Thesis--Universität Bielefeld, 1990. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 209-237).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 357-386).

No description available.

Globalization has significantly reshaped communication trends that influence nation branding practices. Many studies examine the development of a nation and destination branding; however, little has been done to examining the planning processes and the selection of representative messages that nations choose to communicate through their individual brands. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the key concepts that are used to build Brand Singapore. Singapore is a small, diverse country that attracts attention both as a tourism destination and political and economic entity. Hence, the study examines its branding materials and messages chosen in order to stand out from the competition, as well as the rationale behind these choices. For those purposes, the process of multimodal critical discourse analysis (MCDA) was used on text and visual based messages present in the “Singapore – Where Passion is Made Possible” nation branding video of Singapore. In order to break down and identify the core messages that Brand Singapore communicates, results were subjected to contexts of safety and diversity in Singapore along with theories of re-orientalism and competitive identity. The examination revealed that Singapore is persistently showcasing itself as a multi-ethnical country, but it is rather understanding and tolerant. The presence of the social and economic hierarchy is present, and the Chinese ethnicity is granted the highest status in the messages. Communication practitioners and marketing organizations will find this study helpful in developing branding strategy planning for the most demanding countries.

The aim of this study is: To critically correlate insights from the normative Christian sources and other disciplines so as to formulate a pastoral counsel on building strong families for Christian men in Singapore as they live out their faith and interact with others in a success-oriented society. This study is important in that it attempts to: - Expose the false belief that homemaking should not be a masculine responsibility, and to challenge Christian men in Singapore to lead their families as God-honouring husbands and fathers in a materialistic and success-oriented society. - Help the Church in Singapore in the ministry of building strong Christian families so that a good witness can be presented before a highly secularised society. - Nurture professionalism in the ministry by formulating a pastoral guide with which those in Christian full-time vocation or voluntary work can use to effectively care and counsel Christian men with troubled family lives. To accomplish these tasks, the four aspects – descriptive, historical, systematic and strategic – advocated by Don S Browning in his book, A Fundamental Practical Theology, were considered. An opinion poll was also done to augment the library research. Additionally, qualitative interviews in the form of conversational partnerships were conducyted to better hear and understand the work-family complexities faced by some Christian men. The findings in terms of some features that give a preliminary profile of the average Christian man in Singapore as a basis for further research are: i. He accepts competition as inevitable in a meritocratic society. ii. He works hard so as to develop; to his best potential and to provide well for his family materially. iii. He often has little time to bond with his family relationally unless he makes a deliberate effort to do so. iv. He does not equate male headship with sole leadership at home. Hence, he shares or delegates family responsibilities, including that of breadwinning, housekeeping and parenting. v. He discusses rather than dictates decisions related to major family concerns. Hence, he is pragmatic enough to seek and adopt alternatives that are most beneficial to the family. These include choosing options like dual-income, child care centre, maid and grandparent to meet the breadwinning, child caring and housekeeping needs of the home. Finally, to help Christian men and the Church in Singapore to be actively pro-family in perspective and action, the study concludes by proposing five suggestions: i. Work hard so as to earn enough to turn limited time and energy into actual pro-family events. ii. Adopt an extended family member into one’s own home. iii. Enhance pro-family facilities and services by establishing, giving and volunteering more. iv. Emphasise family life education in the Christian faith in order to advance it in the Church, home, workplace and society at large. v. Be prepared to do that which honours Christ even if it means losing 'face', beginning at home. / Thesis (PhD (Practical Theology: Pastoral Family Care))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Practical Theology / unrestricted

La protection des droits des consommateurs est un sujet essentiel visant à établir un équilibre entre tous les acteurs bénéficiant de l'élargissement du marché sans frontières. Au moment où la coopération sur la protection du consommateur entre les pays membres de l'ASEAN est établie, les réflexions comparatives sur les mécanismes internes pour protéger les intérêts des consommateurs acquéreurs des biens dans ces pays s'avèrent être un sujet nécessaire pour une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes législatifs adoptés et des situations actuelles. Ceux-ci sont donc des facteurs importants pour le développement de la protection des consommateurs.Cette étude consiste à se pencher sur les mécanismes législatifs internes applicables dans les trois pays sélectionnés tels que la Malaisie, Singapour et la Thaïlande, tendant à protéger les intérêts économiques des consommateurs vis-à-vis du problème de la non-conformité du bien à l'attente légitime. Bien que ces trois pays sélectionnés soient très différents sur la forme de l'Etat et sur le système juridique applicable, ils ont partagé un point commun ; l'intégration du concept de la protection des intérêts de consommateurs dans leurs droits depuis plus de dix ans. Nos réflexions comparatives sur les mécanismes nationaux des trois pays et sur les mécanismes régionaux de l'UE exposeront la similarité et la disparité des droits des trois pays et, ainsi, proposeront une solution pour réduire ces divergences. / Protecting the rights of consumers is a key issue to achieve the balance between all stakeholders benefiting from expanding market without borders. Currently, cooperation on the issue among the ASEAN member countries has been established; however, a further and analytical study on the topic is needed. A comparative reflection on states' internal mechanism of the protection of interests of consumers who possess goods will provide an insightful knowledge of current situation both in terms of legal instruments and facts. These are important factors for the development of consumer protection.This study is to analyse the internal legal systems applicable to the three selected countries which are Malaysia , Singapore and Thailand , aiming at protecting consumers' economic interests against the problem of non -conformity of goods to legitimate expectation. Although the three selected countries differ from each other in terms of the form of government and legal system, they share one thing in common; integrating the concept of protecting the interests of consumers in their law for over ten years. Our comparative reflections on the three countries' mechanisms, the regional mechanisms and the EU mechanisms exhibit similarity and disparity of law between the three countries and thus propose a solution to reduce these differences.

This thesis focuses on the analysis and description of the causes of trends in the accumulation of foreign exchange reserves in three selected Asian economies, China, Singapore and Hong Kong. In the analysis are examined selected factors whose relationship with the foreign reserves, based on their merits and in the work of this association subsequently investigated on empirical data, mainly from the balance of payments and the statement of net investment position to identify and specify the main causes of accumulation of foreign exchange reserves in individual economies. The general framework of work consists of the theories of international movement of capital, specifically called Lucas's paradox, whose presence adds insight about other possible causes of some capital flows.

This research studies the phenomena of hospital groups expanding beyond their home country by setting up operations in less developed countries, and patients travelling out of their country for healthcare services, by looking at the internationalisation of private healthcare firms from Singapore. The research helps to address a gap in the literature as there is a lack of firm-level research on internationalisation of healthcare firms, and even more so for firms from Southeast Asia. For practitioners, the research offers a better understanding of the internationalisation strategies and choices adopted by healthcare firms, and more generally, service firms. With the region which Singapore is part of undergoing rapid integration, the study also offers useful insights on the impact of regional integration on internationalisation of healthcare firms. Using a multiple-case study of four private healthcare firms from Singapore, the research examines the where (market selection), how (entry modes) and when (timing) of their internationalisation, as well as their response to regional integration, in the context of existing literature on internationalisation of firms. The study shows that the internationalisation strategies of healthcare firms from Singapore, in relation to market selection, entry modes and timing of entry, were well-explained by existing theories on internationalisation of firms. Family ownership was identified as a reason for the deviation from theory for one of the cases. Specifically on the internationalisation of healthcare firms, the study shows that healthcare services in Singapore is undergoing commodification, with increasing use of and emphasis on 'marketing' to procure patients-customers; increasing emphasis on quality; and the creation of customers and consumers. This has made healthcare services increasingly 'exportable' in the sense that they can be 'sold' overseas away from the point of 'production', via representative offices, instead of having to rely on higher commitment non-export entry modes as indicated in the literature. Another deviation from literature was the case firms' stated preference to make market entry using management contract instead of joint venture. This can be attributed to their strategic need to internationalise quickly and the high cost of building new healthcare facilities. Using the findings from the analysis, the thesis proposed a characterization of the internationalisation strategies of a healthcare firm from Singapore, in terms of market selection, entry modes and timing of entry. A conceptual model on the internationalisation of healthcare firms was also developed, identifying the factors which may influence the internationalisation of healthcare firms. Besides, the study identified that the healthcare firms went through four phases of internationalisation process, namely, learning, opportunistic, de-internationalisation and maturisation, with each presenting some unique patterns of internationalisation by the firms. Further analysis showed that the four phases tied in well with the 'Link-Leverage-Learn' framework of Mathews (2006) for emerging/second wave multinational enterprises (MNEs), hence offering a new perspective for evaluating the internationalisation of such firms in future. On impact of regional integration, a possible 'ideal' model for a healthcare MNE in an economically integrated region was proposed. Applying the model, it is proposed that internationalisation by healthcare MNEs will increase as the region integrates, and there will be further consolidation within the industry. Healthcare MNEs from small countries like Singapore are likely to compete particularly strongly, as they are under even greater pressure to secure the foreign markets given the constraint of their small domestic population.

Singaporemodellen har fått genomslag i Sverige och därav ämnar den här systematiska litteraturstudien undersöka gynnsamma arbetssätt för utvecklandet av problemlösningsförmågan samt om Singaporemodellen har stöd i den forskningen. En induktiv innehållsanalys av 15 artiklar resulterade i två olika perspektiv på utvecklandet av problemlösningsförmågan: gynnsamma arbetssätt och gynnsamma faktorer. Under dessa perspektiv presenteras underkategorier som är viktiga för studiens syfte. Dessa sätts sedan i relation till Singaporemodellens arbetssätt där slutsatsen blev att modellen har stöd i den granskade forskningen. Singaporemodellen skulle därför kunna anses vara ett gynnsamt arbetssätt för utvecklandet av problemlösningsförmågan.

The purposes of this study were to (a) examine higher education activities from 1945 to 1980 before Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong became newly industrialized countries; (b) study the higher education reforms that each country made in its progress in order to meet the challenge; (c) compare and contrast the higher education systems that were adopted; and (d) identify a single Asian higher education system model (descriptive model) for any country that desires to become an industrialized country. Historical research was utilized in this study. This study was approached as follows: First, the economic growth of the countries under study was examined. Then, the countries' higher education systems were compared and contrasted. The result is at least one possible higher education system model that can be used by any country to improve the future performance of its higher education system. The study concluded that the models of higher education used by Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong from 1945 to 1980 were not identical. However, they came to similar conclusions in terms of economic development. In this case, an emerging industrial country like the social and economic condition of Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong would find that adoption of those higher education models might be appropriate. For instance, an emerging country with a social and economic system like Taiwan would find Taiwan's higher education model appropriate for adoption in that country. On the other hand, if an emerging industrial nation has social and economic criteria dissimilar to those of Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong, a proposed single model of higher education would be appropriate, with an adjustment to suit the national resources, cultural background, and structure of trades and the labor force of that country.