Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Cette recherche examine d’une part le caractère ontologique de la spatialisation des surfeurs et appréhende d’autrepart la nature des politiques publiques territorialisées en faveur du surf. Dans le cadre du rapport du surfeur à la vague, onobserve qu’à travers l’acte de glisse, les surfeurs métamorphosent le lieu et produisent leurs espaces de pratique. Ilsnourrissent ainsi le sentiment d’être-au-monde induit par l’habitabilité de la vague, la cosmogonisation de la vague. Enréhabilitant le concept d’habiter forgé par Martin Heidegger, on élabore les contours d’une géographie de l’intime penséecomme l’étude de l’espace habité afin d’envisager « la géographicité » des surfeurs, leurs « prises trajectives », leur« condition géographique ». On distingue donc les termes de lieu et d’espace en démontrant que le premier est atopique,insignifiant tandis que le second est sacralisé. On entend alors dépasser une lecture de l’espace présupposé comme déjàacquis pour l’homme et abordé comme seul support de ses spatialités. Par ailleurs, on examine comment les néoterritorialités sportives induites par la démocratisation du surf sur la côte aquitaine bouleversent la structuration des stations balnéaires fondée sur plus de deux siècles de développement touristique. Les pouvoirs publics, forts de la réhabilitation de l’image du surfeur dans le paysage médiatique, et conscients des enjeux territoriaux inhérents à la promotion de cette pratique sportive, accompagnent l’ancrage du surf et orchestrent une intégration sociospatiale du surf au sein des espaces urbains de ces stations balnéaires. Quant à l’institutionnalisation des territoires du surf, déclinée dans les outils de prospective et de planification territoriale, elle se traduit par « une mise en scène (géo-)graphique » du potentiel récréatif du littoral aquitain, une diversification de l’offre sportive au bénéfice d’un renforcement de l’attractivité touristique. Mais cette institutionnalisation des territoires du surf n’est pas sans provoquer des résistances et contestations de la part de certains surfeurs. Celles-ci, jusqu’ici présentées comme des luttes intestines et stigmatisées dans le seul champ de la déviance, sont alors présentées comme les manifestations d’un désir de préserver la dimension ontologique de l’espace-vague habité. À l’heure où le surf est mobilisé pour réenchanter le littoral aquitain, certains surfeurs, désenchantés vis-à-vis d’un tel projet de développement touristique, résistent et contestent en réponse à ce qu’ils ressentent comme une atteinte à leur existentialité. / This study investigates the ontological feature of the surfers’ spatialization on the one hand and, on the other hand, it endeavours to comprehend the public policies as far as surfriding is concerned. We establish that surfriding enables the surfriders to transform the place and create their own practicing spaces. Hence, they nurse their being into the world inferred by the dwellingness and the cosmogonization of the wave. By way of referring to Martin Heidegger’s concept ofdwelling, we have worked out a geography of the intimate to analyse the dwellt space. We have set apart the notions of placeand space revealing that the first term is meaningless whereas the second notion is made sacred. Moreover, this thesis examines to what extent the sport neoterritoriality induced by the surfriding democratisation on the Aquitaine coastline disrupts the seaside resorts’ organization based on more than two centuries of tourism development. The authorities promote the sociospatial integration of surfriding amidst the urban spaces of the seaside resorts. Through potentialstudy and territorial planning relating to surfriding, the authorities endeavour to strengthen the tourism attractiveness of thecoastline. Confronted with this institutionalization of their territories, some surfers have raised a protest which expresses their will to preserve the ontological dimension of the dwellt wave. While surfring is used to glorify the littoral of the Aquitaine region, some surfers, who are disillusioned by this project of tourism development, protest against what they feel like aninfringement of their existentiality.

The aim of this study was to examine surfers ́ experiences of surf culture in sweden and all over the world how this compares to the rest of the world. The overall research questions for this study were ”How do the surfers experience the culture in Swedish surfing” and ”How do the surfers experience the Swedish surf culture compared to abroad”? In order to answer these questions in the study, five Swedish surfers were interviewed about their experiences. The data was analyzed and categorized into different themes by drawing on Bourdieu ́s concept of field, capital and habitus. The result of the study shows that the surfers thoughts, feelings and experiences was very much the same for how they look at the surfing culture both in Sweden and abroad. They all highlighted key elements of surfing culture and identeties as related to nature experiences. In conclusion the surfers also had a clear picture about their thoughts about nature experiences, hierarchy and localism.

This master thesis deals with usage of machine learning methods in computer vision for classification of unknown images. The first part contains research of available machine learning methods, their limitations and also their suitability for this task. The second part describes the processes of creating training and testing gallery. In the practical part, the solution for the problem is proposed and later realised and implemented. Proper testing and evaluation of resulting system is conducted.

The aim of this thesis is to create a mobile application for Android, which allows users to create high-quality photos of planar objects. User can create multiple photographs of a selected planar object. These photographs are then aligned and combined into one final image. Various shortcomings that can be present in the photographs are filtered.

The aim of the thesis is detection of a known object in series of pictures. Detection is divided into two methods. First method is based on edge and color detection and comparison. Edge detection is based on detection using both Gradient and Laplacian, so on the first-order and the second-order derivative. Sobel operators were used as well as Laplacian of gaussian method. Thresholding is also used as well as autothreshold calculation. There are two variants of color detection considered in the thesis, direct color comparison and detection based on interest color search. The second part of the thesis is based on interested point detection using a modified SURF method to detect a known object in series of pictures.

This thesis describes development of control algorithm for a wheelchair. Wheelchair should be capable of tracking and following a wall or a similar flat surface. Thesis is supposed to be an extension of the previous concept, whose purpose was to allow remote telepresence control of this wheelchair. SRF08 ultrasonic range finders are used to measure distance from the wall. Furthermore, image processing for mark detection is discussed. Purpose of these marks is to increase precision during final phase of the parking.

This thesis deals with issues automatic composing panoramic photos from individual photos. Gradually examines the various steps of algorithms and methods used in them, which are used in creating panoramas. It also focuses on the design of the own system based on methods discussed to construct panoramas. This system is implemented using OpenCV library and it is created also a graphical interface using a Qt library. Finally, are in this thesis evaluated outcomes of this designed and implemented system on available datasets.

This master’s thesis deals with an important part of computer vision field. Main focus of this thesis is on feature detectors and descriptors in an image. Throughout the thesis the simplest feature detectors like Moravec detector will be presented, building up to more complex detectors like MSER or FAST. The purpose of feature descriptors is in a mathematical description of these points. We begin with the oldest ones like SIFT and move on to newest and best performing descriptors like FREAK or ORB. The major objective of the thesis is comparison of presented methods on licence plate localization task.

This paper addresses the problem of mobile robot localization based on current 2D and 3D data and previous records. Focusing on practical loop detection in the trajectory of a robot. The objective of this work was to evaluate current methods of image processing and depth data for issues of localization in environment. This work uses Bag of Words for 2D data and environment of point cloud with Viewpoint Feature Histogram for 3D data. Designed system was implemented and evaluated.