Comparativement à la somme des travaux accumulés dans les pays occidentaux, les recherches sur les réseaux personnels sont encore rares en Chine, malgré l’importance des relations interpersonnelles dans ce pays. La recherche présentée dans cette thèse avait pour objectif de répondre aux questions suivantes : est-il possible de transposer dans une ville chinoise une méthode complexe d’analyse de réseaux personnels utilisée entre autres à San Francisco et à Toulouse? Etant donné le poids important des familles dans la vie sociale de ce pays, observe-t-on des spécificités fortes dans la structure et la composition des réseaux personnels, ou au contraire, assiste-t-on à une convergence des structures relationnelles (du moins dans les couches sociales moyennes et en milieu urbain) avec celles observées dans les pays occidentaux ? Au-delà, comment les caractéristiques des réseaux sont-elles liées aux situations sociales des enquêtés (sexe, âge, niveau d’études, etc.) ?La thèse repose sur une enquête originale effectuée auprès d’une population des couches moyennes urbaines de Chongqing en 2014-2015 en adaptant la méthode des générateurs de noms qui avait été utilisée à San Francisco et Toulouse. Les résultats de l'enquête de Chongqing sont suffisamment cohérents avec les enquêtes prises comme exemple pour convaincre de la faisabilité de ces comparaisons. Cependant, ces résultats montrent également des différences. A Chongqing, les enquêtés ne citent pas plus de membres de la famille que dans les autres enquêtes, mais ils les citent en priorité pour la plupart des questions. Si le niveau d’études est le facteur qui explique le mieux les variations de la taille des réseaux personnels dans les enquêtes de San Francisco et de Toulouse, la profession et le revenu sont plus importants à Chongqing. / Compared to the sum of work accumulated in Western countries, research on personal networks is still rare in China, despite the importance of interpersonal relations in this country. The research presented in this thesis was aimed at answering the following questions: Is it possible to transpose a complex method of analysis of personal networks used in San Francisco and Toulouse to a Chinese city? Given the higher importance of families in the social life of this country, do we observe strong specificities in the structure and composition of personal networks, or on the contrary, there is a convergence of relational structures (at least in the middle social strata and in urban areas) with those observed in Western countries ? Beyond that, how are the characteristics of the networks linked to the social situations of the respondents (gender, age, level of education, etc.) ?The thesis is based on an original survey of a population of urban middle classes in Chongqing in 2014-15 by adapting the name generator method that was used in San Francisco and Toulouse. The results of the Chongqing survey are sufficiently consistent with the surveys taken as an example to convince the feasibility of these comparisons. However, these results also show differences. In Chongqing, respondents did not cite more family members than in other surveys, but they cited them as a priority for most questions. While education is the factor that best accounts for the variation in the size of personal networks in the San Francisco and Toulouse surveys, occupation and income are more significant in Chongqing.

Chen, Wenhao. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-70). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Ontologies and Folksonomies --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Motivation --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Semantics in Folksonomies --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Ontologies with basic level concepts --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Context and Context Effect --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3 --- Contributions --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4 --- Structure of the Thesis --- p.8 / Chapter 2 --- Background Study --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1 --- Semantic Web --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2 --- Ontology --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3 --- Folksonomy --- p.14 / Chapter 2.4 --- Cognitive Psychology --- p.17 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Category (Concept) --- p.17 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Basic Level Categories (Concepts) --- p.17 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Context and Context Effect --- p.20 / Chapter 2.5 --- F1 Evaluation Metric --- p.21 / Chapter 2.6 --- State of the Art --- p.23 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Ontology Learning --- p.23 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Semantics in Folksonomy --- p.26 / Chapter 3 --- Ontology Learning from Folksonomies --- p.28 / Chapter 3.1 --- Generating Ontologies with Basic Level Concepts from Folksonomies --- p.29 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Modeling Instances and Concepts in Folksonomies --- p.29 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- The Metric of Basic Level Categories (Concepts) --- p.30 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Basic Level Concepts Detection Algorithm --- p.31 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Ontology Generation Algorithm --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2 --- Evaluation --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Data Set and Experiment Setup --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Quantitative Analysis --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Qualitative Analysis --- p.39 / Chapter 4 --- Context Effect on Ontology Learning from Folksonomies --- p.43 / Chapter 4.1 --- Context-aware Basic Level Concepts Detection --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Modeling Context in Folksonomies --- p.44 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Context Effect on Category Utility --- p.45 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Context-aware Basic Level Concepts Detection Algorithm --- p.46 / Chapter 4.2 --- Evaluation --- p.47 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Data Set and Experiment Setup --- p.47 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Result Analysis --- p.49 / Chapter 5 --- Potential Applications --- p.54 / Chapter 5.1 --- Categorization of Web Resources --- p.54 / Chapter 5.2 --- Applications of Ontologies --- p.55 / Chapter 6 --- Conclusion and Future Work --- p.57 / Chapter 6.1 --- Conclusion --- p.57 / Chapter 6.2 --- Future Work --- p.59 / Bibliography --- p.63

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as possibilidades das redes sociais da Internet, a partir dos usos e aplicações feitos por alunos e professores. Partindo da observação e análise das relações e interações, desenvolvidas nos grupos virtuais das redes sociais Facebook e WhatsApp, buscou-se verificar se as redes sociais na Internet possibilitaria uma inversão da hierarquia do saber e, se a presença de professores e alunos nesses grupos possibilitaria aquilo que o educador Paulo Freire denominou de educação dialógica. Ao longo da pesquisa foram observados grupos no Facebook, criados por alunos ou professores. A partir disso, foram observados os diálogos, a quantidade e os tipos de postagens, além da participação dos atores sociais envolvidos. Em seguida, comparou-se os grupos do Facebook, com os usos do aplicativo WhatsApp no qual alunos do ensino médio criaram grupos específicos para elaboração de uma atividade da disciplina de sociologia. A pesquisa concluiu que, não é possível afirmar uma inversão da hierarquia do saber, mas, sobretudo, relações de troca, onde, por meio das interações via grupos do Facebook, alunos e professores compartilhavam, em sua maioria, questões ligadas ao cotidiano vivenciadas no dia a dia. Sobre as possibilidades de uma dialogia no sentido proposto por Paulo Freire, a pesquisa apontou que no caso da utilização do WhatsApp, para elaboração de um trabalho em grupo, algumas práticas se mostraram satisfatórias, apresentando caminhos possíveis, porém, a dialogia presente nas redes sociais da Internet, ainda depende do trabalho desenvolvido em sala de aula no espaço off-line / This study aimed to analyze the possibilities of social Internet networks, from the uses and applications made by students and teachers. Starting from the observation and analysis of the relationships and interactions developed in the virtual groups in social network Facebook and WhatsApp, it sought to verify that social networking sites would allow a reversal of the hierarchy of knowledge and the presence of teachers and students in these groups would allow what the educator Paulo Freire called the dialogic education. Throughout the study, we observed groups created on Facebook, created by students or teachers. From this, the dialogues were observed, as well as the amount and types of posts, as well as participation of social actors involved. Then he compared the Facebook groups, with the WhatsApp application uses in which high school students created specific groups for developing a sociology discipline activity. The research concluded that it is not possible to say that there is an inversion of the hierarchy of knowledge, but, above all, terms of trade, which, through the interactions via Facebook groups, students and teachers shared, mostly issues related to daily life the experienced on a daily basis. On the possibilities of a dialogical in the sense proposed by Paulo Freire, the survey found that in the case of using WhatsApp, for the preparation of a working group, some possibilities seem to be satisfactory, presenting options, however, dialogy present in social networks Internet, still depend on the work done in the classroom, in the offline space

A avaliação acadêmica (de docentes, departamentos, programas de pós-graduação ou instituições) é uma atividade rotineira e utilizada para, por exemplo, a concessão de recursos para um projeto, definição da verba que será liberada a um dado programa de pós-graduação ou mesmo para a autorização do oferecimento de um curso de doutorado para um programa de pós-graduação. Contudo, determinar a qualidade do ensino não é uma tarefa trivial, com metodologias comparativas ainda em estudo. Dois destes critérios são informações bibliométricas e análise das redes de coautorias dos programas. Assim, o desenvolvimento de métodos e ferramentas para automatizar parte da avaliação ou mesmo para identificar a importância de diferentes métricas podem tanto auxiliar no processo de avaliação como servir para auxiliar as pessoas ou os grupos que serão avaliados. Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidas ferramentas para a realização automática de análise bibliométrica e de redes sociais para a caracterização e ranqueamento de grupos acadêmicos, bem como investigar a relação entre diferentes medidas e alguns ranqueamentos acadêmicos existentes. As ferramentas foram avaliadas considerando departamentos internacionais e programas de pós-graduação da área de Ciência da Computação. Os resultados de nosso estudo indicaram quais métricas contribuíram positivamente e negativamente para a posição dos ranqueamentos dos programas / The academic evaluation (of researchers, departments, graduate programs or institutions) is a routine activity and used for the granting of resources for a project, definition of the funds that will be released to a given graduate program or even for the authorization of the offering of a doctorate course. However, this activity is complex with comparative methodologies still in evaluation. Two criteria used are bibliometrics information and scientific social network analysis. Thus, the development of methods and tools to automate part of the evaluation or even to identify the importance of different metrics for the evaluation can both aid the evaluation process and serve as a guide for the researchers or groups that will be evaluated. In this work, tools were developed for performing automatically bibliometric and social networks analysis for the characterization and ranking of academic groups, as well as to investigate the relationship between different measures and some existing academic rankings. The tools were evaluated considering international departments and graduate programs in the Computer Science area. Our results showed which metrics contributed positively and negatively in the rank positioning of the programs

Legal regulation of sensitive commodity advertising (such as pharmaceutical drugs, dietary supplements, alcoholic beverages, tobacco products, games of chance) The subject of this thesis is the legal regulation of sensitive commodity advertising, such as tobacco products and alcoholic beverages on which I have focused in my work. The thesis is mainly based on topics relevant to current legislation and case law, which are directly linked to the advertising regulation of these products, and is based on controversy with the views of other experts on the subject. In my work I have not only described the historical development of advertisement in general, but also the initial introduction of advertising regulations as such, and, at the same time, the legal instruments related to the private and public law regulation with a detailed breakdown of relevant case law - without omission of international law and European Union law. Simultaneously, I have thoroughly analysed the issue of advertising regulations and its collision with the constitutionally established rights such as freedom of expression and freedom of enterprise also in the light of the imperative judicature decisions. One of the main parts of the analysis of this topic was also the focus on the ethical component of advertising self-regulation,...

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-07-13T17:04:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Raquel Rapach_.pdf: 956859 bytes, checksum: 54ba64c5836aacdbc6450124af3f746c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T17:04:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raquel Rapach_.pdf: 956859 bytes, checksum: 54ba64c5836aacdbc6450124af3f746c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-27 / Nenhuma / Este estudo está inserido no campo de marketing e varejo com viés para redes sociais, e com a pesquisa realizada buscou-se verificar o impacto das ações de marketing em redes sociais, utilizando uma marca conhecida no varejo gaúcho para realizar um experimento. As variáveis utilizadas foram encontradas em teorias referentes a marketing e redes sociais, com o o objetivo de coletar estudos recentes para verificar o que estava sendo aprofundado no campo de marketing. Como as redes sociais são muito procuradas pelos consumidores, as marcas no varejo têm demonstrado interesse em atuar dentro das redes sociais, buscando construir e manter um relacionamento mais interativo com os usuários (LABRECQUE, 2014). Tendo isso em mente, foi realizada uma etapa documental para acompanhamento de conteúdos postados por uma marca, para que uma pesquisa experimental fosse arquitetada a partir de lacunas verificadas na literatura. Sendo assim, as variáveis independentes: hedonismo, vivacidade e intimidade com a marca foram utilizadas como estímulos no experimento, através de vídeos de uma marca situada no varejo, por este formato ser verificado como mais interativo em redes sociais. Através destes estímulos, buscou-se verificar a existência de impacto destes sobre as variáveis dependentes: valor de marca, intenção de compra, boca a boca virtual e engajamento com a marca. Tais variáveis estão relacionadas aos estudos que envolvem marketing e redes sociais, verificados na literatura. A partir deste cenário, as rodadas de experimento foram realizadas em quatro grupos diferentes, sendo uma para cada estímulo para fins de efeito principal e um grupo para o efeito neutro, para fins do efeito placebo. A amostra é proveniente de alunos do curso de graduação em administração da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (Unisinos), e contou com 136 participantes no total. Os dados coletados foram analisados a partir dos testes estatísticos ANOVA e CHI QUADRADO. Os resultados demonstraram que as variáveis independentes impactaram as variáveis dependentes. A variável que mais impactou foi a intimidade com a marca, sendo aceita todas as hipóteses relacionadas. Portanto, os usuários estimulados com vídeos que possuem conteúdos que remetem à intimidade com a marca, tem maior propensão a atribuir valor de marca, realizar o boca a boca virtual através das redes sociais, engajar-se com a marca, assim como frequentar mais a loja da marca. Comprova-se que conteúdos pensados para redes sociais que envolvem marcas, trazem resultados positivos para as organizações. Os resultados desta pesquisa podem auxiliar os gerentes de marketing em organizações varejistas para investir em ações em redes sociais e realizar projetos que envolvam novos formatos de mídia. / This study is inserted in the marketing and retail field counting on a social networking trend. The research aims to verify the impact of marketing activities on social networks, using a well known brand situated in the retail market for an experiment performing. The variables used were found in theories relating marketing and social networks, with the aim of collecting recent studies to check what was being developed in the marketing field. As consumers are heavily inserted in the social networks, brands in retail have shown interest in acting within social networks, aiming to build and maintain a more interactive relationship with users (Labrecque, 2014). According to this, a documental stage was performed to verify the contents posted on Facebook by a brand. After this stage, an experimental research was architected according to the gaps found in the literature. Thus, the independent variables: hedonism, vividness and brand intimacy were used as stimuli in the experiment, through videos from a retail brand, which is a format that was verified as more interactive on social networks. Through these stimuli, it was possible to verify the existence of impacts on the dependent variables: brand equity, sales performance, word of mouth and brand engagement. These variables are related to studies involving marketing and social networks in the literature. From this scenario, the experiment rounds were held in four different groups, one for each stimulus for priming effect purposes and one for the neutral effect, making the placebo effect. The sample is from business management undergraduate degree students from Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (Unisinos), and was attended by 136 participants in total. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and CHI SQUARE statistical tests. The results show that the independent variables actually impact the dependent variables. The variable that most impacted was the brand intimacy, accepting all the hypothesis related. Therefore, users stimulated with videos that have brand intimacy content, are more likely to assign brand equity, perform the word of mouth through social networks, engage with the brand, as well as go to the shop of the brand to check on products. This research proves that the content prepared for social networks involving a brand, brings positive results for organizations. The findings of this research can help marketing managers in retail organizations to invest in social network actions and carry out projects involving new media formats.

Com a popularização dos dispositivos móveis, mais e mais pessoas assistem aos programas de televisão enquanto usam essas plataformas para acessar a web, em busca de informações sobre a atração e para compartilhar opiniões em redes sociais e sites onde a atração está em evidência. A pesquisa aqui apresentada reflete sobre como a convergência entre várias telas interfere na produção de sentido das mensagens apreendidas e na experiência de comunicação, especificamente no caso dos espectadores que assistem aos programas enquanto interagem nas redes sociais digitais Twitter e Facebook. Mais do que isso, quer entender como o jornalismo se posiciona quanto à esse uso simultâneo, aproveitando a seu favor ou não essa duplicidade de fontes de informação. Foram analisadas quatro editorias - esportes, entretenimento, política e cotidiano, por meio da cobertura jornalística de eventos de diferentes proporções e padrões de relevância (nacional e internacional). Os recortes de estudo da dissertação são o Carnaval 2013 - desfile das escolas de samba do grupo especial de São Paulo/SP e Rio de Janeiro/RJ e apresentações de trios elétricos em Salvador, Copa das Confederações FIFA 2013, notícias de três noticiários nacionais (Jornal Hoje, Jornal Nacional e Jornal da Cultura em abril/2014) e cobertura do Jornal da Cultura, Jornal Nacional, Jornal Hoje e Jornal da Globo sobre a votação do Marco Civil da Internet pelo Congresso Nacional brasileiro (março/2014). Em todos os casos analisados, a segunda tela é pouco explorada ou ignorada pela TV. A dificuldade não está na editoria, ao passo que foram analisadas desde específicas - como política e esportes - até geral. Também não é o tamanho do evento, considerando a Copa das Confederações FIFA 2013 que atrai a atenção mundial. A emissora de televisão tão pouco significa muito nesse processo de inaptidão social digital. A limitação está no papel que os comunicadores atribuem à Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação, priorizando a expansão do alcance das mensagens e não a usando como aliada para a renovação da proposta narrativa de noticiários que serão consumidos na companhia de telas secundárias. / With the popularization of mobile devices, more and more people watch the television programs while using these platforms to access the web, functioning as the second screen in the search for information about the attraction and opinions to share on social networks and websites where the attraction is in evidence. The research presented here reflects on how this convergence of multiple screens interferes with the production of meaning of messages and communication experience, with the focus the viewers while watching programs that are interacting in digital social networks Twitter and Facebook. More than that, how journalism understands that concurrent use, taking advantage of their favor or not the duplicity of information sources. Sports, entertainment, politics and everyday - a few days of news coverage of events in different proportions, patterns of national and international relevance, and four editors were analyzed. Comprise the study analysis of the 2013 Mardi Gras - parade of samba schools of São Paulo / SP and Rio de Janeiro / RJ and presentations of electric trucks in Salvador, FIFA Confederations Cup 2013 news from three national newscasts (Journal Today National Journal and Journal of Culture in abril/2014) and news coverage of the Journal of Culture, National Journal and Journal of the globe on the vote of the Civil Framework Internet by the Brazilian National Congress (março/2014). In all cases analyzed, the second screen is little explored or ignored by television. The difficulty is not in publishing, while we analyze specific long as politics and sports, to general. Nor is it the size of the event, considering the Confederations Cup, which attracts worldwide attention. The television station also involved does not mean much in the digital social awkwardness process. The limitation lies in the role that communicators attach to Information Technology and Communication, using the priority to support expansion of the message and not as allies to the proposed renewal of the narrative of newscasts that will be consumed in the company of secondary screens.

abstract: The pervasive use of social media gives it a crucial role in helping the public perceive reliable information. Meanwhile, the openness and timeliness of social networking sites also allow for the rapid creation and dissemination of misinformation. It becomes increasingly difficult for online users to find accurate and trustworthy information. As witnessed in recent incidents of misinformation, it escalates quickly and can impact social media users with undesirable consequences and wreak havoc instantaneously. Different from some existing research in psychology and social sciences about misinformation, social media platforms pose unprecedented challenges for misinformation detection. First, intentional spreaders of misinformation will actively disguise themselves. Second, content of misinformation may be manipulated to avoid being detected, while abundant contextual information may play a vital role in detecting it. Third, not only accuracy, earliness of a detection method is also important in containing misinformation from being viral. Fourth, social media platforms have been used as a fundamental data source for various disciplines, and these research may have been conducted in the presence of misinformation. To tackle the challenges, we focus on developing machine learning algorithms that are robust to adversarial manipulation and data scarcity. The main objective of this dissertation is to provide a systematic study of misinformation detection in social media. To tackle the challenges of adversarial attacks, I propose adaptive detection algorithms to deal with the active manipulations of misinformation spreaders via content and networks. To facilitate content-based approaches, I analyze the contextual data of misinformation and propose to incorporate the specific contextual patterns of misinformation into a principled detection framework. Considering its rapidly growing nature, I study how misinformation can be detected at an early stage. In particular, I focus on the challenge of data scarcity and propose a novel framework to enable historical data to be utilized for emerging incidents that are seemingly irrelevant. With misinformation being viral, applications that rely on social media data face the challenge of corrupted data. To this end, I present robust statistical relational learning and personalization algorithms to minimize the negative effect of misinformation. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Computer Science 2019

abstract: Due to the growing popularity of the Internet and smart mobile devices, massive data has been produced every day, particularly, more and more users’ online behavior and activities have been digitalized. Making a better usage of the massive data and a better understanding of the user behavior become at the very heart of industrial firms as well as the academia. However, due to the large size and unstructured format of user behavioral data, as well as the heterogeneous nature of individuals, it leveled up the difficulty to identify the SPECIFIC behavior that researchers are looking at, HOW to distinguish, and WHAT is resulting from the behavior. The difference in user behavior comes from different causes; in my dissertation, I am studying three circumstances of behavior that potentially bring in turbulent or detrimental effects, from precursory culture to preparatory strategy and delusory fraudulence. Meanwhile, I have access to the versatile toolkit of analysis: econometrics, quasi-experiment, together with machine learning techniques such as text mining, sentiment analysis, and predictive analytics etc. This study creatively leverages the power of the combined methodologies, and apply it beyond individual level data and network data. This dissertation makes a first step to discover user behavior in the newly boosting contexts. My study conceptualize theoretically and test empirically the effect of cultural values on rating and I find that an individualist cultural background are more likely to lead to deviation and more expression in review behaviors. I also find evidence of strategic behavior that users tend to leverage the reporting to increase the likelihood to maximize the benefits. Moreover, it proposes the features that moderate the preparation behavior. Finally, it introduces a unified and scalable framework for delusory behavior detection that meets the current needs to fully utilize multiple data sources. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2019

abstract: Understanding the consequences of changes in social networks is an important an- thropological research goal. This dissertation looks at the role of data-driven social networks on infectious disease transmission and evolution. The dissertation has two projects. The first project is an examination of the effects of the superspreading phenomenon, wherein a relatively few individuals are responsible for a dispropor- tionate number of secondary cases, on the patterns of an infectious disease. The second project examines the timing of the initial introduction of tuberculosis (TB) to the human population. The results suggest that TB has a long evolutionary history with hunter-gatherers. Both of these projects demonstrate the consequences of social networks for infectious disease transmission and evolution. The introductory chapter provides a review of social network-based studies in an- thropology and epidemiology. Particular emphasis is paid to the concept and models of superspreading and why to consider it, as this is central to the discussion in chapter 2. The introductory chapter also reviews relevant epidemic mathematical modeling studies. In chapter 2, social networks are connected with superspreading events, followed by an investigation of how social networks can provide greater understanding of in- fectious disease transmission through mathematical models. Using the example of SARS, the research shows how heterogeneity in transmission rate impacts super- spreading which, in turn, can change epidemiological inference on model parameters for an epidemic. Chapter 3 uses a different mathematical model to investigate the evolution of TB in hunter-gatherers. The underlying question is the timing of the introduction of TB to the human population. Chapter 3 finds that TB’s long latent period is consistent with the evolutionary pressure which would be exerted by transmission on a hunter- igatherer social network. Evidence of a long coevolution with humans indicates an early introduction of TB to the human population. Both of the projects in this dissertation are demonstrations of the impact of var- ious characteristics and types of social networks on infectious disease transmission dynamics. The projects together force epidemiologists to think about networks and their context in nontraditional ways. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Anthropology 2019