Consumers’ demands for ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are at all-time high. Algae, a common source of PUFAs, and antioxidants are both used as supplements in livestock feeds, are known to affect the overall quality of meat. To implement PUFA deposits into broiler meat, this study evaluated combining antioxidants and algae in broiler feed to enhance the breast meat quality. Broilers were fed diets supplemented with 50 IU Vitamin E or 200 g/ton EconomasE (EcoE, an antioxidant pack) plus 10 IU Vitamin E, with or without 0.5% algae extract (SP-1). The feed oil was partially oxidized soybean oil (POV: 86 mEq of O2/kg). The feed supplementation with combined SP-1 and EcoE increased meat lipid oxidation but had no effect on protein. This combination supplement substantially reduced (P < 0.05) meat exudation during refrigerated storage while no evident differences were seen on cooking loss or tenderness between diets. Meat from SP-1 supplemented diets was found less acceptable than meat from other diets due to detected off-flavors. The results indicate that EcoE at a supplementation level other than 200 g/ton may be required to overcome off-flavors of broiler meat due to feed incorporation of 0.5% SP-1 with oxidized oil.

Using natural supplementation as a treatment tool for mental health problems is becoming increasingly popular. Several studies using a multinutrient supplement called EMPowerplus (EMP+) have been conducted in humans with disorders such as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but no studies have been conducted in animals or humans without disorders. Therefore, to address the gaps in the literature, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of EMP+ in a rat population on anxiety, aggression, and impulsivity which may be present in people who do not have a disorder. To investigate this, 40 male and 40 female rats were fed a diet consisting of 0%, 1.25%, 2.5% or 5% EMP+. They were tested during adolescence (PND 52-53) and again during mid-adulthood (PND 116-117) for anxiety and aggression, and during early adulthood (PND 92-96) and again during late adulthood (PND 127-130) for impulsivity. Due to the impact of the September 4th 2010 7.1 magnitude earthquake, data for some rats had to be excluded from anxiety and aggression analyses, leaving a sample size of 29 males and 34 females. Although there were no treatment main effects for any of the three behaviours, there were significant interaction effects between treatment and sex for measures of anxiety and aggression, showing that each sex reacted differently to the supplement. Male rats became less anxious, while female rats became more anxious. Of the five aggressive behaviours observed, significant interactions were found between treatment and sex for rough paw and allogrooming frequency. There were no significant effects involving treatment for impulsivity, but male rats were more impulsive when they were older (PND 127-130). Overall, the effects of EMP+ on the rats’ anxious, aggressive, and impulsive behaviours were mixed, and it is likely that the 7.1 magnitude earthquake and its subsequent aftershocks played a role in these results.

No description available.

“Cartas al editor” / Revisión por pares

abstract: Vitamin B12, found only in animal products, is a water-soluble vitamin important for DNA methylation, purine and pyrimidine synthesis, and the myelination of nerves. Symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency include anemia, gait disturbances, altered vibration proprioception, impaired vision, psychosis, depression, dementia-like illness, and ultimately death. Because vegetarians and vegans consume fewer animal products in their diet than omnivores, they are inherently more at risk for developing these symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the correlation between nervous system markers (balance, dexterity, and vibration sensitivity) and markers of vitamin B12 nutriture (serum B12 and serum holo-transcobalamin II) in a cross-sectional study (n=38). In addition, the impact of daily oral vitamin B12 supplementation on these markers in an 8-week randomized controlled trial was also examined (n=18). The results of the cross-sectional study revealed a moderate correlation (R=-0.351, p=0.031) between serum B12 and left-hand functional dexterity. The results of the intervention study revealed no significant time*group interactions for markers of nervous system functions and biochemical values (after the removal of outliers). In addition, the time*group interaction appeared to be larger for those individuals with a baseline serum B12 of less than 303 pmol/L. These results suggest that vitamin B12 supplementation may have a more pronounced effect on those individuals who are in a state of vitamin B12 depletion (<303 pmol/L serum concentration). In addition, the results also suggest that 8 weeks of oral supplementation is not a long enough period to create significant clinical change, and it is likely that improvements in neurological measures would require long-term supplementation. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Physical Activity, Nutrition and Wellness 2016

The use of nutritional supplements (NS) is common in able-bodied (AB) athletic populations and good evidence exists for a number of NS such as sports drinks, protein powder, creatine, caffeine and buffering agents. However, little evidence is available regarding the popularity and efficacy of NS in a population of athletes with physical impairments.

Orientadores: Valdemiro Carlos Sgarbieri, Maria Elena Guariento / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T15:09:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CaselatodeSousa_ValeriaMaria_M.pdf: 1055288 bytes, checksum: 2463027d9dc5134cb93d00176b97879b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Os idosos constituem-se em um grupo de risco para deficiências nutricionais, devido às dificuldades na manutenção da adequada ingestão energética e de nutrientes por meio de uma alimentação balanceada. O desenvolvimento de meios para a recuperação do estado nutricional e o estímulo de uma resposta positiva na saúde dos idosos é de fundamental importância. A suplementação alimentar é um meio válido e eficaz para a recuperação e manutenção do estado nutricional em idosos. Com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de um produto dietético sobre o estado nutricional de idosos desnutridos ou em risco de desnutrição, particularmente nos parâmetros de consumo alimentar, antropométricos e bioquímicos, foi realizado o estudo de caso. Este estudo de caso foi prospectivo, com 14 idosos, entre 68 e 95 anos de idade, que receberam um produto dietético oral, desenvolvido na Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos ¿ UNICAMP, composto de proteína do soro do leite, hidrolisado de colágeno, carboidratos, inulina e frutooligossacarídeos, vitaminas e minerais, ao longo de três meses. Para a seleção dos idosos foi aplicada a escala Mini-Avaliação Nutricional (MAN) e selecionados quando apresentaram desnutrição ou risco de desnutrição. A avaliação do estado nutricional foi determinada por parâmetros dietéticos, antropométricos e bioquímicos coletadas no tempo 0 e tempo 2. Os parâmetros dietéticos foram obtidos através do registro alimentar de três dias, onde foram analisados a energia e os nutrientes carboidratos, proteínas, lipídios, vitamina B12, ácido fólico, cálcio, magnésio e zinco. Os parâmetros antropométricos mensurados foram peso (P), altura (A), prega cutânea tricipital (PCT), circunferência do braço (CB), circunferência da panturrilha (CP), circunferência da coxa (CCx), área muscular do braço corrigida (AMBc), circunferência da cintura (CC), circunferência do quadril (CQ), índice de massa corpórea (IMC), a composição corporal e a massa livre de gordura (MLG) foram avaliadas por bioimpedância elétrica (BIA). Os parâmetros bioquímicos mensurados foram as dosagens de glicemia de jejum e perfil renal (uréia e creatinina), proteínas séricas (proteínas totais e albumina), perfil lipídico (colesterol total, LDL-c, HDL-c, triglicérides), Vitamina B12, ácido fólico, cálcio, magnésio e zinco. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística. Como resposta à ingestão do produto dietético foram observadas evidências nos seguintes parâmetros: na avaliação do consumo alimentar houve influência nos valores de ácido fólico, cálcio e magnésio; nos parâmetros antropométricos, embora não fossem observadas diferenças estatísticas, o ganho de peso médio em encontrado nos idosos foi de 1,88 kg; nos parâmetros bioquímicos, constatou-se que houve um aumento significativo nas dosagens de proteínas totais e albumina, colesterol total, ácido fólico, magnésio. Conclui-se que o produto dietético teve um efeito positivo em alguns parâmetros avaliados, melhorando o estado nutricional dos idosos, proporcionando um aumento no peso corporal / Abstract: The elderly is considered to be a risk group for nutritional deficiencies due to difficulties in maintining an adequate energy and nutrient intake through a balanced diet. It is extremely important to create ways to recover the nutritional status and promote a positive response in the health of elderly individuals. Food supplementation is a valid and viable way for recovering and maintaining the nutritional status of the elderly. This case study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effect of a dietetic product on the nutritional status, particurlarly on the dietetic, anthropometric and biochemical parameters of malnourished elderly or elderly at risk of malnutrition. This was a prospective case study, with 14 elderly individuals aged between 68 and 95, who received an oral dietetic product, developt in the Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos ¿ UNICAMP, that it composes of whey protein isolated and a bovine collagen hydrolysate, carbohydrates, inuline, frutooligosaccharides, vitamins and minerals, for three months. For the selection of the elderly, the Mini Nutritional Assessemnt (MAN) scale was applied to choose those who presented malnutrition or risk of malnutrition. The assessment of the nutritional status was dertermined by dietetic, anthropometric and biochemical parameters estimated at time 0 and time 2. The dietetic parameters were obtained from recording the food intake of the individuals for three days and then analyzing nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, Vitamin B12, folic acid, calcium, magnesium and zinc. The measured anthropometric parameters were weight (W), height (H), triceps skinfold thickness (TST), arm circumference (AC), calf circumference (CC), thigh circumference (TC), corrected arm muscle area (CAMA), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), body mass index (BMI), and the body composition and fat-free mass (FFM) were evaluated by of the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The measured biochemical parameters were the dosages of fasting glycemia and renal function, serum proteins (total proteins and albumin), lipidic profile (total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, triglycerides), Vitamin B12, folic acid, calcium, magnesium and zinc. The collected data was submitted to statistical analysis. The responses to the diet product intake we as follows: for the dietary intake, the product had influence on the values of folic acid, calcium and magnesium; for anthropometric parameters, though statistical differences were not observed, there was an average 1.88-kg weight gain in the elderly; for biochemical parameters, a significant increase in the dosage of serum proteins and albumin, total cholesterol, folic acid and magnesium was observed. The data suggested that the diet product had a positive effect on some of the evaluated parameters, improving the nutritional status of the elderly and promoting a gain of body weight / Mestrado / Nutrição Basica e Experimental / Mestre em Alimentos e Nutrição

Introduktion: Kosttillskott som kreatin och koffein har bevisade erogena effekter hos idrottare, men det finns flertalet kosttillskott som är mindre beprövade. Tidigare studier på bikarbonat har visat på prestationshöjande effekter men resultaten varierar. Bikarbonat har visat sig påverka det intramuskulära pH-värdet under högintensiv träning. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka prestationseffekterna av bikarbonat på CrossFit utövare under kort, högintensiv träning. Metod: Testerna utfördes på CrossFit utövare (n=7) där deltagarna fick antingen bikarbonat (0,3 g/kg/kroppsvikt) eller placebo 60-90 min innan testerna utfördes. Deltagarna fick utföra rodd och thrusters med skivstång under totalt 12 min. Antalet repetitioner, roddeffekt samt puls mätes under testutförandet. Studien är utfört med crossover samt dubbelblindat. Resultat: Resultatet visade inte på några signifikanta skillnader gällande varken antalet repetitioner, roddeffekter eller pulser mellan interventions- eller placebogruppen. Slutsats: De tidigare dokumenterade prestationshöjningarna skulle eventuellt kunna vara relevant för elitidrottare. Denna studie ger en inblick i huruvida de prestationshöjande effekterna av bikarbonat kan visa sig hos CrossFit utövare. / Introduction: Dietary supplements like creatine and caffeine has proven ergogenic effects on athletes. Studies on sodium bicarbonate has been shown to improve performance during short, sprint-like exercise, but the results varies. Sodium bicarbonate influences the intramuscular pH during high-intensity training. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of sodium bicarbonate on CrossFit athletes during short, high-intensity training. Method: The tests were conducted on CrossFit athletes (n=7) were the participants either were given a sodium bicarbonate or a placebo supplement. The supplements were ingested 60-90 min before tests were conducted and all exercise test were performed double-blind and cross-over. The participants rowed and performed thrusters during a total of 12 min. The number of repetitions, average effect on the rowing machine and heartrate were measured during.   Results: The result did not show any significant differences between the intervention group and the placebo group regarding number of repetitions, average rowing effect or heartrate. Conclusion: The previous documentated performance enhancing effects could potentially be relevant to elite athletes. This study might give an insight to the effects of sodium bicarbonate in CrossFit participants.

No description available.

The effects of supplementation of the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β- methylbutyrate (HMB) were examined in a resistance training study. Thirty- nine men and 36 women between the ages of 20-40 y were randomized to either a placebo (P) supplemented or HMB supplemented (3.0 g HMB/d) group in two gender cohorts. All subjects trained three times per week for 4 wk. In the HMB group, plasma creatine phosphokinase levels tended to be suppressed compared to the placebo group following the 4 wk of resistance training (HMB:174.4 ± 26.8 to 173.5 ± 17.0 U/L; P:155.0 ± 20.8 to 195.2 ± 23.5 U/L). There were no significant differences in strength gains based on prior training status or gender with HMB supplementation. The HMB group had a greater increase in upper body strength than the placebo group (HMB:7.5 ± 0.6 kg; P:5.2 ± 0.6 kg; P = 0.008). The HMB groups increased fat-free weight by 1.4 ± 0.2 kg and decreased percent fat by 1.1% ± 0.2% while the placebo groups increased fat-free weight by 0.9 ± 0.2 kg and decreased percent fat by 0.5% ± 0.2% (fat-free weight P = 0.08, percent fat P = 0.08, HMB compared to placebo). In summary, this is the first short-term study to investigate the roles of gender and training status on the effects of HMB supplementation on strength and body composition. This study showed, regardless of gender or training status, HMB may increase upper body strength and minimize muscle damage when combined with an exercise program.