Este trabalho desenvolve um método para a comparação de soluções logísticas de armazenamento e recuperação, com aplicações em centros de distribuição, depósitos, armazéns e demais estruturas equivalentes. Tais soluções podem implicar desde o uso de paleteiras manuais e empilhadeiras contra-balanceadas, até em arranjos mais complexos, envolvendo trans-elevadores operando em corredores de prateleiras com vários metros de altura. A literatura existente para o design e a escolha de tais soluções ressalta o prevalecimento de métodos proprietários e ad-hoc, auxiliados por ferramentas de software demasiadamente genéricas. Assim, o método aqui proposto é elaborado seguindo os princípios da Engenharia de Sistemas Baseada em Modelos (MBSE), sendo expresso através da linguagem OMG SysMLTM, e montado com o auxílio de ferramenta de software CASE (computer aided systems engineering) disponível comercialmente. Utilizando-se das técnicas mencionadas, este trabalho demonstra o passo-apasso da construção do método proposto, incluindo a formulação de um template de requisitos e de um modelo de referência, orientado a objetos, para sistemas logísticos de armazenamento e recuperação. Concluída a apresentação do método, o mesmo é aplicado em dois exemplos de estudos de viabilidade (trade-studies) que determinam soluções ótimas para um dado conjunto de requisitos de negócio. No primeiro exemplo tem-se como fator limitante o no de endereços de armazenamento, e no segundo a área disponível para construção do armazém. O principal resultado obtido com esse trabalho é capacidade de simular, em um único ambiente, escolhas de soluções logísticas de armazenamento que consideram parâmetros do sistema como um todo, e não apenas de seus sub-sistemas isoladamente. Isto tornou possível mensurar como alterações nas especificações de um dado ponto de vista, como o estrutural, impactam na satisfação dos requisitos de outros pontos de vista, como o dinâmico ou financeiro. A MBSE, entretanto, ainda não pode ser considerada uma disciplina madura. As ferramentas de software que a ela dão suporte, bem como as listas de melhores práticas de suas aplicações estão em constante evolução e aprimoramento. Dessa forma, a aplicação dos princípios da MBSE no design e seleção de soluções logísticas de armazenamento, com adoção da orientação a objetos, pode ser tida como uma ideia inovadora. / This work presents a method for warehouse storage solutions comparison. The existing research regarding the design and selection of such logistic solutions highlights the predominance of ad-hoc procedures, as well as the use of generic software tools. Therefore, the method herein presented shall be developed according to the model-based systems engineering (MBSE) principles, being describe through the system modeling language (SysML), and built inside a computer-aided system engineering (CASE) software tool, commercially available. The method\'s steps shall be thoroughly detailed, including the creation of a reference model for warehouse storage systems, and its further use in trade studies execution. Once the method is properly described, its validation is demonstrated through two case studies designed to compare storage solutions according to the number of pallet-positions oered, and its dimensional footprint. This work\'s main achievement is the possibility to simulate, in a single environment, warehouse storage solution\'s options that take into account parameters of the system as a whole, and not only its sub-systems separately. With that, it is possible to measure how changes in the specifications of a given view point, such as structural, impact the requirement\'s satisfaction of other view points, such as dynamic or financial. The MBSE, however, still can not be considered a mature discipline. The software tools that support it, as well as the lists of best practices of its applications are constantly evolving and improving. Thus, the application of MBSE\'s principles in the design, and comparison, of warehouse storage solutions, with the adoption of object orientation, can be considered an innovative idea.

À l'ère de systèmes électroniques intégrés, les ingénieurs font face au défi de concevoir et de tester des systèmes hétérogènes contenant des parties analogiques, numériques, mécaniques et même du logiciel embarqué. Cela reste très difficile car il n'y a pas d'outil unifiant ces différents domaines de l’ingénierie. Ces systèmes, dits hétérogènes, ont leur comportement exprimées et spécifiés par plusieurs formalismes, chacun particulier à son domaine d'expertise (diagramme de machines à état pour les circuits de contrôle numérique, équations différentielles pour les modèles mécaniques, ou bien des réseaux de composants pour les circuits analogiques). Les outils de conception existants sont destinés à traiter des systèmes homogènes en utilisant un seul formalisme à la fois. Dans l'état actuel, l'industrie se bat avec des problèmes d'intégration à chaque étape de la conception, à savoir la spécification, la simulation, la validation et le déploiement. L'absence d'une approche qui comprend les spécifications des interfaces inter-domaines est souvent la cause des problèmes d'intégration de différentes parties d'un système hétérogène. Cette thèse propose une approche pour faire face à l'hétérogénéité en utilisant SysML comme outil fédérateur. Notre proposition repose sur la définition d'une sémantique explicite pour les diagrammes SysML ainsi que des éléments d'adaptation sémantiques capables d'enlever les ambiguïtés dans les interfaces multi-domaines. Pour démontrer l'efficacité de ce concept, un ensemble d'outils basés sur l'ingénierie dirigé par les modèles a été construit pour générer du code exécutable automatiquement à partir des spécifications. / In the era of highly integrated electronics systems, engineers face the challenge of designing and testing multi-faceted systems with single-domain tools. This is difficult and error-prone. These so called heterogeneous systems have their operation and specifications expressed by several formalisms, each one particular to specific domains or engineering fields (software, digital hardware, analog, etc.). Existing design tools are meant to deal with homogeneous designs using one formalism at a time. In the current state, industry is forced to battle with integration issues at every design step, i.e. specification, simulation, validation and deployment. Common divide-to-conquer approaches do not include cross-domain interface specification from the beginning of the project. This lack is often the cause of issues and rework while trying to connect parts of the system that were not designed with the same formalism. This thesis proposes an approach to deal with heterogeneity by embracing it from the beginning of the project using SysML as the unifying tool. Our proposal hinges on the assignment of well-defined semantics to SysML diagrams, together with semantic adaptation elements. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this concept, a toolchain is built and used to generate systems simulation executable code automatically from SysML specifications for different target languages using model driven engineering techniques.

Este trabalho desenvolve um método para a comparação de soluções logísticas de armazenamento e recuperação, com aplicações em centros de distribuição, depósitos, armazéns e demais estruturas equivalentes. Tais soluções podem implicar desde o uso de paleteiras manuais e empilhadeiras contra-balanceadas, até em arranjos mais complexos, envolvendo trans-elevadores operando em corredores de prateleiras com vários metros de altura. A literatura existente para o design e a escolha de tais soluções ressalta o prevalecimento de métodos proprietários e ad-hoc, auxiliados por ferramentas de software demasiadamente genéricas. Assim, o método aqui proposto é elaborado seguindo os princípios da Engenharia de Sistemas Baseada em Modelos (MBSE), sendo expresso através da linguagem OMG SysMLTM, e montado com o auxílio de ferramenta de software CASE (computer aided systems engineering) disponível comercialmente. Utilizando-se das técnicas mencionadas, este trabalho demonstra o passo-apasso da construção do método proposto, incluindo a formulação de um template de requisitos e de um modelo de referência, orientado a objetos, para sistemas logísticos de armazenamento e recuperação. Concluída a apresentação do método, o mesmo é aplicado em dois exemplos de estudos de viabilidade (trade-studies) que determinam soluções ótimas para um dado conjunto de requisitos de negócio. No primeiro exemplo tem-se como fator limitante o no de endereços de armazenamento, e no segundo a área disponível para construção do armazém. O principal resultado obtido com esse trabalho é capacidade de simular, em um único ambiente, escolhas de soluções logísticas de armazenamento que consideram parâmetros do sistema como um todo, e não apenas de seus sub-sistemas isoladamente. Isto tornou possível mensurar como alterações nas especificações de um dado ponto de vista, como o estrutural, impactam na satisfação dos requisitos de outros pontos de vista, como o dinâmico ou financeiro. A MBSE, entretanto, ainda não pode ser considerada uma disciplina madura. As ferramentas de software que a ela dão suporte, bem como as listas de melhores práticas de suas aplicações estão em constante evolução e aprimoramento. Dessa forma, a aplicação dos princípios da MBSE no design e seleção de soluções logísticas de armazenamento, com adoção da orientação a objetos, pode ser tida como uma ideia inovadora. / This work presents a method for warehouse storage solutions comparison. The existing research regarding the design and selection of such logistic solutions highlights the predominance of ad-hoc procedures, as well as the use of generic software tools. Therefore, the method herein presented shall be developed according to the model-based systems engineering (MBSE) principles, being describe through the system modeling language (SysML), and built inside a computer-aided system engineering (CASE) software tool, commercially available. The method\'s steps shall be thoroughly detailed, including the creation of a reference model for warehouse storage systems, and its further use in trade studies execution. Once the method is properly described, its validation is demonstrated through two case studies designed to compare storage solutions according to the number of pallet-positions oered, and its dimensional footprint. This work\'s main achievement is the possibility to simulate, in a single environment, warehouse storage solution\'s options that take into account parameters of the system as a whole, and not only its sub-systems separately. With that, it is possible to measure how changes in the specifications of a given view point, such as structural, impact the requirement\'s satisfaction of other view points, such as dynamic or financial. The MBSE, however, still can not be considered a mature discipline. The software tools that support it, as well as the lists of best practices of its applications are constantly evolving and improving. Thus, the application of MBSE\'s principles in the design, and comparison, of warehouse storage solutions, with the adoption of object orientation, can be considered an innovative idea.

Les systèmes embarqués, y compris les dispositifs, l’intergiciel et le logiciel pour la création de sous-systèmes intelligents capables de gérer le contrôle d’appareils électroniques, font de plus en plus partie de nos vies quotidiennes : ils sont intégrés dans des infrastructures de base, (par exemple dans la gestion des routes et des chemins de fer) et sont désormais utilisés en tant que technologies-clés par des millions d'applications logicielles chaque jour. En outre, l'évolution rapide et continue des systèmes embarqués modernes a provoqué de nouveaux défis. Par exemple, la conception des processus complexes qui causent des retards dans le temps de commercialisation et la conséquente augmentation des coûts globaux. Ces systèmes sont plus enclins aux erreurs et par conséquence il devient prioritaire de fournir aux concepteurs des outils effectifs et efficaces pour les aider à surmonter les difficultés liées à la conception des systèmes globales, pour la vérification et pour la validation. Cette thèse est la définition et le développement d'une méthodologie de modélisation basée sur le profil de MARTE et sur le profil de SysML dans un contexte avionique, et orientée à la réutilisation des composantes logicielles et à leur vérification. Cette thèse vise à discuter et illustrer aussi l'efficacité d’une stratégie basée sur la combinaison d’UML, MARTE (Modeling and Analysis of Real Type and Embedded Systems) et des langages SysML sur des étapes différentes de la modélisation d'un système embarqué / Embedded Systems, including devices, middleware and software for the creation of intelligent sub-systems able of monitoring and controlling appliances, are more and more part of our world everyday lives; they are included in the basic infrastructure of society such as roads and railways and are key technologies used by millions of people every day. Moreover the continuous rapid evolution of modern embedded systems has given rise to new challenges: such as increasingly complex design processes that cause delays in time to market and cause escalation of overall design costs. Additionally, these systems are more prone to containing errors, and it becomes more relevant to provide designers with effective tools to aid them in overcoming the difficulties related to the overall system design, verification and validation. This thesis contributes to the definition and to the development of a model based methodology grounded on the OMG’s MARTE profile (Modeling and Analysis of Real Type and Embedded Systems) and on SysML profile to model requirements targeting an avionic case study, with a particular attention to the reuse of the modelled components and to the benefits of their verification. This thesis aims at discussing and illustrating the effectiveness of using a combination of UML, MARTE and SysML languages at the different steps of the embedded system modelling efforts and to provide within this thesis a set of methodological guidelines/steps and an approach to create design model, stores and verify them

À l’heure actuelle et depuis plusieurs années, les nouveaux systèmes développés par les industriels ne cessent de se complexifier, de faire intervenir toujours plus de technologies différentes et cela, pour maximiser la rentabilité, améliorer les fonctionnalités, voire proposer de nouveaux services. L’approche d’ingénierie système à base de modèles (ISBM) adresse particulièrement ces problématiques et est de plus en plus plébiscitée par les industriels. Pour autant, l’ISBM ne permet pas d’assurer la sûreté de fonctionnement (SdF) de nos systèmes modernes. C’est pourquoi ces travaux visent à assurer la cohésion de l’ISBM avec les études de SdF ainsi que sa valorisation pour ces études. Le langage de modélisation SysML est choisi pour réifier l’ensemble des résultats des activités d’ingénierie système sous la forme d’un modèle système. Ce modèle système est ensuite manipulé par les processus de la méthodologie MéDISIS, définie dans la thèse, afin de faciliter les études de SdF. La thèse aborde notamment la génération d’AMDEC fonctionnelle et l’application de la méthodologie FIDES pour l’évaluation de fiabilité, avec l’aide de bases de données pérénisant les informations dysfonctionnelles. Les principes précédents sont aussi appliqués à un projet industriel conséquent : le projet LEA qui consiste à la réalisation d’un prototype de véhicule hypersonique. La thèse met l’accent sur l’étude de SdF des composants de type COTS qui sont courant au sein du projet LEA. / Nowadays, industrial systems are getting more and more complicated, integrating various technologies. Their designs involve many different engineering fields to maximize rentability and to offer the most up to date functionalities and services. The Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) approach address specifically these issues by allowing a more global way of designing a complex system from many points of view. However, MBSE does not ensure dependability. That is the reason why, in this thesis, our work aims to connect the MBSE approach with dependability analysis. The SysML modeling language is used to reify the results of system engineering activities, to obtain a model of the system. This model is then computed to extract data that will help dependability analysis. These automatic processes of extraction and redaction are part of the MéDISIS methodology which is defined in this thesis. Two aspect of the MéDISIS methodology are discussed: the generation of functional FMEA and the use of the FIDES methodology in association with SysML to evaluate the failure rate of COTS. This work and the whole MéDISIS methodology are applied in the industrial context of the LEA project. This project, financed by MBDA, consists in designing an hypersonic vehicle.

Submitted by Haroudo Xavier Filho (haroudo.xavierfo@ufpe.br) on 2016-03-11T15:42:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) jrmn_dissertacao_v.final_biblioteca.pdf: 4430943 bytes, checksum: 6417f221e28ed4c7dfe23d929b24fe60 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-11T15:42:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) jrmn_dissertacao_v.final_biblioteca.pdf: 4430943 bytes, checksum: 6417f221e28ed4c7dfe23d929b24fe60 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-03 / FACEPE / É notável a propagação de dispositivos móveis inteligentes em todo o mundo. Em 2016, espera-se que o número de smartphones supere os 2 bilhões. A entrada desses aparelhos no mercado têm mudado o estilo de vida das pessoas, oferecendo soluções com mais facilidade e praticidade, como por exemplo, a realização de transações bancárias. A variedade e facilidade de acesso aos serviços oferecidos pelos mesmos têm ajudado nesta mudança. Além disso, o número de aplicativos nos marketplaces para satisfazer as mais diferentes necessidades dos usuários tem aumentado bastante. Por estes motivos, as aplicações móveis têm ganhado cada vez mais destaque na indústria de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC). Contudo, apesar da evolução da computação móvel na última década, a tecnologia das baterias desses dispositivos não evoluíram na mesma velocidade. Sendo, portanto, o curto tempo de vida das baterias uma das maiores preocupações entre fabricantes de hardware e software para dispositivos móveis. É comum o uso de modelos analíticos para analisar o comportamento dos sistemas. Modelos formais como cadeias de Markov e redes de Petri são bastante utilizadas com esse propósito. Estes tipos de modelos tem fundamentação matemática sólida, e portanto, são eficientes para realização de análises quantitativas e verificação de propriedades dos sistemas representados. Entretanto, sua construção requer conhecimento especializado por parte dos projetistas de sistemas. Por outro lado, modelos semiformais, como System Modelling Language (SysML) e Unified Model Language (UML), possuem uma notação mais flexível e são bastante difundidos no mercado. Contudo, esses modelos semiformais, por não possuírem uma fundamentação formal rígida, não oferecem suporte para o desenvolvimento de técnicas para análises numéricas e verificações de propriedades. Dessa forma, torna-se interessante a combinação do uso de modelos formais e modelos semiformais. Nesse contexto, este trabalho propõe uma abordagem para avaliação de métricas de desempenho, consumo de energia e disponibilidade de aplicações móveis utilizando modelos estocásticos. Para facilitar a construção destes modelos, a abordagem proposta adota a criação de regras de mapeamento, para obtenção de Redes de Petri stocásticas e Determinísticas (DSPNs) a partir de diagramas da SysML. Desta forma, projetistas que possuem pouco conhecimento em modelagem estocástica podem realizar análises relacionadas ao desempenho e consumo de energia de aplicações móveis de forma rápida e menos custosa que o desenvolvimento de protótipos, ainda na fase de planejamento do projeto. Por fim, são apresentados estudos de casos que demonstram a aplicabilidade da abordagem. / It is remarkable smart mobile devices spread around the world. In 2016, it is expected that the number of smartphones exceeds 2 billion. These devices entrace on the market have changed the people lifestyle, offering solutions with more ease and practicality, for example, conducting banking transactions. The variety and easy access to services offered by them have helped this change. Also, the number of applications in the marketplaces to meet the many different users needs has greatly increased. For these reasons, mobile applications have gained more prominence in the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) industry. However, despite the mobile computing progress in the last decade, the battery technology of these devices have not evolved at the same speed. It is, therefore, the short lifetime of batteries a major concern between hardware and software manufacturers to mobile devices. Analytical models are usually used to analyze the systems behavior. Formal models as Markov chains and Petri nets are widely used for this purpose. These types of models have a solid mathematical basis, and therefore, are effective in carrying out quantitative analyzes and verification systems properties. Nevertheless, their construction requires specialized knowledge by the system designers. Moreover, semiformal models, such as System Modelling Language (SysML) and Unified Model Language (UML) have a more flexible notation and are fairly widespread in the market. Meanwhile, these semi-formal models, for not having a rigid formal basis, do not support techniques for numerical analysis and property checks. Therefore, it becomes interesting to use the combination of formal and semi-formal models. In this context, this work proposes an approach to evaluation performance, power consumption and availability metrics of mobile applications using stochastic models. In order to facilitate construction of such models, the proposed approach adopts the creation of mapping rules for obtaining Stochastic Petri Nets and deterministic (DSPNs) from SysML diagrams. In this way, designers who have little knowledge in stochastic modeling can perform analyzes related to the performance and power consumption in mobile applications quickly and less costly to develop prototypes, still in the project planning phase. Finally, case studies are presented to demonstrate the approach applicability.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-08-08T12:10:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) v_final_assinaturas_branco.pdf: 10378086 bytes, checksum: 35e52eff52531ee36b6a5af5b2a20645 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-08T12:10:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) v_final_assinaturas_branco.pdf: 10378086 bytes, checksum: 35e52eff52531ee36b6a5af5b2a20645 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-03 / The increasing complexity of systems has led to increasing difficulty in design. Thestandard approach to development, based on trial and error, with testing used at later stages toidentify errors, is costly and leads to unpredictable delivery times. In addition, for critical systems,for which safety is a major concern, early verification and validation (V&V) is recognised asa valuable approach to promote dependability. In this context, we identify three important anddesirable features of a V&V technique: (i) a graphical modelling language; (ii) formal andrigorous reasoning, and (iii) automated support for modelling and reasoning. We address these points with a refinement technique for SysML supported by tools. SysML is a UML-based language for systems design; it has itself become a de facto standard in the area. There is wide availability of tool support from vendors like IBM, Atego, and Sparx Systems. Our work is distinctive in two ways: a semantics for refinement and for a representative collection of elements from the UML4SysML profile (blocks, state machines, activities, and interactions) used in combination. We provide a means to analyse design models specified using SysML. This facilitates the discovery of problems earlier in the system development lifecycle, reducing time and costs of production. In this work we describe our semantics, which is defined using a state-rich process algebra called CML and implemented in a tool for automatic generation of formal models. We also show how the semantics can be used for refinement-based analysis and development. Our case studies are a leadership-election protocol, a critical component of an industrial application, and a dwarf signal, a device used to control rail traffic. Our contributions are: a set of guidelines that provide meaning to the different modelling elements of SysML used during the design of systems; the individual formal semantics for SysML activities, blocks and interactions; an integrated semantics that combines these semantics with another defined for state machines; and a framework for reasoning using refinement about systems specified by collections of SysML diagrams. / O aumento da complexidade dos sistemas tem levado a um aumento na dificuldade da atividade de projeto. A abordagem padrão para desenvolvimento, baseada em tentativa e erro, com testes usados em estágios avançados para identificar erros, é custosa e leva a prazos de entrega imprevisíveis. Além disto, para sistemas críticos, para os quais segurança é um conceito chave, Verificação e Validação (V&V) com antecedência é reconhecida como uma abordagem valiosa para promover confiança. Neste contexto, nós identificamos três características importantes e desejáveis de uma técnica de V&V: (i) uma linguagem de modelagem gráfica; (ii) raciocínio formal e rigoroso, e (iii) suporte automático para modelagem e raciocínio. Nós tratamos estes pontos com uma técnica de refinamento para SysML apoiada por ferramentas. SysML é uma linguagem baseada na UML para o projeto de sistemas. Ela tem se tornado um padrão de facto na área. Há uma grande disponibilidade de ferramentas de fornecedores como IBM, Atego, e Sparx Systems. Nosso trabalho se destaca de duas maneiras: ao fornecer uma semântica para refinamento e considerar uma coleção representativa de elementos do perfil UML4SysML (blocos, máquina de estados, atividades, e interações) usados de forma combinada. Nós fornecemos uma estratégia para analisar modelos de projeto especificados em SysML. Isto facilita a descoberta de problemas mais cedo durante o ciclo de vida de desenvolvimento de sistemas, reduzindo tempo e custos de produção. Neste trabalho nós descrevemos nossa semântica a qual é definida usando uma álgebra de processo rica em estado chamada CML e implementada em uma ferramenta para geração automática de modelos formais. Nós também mostramos como esta semântica pode ser usada para análise baseada em refinamento. Nossos estudos de caso são um protocolo de eleição de líder, o qual é um componente crítico de uma aplicação industrial, e um sinal anão, o qual é um dispositivo para controlar tráfego em linhas férreas. Nossas contribuições são: um conjunto de orientações que fornecem significado para os diferentes elementos de modelagem de SysML usados durante o projeto de sistemas; as semânticas formais individuais para atividades, blocos e interações de SysML; uma semântica integrada que combina estas semânticas com outra definida para máquina de estados; e um arcabouço que usa refinamento para raciocínio de sistemas especificados por coleções de diagramas SysML.

L’innovation industrielle tend vers des produits de plus en plus complexes de type mécatronique qui combine des domaines pluridisciplinaires. Les processus de conception de ces produits fait appel aux compétences d’acteurs issus des différents métiers et la création des différentes facettes des constituants nécessite l’utilisation d’outils spécialisés; pour autant il n’existe pas de véritable intégration globale au sein du système d'information permettant une gestion intégrée des différents savoir-faire et domaines de compétence malgré la capacité de certains systèmes comme le PLM. Ce travail présente une méthode de résolution générique. L'objet du présent document est de définir une approche globale pour l'intégration des données des systèmes mécatroniques dans un système PLM en utilisant une modélisation spécifique basé sur la caractérisation du cycle de vie et l'utilisation de SysML. Les premiers essais d’implémentation au sein du PLM Windchill, nous ont permis de valider qu’il était possible d’intégrer, avec une structure sémantique, des liens entre des objets métiers pluridisciplinaires. / Industrial innovation aims towards more complex Mecatronics products which combine multidisciplinary domains. The design process of these products leans on several multi-business. The creation of components' facets requires the use of specialized tools. However there is no real global integration within the information system allowing an integrated management of various know-how and fields of expertise, in spite of capabilities certain systems as PLM. This work presents a generic resolution method. The object of this paper is to present a global approach for the integration of Mecatronics systems into a PLM system using a specific modeling. The first implementation tests within Windchill PLM system shows that it was possible to integrate with a semantic structure, links between multidisciplinary business objects.

Le cadre prescrit de l'ingénierie système, avant tout centré sur les systèmes techniques, doit évoluer pour permettre de prendre en compte dès la phase de spécification système les interactions critiques des systèmes homme-machine tels que le système de maintenance aéronautique. L'objectif est d'assurer que le comportement de ce type de système, dépendant des synergies entre les différentes interactions qui prennent place entre les constituants techniques et humains, soit maintenu dans un domaine de performances acceptables. La démarche d'intégration des facteurs humains en Ingénierie Système consiste alors à s'intéresser à la performance globale des diverses interfaces des systèmes homme-machine. Ces interfaces sont le siège d'interactions émergeantes complexes, dont certaines sont recherchées pour faciliter la performance globale visée et la résilience face à un environnement perturbateur non anticipé, et d'autres construites pour finaliser le système en regard de sa mission. Le paradigme exploré par nos travaux se fonde sur la possibilité de faire inter-opérer des modèles de processus physiologiques avec des modèles de processus techniques en spécification d'interaction homme-machine, en combinant un cadre de Modélisation Système avec celui Mathématique et Computationnel de la Physiologie Intégrative. Notre travail se focalise sur la spécification d'exigences physico-physiologiques d'une interaction de perception visuelle, modélisées avec SysML, pour que l'opérateur humain perçoive bien les propriétés symboliques "affordées" par les objets techniques qu'il doit maintenir dans des contextes opérationnels variables. Les résultats de ces travaux de spécification nous amène à proposer une nouvelle organisation d'une ingénierie système support de maintenance basée sur les modèles / Current Systems Engineering framework must evolve in order to take into account the critical interactions of human-machine systems since the specification phase. The objective is to ensure that the behavior of such systems is kept within an accepted domain of performances whatever is the context of use. Those performances depend on the synergies of the different interactions that take place between technical and human systems when operating a common object. Human Factors Integration in Systems Engineering also known as Human Systems Integration implies to start working on the overall performance of all the interfaces of a human-machine system. These different interfaces exhibit emerging complex interactions. Some of them are inquired to ease the whole system performances and facilitate system resilience capabilities within disruptive unanticipated environment. Other ones are designed to finalize the system mission according to the purpose of its context of use. The paradigm we have explored in our work is based on the hypothesis of possible inter-operations between physiological and technical processes for human-machine interaction specification by coupling a System Modeling Framework with the Mathematical Theory of Integrative Physiology one. Our work focuses on the physical and physiological requirements specification (modeled with SysML) of a visual perceptive interaction for human to perceive right the meaning of symbolic properties technical objects afford when they are being maintained in variable contextualized situations. Our specification work results lead us to propose a Model-Based Support Systems Engineering organization

Dans la mesure où un système est un ensemble d'éléments en interaction, la difficulté pour un ingénieur système est de guider l’architecture d'un modèle « total » du système en tant qu'ensemble de modèles « locaux » d’ingénieries interdisciplinaires en interaction. Les travaux présentés dans ce mémoire s’intéressent plus précisément à la nature heuristique, spécifiante et exécutable de cette relation « totale » de couplage afin de construire un modèle virtuel du système à faire. La perspective holonique retenue permet de considérer cette relation de couplage de façon descriptive du TOUT et prescriptive de chacune des PARTIES aussi bien en regard de la situation-système à percevoir que des constitutifs-système à architecturer. Ainsi, nous avons revisité cette relation en tant que processus itératif, récursif et collaboratif de co-spécification-système visant à supporter la requête de connaissances auprès de chacune des ingénieries spécialistes délivrant en retour les modèles constitutifs satisfaisant des exigences systèmes. Notre environnement de co-modélisation-système se compose alors d’un ensemble d’environnements élémentaires de modélisation de constituants-système, avec pour objectif de préserver les outils, méthodes et processus de travail de chacune des parties prenantes. La modélisation au niveau système s’appuie sur le langage de modélisation « SysML » pour architecturer l’ensemble des connaissances. La vérification et la validation système s’effectue par co-exécution de modèles autour d’un bus de co-simulation, y compris in-situ avec la plate-forme d’expérimentation CISPI du projet SAFETECH du CRAN constituant notre cas d’application / Insofar as a system is a set of interacting elements, the difficulty for a system engineer is to guide the whole model architecture of a system as a set of interdisciplinary engineering part models interacting. The works presented in this thesis are specifically interested in the heuristic, specifying and executable nature of this whole relationship coupling to design a virtual model of the system-of-interest. The holonic perspectives allows us to consider this coupling relationship as descriptive of a WHOLE (H) and prescriptive of each parts as well in regards to system situation to perceive, as system-elements to architect. In this sense, we revisit this relation as an iterative, recursive and collaborative process of system co-specification to the quest of knowledge with each specialist engineering delivering constitutive models satisfying basic requirements. Our system co-modelling environment is itself composed of a set of system-components modelling environment, with the stated objective to preserve tools, methods and works of each stakeholders in order to facilitate the expression of their skills. The modelling at a system level is based on the system modelling language (SysML) to architecture the set of knowledge. Verification and validation are performed by co-execution of models around a co-simulation bus, including CISPI platform of SAFETECH project of CRAN constituting our case study