Självkänsla är något vi ständigt bär med oss och den inverkar på vårt agerande samt våra val i livet. Johnson (2003) delar in självkänslan i två delar den inre och yttre, vilka kan kombineras till fyra personligheter. Forskning har visat att självkänslan samvarierar med tendensen till att bruka self-handicapping. Self-handicapping innebär att människan skapar hinder för sig själv påhittade eller verkliga. Etthundrasju studenter fyllde i en enkät bestående av 58 påståenden, vilken mätte inre, yttre självkänsla samt self-handicapping. Deltagarna delades sedermera in i de fyra personligheterna, vilka ställdes mot dess uppmätta tendens till att bruka self-handicapping. Resultatet visade att låg inre och/eller hög yttre självkänsla ökar benägenheten till att använda self-handicapping. Avslutningsvis diskuteras och jämförs resultatets utfall.

Self-tracking practices are growing in popularity worldwide. From heart-rate monitoring to mood tracking, many believe that wearable technologies are making their users more mindful in exclusively positive ways. However, I will argue that consistent and deliberate self-tracking (with or without portable devices) necessitates a particular understanding of the self with consequences that have yet to be fully explored. Through an analysis of forum posts on a popular self-tracking discussion and informational site, QuantifiedSelf.com, I will claim that self-trackers approach the creation of self-knowledge in a manner that is particular to today’s society. I will discuss how the ubiquitous conflation of numerical identities with objective reasoning feeds into a mindset that supports quantification of the self, and how the views of self exhibited by these self-trackers can be considered a version of creating a “scientific self.” The notion of the scientific self supports both an individual and societal shift in the practice of “being”—a shift that carries with it many possible repercussions that have yet to be widely analyzed. This analysis, I will argue, is key to limiting the destructive potential of understanding people in terms of data, while simultaneously enabling new conceptualizations of self to be practiced in modern society.

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M.A. / The quest for a healthy mind and body has received increasing attention in recent years and the focus it seems, is not only on attaining optimal physical and psychological health, but also the maintenance and enhancement thereof. In light of this, the aim of this study was to understand the contributing factors in reaching optimal physical and psychological health or what is referred to in this study as an Optimal State of Being. To this end, the Investment in Self construct was developed to explain the aspirations towards optimal physical and psychological health. In view of this, the criteria thought to be a part of an Optimal State of Being are outlined in this study and one of the main tenants of this study is that Investment in Self will play a role in reaching an Optimal State of Being. Since there is no comprehensive construct that conceptualises the essence of Investment in Self, there is consequently no objective method of measuring it. This study, in addition to developing the Investment in Self construct, developed an instrument to measure Investment in Self called the Investment in Self Questionnaire. The Investment in Self construct was correlated with Sense of Coherence, Satisfaction with Life and Optimism using the self-constructed Investment in Self Questionnaire, Sense of Coherence – Short Form, Satisfaction with Life Scale and Life Orientation Test respectively, in order to establish its relationship to optimal well-being. The questionnaires were administered to 256 volunteer participants from the general population and the results of the study showed that Investment in Self is significantly related to psychological well-being.

This study hypothesized a relationship between self-acceptance and acceptance by others. The hypothesis was that patients chosen frequently by other persons on a friendship criterion would have lower self-ideal, self-discrepancy scores than patients chosen infrequently by other persons on a friendship criterion. The study also hypothesized that depressed patients would have higher discrepancy scores than either the psychopathic or situational stress groups.

The problem was to ascertain the relationship of a measure of self-actualization to a measure of mental health.

Previous studies of help-givers have stressed subjects' perceptions using nine generic problem areas and a list of 100 descriptive adjectives. The present study attempted to specify major personality variables entering into subjects' perceptions of adviser, high school counselor, college counselor, counseling psychologist, clinical psychologist, and psychiatrist. The personality variables of self-disclosure and risk were studied, as well as a comparison using the 100 descriptive adjectives. The results from 217 female undergraduate college students indicated that subjects revealed risky information to help-givers in the same manner that they tended to self-disclose. Findings also revealed that subjects tended to differentiate among help-givers in reference to the extent that they were willing to reveal risky information. Favorable findings with reference to validity for the Norton risk scale are discussed, as are discrepancies between descriptions of help-givers in the current study as opposed to descriptions of the same help-givers in previous studies.

Thesis advisor: Richard M. Kearney / This dissertation exposes the significance of ‘self-disruption’ in ethical development (the process of understanding how to flourish), especially as incited through conversation. By ‘self-disruption’, I mean the experience of being torn away from self-concern (which is a self-reflective enterprise) by something other. ‘Self-concern’ here refers to one’s attachment to one’s projects and plans—including the future self that one seeks to produce (qua preservation of its current identity). This study engages the history of ethical thinking, but it is not antiquarian. To make my case, I primarily rely on Emmanuel Levinas’s ethical metaphysics and critically interpret and draw from insights within 1) Kant’s account of the moral self, 2) Aristotle’s account of the virtuous soul, and 3) the teleological account of the self that we find in contemporary virtue ethics. My claim is that what is latent in each of these accounts is the pivotal role of having one’s attention arrested by ‘the other’, and that fostering this phenomenon belongs to the work of moral philosophy understood as moral cultivation. This research homes in on key discussions within Anglo-American ethics, particularly those that stem from the reevaluation of the nature and task of moral philosophy in the 20th-century. I am skeptical as to whether the resulting Aristotelian virtue ethics is as radical as its advocates claim, and I challenge its reliance on narrative coherence. I do not seek to deny the narrative dimensions of self-understanding, but I do want to underscore the ethical importance of welcoming their disruption. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2019. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Philosophy.

Tam Wing-sai Jessica. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 226-234). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstracts --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.iii / Prelude --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter1 --- Literature Review / Chapter 1.1 --- Literature Review on Cyber Researches --- p.5 / Chapter 1.11 --- Cyberspace and Self --- p.7 / Chapter 1.111 --- Goffmanian Dramaturgy: Presentation of Self in Cyberspace --- p.9 / Chapter 1.112 --- The Postmodern View: Fragmented and Multiple Cyberselves --- p.13 / Chapter 1.12 --- Later Foucault on Ethics --- p.19 / Chapter 1.121 --- Self-Writing as Self-Technology --- p.24 / Chapter 1.13 --- Conceptual Framework: Practice of Ethics in Cyberspace --- p.25 / Chapter 1.2 --- Summary --- p.32 / Chapter Chapter2 --- Research Design / Chapter 2.1 --- Research Site --- p.34 / Chapter 2.2 --- Research Method --- p.38 / Chapter 2.21 --- Textual Analysis --- p.38 / Chapter 2.22 --- Online Participatory Observation --- p.36 / Chapter 2.23 --- Online Interview / Chatting --- p.43 / Chapter 2.3 --- Summary --- p.45 / Chapter Chapter3 --- Approaching the Cyber Context: On the Threshold of Cyberspace / Chapter 3.1 --- Intrinsic Nexuses of Cyberspace --- p.47 / Chapter 3.11 --- Nexus of Space and Place --- p.47 / Chapter 3.111 --- Invisibility /Anonymity --- p.50 / Chapter 3.112 --- Sociality --- p.52 / Chapter 3.12 --- Nexus of Nearness and Remoteness --- p.60 / Chapter 3.121 --- Strangeness --- p.61 / Chapter 3.2 --- People on the Net: a Classification of Cyber-individuals --- p.63 / Chapter 3.21 --- Instrumental net user --- p.68 / Chapter 3.22 --- Cybernaut --- p.70 / Chapter 3.23 --- Netizen --- p.71 / Chapter 3.24 --- Net-addict --- p.75 / Chapter 3.3 --- Summary: Crossing the Threshold of Cyberspace --- p.79 / Chapter Chapter4 --- Caring the Cyberself: Self-awareness and Mind-caring / Chapter 4.1 --- Problematization of Virtuality and Virtual self --- p.82 / Chapter 4.11 --- Relationship with Virtual Reality: Materiality Vs Virtuality --- p.83 / Chapter 4.12 --- Relationship with Selves: Authentic self? Unauthentic self? --- p.91 / Chapter 4.13 --- Self-caring: Forgetting the body? Caring the mind --- p.97 / Chapter 4.131 --- Ethical Substance: Free and Reflective Subject --- p.109 / Chapter 4.2 --- Summary: Cyberself as an Ethical Subject --- p.114 / Chapter Chapter5 --- Creating the Cyber Flesh: Self-fashioning as a Virtual Self-technology / Chapter 5.1 --- Nickname --- p.117 / Chapter 5.2 --- Personal Details --- p.124 / Chapter 5.21 --- Net-hupomnemata --- p.126 / Chapter 5.22 --- Net Self-narration --- p.134 / Chapter 5.3 --- Summary: Self-fashioning as Virtual Self-technology --- p.137 / Chapter Chapter6 --- Playing the Cyberself: Self-experiment as a Virtual Self-technology / Chapter 6.1 --- Forms of Cyberself --- p.140 / Chapter 6.11 --- Disembodied --- p.140 / Chapter 6.12 --- Plastic --- p.141 / Chapter 6.13 --- Multiple and interchangeable --- p.142 / Chapter 6.2 --- Virtual Self-experiment --- p.143 / Chapter 6.21 --- Multiplicity: Self as a Masquer --- p.143 / Chapter 6.22 --- Plasticity : Self as a Creator --- p.151 / Chapter 6.221 --- Gender Swapping --- p.153 / Chapter 6.3 --- Summary: Self-Experiment as Virtual Self-Technology --- p.158 / Chapter Chapter7 --- Narrating the Cyberself: Self-Narration as a Virtual Self-Technology / Chapter 7.1 --- Net-Narration --- p.161 / Chapter 7.11 --- Net-diary --- p.162 / Chapter 7.12 --- Net-Correspondence --- p.166 / Chapter 7.2 --- Summary: Self-Narration as Virtual Self-technology --- p.176 / Epilogue-Game of Power in Cyberspace / Part I: Cyber-nature and Cyber-individuals --- p.179 / Part II： Self-awareness --- p.182 / Part III: Self-technologies --- p.185 / Reflection --- p.191 / Notes --- p.195 / Appendices --- p.207 / Bibliography --- p.226