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Detta examensarbete har utförts i samarbete med ett företag som önskar vara anonymt i rapporten. Företaget har nyligen fått höjda produktionsmål då de fått ta över produktion från en fabrik som håller på att avvecklas. Då arbetskraften fortfarande är densamma har detta lett till att de anställda får jobba övertid. Studien har huvudsakligen fokuserats på en avdelning inom företaget men till viss del har studien också krävt att mindre delar av de två andra avdelningarna också studerades. Syftet med projektet var att se över hur arbetsprocessen kunde effektiviseras så att målen kan nås utan att personalen behöver jobba övertid. Som ramverk för projektet användes en version av Six Sigmas lösningsmetodik DMAIC, nämligen RDMAIC, där en Recognize-fas har lagts till i starten av arbetet. Projektet innefattar en mängd metoder och verktyg, där de flesta härstammar från Lean Production, däribland SMED och Kaizen Event. Med andra ord har examensarbetet utförts som ett Lean Six Sigma-projekt. Utöver detta har fokus även lagts på motivation och hur detta påverkar de anställda, exempelvis genom djupintervjuer. Genom att analysera relevanta teorier om hur människor motiveras har författarna också kunnat ge rekommendationer på vilka åtgärder som eventuellt kan vidtas för att försöka höja operatörernas motivation och förbättra stämningen på avdelningen. Genom studien kommer förhoppningsvis det aktuella företaget kunna få en inblick i hur det kan förbättras. Studien visar bland annat att Kaizen Event är något som kan ha stor inverkan på både produktion och motivation.

This master’s thesis was written on the behalf of Saba Frukt och Grönt AB in Helsingborg and is the final part of the Master program in Mechanical Engineering at Halmstad University. The main task was to introduce visual control and increase the rate of concept in two of the departments of the company. The goal is to come up with implementation proposals, and if possible to implement one in the near future. The author attacks the problem by using the Six Sigma DMAIC-methodology as it is a clear and structured approach. As a complement Lean-inspired tools are used. After compiling the results from the interviews and benchmarking some suggestions are made. These are reviewed with stakeholders and a discussion of how to go on further was held. Within a short time the implementation starts on one department with visual methods such as marks on the floor and an andonlamp. Unfortunately, due to time constraints, nothing is yet implemented in the other department. However the work is going on and it requires a lot of planning and preparation. Conclusions are drawn that the goal is achieved and recommendations for future work are presented in this master’s report.

Sigma-1 receptors (σ-1Rs) are chaperone-like proteins that are broadly distributed throughout the central nervous system and in other tissues. They have been implicated in several physiological and pathological processes, primarily by their ability to modulate certain voltage- and ligand-gated ion channels. Growing evidence suggests that σ-1Rs regulate the functions of ion channels, such as voltage-gated K+ 1.2 (Kv 1.2) and the human Ether-à-go-go-Related Gene (hERG) ion channels, by modulating their expression, trafficking, and targeting. While it is well documented that σ-1Rs enhance the function of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), the mechanisms of this enhancement remain poorly understood. Using biochemical methods, we show that 90 minutes after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of σ-1R agonists such as (+)-SKF 10,047 (SKF) or (+)-Pentazocine (PTZ) (2 mg/kg), there is an increase in the expression of GluN2 subunits of NMDARs and postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) in the rat hippocampus. Following activation of σ-1Rs, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments reveal an increased interaction between σ-1Rs and NMDAR subunits; sucrose gradient centrifugation demonstrates an increase in the protein levels of GluN2 subunits in vesicular compartment; and biotinylation shows an increase in the surface levels of GluN2A-containing NMDARs. Taken together, our results suggest σ-1Rs may enhance NMDARs function by increasing their expression, trafficking, and surface levels. This σ-1R-mediated increase in NMDAR expression and surface levels might be involved in several physiological processes such as learning and memory. Our findings also suggest that σ-1Rs could form a potential target for designing novel antipsychotics.

The transition metal complexes cyclopentadienylrhenium tricarbonyl [CpRe(CO)3, Cp = cyclopentadienyl] and (isopropylcyclopentadienyl)rhenium tricarbonyl [(i-PrCp)Re(CO)3, i-Pr = isopropyl] were photolysed in alkanes at low temperature and the resulting alkane complexes, of the general formula Cp'Re(CO)2(alkane) (Cp' = Cp or (i-PrCp)), were studied using NMR spectroscopy. Characteristic proton chemical shifts (δ) and couplings (3JHH) were observed for alkane complexes of several linear, branched and cyclic alkanes of up to eight carbons. Alkanes with chemically distinct methyl (CH3) and/or methylene (CH2) units were observed alternatively binding through each unit to rhenium. No bound methine unit was observed. Large C-H coupling constants (1JCH) were observed for protons of several bound CH3 and CH2 units, indicating the bound C-H is intact. These species are, thus, alkane sigma (σ) complexes, wherein the alkane has an agostic (M-H-C, 3 centre 2 electron) interaction with the rhenium centre. The CH3 binding mode of (i-PrCp)Re(CO)2(1-pentane) was elucidated; sequential deuteration in the bound CH3 revealed an equilibrium isotope effect (EIE) in the remaining proton/s, confirming that only one C-H has an agostic interaction with rhenium at any instant . NMR parameters δ(1H) (-8.22), δ(13C) ( 42.4) and 1JCH (85 Hz) for the complexed C-H reveal it is unequivocally intact and yet strongly interacting with the rhenium centre, hallmarks for the agostic interaction. Intramolecular exchange was identified between pentane complex isomers Cp'Re(CO)2(1-pentane), Cp'Re(CO)2(2-pentane) and Cp'Re(CO)2(3-pentane). Equilibrium constants were determined, revealing a preference for CH2 binding over CH3. The inequivalent hydrogens found in methylene groups of cyclohexane at low temperature permitted simultaneous observation of axial and equatorial C-H protons of a bound CH2 in CpRe(CO)2(cyclohexane); an EIE, upon deuteration, indicated rapid exchange between complexed C-H bonds in the bound CH2 unit. The rhenium centre was found to prefer complexation of the axial C-H bond, over the equatorial, with K ~2.9. Intermolecular exchange of alkane ligands with free solvent was directly observed, in the competitive complexation of the [CpRe(CO)2] fragment to different alkanes in binary mixtures. The preference cyclohexane > cyclopentane > pentane > isobutane was established and equilibrium constants determined. The kinetics were followed by NMR and modelled, revealing rate constants; decay rates were also determined.

Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Systems Science Dept., 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Zugl.: Dresden, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2007

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains 172 p. Includes bibliographical references. Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

Zugl.: Hamburg, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2008

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Louisville, 2002. / Department of Industrial Engineering. Vita. "December 2002." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-63).