We can know that the failure of ISD project may result from knowledge resource risk, including insufficient knowledge and failed to integrated available diversified knowledge. As a result, it is very important issue for ISD team that how to integration a large number of knowledge from diversified background team members. This study explores the affecting factors of knowledge integration within ISD team from team composition view and based on similarity-attraction theory. The theory framework starts form three dimensions, including demographic similarity, cognitive similarity and goal similarity, affecting the interpersonal attraction and then explores the impact of similarity of team members on team integration which includes social integration and knowledge. An empirical survey methodology is applied to test the research model and six hypotheses are developed in this study, and then we use PLS to analyze it. Our empirical results showed that goal similarity is significant affecting on interpersonal attraction. The study results also found that interpersonal attraction is a mediator between similarity and construct of team integration. In addition, social integration is an important antecedent of knowledge integration and similarity of team members also affect knowledge integration indirectly. In sum, unlike much prior research that focused on diversity-conflict view of team composition, we take similarity-attraction view and proposed a more comprehensive model to explore the affecting factors of knowledge integration. And this study provides some suggestions for the knowledge integration research.

Diss. Stockholm : Univ., 2007.

Diss. Uppsala : Univ., 2008.

Masteropgave. / Format: PDF. Bibl.

published_or_final_version / Sociology / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Despite a long history of providing open-door access to students who might not otherwise have an opportunity to attend college, community colleges have not been as effective in fostering student success. To counter this trend, early intervention programs have been developed to facilitate academic and social integration for first semester students to improve student success. However, there is much that is not known about the influence of orientation programs at community colleges as an intervention strategy. Therefore, this study examines the influence of one new student orientation on first semester student success. Grounded in frameworks developed by Astin (1984, 1993, 1999), Tinto (1975, 1993), and Bean and Metzner (1985), this study examines the ability of a new student orientation to academically and socially integrate students into the culture of the institution. The following research questions are posed: • Does new student orientation influence student retention; • Does new student orientation influence student success; • Does new student orientation influence student persistence; • Does new student orientation facilitate a student’s social integration into the institution? • Does new student orientation facilitate a student’s academic integration into the institution? The focus of this case study is a publicly supported, two-year, comprehensive community college that is part of a multiple college district located in a suburban area outside of a major city in Texas. Participants are students who attended a new student orientation session. Employing a mixed methods research approach, data is gathered on student success, retention, persistence, and through interviews. Findings demonstrate that there was no significant difference in first semester retention for students who participated in a new student orientation and for those who did not. However, students who participated in orientation were more likely to be successful in their first semester in college and much more likely to re-enroll for their second semester at the institution. New student orientation also facilitated students’ social and academic integration into the institution. This study concludes with recommendations for program improvement, recommendations for further research, and a discussion of implications for community college policy and practice in developing new student orientation programs. / text

This dissertation examines contemporary changes in relations and forms of urban governance by focusing on neighborhood associations in Tucson and analyzing their practices and experiences in the midst of an emerging trend that values collective action and direct democracy. This urban ethnography focuses on practices, strategies, and ideologies of neighborhood associations to discuss issues of representation, participation, and social integration. This dissertation is based on fieldwork conducted for a total of 24 months between 2005 and 2007. It combines participant observation and in-depth interviews with Tucson residents, members of neighborhood associations, and City and non-governmental organizations' officials.This work is presented in three main parts divided into several chapters. In the first part, I provide a general review of the development of concepts of governance and representative democracy in contemporary as well as earlier times. I aim to contextualize the work of neighborhood associations within a general movement towards more direct participatory democracy and argue that a new understanding of the transformations impacting the functioning of representative democracy is crucial to its preservation as a central institution of social integration.The second part of this dissertation presents an analysis of fieldwork data and argues that neighborhood associations are positioning themselves, at the local and global levels, as an important part of the emerging discourses and practices of civil society. Within this broad context, neighborhood associations engage in a variety of activities, pursue multiple strategies, and adopt very different ideologies. A central idea that results from this analysis is that neighborhood associations greatly value practices of direct democracy and strive to exercise greater control over processes of representative democracy in order to prevent its perceived deficiencies from thwarting their projects and corrupting their ideals.The third part extends the data analysis and provides a political and historical reconstruction of neighborhood associations and their cultural evolution as a continuation of the counterculture movement of the 1960s. I also argue that there is a powerful drive towards the global implementation and exercise of direct democratic processes. I draw on the example of Morocco's urban governance reforms and discuss its growing neighborhood associations to show the delicate and conflicted paths they tread between their engagement with the existing system of representative democracy and their attempts to step beyond the limitations of that system to carry out some of the ideals of building a direct and participatory urban democracy.

Darbe keliamas probleminis klausimas: kokios integracijos į darbo rinką problemos kyla vyrams, grįžusiems iš įkalinimo įstaigų ir kaip patys prisideda prie integracijos gerinimo. Darbo tikslas–išryškinti veiksnius trukdančius vyrams, grįžusiems iš įkalinimo įstaigų, integruotis į darbo rinką. Uždaviniai: 1. Teoriniame lygmenyje išryškinti socialinės rizikos grupės atstovų situaciją Lietuvos darbo rinkoje. 2. Išryškinti socialinės paramos teikiamos vyrams, grįžusiems iš įkalinimo įstaigų ypatumus. 3. Nustatyti veiksnius trukdančius vyrams, grįžusiems iš įkalinimo įstaigų, integruotis į darbo rinką. Darbo objektas –vyrų, grįžusių iš įkalinimo įstaigų, integracija į darbo rinką. Metodai: mokslin��s literatūros ir dokumentų analizė; kiekybinis tyrimas - apklausa raštu. Apklausoje raštu dalyvaus Kauno miesto viešųjų įstaigų klientai: Nakvynės namų, Lietuvos Carito, krikščioniškojo labdaros fondo „Tėvo namai“, Pataisos inspekcijos, Šančių – Panemunės PK, Darbo biržos ir socialinių reikalų skyriaus klientai. Tiriamųj�� populiacija ir imtis. Tyrime dalyvaus 99 vyrai, grįžę iš įkalinimo įstaigų. Išanalizavus vyrų, grįžusių iš įkalinimo įstaigų, integracijos į darbo rinką sunkumus galima teigti: o Didelę integracijos į darbo rinką problemą lemia vyrų, grįžusių iš įkalinimo įstaigų, darbo jėgos charakteristika: žemas išsilavinimo lygis, profesinis nepasirengimas, menka darbo motyvacija. o Vyrai, atlikdami laisvės atėmimo bausmę įkalinimo įstaigoje ir nedirbdami, praranda užimtumo bei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In this work there is raised problematic question: what problems raise for men, who came back from imprisonment and how they themselves contribute to improvement of integration. The purpose of work- to highlight dificulties of integration to labour market of men, who came back from imprisonment institutions. Tasks: 1. To highlight in theoretical level the situation of social risk group’s representatives in labour market of Lithuania. 2. To highligh peculiarities of social assistance that is provided for men, who came back from custodial establishments. 3. To determine factors, limiting men’s, who came back from custodial establishments, integration to labour market. The object of work- integration of men, who came back from custodial establishments, to labour market. Methods: analysis of scientific literature and documents; quantitative reseach- written quiz.In written quiz there will participate clients of public entities of Kaunas: clients of Common lodging-house, Caritas of Lithuania, Christian welfare fund „Tėvo namai“, Reformatory inspectorates, Šančiai- Panemunė District PC, Jobcentre and department of social affairs. Population and scope of those surveyed. In this research there will take place 99 men, came back from custodial establishments. While analyzing men’s, who came back from custodial establishments, difficulties of integration to labour market, it is possible to state that: o The problem of integration to labour market is raised by workforce... [to full text]

Tobulinant socialinių paslaugų sistemos efektyvumą, teikiant kuo įvairesnes paslaugas sutrikusio regėjimo žmonėms, pritaikant fizinę aplinką, būtina integruotis į vietinę bendruomenę ir įtraukti kitas nevyriausybines organizacijas į šią veiklą. Tuo būdu yra sudaromos sąlygos teikti paslaugas toms žmonių grupėms, kurioms iš tikrųjų jų reikia bendruomenėje. LASS įkurtų bendruomenės centrų teikiamų socialinių paslaugų plėtra vykdoma tiek respublikos mastu, tiek VŠĮ Vilniaus ir Alytaus regiono aklųjų centre. Subūrus stiprią socialinių darbuotojų komandą, pasitelkus šių regionų savivaldą, kitas neįgaliųjų NVO, nuo 1997 metų LASS, steigdama bendruomenės socialinių paslaugų centrus (pvz. 2007 m vasario mėn. įkurtas LASS Lazdijų rajono filialas) gerokai praplėtė regėjimo negalios žmonėms teikiamų socialinių paslaugų įvairovę. Pagerėjo jų kokybė, prieinamumas, o tai sudaro žmogui natūralias sąlygas gyventi savo bendruomenėje. Sutrikusio regėjimo asmenys pradeda sėkmingai integruotis į Alytaus miesto bendruomenės gyvenimą (išskyrus Lazdijų rajoną), tampa savarankiškesni, jaučiasi užtikrinti, turiningai leidžia laisvalaikį, gauna įvairaus pobūdžio konsultacijas, susiranda naujų draugų. Pokyčiai vietiniame lygyje skatina žmonių socialinį aktyvumą, tuo sukurdami sąlygas nuolatinei socialinei integracijai bei raidai. Tai atitinka socialinės politikos, vykdomos sutrikusio regėjimo žmonių atžvilgiu prioritetus. Tyrimo aktualumas – neįgalieji yra visuomenės mažuma, kurios integracija iki... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / When improving the effectiveness of the social system services, providing various services to people with impaired vision and adapting the physical environment, it is necessary to integrate into the society and incorporate other non-governmental organizations into these activities. Thus the conditions for provision of services to such groups of people who really need them are created. The development of the social services provided by the community centres founded by LASS is carried out both at the republican level and in the Vilnius and Alytus regions centres for the blind. Having gathered a strong social workers’ team, invoking the authorities of those regions as well as non-governmental organizations for the disabled, the LASS, since 1997, by establishing community social services centres (e. g. in February 2007 was established the Lazdijai Region branch) has significantly widened the range of social services provided to the people with impaired vision. Their quality and availability has improved which provides people with natural conditions for living in their community. The people with impaired vision are starting successfully integrate into the life of the Alytus City community (excluding Lazdijai District), they become more independent, feel themselves more secure, spend their leisure time productively, get different kinds of consultations and meet new friends. Changes at the local level encourage people’s social activity, thus creating conditions for the permanent... [to full text]

Socialinis ir ekonominis šalies vystymasis yra paremtas harmoningu individo santykiu su visuomene, jo pilnaverčiu socialiniu funkcionavimu. Kiekvienai valstybei tenka didžiulis vaidmuo ir atsakomybė, laiduojant savo tautos socialinę pažangą ir gerovę, kuri susideda iš kiekvieno jos nario, taip pat ir turinčio tam tikrų raidos sutrikimų, gerovės ir nuolatinės pažangos. Visame pasaulyje vienu iš sunkiausių neįgalumų, kuris ne tik fiziškai kamuoja, bet ir dvasiškai sukrečia žmogų, yra neregystė ir silpnaregystė. Demokratiška visuomenė turėtų užtikrinti asmenims, kenčiantiems nuo šių sutrikimų, siekti kaip galima geresnio išsilavinimo, saviraiškos darbinėje, kultūrinėje, visuomeninėje sferose. Tyrimo tikslas: Atskleisti žmonių su regėjimo negalia socialinės integracijos ypatumus Lietuvoje. Tyrimo uždaviniai: Remiantis moksline ir teisine literatūra, išanalizuoti asmenų su regėjimo negalia teisinius ir teorinius socialinės integracijos aspektus Lietuvoje; Išanalizuoti sutrikusio regėjimo žmonių reabilitacijos, edukacijos, profesinės orientacijos ir socialinės integracijos praktinius ypatumus Lietuvoje; Numatyti asmenų su regėjimo sutrikimais socialinės integracijos tobulinimo kryptis. Tyrimo metodai: Psichologinės, edukologinės literatūros ir teisinės bazės analizė; Anketavimas; Statistinė duomenų analizė. Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad Lietuvos Respublikoje veikiantys teisės aktai užtikrina lygias galimybes visiems žmonėms, tame tarpe ir asmenims su regėjimo negalia... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Social and economical development of the country is an essential guarantee for harmonious relationship between human and society, and his/her full social functioning. Every country gets an enormous role and responsibility in guaranteeing social progress and welfare of its nation, in planning the means of social development and the infrastructure of social services. In the whole world losing sight is considered as one of the most difficult disabilities that not only tortures physically but is also spiritually shocking. Blindness as a phenomenon has existed since the earliest times and unfortunately in spite of all the progress of medicine will exist for a long time. It is familiar to the people of different cultures ant different epochs. The aim of the research: to reveal the peculiarities of social integration of people with visual impairment in Lithuania. The objectives of the research: with the reference to scientific and juridical literature to analyze legal and theoretical aspects of social integration of people with visual impairment in Lithuania; to analyze practical peculiarities of rehabilitation, education, vocational counselling and social integration of people with visual impairment in Lithuania; to foresee the directions of improvement of social integration of people with visual impairment. The methods of the research: analysis of psychological and educological literature and juridical basis; questionnaire; statistical data analysis. The results of the research... [to full text]