Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-14T20:56:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MarianaLorenaDosSantosSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 936967 bytes, checksum: f9c8ec86eaeeda094c71162d4ce65b1a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-15T19:42:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MarianaLorenaDosSantosSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 936967 bytes, checksum: f9c8ec86eaeeda094c71162d4ce65b1a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-15T19:42:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarianaLorenaDosSantosSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 936967 bytes, checksum: f9c8ec86eaeeda094c71162d4ce65b1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-29 / Sob a perspectiva sociolingu?stica variacionista (LABOV, 2001a, 2008[1972], 2010; TAGLIAMONTE, 2006, 2012), analisamos a varia??o entre os pronomes possessivos SEU(S)/SUA(S) e DELE(A) na indica??o da posse de terceira pessoa do singular em Natal (RN) na ?ltima d?cada do s?culo XX. Os dados prov?m de 40 textos orais e 40 textos escritos correspondentes, produzidos por oito informantes, sendo quatro do Ensino M?dio e quatro do Ensino Superior. Esses textos integram o Corpus Discurso & Gram?tica (FURTADO DA CUNHA, 1998). Os dados foram submetidos ? an?lise estat?stica multivariada. Nosso objetivo principal consiste em investigar os fen?menos de varia??o e mudan?a envolvendo os pronomes possessivos de terceira pessoa do singular SEU(A)(S) e DELE(A) com foco em aspectos sociais e estil?sticos condicionadores do uso dessas formas variantes na fala e na escrita. Temos por hip?tese que SEU(A)(S), por seu car?ter mais formal, predomina na escrita e em g?neros/sequ?ncias textuais de esfera n?o narrativa, bem como ? mais recorrente entre as mulheres e os indiv?duos de maior idade/escolaridade; em contraparte, DELE(A), por seu car?ter mais informal, destaca-se na fala e em g?neros/sequ?ncias textuais de esfera narrativa, e ? mais frequente entre os homens e os indiv?duos de menor idade/escolaridade. Os resultados atestaram essas hip?teses e revelaram que a varia??o entre SEU(A)(S) e DELE(A) ? condicionada principalmente pelos fatores estil?sticos modalidade da l?ngua e g?nero/sequ?ncia textual. / From the theoretical support provided by variationist sociolinguistics (LABOV, 2001a, 2008 [1972], 2010; TAGLIAMONTE, 2006, 2012), I analyze the variation between possessive pronouns SEU(S)/SUA(S) and DELE(A) in the expression of third person singular possession in Natal (RN), in Northeastern Brazil. The data sample is comprised of 40 spoken texts and 40 corresponding written texts which are part of the Corpus Discourse & Grammar (FURTADO DA CUNHA, 1998). These texts were collected in the last decade of the twentieth century from eight informants; four of them were high school students and four were undergraduate students. The data were submitted to multivariate statistical analysis. I aim to explore the phenomenon of variation and change in the third person singular possessive pronouns SEU(S)/SUA(S) and DELE(A) taking into consideration social and stylistic constrains on the usage of these pronouns in speech and writing. I hypothesize that the usage of the most formal third person possessive pronoun SEU(A)(S) is favored by written texts and by genres/types of text of non-narrative sphere, and is more frequent among women and younger and less educated individuals; in contrast, the usage of the most informal third person possessive pronoun DELE(A) is favored by spoken texts and by genres/types of text of narrative sphere, and is more frequent among men and older and more educated individuals. The results have confirmed these hypotheses and have shown that the variation between SEU(S)/SUA(S) and DELE(A) is mainly constrained by the stylistic factors linguistic channel and genre/type of text.

The dissertation describes development of the preparation of children for reception of the first Communion and the first confession. In particular time periods of our history the church passed its teaching and faith on in a lot of various ways. The first Christians educated the newcomers in catechism. In the Middle Ages begins the development of catechesis and primarily of preaching, which should educate both children and adults. There isn{\crq}t still much time devoted to children and their preparations for reception of the sacraments; children cannot receive the sacrament until they reach an older age. Change in a bestowal of the sacraments is brought by a decree Quam singulari promulgated in 1910 by Pius X. It{\crq}s a decree on the age at which children are to be admitted to first Communion and it still influences the pursuance of preparing the new communicants for the reception of the sacraments. In my work I described, with the help of an available literature, the course of the preparations of the new communicants from the promulgation of the decree until now. I am also stating the methodic materials used by those, who lead those preparations.

Neste trabalho investigamos, dos pontos de vistas analítico e numérico, o comportamento assintótico da solução da equação do aerofólio, com uma singularidade do tipo Cauchy, de nida sobre um intervalo com uma pequena abertura. Exibimos um modelo matemático com uma solução f" para o intervalo disjunto G" = (−1,−ε) ∪ (ε, 1) e uma solução f0 que corresponde ao limite de f" quando (ε → 0), relacionando esta última com a solução da equação do aerofólio f no intervalo (−1, 1). Além do mais, demonstramos casos particulares de funções ψ = Tm e ψ = Un(onde Tm e Un são os polinômios de Tchebychev do primeiro e segundo tipo respectivamente) em que temos a igualdade f = f0 e conseqüentemente f" ≈ f. Apresentamos e comparamos numericamente as soluções f", f0 e f para diferentes funções ψ e valores de ε no intervalo G". Mostramos ainda soluções quase polinomiais analíticas da equação do aerofólio, e propomos um método espectral para a equação do aerofólio generalizada. Por m, obtemos soluções analíticas das equações do aerofólio para os intervalos G", (−1, 1)\ {0} e (−1, 1) para diferentes funções ψ(t) através da expansão em série da densidade da integral singular com núcleo Cauchy. / In this work we investigate, of the analytical and numerical points of views, the asymptotic behavior of the airfoil equation solution with a singularity of the Cauchy type, de ned over a interval with a small opening. We display a mathematical model with a f" solution to the disjoint interval G" = (−1,−ε)∪(ε, 1) and a f0 solution corresponding to limit of f" when (ε → 0), linking the latter with the solution of the airfoil equation f in the interval (−1, 1). Furthermore, we demonstrate particular cases of functions ψ = Tm and ψ = Un (where Tm and Un are the Chebyshev polynomials of the rst and second type respectively) where we have equality f = f0 and then f" ≈ f. We present and compare numerically the solutions f", f0 and f for di erent functions ψ and values of ε in G". We also show almost polynomial analytical solutions for the airfoil equation, and we propose a spectral method for the generalized airfoil equation. Finally, we obtain analytical solutions of the airfoil equations to the interval G", (−1, 1)\ {0} and (−1, 1) for various functions ψ(t) by expanding in series the density of the Cauchy singular integral.

Neste trabalho investigamos, dos pontos de vistas analítico e numérico, o comportamento assintótico da solução da equação do aerofólio, com uma singularidade do tipo Cauchy, de nida sobre um intervalo com uma pequena abertura. Exibimos um modelo matemático com uma solução f" para o intervalo disjunto G" = (−1,−ε) ∪ (ε, 1) e uma solução f0 que corresponde ao limite de f" quando (ε → 0), relacionando esta última com a solução da equação do aerofólio f no intervalo (−1, 1). Além do mais, demonstramos casos particulares de funções ψ = Tm e ψ = Un(onde Tm e Un são os polinômios de Tchebychev do primeiro e segundo tipo respectivamente) em que temos a igualdade f = f0 e conseqüentemente f" ≈ f. Apresentamos e comparamos numericamente as soluções f", f0 e f para diferentes funções ψ e valores de ε no intervalo G". Mostramos ainda soluções quase polinomiais analíticas da equação do aerofólio, e propomos um método espectral para a equação do aerofólio generalizada. Por m, obtemos soluções analíticas das equações do aerofólio para os intervalos G", (−1, 1)\ {0} e (−1, 1) para diferentes funções ψ(t) através da expansão em série da densidade da integral singular com núcleo Cauchy. / In this work we investigate, of the analytical and numerical points of views, the asymptotic behavior of the airfoil equation solution with a singularity of the Cauchy type, de ned over a interval with a small opening. We display a mathematical model with a f" solution to the disjoint interval G" = (−1,−ε)∪(ε, 1) and a f0 solution corresponding to limit of f" when (ε → 0), linking the latter with the solution of the airfoil equation f in the interval (−1, 1). Furthermore, we demonstrate particular cases of functions ψ = Tm and ψ = Un (where Tm and Un are the Chebyshev polynomials of the rst and second type respectively) where we have equality f = f0 and then f" ≈ f. We present and compare numerically the solutions f", f0 and f for di erent functions ψ and values of ε in G". We also show almost polynomial analytical solutions for the airfoil equation, and we propose a spectral method for the generalized airfoil equation. Finally, we obtain analytical solutions of the airfoil equations to the interval G", (−1, 1)\ {0} and (−1, 1) for various functions ψ(t) by expanding in series the density of the Cauchy singular integral.

Submitted by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-10-25T17:28:16Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Elliot Santovich Scaramal - 2016.pdf: 1887253 bytes, checksum: c1a9c0be427247b15b8143650b62f8bc (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-10-25T17:28:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Elliot Santovich Scaramal - 2016.pdf: 1887253 bytes, checksum: c1a9c0be427247b15b8143650b62f8bc (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-25T17:28:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Elliot Santovich Scaramal - 2016.pdf: 1887253 bytes, checksum: c1a9c0be427247b15b8143650b62f8bc (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-03 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The main goal of this dissertation is to offer both an interpretation to the theory of singular representations as presented by Leibniz in his writings from the 1680’s, as well as a hypothesis of a criticism made by Kant to what we take to be the cornerstones of such a theory. These cornerstones consist in (i) the Principle of Identity of Indiscernibles (ii) the Doctrine of the Complete Notion of the Individual Substance (iii) the Intensional Definitions of the Truth Values. Once the writings in which (ii) and (iii) are presented only began to be published in the XIX century, we argue in favor of the plausibility of such a hypothesis by means of logical arguments, which intend to show that Kant could have deduced (ii) and (iii) from Leibniz’ commitment to (i) as well as to the existence of a parfaite représentation of ordinary objects in the divine understanding, and historical arguments, which intend to show that Kant could have had access to both (ii) and (iii) and even ascribed these to Leibniz by means of Meier’s Auszug aus der Vernunftlehre and Wolff’s Philosophia Rationalis sive Logica. We will add to these, also textual arguments in order to show that there is in Kant’s philosophy not only a critique to (i), but also to (ii) e (iii), as well as an interpretation of what this criticism consists in. / O objetivo dessa dissertação é o de oferecer tanto uma interpretação para a teoria das representações singulares conforme apresentada por Leibniz principalmente em escritos da década de 1680, assim como uma hipótese de crítica por parte de Kant ao que tomamos como os pilares centrais da mesma. Esses pilares centrais consistem em (i) o Princípio de Identidade dos Indiscerníveis (ii) a Doutrina da Noção Completa da Substância Individual (iii) as Definições Intensionais dos Valores de Verdade. Dado que escritos em que são apresentadas (ii) e (iii) só começaram a ser publicados a partir do século XIX, apresentaremos aqui uma argumentação para tornar plausível uma tal hipótese, dividida entre argumentos lógicos, que mostrariam como Kant poderia ter deduzido (ii) e (iii) a partir dos comprometimentos de Leibniz com (i) e com a existência de uma parfaite représentation dos objetos ordinários por parte do entendimento divino, e argumentos históricos que mostrariam que Kant poderia ter acesso a (ii) e (iii) e mesmo as atribuído a Leibniz mediante sua leitura do Auszug aus der Vernunftlehre de Meier e da Philosophia Rationalis sive Logica de Wolff. Acrescentaremos ainda uma argumentação textual para mostrar ainda como há na Filosofia de Kant, além de uma crítica explícita a (i), também uma crítica a (ii) e (iii), assim como uma interpretação de em que consiste uma tal crítica.

Collective nouns are a category of nouns that refer to a group of people or things. This group of nouns has the special characteristic that when in singular form, they can be followed by either a singular or a plural verb. This feature of collective nouns has attracted a great deal of attention from researchers and traditional grammarians, who in the last few decades have tried to explain this phenomenon by investigating different perspectives on it, thereby taking into consideration morphological, syntactic and semantic, as well as variational and discourse-specific differences (Biber et al, 1999; Levin, 2001; Depraetere, 2003). One of the main assumptions that has been suggested in the literature is that collective nouns have specific concord preferences, allowing for either a singular or a plural verb or both. Another assumption that has also been invoked is that when collective nouns are part of a complex noun phrase, as for instance in the phrase the rest of (the) society, in which the collective is part of the of-phrase, the plural tends to be used. Based on these two assumptions, the aim of this thesis is to further investigate, firstly whether a singular or a plural verb is used after expressions where a collective noun is being modified by a quantifying noun expression (e.g. the rest of, part of), secondly whether the concord preferences the collective nouns have an influence on the verbal concord and finally if there is any difference between the two main varieties of English, namely British and American English. Since this is a topic of actual language use, the methods used in corpus linguistic research are also employed in the thesis. More specifically, by looking at the instances of quantifying noun expressions modifying collective nouns as well as the frequency with which such constructions occur in two different corpora, the enTenTen13 and the GloWbE (Corpus of Global Web-Based English), the thesis seeks to answer the aforementioned questions. From the analysis of the data it was concluded that in some cases the concord preferences of the collective nouns influenced the verb form following the complex noun phrases, whereas in others these preferences did not determine the selection of the verb form. Syntactic, semantic as well as contextual factors seem to also influence the selection of the verb form. Furthermore, variational differences occurred, since in British English the plural was more often used with collective nouns that prefer the plural concord over the singular one or that are more variable in their concord patterns, whereas in American English the singular was the preferred choice in all cases.

The main goal of our thesis is to make the implementation of a classification method called linear discriminant analysis more efficient. It is a model of multivariate statistics which, given samples and their membership to given groups, attempts to determine the group of a new sample. We focus especially on the high-dimensional case, meaning that the number of variables is higher than number of samples and the problem leads to a singular covariance matrix. If the number of variables is too high, it can be practically impossible to use the common methods because of the high computational cost. Therefore, we look at the topic from the perspective of numerical linear algebra and we rearrange the obtained tasks to their equivalent formulation with much lower dimension. We offer new ways of solution, provide examples of particular algorithms and discuss their efficiency. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Abstract Vectorcardiography (VCG) determines the direction and magnitude of the heart’s electrical forces. Interpretation of the digital three-dimensional vectorcardiography in clinical applications requires robust methods and novel approaches for calculating the vectorcardiographic features. This dissertation aimed to develop new methods for vectorcardiographic signal processing. The robustness of selected pre-processing and feature extraction algorithms was improved, novel methods for detecting the injured myocardial tissue from electrocardiogram (ECG) were devised, and dynamical behavior of vectorcardiographic features was determined. The main results of the dissertation are: (1) Digitizing process and proper filtering did not produce significant distortions for dipolar Singular Value Decomposition -based ECG parameters from a diagnostic viewpoint, whereas non-dipolar parameters were very sensitive to the pre-processing operations. (2) A novel method for estimating the severity of the myocardial infarction (MI) was developed by combining the action potential based computer model and 12-lead ECG patient data. Using the method it is possible to calculate an approximate estimate of the maximum troponin value and therefore the severity of the MI. In addition, the size and location of the myocardial infarction was found to affect diagnostic significant Total-cosine-R-to-T parameter (TCRT) - changes, both in the simulations and in the patient study. (3) Furthermore, the results showed that carefully targeted improvements to the basic algorithm of the TCRT parameter can evidently decrease the number of algorithm-based failures and therefore improve the diagnostic value of TCRT in different patient data. (4) Finally, a method for calculating beat-to-beat vectorcardiographic features during exercise was developed. It was observed that the breathing affects the beat-to-beat variability of all the QRS/T angle measures and the trend of the TCRT parameter during exercise was found to be negative. Further, the results of the thesis clearly showed that the QRS/T angle measures exhibit a strong correlation with the heart rate in individual subjects. The results of the dissertation highlight the importance of robust algorithms in a VCG analysis. The results should be taken into account in further studies, so that the vectorcardiography can be utilized more effectively in clinical applications. / Tiivistelmä Vektorikardiorgafia (VKG) kuvaa sydämen sähköisen toiminnan suuntaa ja suuruutta sydämen lyönnin eri vaiheissa. Vektorikardiogrammin onnistunut tulkinta kliinisissä sovelluksissa edellyttää luotettavia menetelmiä ja uusia lähestymistapoja vektorikardiografisten piirteiden laskennassa. Tämän väitöskirjan tavoitteena oli kehittää uusia vektorikardiografisia signaalinkäsittelymenetelmiä. Väitöstyössä parannettin tiettyjen elektrokardiorgafisen (EKG) -signaalin esikäsittelyvaiheiden ja piirteentunnistusalgoritmien luotettavuutta, kehitettiin uusia menetelmiä vaurioituneen sydänlihaskudoksen tunnistamiseen EKG-signaalista, sekä tutkittiin vektorikardiografisten piirteiden dynaamista käyttäytymistä. Väitöskirjan päätulokset voidaan tiivistää seuraavasti: (1) Paperitallenteisten EKG-tallenteiden digitointiprosessi ja EKG-signaalin asianmukainen suodatus ei aiheuta diagnostisesti merkittäviä vääristymiä ns. dipolaarisiin singulaariarvohajotelmaan (SVD) perustuviin EKG-parametreihin. Kuitenkin ns. ei-dipolaariset herkemmät parametrit ovat sensitiivisiä näille esikäsittelyvaiheille. (2) Väitöskirjatyössä kehitettiin uusi menetelmä sydäninfarktin vakavuuden arvioimiselle 12-kanavaisesta EKG-signaalista käyttäen aktiopotentiaaleihin perustuvaa tietokonemallia. Väitöstyössä todettiin, että menetelmää käyttäen on mahdollista laskea karkea estimaatti kliinisessä käytössä olevalle maksimaaliselle troponiiniarvolle, joka kertoo vaurion määrästä sydänlihaskudoksessa. Lisäksi sydäninfarktin koon ja sijainnin havaittiin vaikuttavan vektorikardiografiseen de- ja repolarisaation suhdetta kuvaavaan diagnostisesti merkittävään Total-cosine-R-to-T- (TCRT) muuttujaan. (3) Tulokset osoittivat myös, että tekemällä muutamia pieniä parannuksia alkuperäiseen TCRT-parametrin algoritmiin, voidaan merkittävästi vähentää parametrin laskennassa aiheutuvia vääristymiä ja täten parantaa TCRT-parametrin diagnostista arvoa erilaisissa potilasaineistoissa. (4) Neljänneksi, työssä kehitettiin menetelmä, jolla vektorikardiografisia piirteitä laskettiin dynaamisesti lyönti lyönniltä. Hengityksen havaittiin aiheuttavan rasitustestin aikana merkittävää lyöntikohtaista vaihtelua. Työssä havaittiin myös, että niin TCRT-parametrilla kuin myös muillakin de- ja repolarisaation välistä suhdetta kuvaavilla muuttujilla oli selvä korrelaatio sydämen sykkeen kanssa. Väitöskirjan tulokset korostavat luotettavien algoritmien tärkeyttä vektorikardiografisessa analyysissä. Tulosten huomioiminen jatkotutkimuksissa edesauttaa vektorikardiografian hyödyntämistä kliinisissä sovelluksissa.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / In this thesis, we consider some nonlinear differential models that govern unsteady magneto-hydrodynamic convective flow and mass transfer of viscous, incompressible,electrically conducting fluid past a porous plate with/without heat sources. The study focusses on the effect of a combination of a number of physical parameters (e.g., chemical reaction, suction, radiation, soret effect,thermophoresis and radiation absorption) which play vital role in these models.Non dimensionalization of these models gives us sets of differential equations. Reliable solutions of such differential equations can-not be obtained by standard numerical techniques. We therefore resorted to the use of the singular perturbation approaches. To proceed, each of these model problems is discretized in time by using a suitable time-stepping method and then by using a fitted operator finite difference method in spatial direction. The combined methods are then analyzed for stability and convergence. Aiming to study the robustness of the proposed numerical schemes with respect to change in the values of the key parame- ters, we present extensive numerical simulations for each of these models. Finally, we confirm theoretical results through a set of specificc numerical experiments.

No description available.