體系，災害危機管理工作也有一定程度的進展，但2008年發生的雪災、川震，是中國在「SARS」危機結束後，所遇到最為嚴重的危機事件，對中國「統一領導、分級負責、條塊結合、屬地管理」的處置體系，進行一次全面性的檢驗。同時，也對中國政權建設在政治、經濟、軍事、社會以及兩岸關係上，產生決定性的影響。所以，中國政府在面對自然災害格外謹慎，深怕直接影響其政府形象及認可度。 儘管中國因著災害事件接踵而來，在管理應處上逐步學習改善，但評估中國在2008年自然災害的應對中，災害管理仍落後於經濟的增長和社會的發展，與中共中央的要求還是有很大的差距，所以中國未來在應對自然災害管理組織、制度、能力和作為等，還需許多改進和完善的地方。 / Mainland China, having many features of disaster such as various species, high happening frequency, extensive distribution, great damage etc., is one of the countries with the most serious natural disaster situation experience in the world. These features also cause serious destruction to the economic construction and social development of China. Presently, Mainland China takes the vertical disaster administration mode to handle the situation. The government directly leads the disaster administration and insists forming a system of central collective leading, classifying administration , responsibility divided and giving region the priority. It is divided into three levels：national, provincial and regional disaster administration. It reveals many problems in disaster administration of China and exposes insufficient ability of China in dealing with emergency and rescuing sufferers. Therefore, in recent years, China gradually forms a administration system in dealing with natural disasters and makes a certain progress. However the snow disaster and the earthquake of Sichuan, occurred in 2008, were the most serious accidents we ever met in China after the SARS crisis, These contingencies urge China to entirely check the processing system of integrated leading, classified responsibility and possession administration. Simultaneously, these experiences also make a decisive influence to the China political power construction on political affairs, economy, military, society and cross-Strait relations. Thus, the China government carefully confront natural disasters and afraid it influences the image and approve of the government. Although China gradually learn and improves the measures in dealing with the continued accidents, but assessing that China in 2008 in response to natural disasters, disaster management is still lagging behind the economic growth and social development. Also it is still a large gap to conform with the requirements of the CPC Central Committee. Therefore in the future, for China it is still needed to be improved and perfected in response to natural disaster management organizations, systems, capabilities, and actions etc.

鄒重華. / 本論文於1997年12月呈交. / 論文(博士)--香港中文大學歷史學部, 1998. / 參考文獻: p. 209-219. / 中英文摘要. / Ben lun wen yu 1997 nian 12 yue cheng jiao. / Available also through the Internet via Dissertations & theses @ Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Zou Chonghua. / Lun wen (Bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue li shi xue bu, 1998. / Can kao wen xian: p. 209-219. / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao.

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English Abstract This M.A. thesis analyses the politics of indirect rule within the peripheral area of Liangshan in southern Sichuan, which the imperial court tried to implement thru appointment of hereditary offices of indigenous chieftains (ch. tusi or tuguan). It uses primary sources in classical Chinese from official histories, local gazetteers, ethnographic studies and other documents, as well as secondary literature in Czech, English, French, German and Chinese. This thesis is divided into three interrelated chapters. The first chapter outlines the origin, changes and development of systems of indirect rule in Southwest China. The final stage of the development this political mechanism was a so-called "native chieftain system" (ch. tusi zhidu), through which the central court managed peripheral regions of its empire during Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. This chapter focuses on the development of these systems of indirect rule from the Warring States era (5th century BC) to the beginning of 20th century. The second chapter explores ethnographic, historico-political and ethnohistorical descriptions of Liangshan region. This chapter will then define the Liangshan region through geographical, political (the imperial court), and indigenous (ethnic) perspectives and therefore finalizes a theoretical...