Há expectativas entre os demógrafos que a população humana global aumente nos próximos 50 anos alcançando o número de 9,2 bilhões. Esse fenômeno implicará a necessidade de obter 109 hectares de terras adicionais a fim de se produzir alimentos para toda sociedade, ou seja, uma área aproximada ao tamanho do Brasil. Por outro lado, não há essencialmente a quantidade de terras com a qualidade necessária a esta finalidade. Sendo assim, torna-se importante às grandes cidades uma remodelação em suas formas de planejamento urbano envolvendo modelos alternativos e assistenciais à fomentação da produção de alimentos, tendo como junção o rural com o urbano. É sob essa perspectiva que o presente trabalho tem como objetivo esboçar uma discussão sobre a importância dos sistemas de produção rural verticalizados para a manutenção da oferta de alimentos, equilíbrio dos preços médios e o bem estar às gerações futuras. Para tanto, o método utilizado para averiguação de viabilidade desse modelo verticalizado de produção rural foi uma pesquisa in locu na Companhia Alterrus Vertical Crop localizado em Vancouver – Canadá sob a condição observatório participante aplicando o Teste NCIC. Os resultados desse trabalho mostraram uma viabilidade econômica favorável à implantação de modelos verticalizados de produção rural em grandes centros urbanos, bem como uma discussão por meio de uma matriz SWOT das principais virtudes desse modelo ressaltando os pontos fortes, fracos, oportunidades e ameaças ao que se pode definir como modelos horizontais de produção rural. / There are expectations among demographers that the global human population increase in the next 50 years reaching number 9.2 billion. This phenomenon will lead to the need for 109 acres of additional land in order, to produce food for the entire society, in other words, an area approximately the size of Brazil. Moreover, there is essentially to the amount of land required quality for this purpose. Thus , it - is important to the big cities a reshuffle in its forms of alternative models involving urban planning and the fostering care of food production , with the junction rural with urban . It is from this perspective that this paper aims to outline a discussion on the importance of production systems to rural upright representing the maintenance of food supply, balance of average prices and welfare for future generations. Therefore, the method used to investigate the viability of this vertical model of rural production was a survey in locus Alterrus Vertical Crop the Company located in Vancouver - Canada under the condition observatory participant applying Test NCIC. The results of this study showed a favorable economic viability of the deployment models upright rural production in large urban centers, as well as a discussion through a SWOT matrix of the main virtues of this model highlighting the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that can compare to models horizontal rural production.

A ovinocultura leiteira tornou-se importante economicamente na América do Sul nas últimas décadas, sendo ainda pouco estudada no Brasil. O leite é destinado à produção de queijo, proporcionando valor agregado, sendo considerado fonte de renda aos produtores. Como ponto de partida para o estudo da ovinocultura leiteira, é proposta a descrição do sistema agroindustrial (SAG) para a melhor compreensão das relações entre os agentes. O estudo das cadeias agroalimentares, visando desempenho econômico superior, utiliza abordagens da microeconomia como Economia dos Custos de Transação (ECT), Economia dos Custos de Mensuração (ECM), Visão Baseada em Recursos (VBR) e Teoria do Empreendedor. Dentro dos SAGs existem as cadeias agroalimentares curtas, formas de organização e comercialização que buscam a proximidade entre produtores e consumidores. Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever o SAG do leite ovino no Brasil, buscando entender as estratégias adotadas pelos agentes e propor uma metodologia de estudo as cadeias curtas. A pesquisa foi do tipo exploratória e de multi-caso, por meio de entrevistas com questionários pré-formulados. O SAG do leite ovino foi caracterizado como um sistema em cadeia curta pela aproximação do produtor com o consumidor, possuindo, na maior parte das vezes, apenas um agente responsável pelas diferentes etapas da cadeia. O sistema é composto, em termos de transformação tecnológica, em quatro grandes elos: insumos, produção primária, agroindústria e distribuição, sendo os insumos adquiridos em mercados spot. Foram identificadas 18 fazendas produtoras no país. As raças predominantes eram Lacaune e East Friesian, com média de 1,17 litros de leite/animal/dia, abaixo da média potencial para as raças (2 litros). Observou-se que 14 entre as 18 propriedades apresentam mão de obra familiar. Dentre os laticínios, quatro possuíam inspeção federal, três possuíam inspeção estadual e três possuíam inspeção municipal. Sete propriedades optaram por não ter o próprio laticínio, fazendo parte de cooperativa; as outras propriedades optaram pela integração vertical. A distribuição é realizada por delivery e venda em mercados pequenos ou lojas próprias. Os maiores centros consumidores encontram-se nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo e Minas Gerais, havendo, porém, venda do produto em várias regiões do país. A principal característica do consumidor é o alto poder aquisitivo, fazendo-o buscar o produto em lojas especializadas. Pelo modelo das Cinco Forças de Porter, sugere-se que o sistema se apresenta sustentável e estável, sendo que o principal obstáculo para o crescimento são os produtos substitutos. Há falta de informações técnicas para melhorar a produção, assim, a verticalização do sistema e produção em cadeia curta parece ser a opção mais segura e rentável para os produtores. O modelo de estudo proposto permite analisar uma cadeia curta qualquer, caracterizando-a, com vistas à proposição de estratégias superiores de gestão e coordenação / The dairy sheep industry became economically important in South America in recent decades, but still little studied in Brazil. Milk is utilized for the production of cheese, providing added value, and it is considered a source of income to producers. As a starting point for the study of dairy sheep industry is proposed the description of the agro-industrial system for better understanding of the relationship between the agents. The study of the agri-food chains, targeting higher economic performance, uses microeconomic approaches as Economics of Transaction Costs (ETC), the Economics of Measurements Costs (EMC), Resource-Based View (RBV) and Entrepreneur Theory. Within the agribusiness, there are the \"short food supply chains\", forms of organization and marketing seeking the proximity between producers and consumers. This study aimed to describe the agribusiness of dairy sheep in Brazil, seeking to understand the strategies adopted by agents and propose a methodology to study the short food supply chains. The research was exploratory type and multi-case, through interviews with pre-formulated questionnaires. The agribusiness of dairy sheep was characterized as a short food supply chain system due to the approximation of the producer to the consumer having, in most cases, only one agent responsible for the different stages of the chain. The system is composed, in terms of technological transformation, in four major links: inputs, primary production, processing and distribution. The inputs are purchased in spot markets. It was identified 18 producing farms in the country. The predominant races were Lacaune and East Friesian, with an average of 1.17 liters of milk / animal / day, below the average potential for the races (2 liters). It was observed that 14 among the 18 properties had family labor. Among dairy products, four of them had federal inspection, three had state inspection and three had municipal inspection. Seven farms have chosen not to have the dairy itself but they were part of the cooperative; the other farms have opted for vertical integration. The distribution is carried out by delivery and sale in small markets or stores. The largest consumer centers are in the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo and Minas Gerais, however, there were sale of the product in various regions of the country. The main consumer characteristic is the high purchasing power, so they looked for the product in specialty stores. By the Porters five forces model, it is suggested that the system is sustained and stable and the main obstacle for growth are substitute products. There is a lack of technical information to improve production, so the verticalization of the system and production in a short chain system seems to be the safest and most costeffective option for producers. The proposed study model allows the analysis of any short food supply chain, characterizing it, with a view to proposing higher management strategies and coordination

Orientador: Emília Wanda Rutkowski / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T07:35:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pereira_AlessandroSanches_D.pdf: 5165595 bytes, checksum: 73620d8378ad8d181301438136ddfb13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A otimização do desempenho das cadeias de ofertas é um processo importante para promover o desenvolvimento sustentável, uma vez que as atividades de produção e seus fluxos de distribuição de produtos estão intimamente ligadas às mudanças ambientais. Neste contexto, o conceito gestão sustentável da cadeia de oferta é entendido como a gestão dos serviços, produtos e matérias-primas ao longo da cadeia com melhorias para os objetivos ambientais e sociais. Este estudo analisa a cadeia de oferta de biomassa florestal com a finalidade de propor uma estratégia de avaliação de desempenho. A Suécia foi usada como área de pesquisa e forneceu informação para a construção da estratégia para a avaliação do conceito de sustentabilidade no desempenho da cadeia de oferta. É importante abordar que este estudo é o resultado da parceria entre Brasil e Suécia representados pela UNICAMP, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, e KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, dentro do Programa de Cooperação Externa Erasmus Mundus entre a União Européia e Brasil / Abstract: The performance optimization of supply chains is an important process to promote sustainable development, since production activities and products distributions flows are closely linked to environmental changes. In this context, the sustainable supply chain management concept is understood as the management of services, products and raw materials along the chain with improvements to the environmental and social goals. This study analyzes the forest-based biomass supply chains with the purpose of proposing a performance assessment strategy. Sweden provided a framework that was used to design a strategy to guide supply chain performance evaluation. It is important to address that this study is the outcome of the partnership between Brazil and Sweden represented by UNICAMP, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, and KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, under the Erasmus Mundus External Cooperation Window EU-Brazil, StartUP Program / Doutorado / Saneamento e Ambiente / Doutor em Engenharia Civil

Subway is the leading fast food franchise chain having over 29.700 branches in 87 countries and differentiating itself among other fast foods by serving healthy food. The chain's focus for further development is concentrated on the countries in Central Europe (Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary and Croatia) and its 47 branches. However, the concept of supply chain in this region is disunited and leads to unfair high costs and high requirements from the branch management. Therefore there is an urgent need to unite the logistic system. The idea is that all the branches in the region will keep two or three local suppliers providing delivery of vegetables, drinks and local specialties; other goods will be distributed by single logistics company in the form of consolidated supply. The new logistic concept for provision of availability of products needed for proper work of all Subway branches in Central and Eastern Europe in context of integration, unification and simplification of logistic chains and its effective management is suggested in the work from the logistic service provider point of view. The task is solved in three parts -- transportation of goods from the producers to the warehouse, its delivery to individual branches, and warehouses itself including the cost calculations. The analysis of supplier's location and the location of supplied branches conclusion follows on locating the warehouse unit near Prague. The kinds of goods could be divided into frozen, cooled, dry and non-food goods. The consumption of individual kinds of goods is specified and the process of supplying the warehouse, means of transport, number of drivers, consolidation on distribution routes and its frequency is suggested. The supply of 47 branches will be done with special means of transport with combined shipping space enabling separate transport of individual kinds of goods by using the mobile screens; on 5 routes always between 7:00 to 23:00 in every country on the same day. The warehouse is a key place for delivery consolidation according to the needs of individual branches in accordance with FIFO principle. About 70 different articles of goods are stocked in three parts; respectively in truss racks with longitudinal filling with capacity of 168 pallet spaces in the height of 4 pallets. The manipulation is provided by low-lift and high-lift trucks. The limit warehouse is rectangular with the area of 122.4 m2, Monthly cost are 485,- Kč for pallet space, the costs in the frozen and cooled warehouse are higher by 15,-Kč per pallet space, that is 500,- Kč. The total costs to supply all the Subway branch restaurants in the whole region is the total sum of costs for good acquisition, its transfer from suppliers to the warehouse, warehouse operations and distribution of goods to individual branches.

This master thesis describes and proves how companies can improve their operational performance and supplier relationships by using modern collaborative and planning practices, specifically the Collaborative Planning Forecasting and Replenishment (CPFR) concept. The theoretical part depicts main developments in supply chain planning over time, shows common challenges in the world of supply chain and offers possible solutions in terms of collaborative supply chain planning practices. The practical part analyzes the CPFR process between one of the leading providers of telecommunications services T-Mobile and its major mobile handset supplier Nokia. The concluding part defines gaps between an ideal to-be process of supply chain collaboration and the status quo process. Status quo benefits of current CPFR processes are described as well.

O presente trabalho trata da relação entre estratégias de diversificação junto a produção rural familiar e os incentivos decorrentes das diferentes estruturas de governança que determinam as relações sistêmicas de troca e divisão do trabalho. A necessidade de manutenção no nível de bem-estar social associado a renda familiar e as contingências do ambiente em que este segmento se insere leva a considerar o processo de inovação como fenômeno transitório onde a firma rural adote diferentes fontes de rendimento, dentro e fora da propriedade. A compreensão de como as variáveis transacionais (incerteza, especificidade dos ativos, frequência e interação entre transações) interferem na decisão de alocação de recursos pode ser útil no delineamento de políticas voltadas ao desenvolvimento local sustentável. Para isso, um modelo heurístico é proposto relacionando duas variáveis: complementariedade estratégica e mobilidade. Quatro comunidades fornecedoras de insumos da sociobiodiversidade brasileira ajudam a ilustrar a proposta analítica, a saber: Salvaterra, Bragança, Breves, no estado do Pará, e Palmeira do Piauí no estado do Piauí. A conclusão é que os atores econômicos agem conforme suas capacidades tecnológicas e gerenciais e combinação de incentivos externos a firma, o que reflete em sua capacidade de manter o nível de renda. / The aim of this work is the relationship between diversification strategies with rural family production and incentives stemming from different governance structures which determine the systemic relationships of trade and division of labor. The need to sustain the social welfare level associated with family income and environmental contingencies should be consider. The innovation process is described as a transitory phenomenon where rural firm adopts a diversification of income-generating activities. The company can be regarded as transactions link. An empirical model was proposed based on two variables: strategic complementarity and mobility. The purpose is to provide parameters to serve as decision subsidies for formulation of public policies and business practices (including technology transfer mechanisms) aimed at reducing poverty in the rural environment. Four communities were studied in relation to the Brazilian socio-biodiversity chain: Salvaterra, Bragança, Breves, at Pará state and Palmeira do Piauí, at Piauí state. This study concludes that economic actors operate according to their technological and managerial capabilities and combination of incentives external from the firm.

<p>Doktorska disertacija razmatra probleme upravljanja rizicima u lancima snabdevanja sa osnovnim ciljem razvoja modela za upravljanje određenom grupom rizika-logističkim rizicima. Na osnovu širokog pregleda postojeće literature predloženo je više originalnih konceptualnih okvira namenjenih razumevanju složene strukture koncepta rizika u lancima snabdevanja i principa njihove sistemske analize i upravljanja. Takođe, razvijen je originalni model identifikacije, ocene i tretiranja logističkih rizika, koji se zasniva na simulaciji diskretnih događaja i SCOR metodologiji. Testiranjem predloženih okvira i modela na realnom primeru pokazana je njihova praktična primeljivost.</p> / <p>The thesis is dedicated to exploring the problems of supply chain risk<br />management with the final aim of developing model for logistics risk<br />management. Based on a broad literature review it is proposed a several<br />original conceptual frameworks aimed to understanding the complex<br />structure of the supply chain risks concept as well as principles of their<br />system analysis and management. In addition, original model for<br />identification, assessment and control is developed, based on discrete event<br />simulation and SCOR methodology. Case study shows practical applicability<br />of proposed frameworks and models.</p>

[pt] A preocupação com o esgotamento de recursos naturais, acrescida de legislações cada vez mais restritivas no descarte de materiais, fez com que modelos de negócio baseados na reutilização de itens ganhassem força em comparação aos baseados em descarte. Nas cadeias de distribuição do tipo closed-loop, a gestão de itens retornáveis permanece como ponto de grande preocupação para seus gestores, dados os altos investimentos realizados nestas populações, contrastando com a relativa baixa atenção dada ao desenvolvimento de técnicas de gestão. O controle individual de itens retornáveis com a utilização de tecnologias como identificação por radiofrequência (RFID) mostra-se como a solução para alguns destes desafios. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a viabilidade desta aplicação dado o atual estágio de maturidade da tecnologia RFID, identificar os fatores críticos de sucesso através da análise de estudos de caso envolvendo aplicações similares, e propor uma abordagem integrada para a indústria de distribuição de gás liquefeito de petróleo (GLP) no mercado brasileiro. Tendo a tecnologia atingido um grau adequado de maturidade, com soluções integradas disponíveis no mercado, os principais desafios deste tipo de aplicação passam a envolver questões organizacionais, como a gestão da mudança, similarmente à implantação de tecnologias bastante maduras, como sistemas de gestão integrados. / [en] Concerns with the exhaustion of natural resources, combined with growing legal restrictions on waste disposal, has drawn attention to business models based on the reutilization of items, in comparison with the disposal-based models. In closed-loop supply chains, the management of returnable items remains as a major challenge for its leaders, due to the significant investments made on these populations, contrasting with the relatively low attention given to the development of management practices in this area. The individual control of returnable items with the use of the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology emerges as a possible solution for these challenges. The objectives of this research are to evaluate the current maturity level of the RFID technology, identify critical success factors through the analysis of related case studies, and propose an integrated approach for the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) distribution industry in Brazil. Having reached a satisfactory maturity level, with integrated solutions available in the marketplace, the main challenges of such applications move towards organizational issues, as change management, similar to the implementation of more mature technologies, such as enterprise resource planning systems.

The research topic of this study is market-specific supply chain strategy, and the research problem is defined as, how manufacturing companies can use the DWV3 classification system to evaluate the opportunity for a market-specific supply chain strategy. What has been written about the DWV3 classification system is somewhat general in its nature and the practitioner is left without detailed instructions on how to proceed with the analytical analysis. Key elements of the DWV3 classification system that is not explicitly described in the literature is (1) how to measure each of the classification variables, (2) how to define a suitable limit for each measure in order to classify the products and (3) how to reason when sequencing the classification variables in the clustering analysis. Hence, the purpose of this thesis is to make the DWV3 classification system more available to practitioners, and thus the aim is to illustrate how to tackle the key elements of the framework by applying it on the Atlas Copco Industrial Technique Business Area product portfolio. A single-case study design was chosen as a suitable research approach for this thesis. The application of the DWV3 system to the ITBA product portfolio was considered as the phenomenon under investigation, the case, of this study. Two sets of quantitative data were collected, demand data and product master data. The qualitative data collected was related to the ITBA supply chain set-up and the products as well as the customers’ responsiveness requirements for each assortment included in the study. All qualitative data was collected through interviews. The findings of this study are summarized in a number of conclusions that can serve as guidelines for practitioners that are about to apply the DWV3 system. These are (1) as far as possible use measures at the single product level, (2) use measures that express each classification variable in a way that is relevant to the matching of demand characteristics and supply chain strategy, (3) be prepared to redefine initial measures in order to describe the studied products’ characteristics in the best possible way, (4) develop measures that are based on available data or data that is feasible to attain, (5) adjust the number of codification levels to find the best trade-off between the level of detail in the cluster analysis and the number of populated segments, (6) alter the sequencing and repeat the cluster analysis to gain insight into the demand characteristics of the product portfolio, (7) the final sequencing of the classification variables must produce clusters that are relevant for the chosen production philosophy concepts.

Over the past decades the world has become increasingly interconnected, and global commodity trade has increased substantially in scope and complexity. Simultaneously, we are rapidly moving towards a future with an increased risk of severe disruption caused by the effects of climate change globally. As trade flows can connect distant regions thousands of miles apart, they can also transmit risks of climate change via impacts on supply chains. This study examines these risk flows through a case study, focusing on exposure to climate change risks to the Swedish consumption of Brazilian soy. Taking in to account both the exposure of climate change to agricultural production in Brazil, and the potential climate vulnerability of the transport network that is used in the agricultural supply, this study brings together data and methods from eight different sources to assess climate risks to production and transport in a novel integrated climate risk assessment. The ability to link consumption data, production data and transport network information together at a municipality resolution constitutes a major innovation and step forward in climate-related supply chain risk assessment. The study find that future risks posed to Swedish sourcing of Brazilian soy are relatively low. Considering dynamic effects of the future market does however suggest that securing future supplies of soy can still be a challenging task for Sweden.