Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been shown to have significantly deleterious effects on an individual’s overall health (Felitti et al., 1998), including poor subjective experiences of health (Khrapatina & Berman, 2017). Difficulties in emotion regulation (DERs), which reflect the inability to identify, interpret, and manage strong emotions, may be one mechanism through which ACEs affect health. Successful emotion regulation has been associated with high levels of self-reported health, whereby DERs has been linked to poor selfreported health (Kinnunen et al., 2005). The current study seeks to determine whether DERs (Gratz & Roemer, 2004) mediate the relationship between ACEs and subjective experiences of health. Utilizing a sample of students from a mid-sized university in rural Appalachia, the mediating role of DERs was tested using the PROCESS macro for SPSS with bootstrapping (5000 samples). Results demonstrated that DERS did significantly mediate the relationship between ACEs and self-reported health [R2 = .12, F(2,616) = 43.60, p < .000; indirect effect of DERS total t(616) = -7.01, p < .000, CI = -.04, -.02]. The identification of DERs as one mechanism through which ACEs increases the risk of poor self-reported health offers one target for interventions designed to mitigate the negative outcomes of ACEs and promote resilience in the face of past adversity

Psychosomatic health, including sleep, is important for adolescent well-being and daily functioning. Sleep difficulties are more seldom studied per se and whether there is socio-demographic variation in sleep difficulties among adolescents in Sweden is less known. The overall aim of the present study was to examine the frequency and social distribution of sleep difficulties among adolescents in Sweden. The child supplements of the Survey of Living Conditions, a Swedish nationally representative sample of ages 10-18, from years 2002 and 2003 were used (n=2531). Information from adolescents was linked to information from parents in a cross-sectional study design. Based on logistic regression analyses, variation in sleep difficulties was present according to gender, age, family structure, family economy, parent’s unemployment and residential area. No systematic sleep inequality by social class was found in the present study. The main results showed that adolescent girls, older age groups of adolescents, adolescents living in reconstituted families, living in families with a lack of cash margin, having unemployed parents and living in big cities reported sleep difficulties to a greater extent. Social factors, together with biological, psychological and cultural factors interact in explaining the variation in sleep difficulties.

<p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common, chronic, and associated with greater risk of postoperative mortality in veterans. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation was to determine if elective outpatient surgery had a persistent and deleterious effect on the physical or mental health of veterans, and also to explore factors that contributed to postoperative health change in this population. A longitudinal, mixed method, quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group study was conducted. Physical and mental health, depressive symptom severity, posttraumatic symptom severity, and pain severity were measured in 29 veterans with PTSD before undergoing outpatient elective surgery, one week after surgery, one month after surgery, and three months after surgery. For comparison, parallel data were collected from a control group of 31 veterans with PTSD at enrollment, one week after enrollment, one month after enrollment, and three months after enrollment. Subjects who displayed clinically significant or distressing changes in health status after surgery were interviewed to identify factors associated with postoperative health change. Subjects in the surgical group reported significant declines in subjective physical and mental health at one week, but not one or three months after outpatient elective surgery. Depressive symptoms severity and posttraumatic symptom severity were unchanged after surgery by surgery. Subjects reported that this physical and mental distress was driven by acute postoperative pain, but that underlying chronic pain remained influential throughout their postoperative course.</p> / Dissertation

Tyrime dalyvavo 132 Akmenės rajono mokytojai. (94 gimnazijos mokytojai, 14 pagrindinės mokyklos mokytojų, 16 specialiosios mokyklos mokytojų, 8 muzikos mokyklos mokytojai) Visi tiriamieji - moterys, įgiję aukštąjį išsilavinimą. Tyrimo metodai - metodika socialinei kompetencijai tirti, sudaryta iš 45 teiginių (R. Ullrich ir de R. Muynck Socialinės kompetencijos testas (Vokietija, 1994) adaptavo R.Lekavičienė, 2000). Mokytojų baimės dažnumui ir raiškai nustatyti, naudotas R.Kreitschmann, B.Weidenmann sudarytas klausimynas: „Mokytojų savijautos mokykloje, baimės turinio, dažnumo ir raiškos ypatumų klausimynas“. (1999) Subjektyvios sveikatos būklės vertinimas, pagal PSO su sveikata susijusios gyvenimo kokybės vertinimo klausimai( A.Goštautas, 2001) Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad aukštesnės socialinės kompetencijos mokytojai geriau vertina savo subjektyvią sveikatą ir rečiau patiria mokyklos baimę. Išsiaiškinta, kad dažniau įžeidinėjami ir kritikuojami mokytojai, dažniau jaučia mokyklos baimę. Dauguma mokytojų: informacijos stoką organizacijoje, skubėjimą, administracijos reikalavimus, nepakeliamas užduotis - įvardija svarbiausiais mokyklos baimę keliančiais veiksniais. / The purpose of the study is to analyze the subjective health of teachers, the links between social competence and fear of school. The study included 132 Akmenė district teachers (94 gymnasium teachers, 14 primary school teachers, 16 special school teachers, 8 teachers of music schools). All of the tested subjects were women, having higher education . Research methods: techniques to investigate the social competence, which consists of 45 claims (R. Ullrich, and R. de Muynck, Social competence test (Germany, 1994) adapted by R. Lekavičienė, 2000). For the identification of incidence of fear of educators and fear expressions, a questionnaire compiled by R. Kreitschmann, B. Weidenmann was used: Questionnaire of teachers’ wellbeing at school, fear content, frequency and specifics of expression. (1999). Assessment of subjective health status, according to WHO Quality of life, health-related quality of life (A.Goštautas, 2001) The study results indicate that teachers with higher social competence tend to better evaluate their subjective health and less experience the fear of school. It was found that teachers who are more often abused and criticized, more often feel the fear of school. Most teachers identify the lack of information in the organization, rush, administrative requirements, excruciating tasks as the major school fear factors.

There is a lacuna in the field of positive psychology as far as the conceptualisation of influences of environmental contexts on psychological well-being is concerned, and there is also a lack of credible empirical findings on the dynamics of processes involved. The aim of the current study was to test various models on the possible mediating role of subjective perceptions of health, personality factors and spirituality in the dynamics of context and psychological well-being. Psychological well-being was conceptualised and measured multi-dimensionally as defined from a general psychological well-being, hedonic, and eudaimonic perspective. Context was defined in terms of the historical stratification in South African society by socioeconomic differentials pertaining to race, socioeconomic indices and infrastructural resources. An availability sample of 5 14 participants from Potchefstroom (n=384) and Mafikeng (n=130) completed questionnaires on psychological well-being, subjective perceptions of health, personality factors and spirituality after informed consent was obtained. Psychological well-being was measured with the Affectometer 2 (Kammann & Flett, 1983), the Sense of Coherence Scale (Antonovsky, 1987) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, Larsen and Griffin, 1985). General psychological well-being was defined and operationalised in terms of the degree of sense of coherence, satisfaction with life and affect balance; hedonic well-being in terms of the degree of satisfaction with life and affect balance, and eudaimonic well-being in terms of the degree of sense of coherence and satisfaction with life. Subjective perceptions of physical health was measure with the General Health Questionnaire of Goldberg and Hillier (1979); Agreeableness and Extraversion as personality factors with the NEO- Personality Inventory - Revised of Costa and McCrae (1992); and Spirituality with the Spiritual Well-being Scale of Paloutzian and Ellison's (1979). The findings indicate, firstly, that perceptions of physical health (article I), personality factors (article 2) and spirituality (article 3) mediate the relationship between contexts and psychological well-being. Secondly, that the hedonic model of psychological well-being (albeit variably conceptualised in article 1 and articles 2 and 3) overall, yielded the highest amounts of variance. Thirdly, the results also indicated differences among the two predominantly black and white samples in terms of the roles played by subjective perceptions of health, personality factors and spirituality in the relationship between contexts and psychological well-being. It is concluded that due consideration must be given to social context and the dynamics of interaction between social ecology and individual factors in order to make a meaningful contribution to the understanding and promotion of psychological well-being. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are indicated. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

Tyrimo objektas – vidinė darna, subjektyvus sveikatos ir gyvenimo būdo vertinimas. Tyrimo tikslas: Nustatyti kūno kultūros mokytojų vidinę darną, subjektyvų sveikatos ir gyvenimo būdo vertinimą pagal socialinius demografinius aspektus. Tyrimo uždaviniai: Ištirti kūno kultūros mokytojų vidinę darną pagal socialinius demografinius aspektus. Nustatyti kūno kultūros mokytojų subjektyvia sveikatą pagal socialinius demografinius aspektus. Nustatyti kūno kultūros mokytojų vidinę darną pagal gyvenimo būdą. Rezultatai: Nagrinėjant tyrime dalyvavusių pedagogų atsakymus apie jų gyvenimo būdą, nustatyti statistiškai reikšmingi vidinės darnos skirtumai tarp, dažnai ir retai ar visai nevartojančiųjų alkoholio. Rūkančių ir nerūkančių respondentų grupėse statistiškai reikšmingų skirtumų nestebima. Dažnai ir retai arba visai nevartojančių alkoholio respondentų grupėse, lyginant vidinės darnos ir jos komponentų vidurkius, nustatytas statistiškai reikšmingas prasmingumo jausmo komponento skirtumas. Galima daryti prielaidą, kad nevartojantys arba mažai vartojantys alkoholį pedagogai tiki, kad gyvenimas prasmingas. „Šio tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad blogiau besijaučiantys tirtieji pedagogai turi žemesnius vidinės darnos bei visų jos komponentų rodiklius. Šie rezultatai atitinka C. Hakansson ir kt. (2003) duomenis, kad subjektyviai vertinama gera sveikata yra susijusi su aukšta vidine darna, ir priešingai, subjektyviai vertinama bloga sveikata yra susijusi su žema vidine darna, depresija, įtampa... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Investigative object – sense of coherence, subjective health and lifestyle assessment. Investigative idea – identify physical education teachers to determine the internal consistency, a subjective assessment of the health and lifestyle assessment in the demographic aspects. Investigative proposition: 1. Investigative teacher‘s of physical education consistency internal by aspects to demographic socials 2. Identify teacher‘s of physical education subjective health by social, demographic aspects. 3. Identify teacher‘s of physical education consistency internal by lifestyle. Results: Examining teacher‘s answers about their lifestyle in investigate, determine consistency internal significant consistency internal statistic differencees by often and rarely doesn‘t use alcohol. Statistic diference a significal is not smoke and doesn‘t smoke groups to respondents. Respondents group not drink alcohol often or rare, compare consitency internal and average this components, identifical components by significal sence. Can say that teachers which not drink alcohol believe that life is sensible. Time to this investigative identify, the worse feel teachers to visited have consistency internal lower and all indicators by this components. This result match (C Hakansson 2003) infornation, good health assessed subjective is related with high consistency internal and different when good health assessed subjective is related with low consistency internal like depression, stress. (citation... [to full text]

There is a lacuna in the field of positive psychology as far as the conceptualisation of influences of environmental contexts on psychological well-being is concerned, and there is also a lack of credible empirical findings on the dynamics of processes involved. The aim of the current study was to test various models on the possible mediating role of subjective perceptions of health, personality factors and spirituality in the dynamics of context and psychological well-being. Psychological well-being was conceptualised and measured multi-dimensionally as defined from a general psychological well-being, hedonic, and eudaimonic perspective. Context was defined in terms of the historical stratification in South African society by socioeconomic differentials pertaining to race, socioeconomic indices and infrastructural resources. An availability sample of 5 14 participants from Potchefstroom (n=384) and Mafikeng (n=130) completed questionnaires on psychological well-being, subjective perceptions of health, personality factors and spirituality after informed consent was obtained. Psychological well-being was measured with the Affectometer 2 (Kammann & Flett, 1983), the Sense of Coherence Scale (Antonovsky, 1987) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, Larsen and Griffin, 1985). General psychological well-being was defined and operationalised in terms of the degree of sense of coherence, satisfaction with life and affect balance; hedonic well-being in terms of the degree of satisfaction with life and affect balance, and eudaimonic well-being in terms of the degree of sense of coherence and satisfaction with life. Subjective perceptions of physical health was measure with the General Health Questionnaire of Goldberg and Hillier (1979); Agreeableness and Extraversion as personality factors with the NEO- Personality Inventory - Revised of Costa and McCrae (1992); and Spirituality with the Spiritual Well-being Scale of Paloutzian and Ellison's (1979). The findings indicate, firstly, that perceptions of physical health (article I), personality factors (article 2) and spirituality (article 3) mediate the relationship between contexts and psychological well-being. Secondly, that the hedonic model of psychological well-being (albeit variably conceptualised in article 1 and articles 2 and 3) overall, yielded the highest amounts of variance. Thirdly, the results also indicated differences among the two predominantly black and white samples in terms of the roles played by subjective perceptions of health, personality factors and spirituality in the relationship between contexts and psychological well-being. It is concluded that due consideration must be given to social context and the dynamics of interaction between social ecology and individual factors in order to make a meaningful contribution to the understanding and promotion of psychological well-being. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are indicated. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

Darbo tikslas: įvertinti Marijampolės miesto mokyklų 6-7 klasių moksleivių darbo kompiuteriu ir subjektyvios sveikatos sąsajas. Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai. Tyrimas buvo atliktas 2013 metais Marijampolėje. Tyrimo metodas – anoniminė anketinė apklausa. Tyrime dalyvavo 253 Marijampolės miesto mokyklų 6-7 klasių mokiniai. Atsako dažnis - 83,3 proc. Anketų atsakymai suvesti ir apdoroti kompiuteriniu statistiniu programos paketu „SPSS 16.0“. Tikrinant statistines hipotezes, pasirinktas 0,05 reikšmingumo lygmuo. Išvados buvo laikomos reikšmingomis, kai p≤0,05. Tyrimo rezultatai. Kompiuterį ir interneto ryšį namuose turėjo 96,8 proc. moksleivių. Tame pačiame kambaryje, kur yra kompiuteris, miegojo 56,9 proc. mokinių, o pritaikytą kėdę darbui kompiuteriu turėjo 64,4 proc. vaikų. Daugiau nei pusė mokinių prie kompiuterio praleido 2-4 val. arba >4 val. per dieną Dažniausiai respondentai kompiuterį naudojo žaidimams ir bendravimui. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad 44,7 proc. moksleivių dirbdami kompiuteriu, skundėsi akių perštėjimu/ašarojimu. Net 22,9 proc. respondentų jautė kaklo, 24,9 proc. – nugaros ir 4,7 proc. skundėsi plaštakos skausmu. Kompiuterinius žaidimus žaidė 83,3 proc. respondentų, o dažniausiai žaidė veiksmo ir loginius žaidimus. 51,4 proc. ilgiausiai kompiuteriu teko žaisti 5-10 val. Mergaitės žaidimus žaidė trumpiau ir rečiau nei berniukai. Galima priklausomybė nuo kompiuterio-interneto nustatyta 48,2 proc. respondentų. Vaikai >4 val. praleidžiantys prie kompiuterio turėjo 4... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Coursework objective: to evaluate work on a computer and subjective health links among the 6 - 7th grade students of schools in the town of Marijampolė. Material and methods: The analysis was conducted in Marijampolė in 2013. Method of the analysis is anonymous questionnaire. 253 students of 6 and 7 grades in the schools of Marijampolė took part in the analysis. Response rate was 83.3%. Questionnaire responses were entered and processed using a statistical software package “SPSS 16.0”. While investigating statistical hypothesis, significance level of 0.05 has been chosen. The conclusions were held significant, when p≤0.05. Results: 96.8% of students had a computer and internet connection at home. 56.9% of students were sleeping at the same room where the computer was and 64% of students had a special seat designed for work on a computer. More than half of all students spent 2 to 4 or more than 4 hours working with the computer. Most frequently, the respondents were using the computer for games and socializing activities. During the analysis it was found that 44.7% of students were complaining about itching/tearing of eyes while working on the computer. Even 22.9% of respondents felt neck pain, 24.9% - back pain, and 4.7% were complaining of wrist pain. 83.3% of respondents were playing video games, the action and logic games were the most frequent. 51.4% of students have indicated that the longest time period of playing on the computer was 5 to 10 hours. Girls have played... [to full text]

The relationship between health and working conditions represents an important topic of sociologic research. Still, in the Czech context this theme has not been sufficiently dealt with. This work's aim is to contribute to the research in the branch, to offer a detail study of the relationship between subjective health and working conditions. Firstly, the theoretical part of the text offers definitions of the concepts subjective health and working conditions. Secondly, there are defined three hypotheses about the relationship between the categories subjective health and working conditions. Then, the hypotheses are tested using contingency tables and regression analysis. Afterwards, there is offered a comparison between the study's conclusions and outputs of similar foreign works. The results of the analysis correspond with those reached in foreign context - in comparison with unemployed, economically active people feel them healthier. Using the regression model, significant influence of education on this relationship was proved. Other testing brought a conclusion that people working in difficult conditions evaluate their health worse than people who do not have to cope with hard working conditions. There was not proved a significant difference between men and women in evaluation of subjective health...

No description available.