En conditions hivernales rigoureuses, l'application des fondants routiers (principalement du chlorure de sodium - NaCl) permet d'assurer la sécurité des usagers de réseaux. Toutefois, son utilisation généralisée entraîne des risques de contamination des écosystèmes aquatiques et terrestres. En milieu routier, le Na+ et Cl- sont transportés par les eaux de ruissellement vers des ouvrages de traitement tels que les bassins de rétention-décantation. Or, ces bassins n'ont pas la capacité de traiter efficacement cet apport de fondants sous forme dissoute. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier le transfert de ces fondants au sein du système routier et de déterminer leur rôle dans la libération des polluants en période hivernale. Les caractéristiques du bassin situé à Azerailles (Lorraine, France) sur une route nationale moyennement fréquentée ont été étudiées, ainsi que les conditions météorologiques, les salages, la composition des matières en suspension (MES) et la concentration en éléments traces métalliques (ETM). Les résultats ont permis de montrer que entre 50 et 90 % du Cl- ont été collectés par le bassin. Il joue un rôle de tampon qui permet une libération du Cl- dilué durant la période de ruissellement suivant la période de salage. La présence de NaCl dans les eaux a joué un rôle sur la diminution de la qualité des matières en suspension, en mettant en évidence la présence de polluants organiques en période de salage. Elle entraîne également une modification de la chimie des eaux et une augmentation des polluants métalliques (zinc). / In severe winter conditions, the application of deicer salts (mainly sodium chloride -NaCl) ensures the safety of network users. However, its spreading carries contamination risks of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. On the road, Na+ and Cl- are transported by runoff water to retention-decantation ponds. These ponds do not have the capacity to efficiently treat this flux of deicer salts in dissolved form. In addition, they allow the modification of water and soil chemistry, generating the mobility of metallic pollutants. The objective of this thesis is to study the deicer salt transfer and to determine its role in the release of pollutants during winter. The characteristics of the pond located in Azerailles (Lorraine, France) on a medium-frequented national road were studied, as well as the weather and salting conditions, the composition of the suspended matters and the concentration of traces metals. The results highlighted that between 50 and 90 % of Cl- was collected by the pond. The pond acts as a buffer which allows a release of the collected Cl- diluted during the runoff period following the salting period. The presence of NaCl in runoff water reduced the quality of suspended solids with the presence of organic markers of road pollution and the increase of zinc. It also influenced the increase of zinc in water, the chemical composition and the speciation of elements.

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The aim of this Diploma Thesis was the design of multipurpose town house located on Křížová Street, Brno with the significant housing part, but also with areas for administration offices and commercial use. The project focuses on new attempt and concept of inner part of the block, as well as on connection into the existing historical urban structure. A new multi-storey monolithic house with seven floors and glass façade was designed. Commercial area is located in the parterre of the house, second floor is used for offices and the roof (7th floor) gives attractive place for a café. The rest of the house (3rd to 6th floor) has a dwelling purpose. Diploma Thesis copes with the function of yard and underground parking place, as well.

[pt] A matéria orgânica particulada (MOP) em suspensão presente entre a Baía de Guanabara e o oceano costeiro foi caracterizada através de composição elementar (C e N), razões isotópicas (delta 13C e delta 15N) e marcadores moleculares (esteróis, n-álcoois e ácidos graxos) em dois períodos (verão e outono) ao longo de um transecto e de um fundeio de 25h. As assinaturas elementares (C/N = 5 a 23) e isotópicas (delta 13C = -27,7 a -16,2 por mil e delta 15N = 2,4 a 11,2 por mil) foram típicas de predomínio de matéria orgânica planctônica. Ácidos graxos (totais de 12,08 ± 7,78 Micrograma L–1 no verão e 22,06 ± 1,75 Micrograma L–1 no outono para o transecto; e de 13,47 ± 5,15 Micrograma L–1 no verão e 15,84 ± 3,61 Micrograma L–1 no outono para o fundeio de 25h) ocorreram como compostos de cadeia curta, mono- e poli-insaturados. Concentrações totais de esteróis variaram de 0,04 a 7,32 Micrograma L-1, com predominância de colesterol e fitoesteróis. n-álcoois foram um componente menos importante (0,01 a 5,67 Micrograma L-1). A abordagem multiparâmetros revelou a contribuição predominante de fontes autóctonas de MOP, o que reflete a influência da Baía de Guanabara sobre processos ecológicos na zona de transição aqui considerada. A contribuição fecal sobre a MOP também foi identificada, mas sendo um componente menos significativo, possivelmente pela diluição causada pelas fontes autóctonas ou pela degradação dos marcadores fecais. Além disso, a MOP de origem terrestre não é exportada da baía e, portanto, deve sofrer um processo de acúmulo nos sedimentos internos da baía. Isso suporta a necessidade de quantificar essa contribuição continental para melhor estabelecer o balanço de carbono na baía. / [en] Suspended particulate organic matter (POM) present between Guanabara Bay and the coastal ocean was characterized by elemental composition (C and N), isotopic ratios (delta13C and delta15N) and molecular markers (sterols, n-alcohols and fatty acids) in two periods (summer and fall) along a transect and a fixed station. Elemental (C/N of 5 to 23) and isotopic (delta13C= -27.7 to -16.2 per thousand and delta15N = 2.4 to 11.2 per thousand) signatures were typical for the predominance of planktonic organic matter. Fatty acids (totals of 12.08 ± 7.78 microgram L–1 in summer and 22.06 ± 1.75 microgram L–1 in the fall for the transect, and 13.47 ± 5.15 microgram L–1 in summer and 15.84 ± 3.61 microgram L–1 in the fall for the fixed station) were presente as short-chain, monoand poly-unsaturated compounds. Total sterol concentrations ranged from 0.04 to 7.32 microgram L–1, with the predominance of cholesterol and phytosterols. n-alcohols were a minor component (0.01 to 5.67 microgram L–1 ). The multi-proxy approach revealed an overwhelming contribution of autochthonous POM sources, reflecting the influence of the Guanabara Bay outflow on ecological processes in the transition zone considered herein. Fecal contribution to POM was also identified, albeit as a less significant component, possibly due to dilution caused by autochthonus sources or degradation of fecal markers. Moreover, the terrestriallyderived POM was not exported from the bay and, therefore, must experience an accumulation process in the inner bay sediments. This supports the need to quantify such continental contribution to better establish the carbon balance in the bay.

Yes / The transfer of suspended sediment can range widely from being diluted to being hyperconcentrated, depending on the local flow and ground conditions. Using the Rouse model and the Kundu and Ghoshal (2017) model, it is possible to look at the sediment distribution for a range of hyper-concentrated and diluted flows. According to the Kundu and Ghoshal model, the sediment flow follows a linear profile for the hyper-concentrated flow regime and a power law applies for the dilute concentrated flow regime. This paper describes these models and how the Kundu and Ghoshal parameters (linear-law coefficients and power-law coefficients) are dependent on sediment flow parameters using machine-learning techniques. The machine-learning models used are XGboost Classifier, Linear Regressor (Ridge), Linear Regressor (Bayesian), K Nearest Neighbours, Decision Tree Regressor, and Support Vector Machines (Regressor). The models were implemented on Google Colab and the models have been applied to determine the relationship between every Kundu and Ghoshal parameter with each sediment flow parameter (mean concentration, Rouse number, and size parameter) for both a linear profile and a power-law profile. The models correctly calculated the suspended sediment profile for a range of flow conditions ( 0.268 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 ≤ 𝑑𝑑50 ≤ 2.29 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚, 0.00105 𝑔𝑔 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚3 ≤ particle density ≤ 2.65 𝑔𝑔 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚3 , 0.197 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑠 ≤ 𝑣𝑣𝑠𝑠 ≤ 96 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑠 , 7.16 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑠 ≤ 𝑢𝑢∗ ≤ 63.3 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑠 , 0.00042 ≤ 𝑐𝑐̅≤ 0.54), including a range of Rouse numbers (0.0076 ≤ 𝑃𝑃 ≤ 23.5). The models showed particularly good accuracy for testing at low and extremely high concentrations for type I to III profiles.

As the fifth generation of telecommunications is deployed, and the number of devices transmitting in the microwave bands grows, effective filtering technologies are becoming ever more important. When a filter is designed, some performance trade-offs have to be made, and one of them is the trade-off between filter size and electrical performance. This thesis addresses this tradeoff by proposing two fourth order all-pole Chebyshev filters in the Ku band realised in suspended integrated stripline technology, which combine a small physical footprint with high unloaded Q-values. These characteristics make it possible to create more compact systems, or increase the filtering capability in systems where the existing filter size is the limiting factor. The first filter was designed with the goal of maximum compactness, with the resonators made up of metallic strips on both sides of the microwave substrate, with intra-resonator capacitive coupling between the strip, and inter-resonator capacitive coupling mainly between adjacent resonators. The second filter was made slightly larger but with improved electrical performance, with the main difference being a via shorting the resonator strips together, largely confining the electric field to the suspended integrated stripline’s air cavity. The comparison between these filters allows a potential systems engineer to make an informed decision on how compact a filter could be while still providing good enough performance. Both filters had a return loss less than 20 dB in the entire passband, the first filter had an insertion loss ranging from -2.15 dB to -1.6 dB, and the second filter had an insertion loss ranging from -2 dB to -1.1 dB. / I takt med att den femte generationen av telekommunikationsteknologi utvecklas och lanseras så finner sig kommunikationssystem i en allt mer brusig signalmiljö. Fler och fler system kommer att behöva dela på det tillgängliga elektromagnetiska spektrat, och därmed behövs allt mer effektiv teknologi för att filtrera signalerna, både på mottagar- och sändarsidan. Trådlös kommunikation sker med hjälp av elektromagnetisk strålning inom radiospektrat, och dessa signaler kräver speciella mikrovågskomponenter för förstärkning och filtrering. Mikrovågsfilter konstrueras ofta som stora och materialkrävande kavitetsfilter i metall, eftersom denna typ av filter har lägst förluster av de vanligt förekommande filtertyperna. Den stora materialåtgången är en uppenbar nackdel ur en hållbarhetssynpunkt, och storleken på filtret kan i vissa kompakta tillämpningar utgöra en begränsning av ett systems filtreringsförmåga. Detta examensarbete presenterar därmed två nya filter för Ku-bandet i integrerad hängande-substrat-stripline-teknologi, vars konstruktion kombinerar ett kompakt format med relativt låga energiförluster. Dessa filter utgör ett alternativ för framtida system som både kan tillåta miniatyrisering av system där filtrena är den begränsande faktorn storleksmässigt, såväl som att möjliggöra ökad filteringskapabilitet för redan kompakta system. Det första filtret, vars mål var maximal kompakthet hade förluster mellan -2.15 dB och -1.6 dB i passbandet, medan det andra filtret hade något större dimensioner och hade förluster mellan -2 dB och -1.1 dB. Då filtrena konstruerades i form av diskreta komponenter med koaxialdon, så är de angivna förlusterna till viss del orsakade av donen och dess omgivande struktur i filtrena. Förlusterna kan alltså vidare minimeras om filtrena i stället konstrueras som en del av ett integrerat system, direkt anslutna till en eller flera angränsande komponenter.

The last major work of fiction completed in Henry James’ career as an author, The Golden Bowl sits apart in the context of his oeuvre. In the novel, narrated action has migrated away from the description of exterior events toward a style of indirection, implication, and a focus on the inner workings of its characters. The essay argues that The Golden Bowl stages a suspended affect that denies narrative closure in a strategy on James’s part to emphasize the versatility of the novel form. By contextualizing this phenomenon alongside contemporaneous and more modern theories of emotion, the essay contends that the suspended affect staged in the novel results from negative emotions owing to ambiguous social relationships as well as characters’ difficulties in translating and verbalizing embodied emotions that are ultimately irretrievable.

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