The dissertation is focused to the field of communication and it is divided up to three sections, which concur in order. The first section is aimed to delimitation, definiton, functions and types of social communication. The second section is applied to the pedagogic communication in a primary school background, and there are stated, as well as in the first section, definitions, functions and verbal and nonverbal communication. There are new chapters added to this section, which subsequently apply to the goal, subject, rules of pedagogic communication and the time aspect, that together with organizing forms and methods of teaching has the influence on the pedagogic communication. The last section is concentrated on the pedagogic communication in a after school daycare background, the content structure copies the previous section. For further specification, there is a chapter added in this section, that is focused to after school daycare as a place for education and cultivation in the time of not school teaching. The goal of this dissertation was the comparison of differences in pedagogic communication in a primary school and in a after-school daycare.

The Master thesis depicts a social climate in a classroom in Liberec region. The thesis is divided into two larger topic parts - theoretical part where basic terminology connected to the topic is explained and practical part. Theoretical findings introduce issues of classroom climate which partially originates from a larger superior topic of a school climate. The aim of the first part is to introduce each involved party that influences classroom climate daily and engages in measuring the climate. It answers why is important to watch and measure this phenomenon at school. The second part of the thesis describes practical usage of findings from the theoretical part. It deals with a quality research and comparison of results at selected primary schools in Liberec region. It examines differences which appear in a particular classroom in relation to school culture. Research results serve to realization of classroom climate at each school. The research was led in the sixth grades of each school and standardised questionnaire was used to measure the classroom climate MCI. KEYWORDSs: School Climate, Classroom Climate, Teacher, Pupil, Parent, Quality Research, Primary School, School Culture, Questionnaire MCI Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Una de las consecuencias del vertiginoso avance tecnológico de los últimos años ha sido la alteración de uno de los pilares de la cotidianeidad del ser humano: la sexualidad. Así, las tradicionales prácticas sexuales adquirieron nuevas posibilidades y escenarios para su desenvolvimiento. Este panorama, a su vez, brindó a los académicos nuevos puntos de vista desde los cuales aproximarse a este campo de estudio. Es así que este artículo analizó las características del discurso de los usuarios que forman parte del foro peruano ZonaCaleta, espacio virtual dedicado al intercambio de información sobre encuentros sexuales con prostitutas. Para ello se tomó como muestra 100 posts publicados en el 2015, los cuales fueron examinados a través de tres matrices: la primera buscó particularidades lingüísticas en el discurso, la segunda identificó algunas dinámicas tensivas que determinaban las sensaciones de placer o displacer en los foristas, y la tercera se ocupó de analizar la plataforma en sí. Gracias a estas herramientas se arribó hacia conclusiones tales como la existencia de un sociolecto entre los usuarios, la ficcionalización de los relatos a partir del uso de elementos literarios o la marcada cosificación del cuerpo femenino presente en el discurso de los foristas. / One of the consequences of the vertiginous technological advance of the last years has been the alteration of one of the pillars of the daily life of the human being: sexuality. Thus, the traditional sexual practices acquired new possibilities and scenarios for their development. This panorama, in turn, provided the academics new points of view to approach to this field of study. Therefore, this article analyzed the characteristics of the speech of the users that form part of the peruvian forum ZonaCaleta, virtual space dedicated to the exchange of information on sexual encounters with prostitutes. In order to do that, 100 posts published in 2015 were taken as sample and they were examined through three matrices: the first one searched for linguistic peculiarities in the discourse, the second identified some tensive dynamics that determined the feelings of pleasure or displeasure the forum members felt, and the third analyzed the platform itself. Thanks to these tools, we arrived at some important conclusions such as the existence of a sociolect among the users, the fictionalization of the stories due to the use of literary elements or the marked reification of the female body present in the discourse of the forum members. / Trabajo de investigación

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-05-12T19:20:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Nelson Laginestra Junior.pdf: 2585366 bytes, checksum: 64311f0ae81d222e4bf706ee0a01fb64 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-12T19:20:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nelson Laginestra Junior.pdf: 2585366 bytes, checksum: 64311f0ae81d222e4bf706ee0a01fb64 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / The purpose of this project is examine the chapter of the Federal Constitution of 1988 about the Brazilian Social Communication, focusing into structure and mechanics of the radio broadcast into the country, which is, into this study, the groups of radio stations and open television channels, explored as commercial product by the dealers of the respective public services. The main objective is to search answers for the following inquiring: Are the constitutionals guidelines for means of communication who broadcast image and sound by electromagnetic waves into the national territory effective? The project will be exposed as an essay presented into the legal studies master`s degree project of the Universidade Nove de Julho, associated to the research line called Justice and the efficiency paradigm. Focusing into the sequence of the objectives - both general and specific – will be examined how the big groups owners of the radio and open television public concessions were formed, since the first radio broadcasts into Brazil. Will be persecuted the origins of the formation of the called national radio and television networks, to next, examine the Brazilian option for the private model into the construction and expansion of this media corporations, over the influence of the 1964 putsch, and into the time period between the last military government the end of the National Constituent Assembly of 1987 -1988. The Comparative Law will support the analysis focusing into the constitutional treatment given to the system of broadcast into Brazil and into the United States of America. Next, will be contemplated the decision of the Federal Supreme Court who culminated into the “Media law” into homeland legal framework, and the respective consequences of the decision into the Right of Reply. The exposed investigation will contemplate the analysis of the constitutionals precepts related to the seal of monopoly and oligopoly into the Social Communication sector, to the relativism of editorial liberty and to the prevision of the complementariness of the communication systems public, private and state. The method that will be used is the hypothetical – deductive, supported by the comparative and historical methods. The results gained will show: the dissonance between the guidelines of the Federal Constitution of 1988 and the fateful reality about the structure and mechanics of radio and open television broadcasters; the perception that those mass media vehicles have the main vectors of the debate of public concern; the economic power of the big radio and television networks is corollary of the public concern debate control; the internet, despite it mitigates the control of information received from media corporations, still have real efficacy about the effective pluralism desired into the information vortex and cultural productions; the self regulation of the sector is the base for the ideal attempt of lend effectiveness to the constitutional guidelines for the Social Communication, under the guarantee of the freedom of speech, into the actuation of the radio and open signal television broadcasters. / O objetivo desta análise é examinar o Capítulo da Constituição Federal de 1988 dedicado à Comunicação Social no Brasil, com especial foco à estrutura e ao funcionamento do sistema de radiodifusão no País, compreendido, para efeitos deste estudo, como o conjunto de emissoras de rádio e de televisão de sinal aberto, exploradas comercialmente pelos concessionários dos respectivos serviços públicos. O objetivo específico é buscar respostas à indagação: são efetivas as diretrizes constitucionais destinadas aos meios de comunicação que transmitem imagem e som através de ondas eletromagnéticas no território nacional? O trabalho será exposto na forma de dissertação apresentada no âmbito do Programa de Mestrado em Direito da Universidade Nove de Julho, aderente à linha de pesquisa denominada Justiça e o paradigma da eficiência. Para a consecução dos objetivos - geral e específico - examinar-se-á como se formaram os grandes grupos detentores das concessões públicas de rádio e de televisão de sinal aberto, desde os primórdios das primeiras transmissões radiofônicas no Brasil. Perseguir-se-á a gênese da formação das chamadas redes nacionais de rádio e de televisão para, a seguir, investigar a opção brasileira pelo modelo privado na construção e expansão dessas corporações midiáticas, sob a influência do Golpe de 1964, e no período compreendido entre o término do último governo militar e o final da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987-1988. A análise buscará auxílio no Direito Comparado com foco no tratamento constitucional dispensado ao sistema de radiodifusão no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos da América. Contemplar-se-á na sequência do estudo observação a recair sobre a decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal que expurgou a chamada “Lei de Imprensa” do Ordenamento Jurídico pátrio, e as respectivas consequências do referido decisório acerca do Direito de Resposta. A investigação proposta marchará no campo da análise dos preceitos constitucionais relativos à vedação de monopólios e oligopólios no setor da Comunicação Social, à relativização da liberdade editorial e à previsão da complementariedade dos sistemas de comunicação público, privado e estatal. O método utilizado será o hipotético-dedutivo, auxiliado pelo método comparativo e pelo método histórico. Os resultados colhidos apontarão: a dissonância entre as diretrizes da Constituição Federal de 1988 e a realidade fática quanto à estrutura e às formas de atuação das emissoras de rádio e de televisão de sinal aberto; a percepção de que os referidos veículos de comunicação de massas constituem os principais vetores do debate de interesse público; o poderio econômico das grandes redes de rádio e de televisão é corolário do controle do debate de interesse público; a internet, apesar de mitigar o controle da informação proveniente das corporações midiáticas, ainda constitui meio de eficácia restrita quanto ao efetivo pluralismo desejado no âmbito fluxo de informações e produções culturais; a autorregulação do setor desponta como tentantiva idônea de emprestar efetividade às diretrizes constitucionais destinadas à Comunicação Social, sob a garantia da liberdade de expressão, no âmbito de atuação das emissoras de rádio e de televisão de sinal aberto.

El presente estudio analiza cómo la gestión de la comunicación es aplicada por un centro de salud privado en Lima, Perú, para promocionar la salud sexual y reproductiva, y de esta manera, generar cambios más saludables en los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de las personas. Se identificarán los medios utilizados para la planeación, gestión y evaluación de la campaña, y los factores que influyeron en su elección. También se analizará el desarrollo de la estrategia de comunicación planeada y la valoración de esta. Para realizar esta investigación con un diseño fenomenológico, y desde un paradigma interpretativo, la técnica de recolección de datos será la entrevista semiestructurada, que mantiene un equilibrio entre la estructura de una conversación guiada y la flexibilidad de poder utilizar un acercamiento creativo para aprovechar la entrevista desde distintos ángulos y enfoques que nos permitan conseguir resultados más fiables y certeros. El análisis de los resultados será temático. Bajo esta perspectiva, se identificarán a mayor detalle los patrones y los temas de mayor importancia en base al análisis de las entrevistas, obteniendo así una mejor comprensión del fenómeno en cuestión. / The present study analyzes how communication management is applied by a private health center in Lima-Peru to promote sexual and reproductive health and, also, contribute to generate healthier changes on people's knowledge, attitudes and practices. The resources applied for the planning and evaluation of the campaign will be identified, along with a justification for their use. The development of the planned communication strategy and its evaluation will also be analyzed. To carry out this research with a phenomenological design, and from an interpretive model, the data collection technique will be the semi-structured interview, which maintains a balance between the structure of a guided conversation and the flexibility to use a creative approach to take advantages of variety of angles and perspectives which will allow us to achieve more reliable and accurate results. The analysis of the results will be thematic. Through this perspective, it will be able to identify in greater detail the most important patterns and themes based on the analysis of interviews, thus getting a better understanding of the phenomenon in question. / Trabajo de investigación

In my dissertation, I discuss the problematic of feedback in a leadership of medical non- doctor personnel and in directing its working performance. My aim was to comprehend and elucidate the process of feedback between superior and subordinate personnel, specifically between bedside nurses/assistive personnel and a charge nurse. As a secondary objective, I decided to investigate potential areas for improvement in leading management and to suggest possible advancements, which could contribute to more effective directing of work performance through the use of feedback. The dissertation is divided into two parts, theoretical and empirical. In the first theoretical part, I begin with defining the meaning of feedback. Following, I introduce topics that include: feedback in social communication, feedback in the process of directing work performance and work motivation. In the second empirical part, I present research conducted with the use of qualitative methodology, where the reader can view the discussed problematic from the perspective of subordinate (bedside nurses/assistive personnel) and superior (charge nurses) personnel. Key words: feedback, social communication, work performance, medical non-doctor personnel, bedside nurse, assistive personnel, healthcare, nursing, work motivation

Depuis longtemps, la réussite éducative est au coeur des préoccupations des acteurs du milieu scolaire. Pour certains élèves, comme ceux qui présentent un handicap ou des difficultés d’adaptation ou d’apprentissage, il peut s’avérer ardu d’optimiser leur développement personnel, social et académique. Parmi ceux-ci, les élèves présentant des difficultés d’adaptation et de comportement constituent l’une des populations pour lesquelles les intervenants se sentent le plus dépourvus de ressources. La recherche a démontré l’efficacité d’interventions comme celles adoptant une approche cognitivo-comportementale ou celles misant sur le développement des compétences socioémotionnelles. Toutefois, les effets obtenus demeurent modestes et ne sont pas toujours maintenus à long terme. De surcroît, les jeunes ayant des difficultés d’adaptation et de comportement présentent des besoins diversifiés qui sont parfois occultés. Notamment, plusieurs d’entre eux auraient des difficultés de langage et de communication. Des difficultés de communication sociale, particulièrement sur le plan des habiletés pragmatiques, seraient présentes chez ces élèves. Pourtant, ces dernières ne seraient que rarement identifiées, signifiant que les interventions qui leur sont proposées ne les prendraient pas en considération. Conséquemment, la présente thèse doctorale détaille l’implantation et les impacts d’une intervention ciblant la communication sociale, et spécifiquement les habiletés pragmatiques, chez des élèves du primaire fréquentant une classe spécialisée de soutien au comportement en raison de difficultés comportementales significatives et persistantes. Grâce à un devis quasi expérimental, celle-ci poursuit trois objectifs : 1) évaluer les effets de l’intervention sur les habiletés pragmatiques de jeunes d’âge scolaire primaire présentant des difficultés d’adaptation et de comportement, 2) évaluer les effets de l’intervention sur leurs manifestations comportementales et 3) documenter la qualité de l’implantation de l’intervention. Ainsi, 29 enfants et quatre enseignantes d’un Centre de services scolaire de la grande région de Montréal ont été recrutés. Une intervention hebdomadaire en classe leur a été proposée pendant huit semaines et des questionnaires avant et après celle-ci ont été remplis par les parents et les enseignantes. Trois articles composent cette thèse. Le premier article expose la problématique entourant les relations entre le langage, la communication et le comportement chez l’enfant. Il soutient la pertinence sociale et scientifique de ce projet. Il aborde les principaux concepts de l’étude, dont celui de la communication sociale. Le second article propose une synthèse des connaissances liant la pragmatique développementale aux difficultés d’adaptation et de comportement chez l’enfant. Il examine ces liens à la fois pour les manifestations comportementales intériorisées et extériorisées, ainsi que dans le contexte de la maltraitance qui s’avère fréquemment associé aux comportements inadaptés. Le dernier article situe l’importance de la communication sociale au sein du modèle du traitement de l’information sociale. Il présente les résultats obtenus dans ce projet de recherche. Bien que cette thèse doctorale ne démontre pas de changements statistiquement significatifs à la suite de l’intervention implantée, celle-ci accentue la pertinence d’étudier les relations entre le langage, la communication et le comportement. Elle stimule la réflexion sur les interventions en milieu scolaire et sur les recherches futures afin d’assurer la réussite éducative des élèves présentant des difficultés d’adaptation et de comportement. / In schools, educational success of all students is central. However, optimizing personal, social and academic development can be difficult for some students, such as those with a disability or with adaptation or learning difficulties. More specifically, helping students with adjustment and behavioural difficulties can be quite challenging for educators who are not always adequately equipped to face their challenges. Over the years, research has demonstrated the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural approaches and interventions focusing on the development of socioemotional skills. However, the effects obtained with those interventions remain modest and are not always maintained over time. Moreover, children with adjustment and behavioural difficulties have diverse needs that are sometimes overlooked in both research and practice. In fact, most of them present language and communication impairments that impact their social communication and pragmatic skills. However, these difficulties are rarely identified, and therefore not considered in the interventions they receive. In light of these findings, this doctoral thesis details the implementation and impacts of an intervention targeting social communication, and more specifically pragmatic skills, in elementary school students with significant and persistent behavioural difficulties attending a specialized behavioural support class. Using a quasi-experimental design, the study had three objectives: 1) to evaluate the intervention’s effects on the pragmatic skills of elementary school-aged children with adjustment and behavioural difficulties attending a specialized class, 2) to evaluate the intervention’s effects on the children’s behavioural manifestations, and 3) to document the quality of the intervention’s implementation. Thus, 29 children and four teachers from a school board in the greater Montreal area were recruited. A weekly classroom intervention was offered for eight weeks, and pre- and post-intervention forms were completed by parents and teachers. This thesis is built around three articles. The first article presents the relationship between language, communication, and behaviour in children. It supports the social and scientific relevance of this research project and discusses the study’s main concepts, including social communication. The second article synthesizes the knowledge linking developmental pragmatics to adaptation and behavioural difficulties in children. This overview examines the links between those concepts for both internalized and externalized behavioural manifestations, as well as in the context of maltreatment, which is frequently associated with maladaptive behaviours. The third and final paper situates the importance of social communication within the social information processing model. It presents the results obtained in this research project. Although this doctoral thesis does not show statistically significant changes following the intervention’s implementation, it highlights the relevance of examining the relationship between language, communication, and behaviour. It paves the way for a reflection on the type of interventions that need to be implemented in the school environment and on the research that should be pursued to ensure the educational success of students with adjustment and behavioural difficulties.

The topic of this diploma thesis is Interaction between parent and child with autistic spectrum disorder. The theoretical part is about mental development neurotypical preschool child and child with ASD, focused on social skills, speech and play. Emphasis is placed on reciprocity in parent-child socio-communication interaction. Next chapter is devoted to the specifics of raising a child with ASD. Empirical part contains qualitative research to investigate individual variability in social-communication behaviour in dyadic interaction parent-child with ASD. Videos were taken from which the socio-reciprocal skills, frequency and quality of interactions and initiation of contact on the part of the child and its response to parental initiation were analysed. Special attention was paid to making eye contact. The output of the thesis is practical recommendations for mothers, detailed qualitative analyses of observed interactions and a more detailed description of the socio-communicative behaviour of children with PAS. Keywords: interaction parent-child with ASD, social skills, social reciprocity, reciprocity in social communication, reciprocal-social behavior, play of preschool child, preschool child with ASD

研究目的：欲瞭解自閉症類疾患兒童，橫跨幼兒期、學齡前期至學齡期的自閉症狀發展軌跡，探究當中是否存有不同的發展軌跡，並檢視不同發展軌跡的群體在認知功能與適應行為隨時間的變化型態是否有差異，以及不同群體在早期的社會溝通能力或療育經驗上是否有差異。 方法：本研究有37名自閉症類與24位非自閉症類受試者納入分析，共測量三次：時間點一平均生理年齡為2歲半、時間點二為4歲、時間點三為8歲半。於三個時間點皆以自閉症診斷觀察量表評估自閉症狀嚴重度、以及穆林發展量表或魏氏兒童智力量表第四版評估認知功能，在時間點二與時間點三以文蘭適應行為量表第二版評估適應行為；另外，在時間點一以台灣版兩歲期自閉症篩檢工具評估社會溝通能力，以及在時間點一至時間點二之間，以電話訪問的方式紀錄兒童每週參與療育的時數。 結果：由階層式集群分析結果顯示，社交情感嚴重度校正分數可將自閉症類與非自閉症類兒童分群，並於自閉症類兒童中可再分為維持高嚴重度組與退步組。兩組自閉症類兒童於學齡時期在社交情感症狀皆呈現嚴重度明顯上升的趨勢，在認知功能與適應行為隨時間的變化型態相似，不過維持高嚴重度組在認知功能與適應行為有較低的分數（但未達統計顯著）。此外，兩組自閉症類兒童於時間點一的意圖溝通能力即有差異，不過僅共享式注意力可預測日後社交情感症狀發展軌跡之分群。 總結：由結果可見自閉症狀維持高嚴重度組，於認知功能與適應行為有較明顯缺損，推論自閉症類兒童的自閉症狀嚴重度與認知功能及適應行為並非完全獨立的變項。兩組自閉症類兒童於學齡期症狀嚴重度上升，而此趨勢在退步組兒童更為明顯。雖然本研究並未發現早期療育經驗對於社交情感症狀發展的影響，不過共享式注意力對於日後社交情感症狀有預測力。進一步討論此結果在理論與臨床實務上的應用。 / Purposes: the purpose of the study was to plot longitudinal developmental trajectories of autism symptom severity in the children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) from toddler age to school age. And to examine whether these different trajectories are associated with the cognitive function, adaptive behavior, early social communication skill, and early intervention experience. Methods: Thirty-seven children with ASDs and 24 children with developmental delay participated at time 1 (mean chronological age was 2.5 years old), and then followed at time 2 (mean chronological age was 4 years old) and time 3 (mean chronological age was 8.5 years old). The study assessed the autism symptom severity by ADOS and cognitive function by MSEL or WISC-Ⅳ at three time points; adaptive behavior by VABS-II at time 2 and time 3; and early social communication skills by T-STAT at time 1 and also used telephone interviews to record participants’ weekly intervention hours during time 1 to time 2. Results: In hierarchical cluster analysis, social affect calibrated severity score (CSS) could discriminate ASDs and Non-ASDs groups, also could divided ASDs into two groups, called persistent high and worsening groups. The social affect symptom severity increased at school age in both groups. On the other hand, the change of cognitive function and adaptive behavior with time showed similar pattern in the two groups. However, participants in the persistent high group have relatively lower scores of cognitive function and adaptive behavior, although did not rearch statistically significant. Furthermore, two ASDs groups at toddler showed difference in intention communication skills; however, only joint attention could predict social affect trajectory subgrouping. Conclusions: In summery, the study showed that persistent high group has more cognitive and adaptive function impairments than the worsening group in the children with ASDs. It seemed that the autistic symptom are not entirely independent with cognitive function and adaptive behavior. Moreover, the symptom severity increased at school age in both the persistent high and the worsening groups, and this trend was more significant in the worsening group. Additionally, the experience of early intervention showed no significant effects on developmental trajectories of social affect symptom; however, the joint attention was found to be an index to predict the development of social affect symptom in ASDs groups. The theoretical and clinical implications were discussed.

The social web has emerged concurrent with a decline in Americans' community involvement and number of close friendships. Hundreds of millions of people connect online, but they appear to have fewer confidants and trust each other less. However, contrasting research finds that web users have better social integration and stronger relationships than their offline counterparts. This thesis resolves these contradictory views through a detailed examination of social network site (SNS) use and changes in relationships and individual well-being. The research is conducted at multiple levels looking at how different types of SNS use—direct interaction with others and more “passive consumption” of social news—influence the number and quality of individuals’ social ties and their aggregate social capital and well-being, including perceived social support, happiness, and physical health. The studies combine objective measures of SNS use (communication activity from the server logs of a popular social networking site) with self-reports of tie strength and well-being to accurately differentiate types of use with different partners. Longitudinal methods reveal how well-being changes over time with SNS use and are moderated by personal characteristics such as social communication skill and recent job loss.