Teachers’ work-related health has worsened in Sweden, seen in the rising number of teachers who are stressed, unmotivated and that have left work or are on sick leave (The Swedish National Agency for Education, 2013; Månsson, 2008). The thesis’s aim was to explore the relation between health, personal coping and job stress. As proposed by Antonovsky (1979; 1987), sense of coherence (SOC) was used as an important individual approach for Salutogenesis; health maintenance. Health was measured as self-reported health and job stress according to the demand-control model (DCM) by Karasek (1979). Data came from the Teacher survey, a questionnaire part of a larger research project based at the Centre for Health and Equity Studies, Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, focused on school environment and health for pupils and teachers. The analytical sample consisted of teachers teaching 7-9th grade (n=1092), from both private and public schools. Results indicate an association for SOC and DCM independently with self-rated health, as well as a strong role for SOC in decreasing the odds of having less than good health due to psychosocial working conditions, especially for teachers who perceive their jobs as highly demanding.

Kostnaderna för den arbetsrelaterade ohälsan i form av sjukskrivningar och produktionsbortfall är stora. De arbetsorganisatoriska faktorer som har störst betydelse för ohälsan är arbetsmiljön och ledarskapet. Ledningen är den faktor som i sin tur har möjlighet till påverkan på arbetsmiljöns utformning. Detta betyder att ledaren är den faktor som har störst möjlighet att påverka medarbetarens hälsa. Enligt vissa teorier kan ledarskapsbeteendet direkt kopplas till medarbetarnas hälsa. Andra studier kopplar ledarskapsbeteendet till medarbetarnas arbetstillfredsställelse. Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka olika ledarbeteendens påverkan på medarbetarnas arbetstillfredsställelse och hälsa. Syftet har även varit att utreda om det finns något koppling mellan arbetstillfredsställelse och hälsa, det vill säga en mekanism mellan ledarskapsbeteende och medarbetarnas hälsa. För att undersöka detta har uppsatsen analyserat kvantitativa data från undersökningen ”Arbetsmiljömärkta arbetsplatser” eller  ”Attraktiva arbetsplatser i Jämtlands län”. Det teoretiska resonemang som låg till grund för framställningen omfattade olika ledarbeteenden, medarbetarens behov, hälsa och välbefinnande, arbetstillfredsställelse samt ledarens och medarbetarens interaktion via krav, kontroll och stöd. Resultatet i min studie visade att en ledare genom sitt beteende påverkar sina medarbetares hälsa direkt och/eller indirekt genom mekanismen arbetstillfredsställelse. / The costs of work-related illness, such as sick-leaves and drops in production, are considerable. The work organizational factors with the greatest influence over illness are workplace environment and leadership. Management, in turn, is the factor with the possibility of influencing the design of the workplace environment. This means that the leader is the one with the greatest opportunity to influence the health of co-workers. According to some theories, leader behavior may directly be connected to the health of co-workers. Other studies discern a link between leadership behavior and work satisfaction of co-workers. The purpose of this paper has been to investigate the influence of different types of leadership on the work satisfaction and health of co-workers. The essay also aimed at examining whether or not a link exists between work satisfaction and health, i.e. a mechanism between leadership behavior and health of co-workers. In order to carry out this study, quantitative data has been analyzed from the reports “Arbetsmiljömärkta arbetsplatser” or “Attraktiva arbetsplatser i Jämtlands län”. The theoretical reasoning that came to constitute a basis for the essay comprised different types of leadership, co-workers needs, health and well-being, work satisfaction and finally leader and co-worker interaction through demands, control and support. The results of my study indicated that leader behavior directly influenced the health of co-workers and/or indirectly through the mechanism work satisfaction.

Kostnaderna för den arbetsrelaterade ohälsan i form av sjukskrivningar och produktionsbortfall är stora. De arbetsorganisatoriska faktorer som har störst betydelse för ohälsan är arbetsmiljön och ledarskapet. Ledningen är den faktor som i sin tur har möjlighet till påverkan på arbetsmiljöns utformning. Detta betyder att ledaren är den faktor som har störst möjlighet att påverka medarbetarens hälsa. Enligt vissa teorier kan ledarskapsbeteendet direkt kopplas till medarbetarnas hälsa. Andra studier kopplar ledarskapsbeteendet till medarbetarnas arbetstillfredsställelse. Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka olika ledarbeteendens påverkan på medarbetarnas arbetstillfredsställelse och hälsa. Syftet har även varit att utreda om det finns något koppling mellan arbetstillfredsställelse och hälsa, det vill säga en mekanism mellan ledarskapsbeteende och medarbetarnas hälsa. För att undersöka detta har uppsatsen analyserat kvantitativa data från undersökningen ”Arbetsmiljömärkta arbetsplatser” eller  ”Attraktivaarbetsplatser i Jämtlands län”. Det teoretiska resonemang som låg tillgrund för framställningen omfattade olika ledarbeteenden, medarbetarens behov, hälsa och välbefinnande, arbetstillfredsställelse samt ledarens och medarbetarens interaktion via krav, kontroll och stöd. Resultatet i min studie visade att en ledare genom sitt beteende påverkar sina medarbetares hälsa direkt och/eller indirekt genom mekanismen arbetstillfredsställelse. / The costs of work-related illness, such as sick-leaves and drops in production, are considerable. The work organizational factors with the greatest influence over illness are workplace environment and leadership. Management, in turn, is the factor with the possibility of influencing the design of the workplace environment. This means that the leader is the one with the greatest opportunity to influence the health of co-workers. According to some theories, leader behavior may directly be connected to the health of co-workers. Other studies discern a link between leadership behavior and work satisfaction of co-workers. The purpose of this paper has been to investigate the influence of different types of leadership on the work satisfaction and health of co-workers. The essay also aimed at examining whether or not a link exists between work satisfaction and health, i.e. a mechanism between leadership behavior and health of co-workers. In order to carry out this study, quantitative data has been analyzed from the reports “Arbetsmiljömärkta arbetsplatser” or “Attraktiva arbetsplatser i Jämtlands län”. The theoretical reasoning that came to constitute a basis for the essay comprised different types of leadership, co-workers needs, health and well-being, work satisfaction and finally leader and co-worker interaction through demands, control and support. The results of my study indicated that leader behavior directly influenced the health of co-workers and/or indirectly through the mechanism work satisfaction.

The purpose of this study was to explore the association between problematic social media use (PSMU) and self-rated health (SRH) among Swedish adolescent boys and girls, and additionally to examine whether perceived familial social support buffers against poor health in the same association. The study was based on the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey from 2017/2018. The study sample consisted of 3371 adolescents from 213 schools across Sweden. PSMU was used as the exposure variable, SRH as theoutcome variable, age and gender as control variables, and perceived familial social support was applied as a moderator between PSMU and SRH. The analyses performed in the current study was cross-tabulations, binary logistic regression, multiplicative and additive interaction analysis. The results revealed that there is a significant association between PSMU and SRHamong Swedish adolescents. Adolescents with moderate level PSMU had 2.77 higher odds of reporting less than good health (95% CI 2.00-3.84) in comparison to adolescents with low levels of PSMU. Adolescents with high level PSMU had furthermore 4.16 odds of reporting less than good health PSMU (95% CI 2.41-7.20) in comparison to adolescents with low levelPSMU. The association between PSMU and SRH remained statistically significant even after adjusting for age, gender, and perceived familial social support. The interaction analyses did moreover reveal that perceived familial social support may play a crucial role by mitigating the effects of high level PSMU on SRH among Swedish adolescents. In a conclusion, it is of vital importance to understand PSMU in relation to the social context to better understand PSMU and prevent young people from poor SRH. Future research may address the same association but in relation to other social factors, such as socioeconomic status, to achieveenhanced understanding over the association between PSMU and SRH and how to better prevent poor health among young people. Policy makers could furthermore introduce support programs for families/parents who feel they lack confidence in the ability to act as sufficient support, which may reduce the risk for poor health among young people.