The thesis focuses on the poetry of Ludvík Kundera. It introduces his work in chronological order and within the contemporary literary-historical framework. The analysis and the interpretation of his early poems often refer to the war period. Language and its potentiality are a main concern in Kundera's other work. His poetry is defined in the context of avant-garde modern art: surrealism, dadaism and expressionism. The thesis researches the impact of Brecht's poetics on Kundera, too. It also introduces the persona of the artist, who significantly contributed to forming the Czech literary field during the second half of the 20th century. Kundera's poetry relates to Czech and foreign artists and their works. The poems rise from ordinary occasions, as well as showing the poet's intertextual approach. Experimentation, wordplay, lyrical humour and irony are an inherent part of Ludvík Kundera's work.

This dissertation is focused on phenomenon of madness in French surrealism and genre called "écrits bruts". The main theme is confrontation of surrealism aesthetics madness with written production of psychotic and mostly schizophrenic patients. The primary outcome is presented by analysis and interpretation of two chosen literary works, which are collection of experimental poetry by André Breton and Paul Éluard called L'Immaculée conception (Immaculate Conception, 1930) and diary entries, known as Premier Cahier: de l'ordre des messages, mai 1935, written by one of the most significant French women representatives Jeanne Tripier,. The aim of this analysis is on one hand to identify and characterize forms through which simulated and "real" madness in texts presented are, and on the other hand to describe its poetic function. The methodology part is based on structural and genre analysis of both aforementioned movements and moreover is formed on outcomes of the phenomenologically oriented psychiatry and psychoanalysis.

The aim of this Diploma Thesis is to bring attention to the resemblance between the work of one of the most important Hispanic American authors of 20th century, the Mexican Juan Rulfo, and his less well-known Chilean colleague, María Luisa Bombal. Even though the work of these writers has often been associated with the beginnings of the so-called Magical Realism, so far literary critics have not studied the parallelism in their poetics in detail. This work observes the deviation of these authors from the type of literature dominant in their time, and their effort to renovate it. Furthermore, it concerns the similarity in the approach to death in their work; it pays attention to the influence of the Nordic literature on their literary production. Another part of this work is dedicated to the parallels between the character of Susana San Juan from Rulfoˈs Pedro Páramo and Bombalˈs female characters. In addition to that, the work reflects the personal relationship between the authors in question.

À plusieurs reprises, Salvador Dalí a affirmé mépriser la musique. Pourtant, les références à cet art dans son œuvre sont omniprésentes dans des domaines variés : peinture, dessin, sculpture, cinéma, ballet, happening, photographie, écrits… La dissonance entre le discours et l’œuvre est au cœur de cette thèse qui cherche à définir le rôle joué par la musique dans la création de Dalí en décloisonnant les disciplines, tout en replaçant sa démarche dans le contexte du surréalisme et de l’histoire des arts. Cette approche est liée à la personnalité de l’artiste : curieux et ouvert, il souhaitait s’exprimer par tous les modes artistiques à sa disposition. Certains styles et genres musicaux comme le jazz, la sardane, le tango, la sonate, l’opéra, le rock ou la musique électronique l’ont inspiré. Sa représentation du musical, souvent associée au comique, à l’érotisme ou à la temporalité, a été atypique. Dalí s’est régulièrement mis en scène en tant que musicien pour correspondre à l’image de « génie » qu’il souhaitait offrir et qui masquait un désir inassouvi. Dans une quête « d’art total », il a eu la volonté de marier le sonore et le visuel en réunissant les arts, notamment dans ses œuvres scéniques, où l’influence de Wagner a été majeure. En 1974, il enregistre son opéra-poème Être Dieu dans lequel il parle et chante, accompagné par la musique d’Igor Wakhévitch. L’analyse de cette œuvre, très peu étudiée à ce jour, offre une synthèse des thèmes de prédilection de l’artiste. Ce travail se fonde sur des archives publiques et privées consultées en Europe et aux États-Unis et reproduit des sources et témoignages inédits de musiciens et personnalités ayant côtoyé Salvador Dalí. / Salvador Dalí asserted time and again that he despised music. Nevertheless, references to this art in his work are omnipresent in various domains: painting, drawing, sculpture, cinema, ballet, happenings, photography, writings… The dissonance between the word and the work is at the heart of this thesis which attempts to define the role played by music in the creation of Dalí by opening up the disciplines, while replacing his approach within the context of surrealism and art history. This approach is linked to the personality of the artist: curious and open, he wished to express himself through all artistic means at his disposal. Styles and musical genres such as jazz, sardana, tango, sonata, opera, rock and electronic music inspired him. His representation of the musical, often associated with the comic, the erotic or the temporal, was atypical. Dalí regularly performed as a musician to correspond to the image of « genius » which he wished to convey and which masked an unsated desire. In the quest for « total artwork », he had the will to marry the tonal and the visual by unifying the arts, in his scenic works in particular, where the influence of Wagner reigned supreme. In 1974, he records his opera-poem Être Dieu in which he speaks and sings, accompanied by the music of Igor Wakhévitch. The analysis of this work, little studied to this day, offers a synthesis of the artist’s preferred themes. This thesis is based on public and private archives consulted in Europe and in the United States and reproduces sources and unpublished testimonies of musicians and personalities who were close to Salvador Dalí.

Orientador: Iumna Maria Simon / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T01:30:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antunes_JosePedro_D.pdf: 31417776 bytes, checksum: 57e862d3f4639cd88aa22bf3a67e9811 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: Esta tese é parte de um projeto mais amplo de leitura e tradução de textos teóricos e ficcionais alemães dos anos 60. O projeto se iniciou com a tradução comentada de Teoria da Vanguarda, que, juntamente com O surrealismo francês, representa a luta da geração alemã que saiu às ruas em 68. Relendo a tradição crítica da Escola de Frankfurt, Bürger busca uma nova compreensão do papel social da arte na sociedade burguesa, e propõe uma revisão dos fundamentos da disciplina da Teoria Literária, num país que não tinha recebido ainda o surrealismo e que, conseqüentemente, não estaria apto a compreender o pós-estruturalismo.De acordo com Bürger, os movimentos históricos de vanguarda fracassaram, mas realizaram a "autocrítica da arte na sociedade burguesa". No entanto, a historiografia literária tem sido incapaz de assimilar contribuições teóricas importantes como as teses de Bürger ou da Estética da Recepção, ou mesmo de reconhecer o lugar de um autor representativo como Peter Handke. A adoção do realismo francês. Do século XIX está em consonância com o conceito de uma "hora zero". O neo-realismo do Grupo 47, questionado por Handke, seria superado pelo clamor das ruas em 68. O ponto de partida de Bürger é o fracasso das aspirações de sua geração, para ele, a repetição do fracasso dos movimentos de vanguarda. Em O surrealismo francês, uma nova mirada para a história e para o papel do movimento aponta, sobretudo, para a atualidade de sua proposta radical de tomar a unir arte e vida. Bürger defende a necessidade do labor teórico e da pesquisa engajada no convívio com os textos. Esta tradução é baseada na segunda edição, comemorativa dos trinta anos da obra, que traz um novo prefácio, três capítulos inéditos e inúmeras notas sobre o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. Em anexo, a tradução de alguns outros textos do autor, dados biográficos e bibliográficos, e um glossário dos principais termos técnicos / Abstract: This thesis is one of the steps of a wider project on reading and translation of theoretical and fictional German texts of the Sixties. It began by the commented translation of Peter Bürger's Theory of the Avant-Garde, which, together with Der franzõsische Surrealismus, represents the struggle of the German generation who went to the streets in 68. Rereading the critical tradition of the School of Frankfurt, Bürger claims for a new understanding of the social role of art in the bourgeois society. He proposes a revision of the foundations of the discipline Literary Theory in a country that had not yet received Surrealism and which would, therefore, be unable to understand Post-Structuralism. According to Bürger, the historical avant-garde movements failed their targets but succeeded in promoting a "self-criticism of art in the bourgeois society". However, Literary Historiography has been unable toassimilate such important theoretical contributions such as Bürger's thesis or the Rezeptionsasthetik, or even to recognize the place of a representative author as Handke. The adoption of the XIXth Century French Realism is tuned with the concept of an "hour zero". The Neo Realism of the Group 47, questioned by Handke, would be overcome by the clamor of the streets in 68. Peter Bürger' s starting point is the failure of the aspirations of that generation, for him a repetition of the failure of avant-garde movements. In Der franzõsische Surrealismus, a new overview of the history and the role of Surrealism points, above all, to the presentness of his radical proposal of uniting art and life again. Bürger defends the need for theoretical labor and engaged research in the conviviality with texts. This translation is based on the second commemorative edition of the thirty years of Der franzõsische Surrealismus, which brings a new foreword, three unpublished chapters and the addition of notes about the development of the research. Enclosed are the translation of some other texts by the author, biographical and bibliographical data, and a glossary of the main technical terms / Doutorado / Teoria Literaria / Doutor em Letras

Institutionen för kultur och estetik, Konstvetenskap 106 91 Stockholms universitet 08-16 20 00 vx   Handledare: Andrea Kollnitz   Titel och undertitel:  Värdet av det fristående föremålet - Fernand Légers ”l’objet dans l’espace” i konstnärskapet hos Waldemar Lorentzon och Erik Olson under 1920- och 1930-talet   Författare:  Anna Nilsson   Kontaktuppgifter till författaren:  anni6257@student.su.se   Uppsatsnivå:  Kandidatuppsats   Ventileringstermin: Vt 2019   ABSTRACT: Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka och jämföra vilka uttryck kubisten Fernand Légers tes om värdet av det fristående föremålet, ”l’objet dans l’espace” omsattes och påverkade de svenska konstnärerna Waldemar Lorentzons och Erik Olsons konstnärskap från 1924 när de påbörjade sina konststudier vid hans målarskola Académie Moderne i Paris och in på 1930-talet. Min metod är att först identifiera Légers teorier som inte finns nedtecknade i en kanon eller manifest och därefter med en komparativ analys undersöka hur de förhåller sig till respektive konstnärs verk och deras personliga förutsättningar i rörelsen från kubism till surrealism och villkoren på den svenska konstmarknaden. Studien visar att konstnärerna tog emot och omsatte Légers tes och teorier på ett öppet men individuellt sätt och att influenser av tesen går att identifiera i deras surrealistiska formspråk. Léger vidgade deras blick och ledde dem från ett expressionistiskt formspråk och att förhålla sig till de värderingar som var gällande inom det svenska kulturetablissemanget.   Nyckelord: Waldemar Lorentzon, Erik Olson, Fernand Léger, Halmstadgruppen, Egon Östlund, Otto G. Carlsund, kubism, surrealism, l’objet dans l’espace.

The discourse of pictorial surrealistic expressions in art historic course literature – a historiographic study about generalization of style. Through a historiographic perspective and discourse analysis the aim of this study is to uncover the ways art historic course literature make its stylistic categorization. This is done by making a semiotic categorization where three artworks are stipulated into a category called surrealistic pictorial expressions. The result of the semiotic picture analysis show both the semiotic grouping of pictures together and the work of the course literature as somewhat arbitrary, which lead to the questioning of why artworks are considered discursive objects while the course literature is not as well as how the narrative of pictures differs from the narrative of textbooks. The study shows a fundamental difference regarding the structuring of time which lead to a discussion on what might be the consequences for students of the field. / Undersökningen består huvudsakligen i två delar. Den första stärker genom bildanalys en samhörighet mellan tre konstverk, en samhörighet som trots allt visar sig vara problematisk. Den andra delen behandlar tre böcker som i stor utsträckning utgör fundamentet för den litteratur som studeras inom konstvetenskap på grundnivå. Med hjälp av slutsatsen från bildanalysen, att ett samband mellan bilder är relativt godtyckligt, kan texterna analyseras och betydande skillnader visar sig i hur konstverken kontra kurslitteraturen kommunicerar. Framförallt skiljer de sig åt i hur de strukturerar berättande tidsligt och likt bilderna som böckerna behandlar är de själva föremål för de strömningar som rör sig i samhället. Slutsatsen blir att studerande av konstvetenskap redan från början leds in i föreställningen om att konsthistorien är något som faktiskt existerar på ett objektivt plan medan det egentligen är något som aktivt skapas av de praktiserande inom fältet

La thèse interroge la façon dont les conceptions linguistiques – explicites comme implicites – des surréalistes ont conféré au langage la fonction d’opérateur principal d’un bouleversement de l’ordre établi. Dans leur entreprise de subversion de la pensée dominante d'après-guerre, les surréalistes se sont emparés du langage pour transformer la société : un nouvel emploi du langage devait libérer la pensée d'entraves héritées, et émanciper l'homme, afin de « changer la vie », de « transformer le monde » selon les mots d’ordre de Rimbaud et de Marx. Cette « Révolution Surréaliste » s’est dotée du langage comme arme première pour affirmer le refus des normes, s’extraire du déjà-pensé, et laisser dépérir les vieilles représentations véhiculées par le langage, qui bornent l’espace mental et portent atteinte aux capacités créatrices de l’imagination. Il s’agit de perturber les structures par trop évidentes de la langue, d’intégrer de l’hétérogénéité dans la parole pour empêcher la pensée dominante de s’immiscer dans la chaîne linguistique. Non pas changer le matériau de la langue, fondement de notre pensée, mais changer l’usage que l’on en fait, pour instituer un nouveau rapport au monde. C’est donc l’articulation des ambitions politiques et poétiques qui est la pierre angulaire de notre recherche sur cette affirmation éclatante du pouvoir des mots sur les choses, et sur la quête inébranlable d’une pensée libre, puissante, qu’a constitué l’aventure surréaliste. / This thesis questions the way the Surrealists' linguistic conceptions, both explicit and implicit, gave language a central role in the movement's attempt to overthrow the established order. With the goal of subverting post-war mainstream thinking, the Surrealists seized language to transform society : through a new use of language, thought was to be freed from inherited obstacles and men were to be emancipated, so as to « change life » and « transform the world », as proclaimed in Rimbaud's and Marx's respective slogans. This « surrealist revolution » used language as its main weapon to refuse norms, reject all preconceptions and undermine the old representations conveyed by language, as they were seen to constrict mental space and bar creative apprehensions. The aim was to disrupt conventional linguistic patterns, to give speech heterogeneity and thus to prevent mainstream thinking from intruding into the linguistic chain, not by changing the material of language as the basis of our thinking, but by changing the way we use it, in order to transform our relationship to the world. The articulation of those political and poetical ambitions is the cornerstone of our research work, which explores the Surrealists' quest for unrestrained, free thought, founded on their strong belief in the power of words over things.

This thesis is an analysis of Endre Nemes’ art and how he was received in Sweden. It will also cover his eight years as an art teacher at Valand art school. The timespan has been limited to his first eighteen years in Sweden. The thesis uses mainly Pierre Bourdieu’s The Rules of Art as a theoretical approach. Nemes was from Central European and a modern painter, he was regarded as cubist, surrealist and in the last years of the period as abstract. The first part concentrates on how his art evolved during the eighteen years and how the art critics described him. Especially four artworks have been analyzed. Context analysis is used to examine art criticism in Swedish newspapers from eight exhibitions. One result from the analysis is that during the years 1940 up until 1955 Nemes is regarded as avantgarde, a forerunner in Sweden and tended to shock the audience with his art. Even if he was very productive and had solo exhibitions, he mostly sold to other artists and early adopters. In the last years, especially after he left his job as a teacher, and became more abstract, he was just one of several artists and cannot any longer be regarded as avantgarde. The second part of the thesis covers Nemes as teacher at Valand art school in Gothenburg. Nemes was a precursor in modern art teaching. The period at Valand is interesting as it influenced both Swedish and Nemes own art. The thesis investigates what method he used as a teacher, how he was appreciated as a teacher both by his art students and by art critics in Swedish newspapers. The thesis also analyzes how Nemes impacted the student’s future way of painting. The result is that he had an impact on some of the students, but not on others. Most impact did he have on a group of students that was close to him, while other did not fully appreciate his teaching. Nemes’ method was to leave the students and their individual development as much freedom as possible, while still being strict on teaching different techniques and the importance of a careful composition. Another result was that all studied students used this knowledge in their future as independent artists.

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