Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit Faltungsoperatoren auf Kegeln, die in Lebesgueräumen L^p(R^2) (1<p<\infty) von Funktionen auf der Ebene wirken. Es werden asymptotische Spektraleigenschaften der zugehörigen Finite Sections studiert. Im Falle p=2 (Hilbertraum) wird das Invertierbarkeitsproblem von Operatoren vom Faltungstyp auf Kegeln mit Hilfe der Methode der Standard-Modell-Algebren untersucht.

Singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion problems exhibit in general solutions with anisotropic features, e.g. strong boundary and/or interior layers. This anisotropy is reflected in the discretization by using meshes with anisotropic elements. The quality of the numerical solution rests on the robustness of the a posteriori error estimator with respect to both the perturbation parameters of the problem and the anisotropy of the mesh. An estimator that has shown to be one of the most reliable for reaction-diffusion problem is the <i>equilibrated residual method</i> and its modification done by Ainsworth and Babuška for singularly perturbed problem. However, even the modified method is not robust in the case of anisotropic meshes. The present work modifies the equilibrated residual method for anisotropic meshes. The resulting error estimator is equivalent to the equilibrated residual method in the case of isotropic meshes and is proved to be robust on anisotropic meshes as well. A numerical example confirms the theory.

Singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion problems exhibit in general solutions with anisotropic features, e.g. strong boundary and/or interior layers. This anisotropy is reflected in the discretization by using meshes with anisotropic elements. The quality of the numerical solution rests on the robustness of the a posteriori error estimator with respect to both the perturbation parameters of the problem and the anisotropy of the mesh. The simplest local error estimator from the implementation point of view is the so-called hierarchical error estimator. The reliability proof is usually based on two prerequisites: the saturation assumption and the strengthened Cauchy-Schwarz inequality. The proofs of these facts are extended in the present work for the case of the singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion equation and of the meshes with anisotropic elements. It is shown that the constants in the corresponding estimates do neither depend on the aspect ratio of the elements, nor on the perturbation parameters. Utilizing the above arguments the concluding reliability proof is provided as well as the efficiency proof of the estimator, both independent of the aspect ratio and perturbation parameters.

This paper is the last part of a three-fold article aimed at some efficient numerical methods for solving the Poisson problem in three-dimensional prismatic and axisymmetric domains. In the first and second parts, the Fourier singular complement method (FSCM) was introduced and analysed for prismatic and axisymmetric domains with reentrant edges, as well as for the axisymmetric domains with sharp conical vertices. In this paper we shall mainly conduct numerical experiments to check and compare the accuracies and efficiencies of FSCM and some other related numerical methods for solving the Poisson problem in the aforementioned domains. In the case of prismatic domains with a reentrant edge, we shall compare the convergence rates of three numerical methods: 3D finite element method using prismatic elements, FSCM, and the 3D finite element method combined with the FSCM. For axisymmetric domains with a non-convex edge or a sharp conical vertex we investigate the convergence rates of the Fourier finite element method (FFEM) and the FSCM, where the FFEM will be implemented on both quasi-uniform meshes and locally graded meshes. The complexities of the considered algorithms are also analysed.

5章（本文31～40ページ）と元となった論文の著作権はIEEEに属するため、規約に従い、本文79ページにおいて出典を示すともに、コピーライト表記を付している。本文39、40ページの全ての図の著作権は、IEEEに属する。このため、これら全ての図においてコピーライト表記を付している。 / 京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第19858号 / 情博第609号 / 新制||情||106(附属図書館) / 32894 / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科数理工学専攻 / (主査)教授 中村 佳正, 教授 梅野 健, 教授 中島 浩 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM

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Optimal control problems can in many cases become complicated and difficult to solve. One particular class of difficult control problems to solve are singular control problems. Standard methods for solving optimal control are discussed showing why those methods are difficult to apply to singular control problems. Then standard methods for solving singular control problems are discussed including why the standard methods can be difficult and often impossible to apply without having to resort to numerical techniques. Finally, an alternative method to solving a class of singular optimal control problems is given for a specific class of problems.

Information retrieval is much more challenging than traditional small document collection retrieval. The main difference is the importance of correlations between related concepts in complex data structures. These structures have been studied by several information retrieval systems. This research began by performing a comprehensive review and comparison of several techniques of matrix dimensionality estimation and their respective effects on enhancing retrieval performance using singular value decomposition and latent semantic analysis. Two novel techniques have been introduced in this research to enhance intrinsic dimensionality estimation, the Multi-criteria Decision Weighted model to estimate matrix intrinsic dimensionality for large document collections and the Average Standard Estimator (ASE) for estimating data intrinsic dimensionality based on the singular value decomposition (SVD). ASE estimates the level of significance for singular values resulting from the singular value decomposition. ASE assumes that those variables with deep relations have sufficient correlation and that only those relationships with high singular values are significant and should be maintained. Experimental results over all possible dimensions indicated that ASE improved matrix intrinsic dimensionality estimation by including the effect of both singular values magnitude of decrease and random noise distracters. Analysis based on selected performance measures indicates that for each document collection there is a region of lower dimensionalities associated with improved retrieval performance. However, there was clear disagreement between the various performance measures on the model associated with best performance. The introduction of the multi-weighted model and Analytical Hierarchy Processing (AHP) analysis helped in ranking dimensionality estimation techniques and facilitates satisfying overall model goals by leveraging contradicting constrains and satisfying information retrieval priorities. ASE provided the best estimate for MEDLINE intrinsic dimensionality among all other dimensionality estimation techniques, and further, ASE improved precision and relative relevance by 10.2% and 7.4% respectively. AHP analysis indicates that ASE and the weighted model ranked the best among other methods with 30.3% and 20.3% in satisfying overall model goals in MEDLINE and 22.6% and 25.1% for CRANFIELD. The weighted model improved MEDLINE relative relevance by 4.4%, while the scree plot, weighted model, and ASE provided better estimation of data intrinsic dimensionality for CRANFIELD collection than Kaiser-Guttman and Percentage of variance. ASE dimensionality estimation technique provided a better estimation of CISI intrinsic dimensionality than all other tested methods since all methods except ASE tend to underestimate CISI document collection intrinsic dimensionality. ASE improved CISI average relative relevance and average search length by 28.4% and 22.0% respectively. This research provided evidence supporting a system using a weighted multi-criteria performance evaluation technique resulting in better overall performance than a single criteria ranking model. Thus, the weighted multi-criteria model with dimensionality reduction provides a more efficient implementation for information retrieval than using a full rank model.

Heat flux and heat conductance at the metal mold interface plays a key role in controlling the final metal casting strength. It is difficult to obtain these parameters through direct measurement because of the required placement of sensors, however they can be obtained through inverse heat conduction calculations. Existing inverse heat conduction methods are analyzed and classified into three categories, i.e., direct inverse methods, observer-based methods and optimization methods. The solution of the direct inverse methods is based on the linear relationship between heat flux and temperature (either in the time domain or in the frequency domain) and is calculated in batch mode. The observer-based method consists on the application of observer theory to the inverse heat conduction problem. The prominent characteristic in this category is online estimation, but the methods in this category show weak robustness. Transforming estimation problems into optimization problems forms the methods in the third category. The methods in third category show very good robustness property and can be easily extended to multidimensional and nonlinear problems. The unknown parameters in some inverse heat conduction methods can be obtained by a proposed calibration procedure. A two-index property evaluation (accuracy and robustness) is also proposed to evaluate inverse heat conduction methods and thus determine which method is suitable for a given situation. The thermocouple dynamics effect on inverse calculation is also analyzed. If the thermocouple dynamics is omitted in the inverse calculation, the time constant of thermocouple should be as small as possible. Finally, a simple model is provided simulating the temperature measurement using a thermocouple. FEA (Finite Element Analysis) is employed to simulate temperature measurement.

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