Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Roman baths were discovered in Pollena Trocchia on the northern side of Vesuvius. They can be labelled as private for their size and location and they probably belonged to a rich villa. This and the fact that they were built shortly after the A.D. 79 eruption makes them a rather rare specimen for study of development of Roman baths in the area. The baths are exceptionally well preserved and rare details of construction and functionality can be found, from the design phase, which can be seen in form of 1:1 plan carved on bricks forming the hypocaust floor, to the water and heating technologies. These details are followed in this thesis and the original form and modus operandi of the baths is reconstructed. The baths are also compared to selected published specimens from Campania and the rest of the Roman world. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

In the given coating chamber is a system of rotating holders, which holds rotating tools. The chamber also contains electrodes (of various materials), from which the material evaporates and is coating the tools. The goal of this thesis is to simulate the process of coating and visualize the resulting layer in given places of coated tools depending on their placement, number, rotation speed and other optional settings.

Informational technology outsourcing has been increasing in popularity over the last decades. It became a trend to transfer IT related processes and activities to an external provider, often located not only in a different country, but on a different continent. Outsourcing IT porcesses to an external provider is an appealing prospect, since the firm can transfer the resources from IT to more important processes. Moreover, since provider can be chosen from virtually anywhere in the world, there is a valid chance of significant IT costs reduction. All those benefits, however, are far from guaranteed. This thesis briefly describes the theory of IT ousourcing, presents current trends in outsourcing of information technologies, lists the common dangers by the decision making process concerning IT outsourcing, presents particular examples of large IT outsourcing contracts and finally introduces analysis of various aspects of IT outsourcing decisions and their results followed by econometric analysis, which examines possible patterns between the particular decisions and their results.

This Master thesis provides insight into the logistics of a particular company. The work is divided into two sections. The first one brings a theoretical base for the next sections and describes essential terms including the logistic chain, material flow management and logistics technology. The second section is analytical and was elaborated in a company Bosch Diesel s.r.o. in Jihlava. It contains an introduction to a Transportation concept and my own external analysis of material flows in the Czech Republic (within the scope of Bosch), based on which I suggest new solutions for the company. The costs of the particular suggestions are analysed and compared in the last part of this thesis.

Untersuchungen der Transkriptionsebene individueller präimplantatorischer Embryonalstadien können wertvolle Informationen über den physiologischen Status der betrachteten Embryonen, die z.B. zur Verbesserung der Systeme zur In vitro-Produktion von Embryonen genutzt werden können, liefern. Bisher fehlte es jedoch an einer geeigneten Technologie, um eine große Anzahl von Transkripten in einzelnen Embryonen zu erfassen. Zielsetzung der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, ein Verfahren zur globalen Amplifikation embryonaler mRNA-Präparationen zu entwickeln, das die Analyse der Transkriptionsebene einzelner präimplantatorischer Embryonalstadien über die cDNA-Array-Technologie ermöglicht. Dazu wurde die Strategie gewählt, zwei bereits etablierte Amplifikationsverfahren, Polymerasekettenreaktion und In vitro-Transkription, zu kombinieren, um so synergistische Effekte beider Verfahren zu nutzen. Die Evaluierung des entwickelten Verfahrens zeigte eine hohe Reproduzierbarkeit der erhaltenen Genexpressionsdaten und belegte, dass die relativen Mengenverhältnisse einzelner mRNA-Spezies zueinander während der globalen mRNA-Amplifikation nur unwesentlich verändert wurden. Die entwickelte Methodik ist somit geeignet, komplexe Genexpressionsprofile einzelner Blastozysten zu erstellen und Unterschiede in der Expressionsstärke einzelner Transkripte zu detektieren. Es konnte weiterhin gezeigt werden, dass es möglich ist, über heterologe Hybridisierung Genexpressionsprofile boviner Blastozysten mit cDNA-Arrays, die murine Probensequenzen enthalten, reproduzierbar darzustellen. Neben der Detektion individueller Unterschiede in den Genexpressionsprofilen diverser muriner Embryonalstadien und boviner Blastozysten lag ein Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit in der Untersuchung der Auswirkungen verschiedener in vitro-Produktionssysteme auf die embryonale Genexpression. Die erhaltenen cDNA-Array Expressionsdaten muriner Oozyten, Zweizeller und Blastozysten befanden sich dabei in Übereinstimmung mit Daten früherer Publikationen anderer Arbeitsgruppen. Genexpressionsprofile in vitro fertilisierter boviner Blastozysten ließen eine Beurteilung der Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Proteinsupplemente des Kulturmediums auf die embryonale Genexpression zu. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden zum ersten Mal Genexpressionsprofile einzelner präimplantatorischer Säugerembryonen über cDNA-Array-Analyse erstellt. Die entwickelte Technologie ermöglicht es -bei Verwendung entsprechender cDNA-Array-Systeme-, eine theoretisch unbegrenzte Zahl von Transkripten in individuellen Säugerembryonen semiquantitativ zu erfassen. Dies ist ein wichtiger Schritt hin zu einem besseren Verständnis komplexer Regulationsabläufe während der frühen Embryonalentwicklung und einer besseren Beurteilung der Lebensfähigkeit und Entwicklungskompetenz in vitro produzierter Embryonen, was für die Verbesserung von In vitro-Produktionssystemen für Embryonen sowohl bei Tieren als auch beim Menschen unerlässlich ist. / Transcript expression profiling in single mammalian embryos can provide valuable information about their physiological status and developmental competence that can be exploited to improve systems for embryo in vitro production. Conventional methodologies such as RT-PCR limit the number of transcripts that can be quantitatively screened in a single embryo to only a few. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a methodology for the global amplification of mRNA that permits cDNA-array analysis of individual preimplantation embryos. For this purpose, two conventional amplification procedures – polymerase chain reaction and in vitro transcription – were combined to a global amplification procedure. Evaluation of methodology developed revealed that data produced were high reproducible and that the relative transcript levels found in the original (non-amplified) sample were maintained throughout the amplification process. Thus, this method is suitable to generate complex gene expression profiles and to detect differentially expressed transcripts in individual mammalian embryos. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that expression profiles can reproducibly be produced from bovine embryos using arrays consisting of murine cDNA-probes by heterologous hybridization. The focus of this study was to establish a methodology to detect differentially expressed genes in different murine developmental stages and in bovine embryos derived from different in vitro production systems. The data obtained from murine oocyte, 2-cell stage and blastocyst expression profiles were in agreement with data previously published by other groups. Expression profiles from bovine in vitro fertilized embryos cultured in different media revealed effects of different media protein supplementation on embryonic gene expression. In this study, for the first time, gene expression profiles were generated from single mammalian preimplantation embryos via model cDNA-arrays. Using state-of-the-art cDNA-arrays this technology features the quantitative screening of a virtually unlimited number of transcripts in individual blastocysts and cleavage stages. Complex expression profiles of preimplantation embryos will contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms essential for embryogenesis. This is crucial for the improvement of systems for in vitro production of mammalian embryos.

Une interface de capteur intégré haute température est proposée. L'interface de capteur a une architecture dans le domaine temporel et entièrement différentielle. Cette approche offre l'avantage d'une meilleure stabilité thermique par rapport aux architectures analogiques classiques. L'interface du capteur est basée sur des oscillateurs à verrouillage d'injection (ILO) utilisés comme déphaseurs. Une paire d’ILOs convertit la tension de sortie du capteur en une différence de déphasage qui est ensuite numérisée à l'aide d'un convertisseur temps-numérique. La sortie de l'interface du capteur dépend uniquement du rapport des valeurs de ses paramètres plutôt que de leurs valeurs absolues, ce qui entraîne une faible dépendance à température. L'interface du capteur est fabriquée à l'aide d'une technologie de silicium sur isolant partiellement déplété (PD-SOI) de 0.18μm de XFAB, qui est choisie pour sa robustesse thermique. Les mesures montrent que l’interface de capteur a une variation thermique de 178ppm / ° C sur ± 60mV de pleine échelle d'entrée et une variation thermique de 65ppm / ° C sur ± 40mV de pleine échelle d'entrée sur une large plage de température de fonctionnement étendue de -20 ° C à 220 ° C. / A high temperature integrated sensor interface is proposed. The sensor interface has a fully differential time domain architecture. This approach offers the advantage of better thermal stability compared to typical analog based architectures. The sensor interface is based on Injections Locked Oscillators (ILO) used as phase shifters. A pair of ILOs converts the sensor output voltage into a phase shift difference which is then digitized using a time to digital converter. The sensor interface output depends only on the ratio of its parameters values rather than their absolute values thus leading to a low temperature dependency. The sensor interface is fabricated using a 0.18µm Partially-Depleted Silicon on Insulator technology (PD-SOI) from XFAB which is chosen for its thermal robustness. Measurements show that the sensor interface achieves a thermal variation of 178ppm/°C over ±60mV input full scale and a thermal variation of 65ppm/°C over ±40mV input full scale over a wide operation temperature range extended from -20°C to 220°C.

The thesis deals with the use and utilization of drones, especially in agricultural conditions, where the drones are used more and more frequently in recent years, especially in combination with precision farming, thanks to the great number of advantages that this technology currently brings, not only to agricultural sector. In the thesis there are types of drones that are used for precision agriculture. In addition, there are described the functions of drones used and their distribution according to their deployment on the farm. Finally, questions will be answered about the amount of investment in this technology and the assessment of the effectiveness of the systems.

O objetivo central deste trabalho é analisar a obra do empresário e historiador Roberto Simonsen. No conjunto de discursos, palestras e conferências proferidas por Simonsen, dois temas aparecem de forma constante nas diversas fases de sua atuação. A nossa hipótese é que, por trás das propostas de industrialização defendidas por Simonsen, se achava uma determinada concepção de Ciência e tecnologia que iria servir de alicerce a uma maneira de pensar e agir, norteadora de sua prática empresarial e intelectual. Como, no decorrer de sua prática, forjou esta noção de Ciência e tecnologia e como esta concepção foi determinante em seu projeto político e industrialista, são as preocupações primeiras do desenvolvimento neste trabalho. A industrialização está diretamente ligada à construção da nação. O que pensamos ser possível contemplar, dos escritos e discursos de Simonsen, é que a criação da nação significava instrumentalizar o país com mecanismos econômicos racionais, elaborados com base em uma certa imagem mitificada da Ciência, como também na utilização de um amplo artefato técnico. Procuramos analisar como as concepções de Ciência e de tecnologia de Simonsen sustentavam a construção da nação em seu projeto político-industrialista. Para isto, examinamos o conjunto de seus escritos, artigos e conferências, visando articulá-lo a sua trajetória intelectual. Agindo assim, foi possível apreender como, no embate político de sua prática, Simonsen foi construindo sua idéia de Ciência e de tecnologia, o que lhe permitiu formular diversos temas básicos do seu projeto industrialista. / L’objectif central de ce travail est d’analyser l’oeuvre de l’entrepreneur et historien Roberto Simonsen. Dans l’ensemble de ses discours, exposés et conférences, deux thèmes apparaissent de manière constante dans les diverses phases de ses actes. Notre hypothèse est que, derrière les propositions d’industrialisation défendues par celui-ci, on sentait une conception déterminée de la science et de la technologie qui allait servir de base à une manière de penser et d’agir, et allait orienter sa pratique des affaires ainsi que son côté intellectuel. Comment, au cours de sa pratique, a-t-il forgé cette notion de science et de technologie et comment cette conception a-t-elle été déterminante dans son projet politique et industriel, voici les premières préoccupations du développement de ce travail. L’industrialisation est directement liée à la construction de la nation. A notre avis, ce qu’il est possible de voir dans ses écrits et ses discours, c’est que la création d’une nation signifiait instrumentaliser le pays par des mécanismes économiques rationnels, élaborés sur la base d’une certaine image mytique de la science, ainsi que par l’utilisation de beaucoup de machines. Nous avons essayé d’analyser comment les concepts de la science et de la technologie de Simonsen soutenaient la construction de la nation dans son projet politico-industriel. Pour ceci, nous avons examiné l’ensemble de ses écrits, articles et conférences, avec comme objectif de les articuler à sa trajectoire intellectuelle. Ce faisant, il a été possible d’apprendre comment, dans le choc politique de sa pratique, Simonsen a construit son idée de la science et de la technologie, ce qui lui a permis de formuler divers thèmes de base de son projet industriel.