Smart TV, also known as Connected TV, is the new generation of television. It can be connected to the internet and enables the user to surf the web and use TV specific applications. The TV applications available today however are more like smartphone applications shown on a big screen. Applications should take advantage of the fact that they are located on a TV and make use of TV specific content. Smart TV can engage the viewer by a more interactive way of ”watching” TV. The way TV consumers watch TV today has been analysed and a changein consumer behaviour has occurred over the last decade. The TV viewershave gone from a relaxed TV mood with all focus directed towards the TV to a multitasking mood, using second screens for additional activities related, as well as unrelated, to what is on the TV. People want toengage in a more interactive way of watching TV and this is especially true for so called ”borderless” consumers which include people that like and owns technical devices.In this thesis a prototype of a Smart TV application that takes advantage of the content available on the TV, called Quiz TV, was developed. It engages the user in a more interactive way of watching TV and lets the user play a quiz about what is shown on the TV while watching it. This can be done alone, together or against others. The results from a user test of the prototype show that most of the users would play the game if it existed for real and would like a more interactive way of watching TV.As people already have an active way of watching TV, and would preferan even more interactive one, the future of the Smart TV and the Quiz TV application is seen as promising.

This master project focuses on the development of a front-end applicationfor cloud computing. Traditionally, televisions have been excluded from thealways connected world. With the appearance of the smart televisions it isnow possible to connect them to the Internet. However, there still exists agap between televisions and services in the cloud.To solve the problem,we have developed a JavaScript application. This application allows the user to log into their CloudMe account from a SamsungSmartTV with multimedia support. This application is centered on improving the responsiveness performance of a cloud computing application. It alsoenhances the user experience by creating a user-friendly UI for a television.During the course of this thesis, the application and its functionalities havebeen studied, designed, developed, optimized and finally tested. We havealso done a set of measurements to validate the responsiveness of the proposed design.The development of this TV application shows the TV is a potential targetdevice for cloud computing services due to its better resources and capabilities in di↵erent areas such as multimedia reproduction.

The Internet is gradually expanding to many new devices, in addition to its original native environment that was the Personal Computer. This wave started with mobile devices and as we enter the Internet of Things era, connectivity is possible from cars to light switches. One of the first devices, to follow mobiles, is the Television. Connectivity and two-way interaction on the TV device has in fact started even in the first days of the medium, but had failed to make it widely available, due to technological limitations of the past. Now, this has changed, with the Smart TV devices that can utilize the fast internet connections that are available in most developed countries. However, even though the technology and devices are now widely available there are still challenges in order to make the vast Internet and web content available in the Smart TVs. These challenges, have a familiar resemblance to what happened a few years ago, when internet connectivity was introduced on the mobile phone. Although, it was "feasible" to access any webpage from your mobile device, the experience for the user was often very frustrating, due to many factors, that derived from the fact that the web was designed for large screens and mice of the desktop computers, not the small touch screens and limited hardware of the phone. Nonetheless, these obstacles were successfully overcome, by introducing techniques and methodologies (e.g. Responsive Web Design) to make the web more mobile-friendly and also work from the manufacturers to improve their devices to this direction as well. The success of these actions is now evident, since the access to the web from mobile devices has surpassed the PC, and it is now a standard practice for every new website to be mobile-friendly. In this research work, we will attempt to do one very significant step towards this direction for the Smart TV. In other words, to discover what has to be done to make the web more TV-friendly. To do this, we explore many different TV devices from several manufacturers and see their similarities and differences. We explore numerous user studies and surveys to discover what is the problem in the Web experience on the TV, so that we can propose solutions to make web content TV-friendly. Based on these findings, we design prototypes and put them to the test on different devices and userevaluation. Finally, we propose a set of guidelines, that web designers can apply on their websites to make them TV-friendly, in the hope to introduce the first step towards a friendlier internet era for the TV.

TV-apparater och kringutrustningar är numera ofta Internetanslutna och har inbyggda webbläsare som fungerar som en plattform för HTML5- applikationer med JavaScript, vilket har lett till att utbudet av applikat- ioner som finns tillgängliga på dessa plattformar ökat explosivt de senaste åren. Tyvärr lider dock många av dålig prestanda med avseende på dataö- verföring och användargränssnittet upplevs ofta som segt eftersom hård- varan inte kan mäta sig med en modern dator. Det här examensarbetet undersöker vad som kan optimeras på närverkssidan. Två metoder för optimering har utvärderats - cache och komprimering av data från både applikationspaket och externa källor till slutanvändaren. Mätningar har gjorts på en befintlig TV-applikation för att identifiera var det finns störst utrymme för förbättringsåtgärder. Jämförelser mellan olika lösningar visar att vissa metoder kan snabba upp särskilda processer betydligt, me- dan andra metoder t.o.m. kan ha en negativ effekt. De lösningar som visat bäst resultat med avseende på snabbhet har implementerats i den befint- liga applikationen. Hänsyn till lämplighet av drift och underhåll av lös- ningarna har också tagits. Resultatet av dessa optimeringar visar att det med relativt enkla metoder går att avsevärt förbättra användarupplevelsen för Internetanslutna TV- applikationer, bl.a. har uppstartstiden visats kunna minskas med ca 80 % i de tester som utförts. / As televisions and peripheral devices nowadays often are Internet con- nected and has built-in web browsers that work as a platform for HTML5 applications running JavaScript, the range of applications available on these platforms has increased drastically. However, many suffer from poor performance in terms of data transfer and the user interface is often experienced as slow since the hardware cannot compare to a modern desktop computer. This thesis examines what can be optimized on the networking side. Two optimization methods have been evaluated - caching and compression of data of both the application package and external resources to the end user. Measurements have been made on an existing TV application to identify which parts have biggest room for im- provements. Comparisons between the various solutions show that some methods can speed up specific processes significantly, while other methods even may have a negative effect. The solutions that have shown the best results based on the speed improvements have been implemen- ted in the existing application. Consideration of the suitability of the maintenance of the solutions were also taken. The results of these optimizations show that relatively simple methods can significantly improve the user experience for an connected TV appli- cations. For instance, a reduction of about 80 % of the startup time has been measured in the performed tests.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Revisión por pares

<p dir="ltr">As Smart TV devices become more prevalent in our lives, it becomes increasingly important to evaluate the security of these devices. In addition to a smart and connected ecosystem through apps, Smart TV devices expose a WiFi remote protocol, that provides a virtual remote capability and allows a WiFi enabled device (e.g. a Smartphone) to control the Smart TV. The WiFi remote protocol might pose certain security risks that are not present in traditional TVs. In this paper, we assess the security of WiFi remote protocols by first identifying the desired security properties so that we achieve the same level of security as in traditional TVs. Our analysis of four popular Smart TV platforms, Android TV, Amazon FireOS, Roku OS, and WebOS (for LG TVs), revealed that <i>all these platforms violate one or more of the identified security properties</i>. To demonstrate the impact of these flaws, we develop Spook, which uses one of the commonly violated properties of a secure WiFi remote protocol to pair an Android mobile as a software remote to an Android TV. Subsequently, we hijack the Android TV device through the device debugger, enabling complete remote control of the device. All our findings have been communicated to the corresponding vendors. Google <i>acknowledged our findings</i> as a security vulnerability, assigned it a CVE, and released patches to the Android TV OS to partially mitigate the attack. We argue that these patches provide a stopgap solution without ensuring that WiFi remote protocol has all the desired security properties. We design and implement a WiFi remote protocol in the Android ecosystem using ARM TrustZone. Our evaluation shows that the proposed defense satisfies all the security properties and ensures that we have the flexibility of virtual remote without compromising security.</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:06:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6784.pdf: 3336016 bytes, checksum: bb429455480a66cf8cf47517a7ee317b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-09 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Smart TV applications are typically disconnected from the content of the tuned programming on the TV set. Some broadcasters offer specific applications for programs, however, these applications are generally just loosely coupled or synchronized to the program. Furthermore, applications are fully under domain of broadcasters, that have the information about the transmitted content. Based on the fact that synchronized information may arise from third-parties, obtained by local content processing or offered directly by the viewers, new opportunities will be opened up for developing a bunch of new interesting applications aiming to promote the user interaction level in TV. Moreover, it will have new user interaction possibilities while using mobile devices and computers, furthermore a new business model will be emerged. In this master thesis, the SyncSmartv framework is presented and evaluated. The aforementioned framework offers several APIs that facilitate the development of Smart TV applications synchronized with TV program contents. The aim is to provide some facilities for developers to implement applications in this area in a clear approach without being concerned about low-level implementation details. / Aplicações Smart TV normalmente são desvinculadas do conteúdo da programação sintonizada no aparelho de TV. Algumas emissoras oferecem aplicativos específicos para programas mas esses aplicativos são, em geral, apenas levemente acoplados ou sincronizados ao programa. Além disso, os aplicativos são de total domínio das emissoras, que detêm o conhecimento sobre o conteúdo transmitido. A partir do princípio de que informações de sincronismo possam advir de serviços de terceiros, independentes de emissoras, obtidos por processamento local de conteúdo ou oferecidas diretamente pelo telespectador, oportunidades se abrem para o desenvolvimento de aplicativos bastante interessantes, com potencial de promover maior interatividade na TV, novas possibilidades de interação quando se considera o uso de dispositivos móveis e computadores, satisfação aos telespectadores e novos modelos de negócio. Neste trabalho de mestrado apresenta-se e avalia-se o framework SyncSmartv. O framework oferece diversas APIs que favorecem o desenvolvimento de aplicações para Smart TV sincronizadas com o programa sintonizado. Pretende-se fornecer ao desenvolvedor facilidades para construção de aplicações nesse domínio, de forma transparente, sem a necessidade de se preocupar com detalhes de implementação de nível baixo.

De senaste åren har marknaden för surfplattor växt massivt samtidigt som Smart-TV’s har kommit fram som en ny produktkategori. Detta arbete är en undersökningen i hur surfplattor tillsammans med Smart-TV kan användas för att skapa en bättre upplevelse för användaren. För detta utvecklades en applikation på en LG Smart TV som sammankopplades med en surfplatta för att visa information om ett pokerspel. Sedan utfördes en undersökning med intervjuer där hybridapplikationen jämfördes gentemot att bara spela på surfplattan. Resultatet visade att denna typ av applikationer har potential att fungera som ett bra komplement till att bara visa information på surfplattan i vissa situationer, men mer forskning inom området krävs. / In recent years the market for tablet has grown massively, while a new type of Television device called Smart TV has started to find its way into people’s homes. This study is dedicated to finding out if tablets can be used together with Smart TV’s in a single application to craft a better user experience. To enable this study, a poker application combining LG Smart TV with an Android tablet were created, where the TV was used as a way to show information on a much larger screen. The study used research interviews as a tool to compare this application to a similar application running on the tablet alone. The results points to this type of application having potential when designed properly, but that more research in the area is needed.

Denna studie undersöker uppfattningar som användare har gällande integritet, ansvar och säkerhet kring deras Smart TV:s. Det som har analyserats är vem användare anser att ansvaret angående säkerheten ligger hos, om det är tillverkare som står för den eller om andra aktörer bär på ansvaret. Vidare undersöker uppsatsen relaterade ämnen som användarvillkor, automatic content recognition (ACR), dark patterns samt integritetsparadoxen och kopplar dessa överlappande definitioner till hur dessa områden kan påverka användares syn på ansvarsfördelning och hur de kan ha påverkan på en användares agerande. Undersökningen består primärt av en kvantitativ studie. Genom en enkätundersökning som skickas ut genom sociala medier, har 187 respondenter från olika länder i Europa fått svara på vem eller vilka de tycker bär ansvaret för integritet och säkerhet av datainsamlingen som sker av smart TV:er. Vidare har de fått uppge om de känner någon oro kring datainsamlingen och om de vidtagit några åtgärder för att skydda sin integritet och säkerhet. Som komplement till enkätstudien har även en litteraturstudie gjorts för att kunna koppla studiens resultat till befintlig teori. Studien visar på att befintlig teori är i linje med enkätens resultat. Studien visar på att det inte finns någon korrelation mellan individens uppfattning om ansvar, individens oro och hur benägen individen är att vidta åtgärder. Detta fenomen benämns i teorin som “integritetsparadoxen”, som har visat att individer inte nödvändigtvis är mer benägna till att vidta åtgärder i förhållande till individens upplevda ansvar eller oro. Studien visar även på att majoriteten av användare tycker att ansvaret ligger hos tillverkarna och de flesta tycker inte att det är användaren i sig som bär på något ansvar för sin egen säkerhet. Majoriteten väljer att blint lita på tillverkarna i hopp om att deras data endast används till goda syften och gör därmed ingen research på egen hand. / This study examines the perceptions that users have regarding privacy, responsibility and security around their Smart TVs. The study analyzes who users consider to be responsible for security, whether it is the manufacturer who is responsible for it or whether other actors bear the responsibility. Furthermore, the paper examines related topics such as terms of use, automatic content recognition (ACR), dark patterns and the privacy paradox and connects these overlapping definitions to how these areas can affect users' views on the distribution of responsibilities and how they can have an impact on a user's actions. The survey primarily consists of a quantitative study. Through a survey sent out through social media, 187 respondents from different countries in Europe have had to answer who or who they think bears the responsibility for the integrity and security of the data collection that takes place by smart TVs. Furthermore, they have been told if they feel any concern about the data collection and if they have taken any measures to protect their privacy and security. As a complement to the survey study, a literature study has also been carried out in order to be able to connect the results of the study to existing theory. The study shows that existing theory is in line with the results of the survey. The study shows that there is no correlation between the individual's perception of responsibility, the individual's concern and how inclined the individual is to take action. This phenomenon is referred to in theory as the "integrity paradox", which means that individuals are not necessarily more inclined to take action in relation to the individual's perceived responsibility or concern. The study also shows that the majority of users think that the responsibility lies with the manufacturers and most do not think that it is the user themselves who bears any responsibility for their own safety. The majority choose to blindly trust the manufacturers in the hope that their data will only be used for good purposes and therefore does no research on their own.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-07-31T18:34:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FELIPE BARBOSA ARAÚJO RAMOS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2014..pdf: 8328573 bytes, checksum: 0548a10a7939d0db863b085abd12dbd5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-31T18:34:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FELIPE BARBOSA ARAÚJO RAMOS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2014..pdf: 8328573 bytes, checksum: 0548a10a7939d0db863b085abd12dbd5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-30 / Os Sistemas de Recomendação vêm sendo utilizados em diversos domínios de aplicação, mais recentemente, no domínio de TV (TV Digital, Smart TV, etc). Várias abordagens podem ser utilizadas para recomendar itens ou tags, baseadas principalmente no feedback dos usuários. Porém, no domínio de TV Digital a obtenção de feedback explícito é feita usualmente por meio do controle remoto, que deve ser evitado para maximizar a experiência do usuário ao ver TV. Além disso, como no contexto de Smart TV vários tipos de itens podem ser recomendados (filmes, músicas, livros, etc) a recomendação deve ser genérica o suficiente para se adequar a diferentes conteúdos. Portanto, para contornar o problema de obtenção de feedback e gerar recomendações que possam ser usadas por diferentes aplicações de Smart TV, neste trabalho é proposta uma arquitetura de recomendação baseada na extração e classificação de termos por meio da análise de descritivos textuais de programas de TV presentes nos guias de programação. A fim de validar a solução proposta, um protótipo usando um conjunto de dados real foi desenvolvido, mostrando que a partir dos termos recomendados é possível gerar recomendações finais para diferentes aplicações de Smart TV. / mmendation systems have been used in several application domains, most recently for TV (Digital TV, Smart TV, etc). Several existing approaches can be used to recommend items or tags, mainly based on user feedback. However, in the Digital TV domain, user feedback has to be done generally by using the remote control, which should be avoided to improve user experience. Moreover, in the Smart TV environment several types of items can be recommended (movies, music, books, etc). Thus, the recommendation should be generic enough to suit to different content. Therefore, to solve the problem of acquiring feedback and still generate personalized recommendations to be used by different Smart TV applications, this work proposes a recommendation architecture based on the extraction and classification of terms by analyzing the textual descriptions of TV programs present on electronic programming guides. In order to validate the proposed solution, a prototype using a real dataset has been developed, showing that from the recommended terms is possible to generate final recommendations for different Smart TV applications