Families of connected spaces Adam Bartoš Abstract We deal with two completely different kinds of connected spaces - maximal connected spaces and metrizable continua. A topologi- cal space is maximal connected if it is connected, but every strictly finer topology on the same base set is disconnected. Here, the name "Families of connected spaces" refers to the collection of all connected topologies on a given set, which is ordered by inclusion, and maximal connected topologies are its maximal elements. We study the con- struction of tree sums of topological spaces, and how this construc- tion preserves maximal connectedness. We also characterize finitely generated maximal connected spaces as T1 2 -compatible tree sums of copies of the Sierpiński space. On the other hand, we are interested in a general question when for a given class of continua there exists a metrizable compactum whose set of components is equivalent to the given class. (Two classes are equivalent if they contain the same spaces up to homeomorphic copies.) We introduce compactifiable, Polishable, strongly compactifiable, and strongly Polishable classes of compacta, and we investigate their properties. This is related to the descriptive complexity of equivalent realizations of the given class in the hyper- space of all compacta. We prove that...

The thesis submitted by me deals with two interconnected problems. The first part of the text consists of an analysis of changes of the Czech nationalistic discourse, with an emphasis on periods of political crises in the years 1897 - 1899 and 1918 - 1920. I attempt, primarily, to picture the importance of racial analysis - a transcription of nationalistic discourses into biological terms on the background of the struggle for recognition of those public spheres which tried, at the end of the 19th century, to enter the political space defined as the Czech national society. Racial analysis became, within the discourse, one of the strategies of this struggle for recognition and means of expression of opposition against the liberal conception of equality and the state that represented such a liberal order (i.e. the Austro-Hungarian monarchy). Following the First World War, the function of racial analysis changed: this time, racial war discourses helped to preserve the integrity of the national state and the notion of a common national interest. In the second part, which is more analytical and extensive, I try to explain how the modern policy of the Jewish identity formed itself in the given political space. First, I outline the form and development of languages of political identity integrating liberal and...

The existence of Russian middle class is often perceived as a condition for Russia's democratization and the country's economic progress is often mentioned in connection with the growth of the middle class and henceforth increased popular demand for transparent functioning of public institutions. However economic growth does not necessarily lead to more extensive middle class, especially not when the income inequality rises as was the case of Russia in the particular period. This thesis proves that Russian middle class grew between the years 1998 and 2008, it identifies its specific features and explains its evolution from the perspective of occupation and income. The data from Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, which the thesis is based on, confirm that while the Russian middle class was growing in size, growth in inequality was also observed, especially between cities and countryside and between individual economic sectors.

The diploma thesis focuses on growing phenomenon of the "new generation" of the Czech arts and cultural philanthropists and their motivations. The first part exposes the theoretical concept of philanthropy and further describes the patronage of arts and culture in the historical and contemporary contexts of both the foreign and the Czech world. The thesis also provides a brief overview of theoretical concepts analysing altruistic behaviour and the overview of current outputs from international researches that examine who philanthropists are and what are their motivations for giving. The author further focuses on defining the Czech patrons and the obstacles they face in the Czech Republic. A key part of the report consists of the carried out qualitative research based on semi-structured interviews with eleven new representatives of Czech cultural and art patronage. The research objective was to explore attitudes to philanthropy in general, to arts and culture in particular and to reveal motivations of philanthropists leading to their support of arts organizations and entities. Based on a comparison of the research outputs to outputs of selected international studies, the author finds out that in the most cases Czech patrons have more or less the same motivations to support arts and culture (etc.) as...

The diploma thesis concerns the interior design for the special education of children with autism spectrum disorders and their demands on the interior which result from their diagnosis of ASD along with its other manifestations. The thesis describes all of the important criteria and requirements for creating interior design and selecting furniture for children with ASD. Input parameters are findings in the area of interior and creation, furniture, and the needs of children with ASD were also identified using questionnaires. The thesis draws on the subject of laws, regulations, and Czech technical standards which are to this date valid in the Czech Republic.

This diploma thesis focuses on the efficiency of the flipped classroom principle within the Chemical calculations that took place during the winter semester of the academic year 2020/2021 at the department of chemistry and chemistry didactics of the Pedagogical Faculty of Charles University. At the beginning of the thesis, the chemistry calculations are ordered into a system of chemistry education and described in the way they tend to be represented in selected textbooks for primary and secondary schools. The principle of the flipped classroom is defined and evaluated with the help of literature available. The research part of the thesis concerns itself with the students' attitudes to the flipped classroom technique applied during the Chemical calculations course. These were obtained through an IMI (Intrinsic Motivation Inventory) questionnaire as well as follow-up interviews with selected students. The thesis also explores the influence of levels of knowledge upon entering the course on their stance on the technique. At the same time the students' choice of study materials for self-education, their types and amount, is monitored. The results show that the principle of the flipped classroom is a suitable approach for the course of chemical calculations, it suits the vast majority of students. From...

Subject of this paper are possibilities of pedagogical impact on improvement of performance and social skills of apprentices at vocational school. The theoretical part describes a definition of social climate, specifies factors, which form social climate. Each subchapter focuses on the role of social climate and school class as an important group for school climate. It describes the role and tasks of class teacher and his/her significance for positive motivation of apprentices, creating positive social climate of the class and his/her possibilities of improving social skills and performance of apprentices. Another important factor for the climate are the apprentices. Next part draws conclusions about means, which a teacher may use to have an impact on apprentice performance, such as motivation, evaluations, forms and method of work with apprentices. This paper describes the relevance of key competences and functional literacy in education of vocational school apprentices. The practical part is focused on case studies of apprentices. It is carried out in a form of semi-structured interviews with selected apprentices and the results of their interviews are compared, after the beginning in the 1st year and at the end of the school year. The apprentices talk about their motivation for study,...

The subject of this thesis is the structure of society and its didactic elaboration. The first few chapters are focused on Czech curriculum documents and three chosen foreign curricula (England, New Zealand, Australia) and provides an analysis of how these documents deal with the subject of the structure of society. The results of these analyses are compared with each other afterwards. The next part of the thesis deals with EU Council recommendations for the development of key student competencies. These competencies are then compared to the approach to student competencies in the Czech curriculum. One chapter is focused on textbooks for upper secondary schools and their approach to the structure of society. This is followed up with a chapter about Czech sociological research going into this subject, the results of these studies are presented here. The last part of this thesis contains teaching suggestions for the education of the structure of society at upper secondary schools. The principles of pedagogical constructivism are explained first, followed up by two activities based on the results of the analyses of curriculum documents and the results of sociological research presented earlier. As emerged from the analyses, foreign curricula, more than ours, focus on the current state of society and...

Completion of the ring - the completion of the city ring road in the quest reserves the historical city center

Completion and reconstruction the urban area near by historical city centre. The two main buildings are on the corner of a busy crossroad. The first building is a police station and other as an office.