Child survivors of the Holocaust have only recently been recognized as a distinguishable group of individuals who survived the war with a different experience to the older survivors. This thesis focuses on a specific group of child survivors, those who survived by going into hiding. In hiding, some remained "visible" by hiding within convents, orphanages or with Christian families. Others were physically hidden and had to disappear from sight. Most children often combined these two experiences in their hiding. / The intent of this study was to explore the experience of these hidden children using Giorgi’s empirical phenomenological methodology and to gain a richer understanding of the nature of this experience. Phenomenological analyses of the recorded and transcribed interviews of 11 child survivors were conducted and organized into meaning units which subsequently yielded situated structures from which the general structures evolved. / These analyses revealed that the defining moment of being hidden for these children was the suppression of their identities as Jews. By being hidden, they had to deny the essence of their core selves, including their names, family details and connections to others in an effort to conceal their Jewishness. Other structures to emerge as part of hiding were the pervading fear which enveloped their entire experience in hiding and the sense of suspended normality during this period, which sometimes extended over a period of years. A "cut-offness" and personality constriction seemed to be present throughout the descriptions of these children and appears to have developed as a method of coping with the trauma of their childhood. Overlaying all of this were general insecurities about the capriciousness of the war and the contextual specifics of their actual hiding places to which each child had to adjust. Connections/relationships to another person seemed to be highly significant in the dynamics of the everyday during the experience of hiding and often shaped some of the psychological and emotional experiences of hiddenness.

In Australia, up to 80% of individuals diagnosed with childhood cancer are now expected to survive for more than five years after their initial diagnosis. However, survivors of childhood cancer are at risk of developing late sequelae as a consequence of therapies received during childhood. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of selected late sequelae in a cohort of Australian childhood cancer survivors and identify treatment and genetic factors that may modify the risk of late sequelae in survivors. Our study included 1150 individuals treated for childhood cancer at the Sydney Children??s Hospital between 1962 and 1999, who had remained in remission >3 years and were confirmed to be alive. Rates of mortality and second cancers among survivors were compared against population rates to determine standardised mortality and incidence ratios. Survivors completed a questionnaire on the incidence of adverse health conditions and provided a buccal specimen. Real time PCR was used to detect polymorphisms in genes involved in drug detoxification and transport. Rates of mortality and secondary cancers were found to be 7.5-fold (95%CI 5.4-10.1) and 4.9-fold (95%CI 2.9-8.0) higher among survivors of childhood cancer relative to the general population, respectively, with the highest risks observed for those survivors previously treated for Hodgkin??s disease. Over 60% of survivors reported at least one cardiopulmonary, endocrine or sensory-motor condition following diagnosis of childhood cancer; the most frequently observed conditions included growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism, and hypertension. Late sequelae were most frequently reported by females and survivors of brain tumours. Genetic investigations showed that an increased risk of growth hormone deficiency was associated with homozygosity for the GSTM1 null polymorphism, while no gene associations were observed to influence the risk of second cancers among survivors. Our study demonstrates that survivors of childhood cancer are at risk of developing a variety of health conditions as a result of anti-cancer therapies received during childhood. Determining risk factors for late sequelae based on therapy type, lifestyle and genetic predisposition will enable the optimisation of treatment protocols and promote the future well-being of childhood cancer survivors.

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Psychology, 2006. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-74).

Bakgrund: År 2016 drabbades 7 934 personer i Sverige av plötsligt hjärtstopp där någon slags behandling påbörjats. På grund av ökade kunskaper kring plötsligt hjärtstopp ökar antalet överlevare. Plötsligt hjärtstopp kan upplevas som en traumatisk kris och kan påverka personens liv. Detta medför ett behov av att förbättra kunskapen och förståelsen för hur personer upplever livet efter plötsligt hjärtstopp. Syfte: Att beskriva personers upplevelser av livet efter plötsligt hjärtstopp. Metod: Litteraturöversikt där nio artiklar med kvalitativ ansats analyserats induktivt. Resultat: Tre teman identifierades. Existentiellt kaos med subteman; Varför jag? och Närheten till döden. Tillbaka till tryggheten med subteman; Behov av närhet och Behov av information. Ett nytt liv med subteman; Livet förändras och Livet omprioriteras. Personerna som drabbats av hjärtstopp hade behov av att fylla i minnesluckor, försöka förstå vad som hade hänt samt finna en mening med händelsen. Slutsats: Resultatet visade att personer som genomgått plötsligt hjärtstopp upplevde att det nya livet innebar fysiska, kognitiva och emotionella svårigheter. Att lära sig leva igen innebar omprioriteringar i livet.

Background: Every year 10,000 people in Sweden suffer from a cardiac arrest. The chance to survive increases and also the lifespan. Having suffered a cardiac arrest means a change in everyday life, both emotionally and physically. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe adult people’s experiences after surviving a cardiac arrest. Method: A qualitative literature-based study. An analysis of nine qualitative articles was carried out. Results: Three main themes emerged; near death-experience, a changed body and to get a functioning everyday. The results showed that life after the cardiac arrest meant a major transformation. To suffer a near-death experience affected the people and there was a reprioritisations of everyday life. It was found that bodily changes created an insecurity and it was perceived as difficulty when the energy was not enough. Conclusion: People who survived a cardiac arrest are in need of support from the health care.

Sexual assault is a global public health and human rights challenge which cuts across all social classes. According to a literature review based on 50 studies from around the world, between 10% and 50% of women have experienced some act of physical violence while one in every four women experience sexual violence by an intimate partner at some point in their lives. In an emergency unit in the North West, South Africa there are policies, guidelines and procedures in place with regard to the management of the rape survivors after the incident which focus on a medical orientated approach. The views of female rape survivors on their management are neglected; therefore management is not patient-centred. The main objective of the study was to explore and describe the views of the female rape survivors regarding the management they received in emergency unit to enable the health care professionals to move towards a more patient-centred approach in the management these patients. Appreciative Inquiry was used a research methodology. A qualitative design using purposive sampling was used to select the participants. Unstructured interviews were conducted with 10 female rape survivors and Tesch steps were used to analyse the data. Three main themes were identified, namely 1) therapeutic environment, 2) optimal healthcare received and 3) excellence in service delivery. With regard to the disease orientated management received the female rape survivors found it to be good. The participants voiced that it is important that female rape survivors should have an opportunity to attend group therapy following the rape incident so that they are able to support each other. / Dissertation (MCur)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / lk2014 / Nursing Science / MCur / Unrestricted

Abstract: By differentiating chromosomal ends from internal breaks, telomeres prevent DNA damage checkpoint activation and provide protection from inappropriate DNA repair activity that could create genomic instability. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a large number of genes have been identified that are implicated in telomerase and telomere structure and/or function. However, a comprehension of the mechanism of action of these genes and how they relate to other genes is lacking. The function of end protection is based on the telomeric repeats and associated proteins, but evidence is accumulating that the subtelomeric region also plays a role. This region contains binding sites for various proteins, notably Tbf1. TBF1 is an essential gene and the protein has been implicated in telomere homeostasis, chromatin remodelling, and the DNA damage response. My master’s project is based on the observation that cells harbouring a thermosensitive (tbf1-ts) allele have abnormally short telomeres. However, all four known mutant tbf1 alleles have multiple point mutations, which renders their analyses difficult. In order to be able to more precisely determine the origin of the phenotypic variations, we used site-directed mutagenesis to create single point mutation tbf1 alleles. These experiments yielded two particular mutations, tbf1-82 and tbf1-453, which were found to have growth defects at various temperatures as well as increased sensitivity to DNA damaging drugs. Although the alleles had only minor telomere length phenotypes, it was discovered that Tbf1 could have a direct role in telomere stability in special situations. For example, in the absence of telomerase, which normally maintains telomeres, cells enter replicative senescence after about 60 population doublings and stop dividing. A small subset of the cellular population is able to evade this growth arrest by maintaining telomeres via a recombination-dependent process. An introduction of the tbf1-82 or tbf1-453 mutation into strains that also lacked telomerase caused a dramatic advance in time of onset of senescence. Thus this work uncovered that Tbf1 is a previously unknown regulator of senescence. Various genetic assays with homologous recombination genes and chromatin regulators were performed to help further characterize TBF1 and its interactors. Characterization of these novel tbf1 alleles has given new insights into the multiple roles of Tbf1. / En différenciant les extrémités chromosomiques des cassures d’ADN internes, les télomères empêchent l'activation de la signalisation d’un dommage à l'ADN et fournissent une protection contre des activités inappropriées qui sont associées à une réparation de l'ADN. Une telle réparation pourrait en fait créer une instabilité génomique. Chez Saccharomyces cerevisiae, un nombre de protéines sont impliquées dans la structure du télomère et / ou la fonction de la élomérase. On pense que la protection des télomères est gérée par les répétitions télomériques et les protéines associées, mais il y a de plus en plus d’indices que la région sous-télomérique joue également un rôle. Cette région contient des sites de liaison pour plusieures protéines, notamment pour Tbf1. TBF1 est un gène essentiel et la protéine est impliquée dans l'homéostasie des télomères et dans la réponse aux dommages de l’ADN. Toutefois, les mécanismes moléculaires restent à être précisés. Mon projet de Maîtrise est basé sur l’observation que dans les cellules qui ont un allèle thermosensible (tbf1-ts), les télomères sont anormalement courts. Malheureusement, les 4 allèles mutants de tbf1 connus présentent tous des mutations ponctuelles multiples ce qui rend leur analyse difficile. Pour clarifier l'origine des variations phénotypiques de ces mutations, la mutagenèse dirigée a été utilisée pour créer des allèles tbf1 avec une seule mutation. Mes résultats montrent que deux mutations spécifiques, tbf1-82 et tbf1-453, causent des défauts de croissance cellulaires, ainsi qu'une sensibilité aux drogues qui endommageant l'ADN. Une analyse détaillée de ces nouveaux allèles de tbf1 a montré que la protéine pourrait avoir un rôle direct dans le maintien de la stabilité des télomères. Par exemple, en absence de la télomérase qui est responsable du maintien des télomères, les cellules entrent en sénescence réplicative après environ 60 générations et arrêtent de se diviser. Par contre, une petite fraction de la population est capable de contourner cet arrêt de croissance car ces cellules maintiennent les télomères par un processus dépendant de la recombinaison homologue. L'introduction de mutations tbf1 dans des souches sans télomérase provoque une accélération d’entrée en sénescence; donc Tbf1 est un régulateur précédemment inconnu de la sénescence. Divers tests génétiques avec des gènes de recombinaison homologue et des régulateurs de chromatine ont été effectués pour aider à caractériser TBF1 et ses interactions. La caractérisation de ces nouveaux allèles a permis de mieux comprendre les multiples rôles de Tbf1.

Masters in Public Administration - MPA / Organisations of every industry are changing continuously. A pervasive response to this experience is some form of downsizing. Chew and Horwitz (2002) state due to globalisation, organisations have increasingly adopted cost/ competitive measures to increase performance. Organisations inevitably seek to survive these pressures by downsizing. According to Tzafrir, Mona- Negrin, Havel and Rom Nagy (2006), downsizing is known to be defined as a company trying to increase its competitiveness, efficiency and productivity by decreasing the number of workers in the organisation. Drummond (2000) states that there is extra pressure put onto the remaining workers for productivity after the layoff process. It must be acknowledged that managers should be seen as both an employee and a supervisor. Managers therefore have to implement the change when the process occurs and deals with the reactions of him/herself and that of the subordinates (Wiesenfeld, Brockner, Petzall, Wolf & Bailey, 2001). To gain a competitive advantage, organisations must pay attention to their managers who are responsible for driving organisation’s processes and outcomes. Rana, Garg and Rastogi (2011) state that organisations need to attend to factors that influence managers’ performance and job satisfaction, such as perception of organisational justice. Managers’ perception of organisational justice is imperative, as subordinates mimic the behaviours and attitude of their managers (Wiesenfeld et al., 2001). The aim of this study is to investigate what impact the downsizing process had on the perception of organizational justice of survivor middle managers. The differences between middle managers’ age, gender, year of service or tenure, marital status and education level were taken into account. The study was conducted in different departments of a large Automotive Retail organisation where downsizing has taken place. A biographical questionnaire and a questionnaire designed to measure perceptions of organisational justice after downsizing (Niehoff and Moorman Organisational Justice Questionnaire), was administered to gather the data. The sample of one hundred and forty-four respondents consisted of male and female middle managers. Convenience sampling was utilised to select the sample. Statistical analyses involved both descriptive and inferential statistics. ANOVA and T-Test were the tools that were used to analyse the data. Findings indicates that there was a statistical significant difference in middle managers’ perception of organisational justice based on gender, age, tenure, marital status and education level in the Automotive Industry.

Bakgrund: Att drabbas av hjärtstopp kan upplevas som en dramatisk händelse som påverkar både hälsan och livsvärlden. Alla patienter innehar ett existentiellt sammanhang som påverkar hälsan, livet och patienten själv. Sjuksköterskan behöver kunna se till patientens livsvärld och förstå hur olika sammanhang påverkar patientens upplevelse av sin hälsa. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva patientens upplevelse av att överleva ett hjärtstopp. Metod: Den valda metoden var en litteraturbaserad studie med kvalitativ ansats som inkluderade 11 artiklar som analyserats med en metod beskriven av Friberg. Resultat: Ur analysen av datamaterialet framträdde tre huvudteman: en ny vardag, ett förändrat liv och livsavgörande begränsning med inopererad defibrillator med tio underteman. Konklusion: Majoriteten av patienterna upplevde oro, rädsla och ångest i sin vardag. De behövde utveckla nya strategier för att kunna hantera sitt nya liv i form av rutiner och planering för att minska stress i vardagen. / Background: To suffer from cardiac arrest can be experienced as a dramatic event that affects both the health and life world. All of the patients have an existential coherency that affects the health, life and the patient itself. As a nurse you will be able to see the patient's life world and understand how different contexts affects the patient's experienced health. Purpose: The purpose was to describe the patient’s experience of surviving cardiac arrest. Method: The chosen method was a literature based study with a qualitative approach that included 11 articles that was analyzed using a method described by Friberg. Results: Through analysis of the data material three main themes was generated with associated sub themes. From the analysis of the data emerged three main themes a new every day life, a changed life and a life changing limitation with an inoperable defibrillator with ten undertheme. Conclusion: The majority of the patients experienced worry, fear and anxiety in their everyday life. They needed to develop new strategies to cope with their new life with the help of routines and planning to decrease stress in their everyday life.

To examine evidence-based interventions for nurses to use when supporting cancer survivors self-manage their symptoms. Part I: A systematic review to determine the effect of shared medical appointments (SMAs) on patients with a physical chronic illness (excluding diabetes mellitus), their healthcare providers and the healthcare system. Nine randomized controlled trials were included; one focused on breast cancer survivors. This trial was feasible and showed no difference in outcomes compared to usual care. Part II: A descriptive study to adapt and evaluate the acceptability of an evidence-informed symptom practice guide (SPG) for use by nurses for the assessment, triage, and management of patients experiencing dyspnea due to cancer treatment-related cardiotoxicity. Guided by the CAN-IMPLEMENT© methodology, evidence from seven guidelines on heart failure was added to the original SPG. Eleven participants indicated the adapted SPG was comprehensive and easy to follow, and would be helpful for handling symptom calls from patients.