Bakgrund och problemformulering: Skiftet till digitala banktjänster innebär ett annat arbetssätt att bibehålla förtroendet hos sina kunder då servicen blir mindre personlig. Förtroende och service är en viktig del hos kunderna samtidigt som det ställs nya krav gällande bekvämlighet och automatiserade självtjänster. Mot denna bakgrund är möjliga problem som kan uppstå en bristande säkerhet samt riskerna kring integriteten.   Syftet: Studiens syfte är att undersöka om det finns ett samband mellan kundernas förtroende och bankernas digitala banktjänster. Utöver detta vill forskarna få en förståelse för bankkunders förtroende för sin digitala bank.   Metod: Undersökningen bygger på kvantitativ metod i form av en enkätundersökning som sedan används för att genomföra en korrelationsanalys och regressionsanalys.  Teoretisk referensram: Technology Acceptance Model, Social Exchange Theory, Perceived Risk och Digitala Tillitsmodellen.  Empiri: Empirin har fyra olika fokusområden: kontrollfrågor, förtroende, digitala banktjänster samt risk och säkerhet. Dessa sammanställs och testas i en korrelationsanalys och regressionsanalys för att undersöka samband och testa hypoteser.   Slutsats: Resultatet visar att det föreligger ett positivt samband mellan digitala banktjänsters användbarhet och förtroende för digitala banktjänster samt att upplevd integritetsrisk har ett negativt samband med förtroendet. Trots att det kan finnas ett samband mellan digitala banktjänsternas användarvänlighet och förtroende finns inte tillräckligt med stöd för att bevisa detta. / Background and problem formulation: The shift to digital banking services means a different way of working to maintain the trust of its customers, this as the service has become less personal. Trust and service are valued highly for the customers, while new demands are being made regarding convenience and automated self-service. Against this background, possible problems that may arise are a lack of security and the risks surrounding integrity.  Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate whether there is a relationship between customers' trust and the banks' digital banking services. In addition to this, the researchers want to gain an understanding of bank customers' trust in their digital bank.  Method: The survey is based on a quantitative method in the form of a questionnaire which is then used to carry out a correlation and regression analysis.  Framework: Technology Acceptance Model, Social Exchange Theory, Perceived Risk and Digital Trust Model.  Empiricism: The empiricism has four different focus areas: control questions, trust, digital banking services and lastly risk as well as security. These are compiled and tested in a correlation and regression analysis to examine relationships by testing hypotheses.  Conclusions: The findings show that there is a positive relationship between the usability of digital banking services and trust in digital banking services, and that perceived integrity risk has a negative relationship with trust. Although there may be a link between the ease of use of digital banking services and trust, there is not enough support to prove this.

Introduktion En bra arbetsmiljö är av stor vikt för ett hälsosamt arbetsliv. Många människor drabbas av arbetsrelaterad ohälsa som kunde varit möjlig att förebygga om den uppmärksammats i tid. Att utifrån både nationella och internationella styrdokument arbeta för en hållbart arbetsliv med en hälsofrämjande arbetsmiljö är av hög folkhälsovetenskaplig relevans. Syfte I populationen anställda på statligt finansierade arbetsplatser undersöka attityder till användandet av ett digitalt verktyg för regelbunden avstämning av arbetsrelaterad ohälsa samt utformning av sådant verktyg. Undersöka om attityderna skiljer åt mellan åldersgrupper samt mellan arbetstagare som upplever hög eller låg arbetsrelaterad utmattning. Metod En enkätstudie som inkluderade 33 respondenter genomfördes i april 2022 där frågorna var av både kvalitativ och kvantitativ karaktär. Fishers exakta test användes för numerisk data och kvalitativ innehållsanalys för fritextsvar. Resultat Majoriteten hade positiv attityd till användandet av ett digitalt verktyg för regelbunden avstämning av arbetsrelaterad ohälsa. Ingen skillnad i attityd kunde identifieras mellan åldersgrupper eller grupper med olika nivå på arbetsrelaterad utmattning. Det framkom att det behövs rimliga krav på de anställda i arbetslivet och att ett digitalt verktyg skulle kunna bidra till att fånga tidiga tecken på ohälsa och vara ett hjälpmedel för det hälsofrämjande arbetet. Fysiska möten ansågs dock fortfarande viktiga. Slutsats Studien visar att statsfinansierade anställda generellt har en positiv attityd till ett digitalt verktyg som regelbundet stämmer av arbetsrelaterad ohälsa. Studien beskriver också tankar kring för- och nackdelar gällande utformning av ett sådant digitalt verktyg. Ett av önskemålen var tätare uppföljningar av hälsa och arbetsmiljö med ett digitalt verktyg. / Introduction A healthy work environment is important for a sustainable working life. Many people suffer from ill health connected to working life that could have been prevented if it had been noticed in time. Based on both national and international governing documents, working for a sustainable working life with a health-promoting workenvironment, is very relevant from a public health perspective. Aim In the population employed at government-funded workplaces, investigate attitudes to the use of a digital tool for regular reconciliation of work-related ill health and the design of such a tool. Investigate whether attitudes differ between age groups and between workers who experience high or low work-related exhaustion. Methods A survey study including 33 respondents was conducted in april 2022 where the questions were of both a qualitative and quantitative nature. Fischer’s Exact test was used for numerical data and qualitative content analysis for free-text answers. Results The majority had a positive attitude towards the use of a digital tool for regular reconciliation of work-related ill health. No difference in attitude could be identified between age groups or groups with different levels of work-related exhaustion. It emerged that reasonable demands are needed on employees in working life and that a digital toolcould help to capture early signs of ill health and be a tool for health promotion work. Physical meetings, however, were still considered important. Conclusion This study shows that government-funded employees generally have apositive attitude towards a digital tool that regularly checks work-related ill health. This study also describes pros and cons regarding the design of such a digital tool. One of the  wishes was closer follow-ups of health and working environment with a digital tool.

Abstract In recent years, the interest and development of artificial intelligence has been extensive, and society is in the middle of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Given the changes that have occurred, an interest to examine how this has affected the role of the controller arises, considering it is tasks as theirs that AI is now competing with. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand how AI is integrated into the role of the controller and how the surrounding environment influences AI-usage in this context. Hereby, the dynamic relationship between AI, practitioners, and the surrounding environment is considered by examining how technological advancements and human attitudes influence the use of AI.  The study was conducted with a qualitative approach, where eleven respondents were interviewed in semi-structured interviews. The two selection groups consisted of actors within ERP systems and controllers. The collected data was analyzed through coding, identifying the following main themes: development, business and economic consequences, tasks, competence and attitude. The analysis of the empirical data was based on an integration of existing research along with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the theory of professions. The impact of AI was not equally prominent for everyone; however, where it had influence, AI was used as an assistant, working together with the controller to fulfill tasks. Furthermore, an indication of a shift in competence requirements was observed, where technical competence gained increased significance. Additionally, users' knowledge and perception of AI-tools influenced their attitude, with a lack of understanding leading to fear, while deeper understanding and positive experiences promoted acceptance. Consequently, attitude indicated significance for actual AI-usage. However, barriers such as unclear regulations, ethical and social considerations, and technical limitations were identified, requiring reflection for successful integration of AI within the accounting industry. In summary, AI works as a complement to the controller, depending on user attitude and the influence of external factors, which may have a limiting effect. / Sammanfattning Under de senaste åren har intresset och utvecklingen av artificiell intelligens (AI) varit explosivartad och samhället befinner sig mitt i den fjärde industriella revolutionen. Med grund i den förändring som skett är det av intresse att studera hur detta fått effekt på rollen som controller, då det är uppgifter som deras som AI konkurrerar med. Syftet med studien är därför att förstå hur AI integreras med rollen som controller samt hur den omgivande miljön har inflytande på AI-användningen i denna kontext. Härigenom beaktas den dynamiska relationen mellan AI, yrkesutövare och den omgivande miljön genom att undersöka hur tekniska framsteg och mänskliga förhållningssätt har inflytande på AI- användningen.  Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ ansats där elva respondenter intervjuades i semistrukturerade intervjuer. De två urvalsgrupperna bestod av aktörer inom affärssystem och controllers. Insamlade data analyserades genom kodning där följande huvudteman identifierades: utveckling, affärsmässiga och ekonomiska konsekvenser, arbetsuppgifter, kompetens och inställning. Analysen av empirin baserades på en integrering av existerande forskning tillsammans med de teoretiska modellerna Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) och professionsteori. Av analysen framkom att effekten av AI inte är lika framträdande för alla respondenter, där den däremot fått inflytande nyttjas AI som en assistent vilken tillsammans med controllern kan fullfölja arbetsuppgifterna. Vidare kunde även en indikation på skiftning i kompetenskravet observeras där den tekniska kompetensen fått ökad vikt. Även användarnas kunskap och uppfattning om AI-verktyg har inflytande över inställningen, där bristande förståelse kan leda till rädsla, medan en djupare förståelse och positiv upplevelse kan främja acceptans. Inställningen indikerar därefter få betydelse för den faktiska AI-användningen. Däremot identifieras hinder som otydlig reglering, etiska och samhälleliga hänsynstaganden samt tekniska begränsningar, vilka kräver beaktning för en lyckad integration av AI inom redovisningsbranschen. Sammanfattningsvis fungerar AI som ett komplement åt controllern, dock beroende av användarens inställning samt influensen av externa faktorer vilka kan ha en begränsande effekt.

Internal marketing and internal communication are essential tools to align em-ployees’ mindsets with the necessary tasks which bring about employee satis-faction and organisational prosperity. Electronic newsletters serve as an internal marketing communication medium which can convey the necessary information to employees regarding the organisation’s goals and objectives. They also act as a medium to build relationships with employees and encourage improved service delivery and customer-oriented employee mindsets. Employees’ willingness to make use of electronic newsletters for the purpose of disseminating organisational information is an indication of employees’ acceptance of the organisational information and use thereof in performing organisational tasks successfully as the organisation intends. The purpose of the current study was to determine employees’ acceptance of electronic newsletters, as an internal marketing communication medium, in order to disseminate organisational information which contributes to the attainment of organisational goals, objectives and success. An empirical study was conducted to determine employees’ acceptance of elec-tronic newsletters by means of an adapted technology acceptance model, self-administered, e-mail survey disseminated to employees of a higher education institution. The study followed a quantitative research approach, utilising re-gression in the analysis of the data. Based on the research results, employees do accept the electronic newsletter for the dissemination of organisational information, albeit with suggestions on how it can be better utilised in future. / Business Management / M. Com (Business Management)

Problem: Due to the promises of retailer benefits, self-service technologies (SSTs) are becoming a common sight in the Swedish grocery retail setting. The mere installation of SSTs is yet not enough to make the consumer adopt them.  Purpose: By asking, “how is the consumer’s attitude towards technology affecting his/her acceptance of the grocery retail self-scanning system”, the purpose of this thesis is to explore the effect of the technology readiness theory on the technology acceptance model. Thus, practically investigate how and why some consumers accept, whereas other consumers reject SSTs.  Theory: The direct mediating effect of four consumer-specific technology adoption predictors: optimism, innovativeness, insecurity and discomfort, are investigated in relation to two system-specific technology adoption predictors: perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Throughout the theoretical framework, and in combination with SST literature, eight hypotheses are constructed.  Method: A positivist research approach with a deductive reasoning is adopted. To answer the hypotheses, a quantitative method implemented through a survey strategy is chosen. Statistical testing of the 192 collected answers follows the quantitative data gathering.  Conclusion: The results show that multiple consumer-specific characteristics have a direct mediating effect on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Thus, the consumer’s attitude towards technology plays a significant role in the consumer’s propensity to accept SSTs, such as the grocery retail self- scanning system. This implies that retailers aiming at developing efficient and competitive self-service strategies should pro-actively consider the “techno-ready” consumer attributes. In particular: optimism and discomfort.

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology allows for the scanning of RFID-tagged objects and individuals without line-of-sight requirements. Healthcare organizations use RFID to ensure the health and safety of patients and medical personnel and to uncover inefficiencies in operations. The successful implementation of a system incorporating RFID technologies requires acceptance and use of the technology. Nurses are a group of employees who must use RFID in hospitals throughout the United States. However, due to their being tracked by RFID technology, some of these nurses feel like "big brother" is watching them. This predictive study used a theoretical model that assessed the effect of five independent variables, namely, privacy concerns, attitudes, subjective norms, controllability, and self-efficacy, on a dependent variable, nurses' behavioral intention to use RFID. A total of 106 U.S. registered nurses answered a Web-based questionnaire containing previously validated and adapted questions that were answered through a five-point Likert scale. Two statistical methods, linear regression and multiple linear regression, were used to investigate the survey results. The results of the linear regression analysis showed that privacy concerns, attitudes, subjective norms, and self-efficacy were each a significant predictor of nurses' behavioral intention to use RFID. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that all the constructs together accounted for 60% of the variance in nurses' intention to use RFID. Of the five predictors in the model, attitudes provided the largest unique contribution when the other predictors in the model were held constant. Subject norms also provided a unique contribution. The other predictors in the model (privacy concerns, controllability, and self-efficacy) were not statistically significant and did not provide a significant unique contribution to nurses' behavioral intention to use RFID. The outcomes of this study constitute a significant original contribution to the body of knowledge in the area of information systems by enhancing understanding of the factors affecting RFID acceptance among nurses. The results of this research also provide hospitals and medical centers that require their nurses to use RFID technology with information that they can use to address barriers to their nurses' acceptance and use of RFID technology.

The streaming of audiobooks is a new and fast-growing phenomenon amongst Swedish consumers. There exists a lack of knowledge on this topic as it is previously unexplored within academia. As the audiobook streaming services are growing it is important for providers and competitors to understand the key factors determining usage intention from an end-user’s perspective. This thesis therefore examines what factors influence end-user’s adoption of audiobook streaming-services, the examination extends both for consumers intention to begin using as well as continue using the service. Factors related to the end-user’s usage intention were explored and identified in a Swedish context. A theoretical model consisting of eight hypotheses was constructed to examine the relationships between five variables. The model is based on previous literature of technology adoption and in particular the technology acceptance model (TAM). Additional theory was gathered on previous research on similar technologies such consumers adoption of E-books and E-readers. To achieve the research purpose of the thesis, a quantitative method was used and data was gathered through an online questionnaire with 935 (769 valid) responses. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used with RStudio to test the collected data on our theoretical model. The results showcased that our model was successful in explaining key factors influencing usage intention. The findings indicate that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use influence usage intention positively, while end-user’s attachment to paper books and reading impact usage intention negatively. Further results and the implications of these results are discussed.

<p>Farmers in the digital age require accurate, relevant farm-level data to make sound management decisions for their operations. Mobile applications, or apps, are emerging as a valuable management and decision-making tool for farm operators, but are still in their infancy as a technological innovation. Farmer adoption and use of mobile apps has received relatively little attention in the scholarly literature compared to more established farm management tools and communication media. The researcher examined Indiana farmers’ use and perceptions of mobile apps as tools for management and decision-making. A theoretical perspective was developed from the Diffusion of Innovation Theory and the Technology Acceptance Model to guide the investigation. Data on attitudes, behaviors, and demographic characteristics were collected through interviews with 55 Indiana farmers in late 2018 and early 2019. Quantitative interview items were analyzed through descriptive statistics while open-ended items were coded for emergent themes.</p> <p>Study participants reported a median age of 41 years and an average of 26 years farming. Nearly all study participants (98.2%) considered mobile applications useful to farm operations. A smaller but significant majority (76.4%) of participants rated mobile apps as easy to use. In terms of content, the most common use of apps among study participants was for general purpose utilities such as banking and messaging, followed by weather and agriculture-related apps such as Granular and FieldNet. Ease of use and content of application were among attributes considered most important by study participants when considering adoption of new apps. About three-fourths (76.4%) of the study participants indicated intentions to adopt additional mobile applications in the future. </p> <p>A series of items addressed study participants’ awareness of open source technology. About three-fourths (72%) indicated not previously having heard of the terminology. When asked to share their thoughts on the term open source, a large majority (84%) of participants provided vague or seemingly unrelated responses ranging from cloud-related, to the capability of apps to exchange information, to software being open to all users. </p> <p>As part of the analysis, the researcher categorized study participants into one of three adopter categories – early adopters, early majority, or late majority – based on the length of time participants reported using mobile apps, attitudes toward the technology, and intention to adopt apps in the future. Cross-tabulation analysis revealed that early adopters of mobile app technology did not differ significantly at the .05 level from later adopters in terms of age, years farming, or size of operation.</p> <p>Finally, an empirical test was conducted to assess utility of the Technology Acceptance Model for conceptualizing behavioral intent to adopt mobile agricultural applications. As expected from theory, correlational analysis revealed positive and moderately strong relationships (p < .05) between perceived usefulness and attitude toward mobile applications, and between perceived ease of use and attitude toward mobile applications. The relationship between attitude and behavioral intention to adopt additional mobile applications was statistically non-significant at the .05 level, contrary to theory. The importance of exploring alternative theoretical perspectives in future research is discussed.</p> <p>Results from this research contribute to the growing literature on how farmers assess and use mobile applications as farm management and decision-making tools. Findings have implications for application developers, as well as those involved in education and marketing of mobile agricultural applications. </p>

A presente pesquisa visa investigar o envolvimento do usuário final no desenvolvimento de um Sistema de Informação (SI) e sua influência na adoção do SI. Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática, em que foram analisados 133 artigos e cujo resultado é a proposição de uma modificação do Modelo de Aceitação de Tecnologia (TAM) incluindo variáveis relativas ao envolvimento do usuário: situacional e intrínseco. Em seguida, foi realizado o teste do modelo proposto a partir de uma survey com 114 respondentes, cujos dados foram analisados através de Análise Fatorial Exploratória (EFA), Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (CFA) e Modelagem por Equações Estruturais (SEM). O teste permitiu inferir que as hipóteses suscitadas estavam corretas e que o envolvimento do usuário é significativo dentro do contexto de adoção de um SI. Por fim, realizou-se um projeto de experimentos fatorial (DOE) fracionado para verificar de que forma envolvimento situacional e intrínseco estão relacionados Evidenciou-se que a composição do efeito de fatores principais e de interações duplas das atividades do envolvimento situacional explica até 57% da variação do envolvimento intrínseco. As principais contribuições teóricas da dissertação versam sobre a consistência aportada pelos métodos utilizados. O subsídio teórico aportado pela revisão sistemática permitiu elaborar relações teóricas com segurança. A utilização conjunta de EFA e CFA é indicada para conferir robustez à pesquisa. Da mesma forma, a modelagem por equações estruturais apresentou utilidade no contexto da pesquisa, embora se indique cuidado ao realizar as modificações no modelo para que se adeque aos parâmetros de qualidade da análise. Por fim, a realização de um projeto de experimento fatorial fracionado é algo incomum na literatura de adoção de SI, mas foi útil para verificação da qualidade da interação entre os tipos de envolvimento, bem como a verificação de quais fatores devem ser evitados. / The present research aims to understand the end user involvement in the Information System (IS) development influence in IS adoption by proposing and testing a specific theoretical model. A systematic review was carried out in which 133 articles were analyzed and its result is a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) modification proposition. This model includes variables related to the user's involvement: situational involvement and intrinsic involvement. Afterwards, the test of the proposed model was carried out from a survey with 114 respondents, whose data were analyzed through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The test allowed inferring that the hypotheses raised were correct and that user involvement is significant within IS adoption context. Finally, a fractional factorial design of experiments (DOE) with seven factors was done to verify how two types of involvement are related. It was evidenced that the composition of the effect of situational involvement major factors and double interactions explains up to 57% of intrinsic involvement variation The main theoretical contributions of the dissertation are about the consistency provided by the methods used. The theoretical subsidy provided by the systematic review allowed development of theoretical relations with safety. The combined EFA and CFA use is strongly indicated to give robustness to the research. Likewise, SEM presented significant utility in research context, although it is indicated caution when making model modifications to fit analysis quality parameters. Finally, fractional factorial DOE with seven factors is uncommon in the literature, but it was extra useful to verify interaction quality between types of involvement.

In a context where technology is increasingly being incorporated into health care practice, many U.S. health care providers and organizations are finding it challenging to connect disparate electronic documentation systems to retrieve patient information when coordinating care across providers and heath care entities. Local and regional health information exchange (HIE) systems were created to facilitate collecting information into one integrated patient record to address information transfer between heath care providers. Yet, adoption and use of HIEs have been low. The purpose of this study was to review the predictive factors accounting for physicians' use of a HIE in the U.S. state of Hawaii. Key factors from the technology acceptance model were evaluated to determine the behavioral intention resulting in actual use of the Hawaii health information exchange (HHIE). Physician characteristics (medical specialty, age, and gender) and location characteristics were also assessed. The total population of the study contained 1034 Hawaii physicians who have signed up to use the HHIE. Linear and logistic regression models were structured to evaluate the predictive nature of (a) use to determine if a physician has ever logged into the HIE and (b) usage to evaluate the extent to which a physician is logging into the HIE. Findings from the study reveal a predictive relationship between the characteristic of medical specialty and HHIE use when comparing primary care and emergency department physicians to physician specialists. Using study results, health care leaders can improve physician outreach and review barriers when using the HIE systems to coordinate care. Policy implications include the possible formulation of future requirements surrounding HIE physician participation.