The primary trouble befalling Nigeria and its Niger Delta has been described as a failure of leadership. At various periods during the late 20th and early 21st centuries, Nigeria endured a bloody civil war and years of repressive military rule. Violence in the Niger Delta region, widespread brain drain, and frequent strikes that disrupted academic calendars at universities had serious ramifications for the region's educational system. This study explores former students' perceptions of perceived leadership qualities seen in educational leaders at universities in the Niger Delta and how those qualities impact the acquired leadership skills of expatriate Nigerian postgraduates. Participants were Nigerian postgraduates living in Africa, Europe, and North America. Twenty-three men and 4 women took part in the study. Purposeful snowballing sampling procedures was used to select the sample. A mixed method design was used to collect data through structured electronic-mail surveys, and data were analyzed using constant comparative analysis procedures. Fifteen areas of influence emerged from expatriates' perceptions of these educational leaders. Areas of influence were categorized into 4 major constructs: Leading qualities, Perceived produced impacts, Perceived barriers, and Responses. Expatriates perceived few negative leading qualities but perceived too many real negative impacts that posed barriers to their acquired leadership skills. They are aware that these perceived barriers could be social, economic, environmental, and ethnic. These perceived impacts and barriers have generated fear in respondents. Anger appeared to be postgraduates' most common response to negative leadership qualities of educational leaders, while restlessness, associated with desire for effective leadership in the region appeared to be a common attitude among respondents. Because educational leadership has tremendous impact on the lives of the country's postgraduates, and in light of increasing reports of "brain drain" from the region, Nigeria's educational leadership should be researched from every possible angle. A new theoretical model of perceptions of leadership qualities should be the focus of future research as Nigerian expatriates examine their own leadership qualities and, eventually, put them to use.

The intention of this research is to develop a homiletical approach that will better equip the preacher in proclaiming the Glory of God. The study comes in a context where there has been a legitimate shift in emphasis in the direction of the listener, but it is the contention of this study that the pendulum has swung away from the pre-eminence of God that should permeate sermons being preached. Having established the need for a renewed apprehension of God in preaching the writer examines the general preaching landscape leading up to and including the 21st century. This part of the study includes some of the influences on the present day understanding on the role of knowledge and the questioning of God’s ability to communicate truth to man. The study also shows how these influences have led to a focus in preaching on human feeling and experience. The weight of Gods glory is then examined with the consequent implication of God’s passion for His own glory and the need for all preaching therefore to be Theo-centric. This is reinforced by an examination of the transcendence of God, unfolding the dangers of domesticating God by eliminating a sense of mystery as to the infinite nature of God. An overview of more recent developments in homiletical theory is examined demonstrating the conspicuous absence of the pre-eminence of God in preaching. A summary of the following three preaching models is presented; expository, narrative and topical, to provide a basis for later comparison. Key theological convictions and practices necessary to proclaim the Glory of God are then identified from the literature study. These are then used in a questionnaire compiled to be used in churches where the listeners are exposed to the three identified preaching models. The results from the empirical study is then analysed in the light of the theory presented in the literature studies. On the basis of these outcomes the following guidelines were recommended: -- Guidelines on determining the content of the sermon. -- Guidelines on the focus of the sermon. -- Guidelines on the content of the sermon. -- Guidelines on believing that God is primarily concerned about Himself leading to greater confidence in God’s grace to sinful people. And then finally, concluding that if the desired goal of proclaiming the Glory of God is to be consistently accomplished, then the expository model of preaching is best suited to the task. / Thesis (PhD (Practical Theology))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Practical Theology / unrestricted

Uppsatsen analyserar och komparerar H.C. Andersens verk Den lilla flickan med svavelstickorna och dess animerade adaption av Walt Disney Animation Studios The Little Matchgirl. Syftet med analysen är att undersöka hur tematik från Den lilla flickan med svavelstickorna förmedlas i en animerad adaption och utifrån vilka medel. Uppsatsen utgår från Linda Hutcheons adaptionsteori samt semiotik baserat på Gunter Kress och Theo Van Leeuwens visuella grammatik. Analysen visar på att adaptionens tematik överlag överensstämmer med originalets och de förändringar som gjorts har varit för sentimentala skäl eller på grund av de begränsningar eller möjligheter som det visuella mediet har som framställningsform. Analysen visar på att adaptionen använder både ljus- och färgmodalitetstecken för att effektivt kunna representera Andersens originella sentimentalitet i en ny medial framställning.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis presents an analysis of ‘township typography’ as a complex visual dialect generated by various economic and historical factors within the South African social landscape. A combination of specific tools, skills-sets and applications has produced a body of typographic letterforms that can be visually distinguished from standardised letterforms found in mainstream typography. Due to the origin of these letterforms, as well as their distinct appearance, ‘township typography’ has the capacity to evoke specific social, cultural or demographic structures in systems of communication. This study reveals that typographic features from ‘township typography’ are drawn into mainstream cultural production, particularly in the field of local advertising, as the result of a complex process of incorporation and institutional consecration. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis bied ‘n analise van ‘township tipografie’ as ‘n komplekse visuele dialek wat gegenereer word deur verskeie ekonomiese en historiese faktore eie aan die Suid- Afrikaanse sosiale landskap. Die spesifieke kombinasie van gereedskap, vaardighede en aanwendings lei tot ‘n liggaam van lettertipes wat visueel onderskei kan word van die standaard wat in hoofstroom tipografie voorkom. Vanweë hierdie dialek se oorsprong, asook die kenmerkende voorkoms daarvan, het ‘township tipografie’ die vermoë om spesifieke sosiale, kulturele en demografiese strukture in kommunikasie op te roep. Hierdie studie toon hoe eienskappe eie aan ‘township tipografie’ weens ‘n komplekse proses van inkorporasie en institusionele inseëning in hoofstroom kulturele produksie opgeneem word, veral op die gebied van plaaslike advertensiewese.

This thesis explores the ways in which Christian faith ‘adds value’ to the ‘carescape’ and ‘caringscapes’ of statutory hostels for people experiencing homelessness in the United Kingdom. The ways that a distinctively Christian organisational ethos is created and experienced through the material, regulatory and performative dimensions of space, place and subjectivity, are explored through a case study of the Salvation Army’s contemporary statutory accommodation services for single homeless people. Drawing upon Cloke’s notions of ‘theo-ethics’ and Conradson’s concept of ‘therapeutic landscape experience’, the links between spirituality, care and ‘value added’ are examined from the perspective of staff, volunteers and service users. This analysis extends the debate on the potential for faith-based organisations to make a distinctive and valuable contribution to care for people experiencing homelessness, by foregrounding the spiritual and emotional dimensions that texture these organisational landscapes of care. A feminist epistemological approach is taken to illuminate the nuances of care-giving and care-receiving, with particular attention paid to the emotional and spiritual sensitivities underpinning social interactions, and how these dimensions are perceived, narrated and experienced from a variety of perspectives. Using an ethnographic methodology, this study involved the undertaking of 91 semi-structured interviews, a six-week period of participant observation in a specific Salvation Army Lifehouse, and attendance at four professional social service and chaplaincy conferences run by the Salvation Army UK. The research findings suggest that Christianity adds value to these institutional spaces of care in a highly nuanced way, dependent on one’s subjectivity. A second observation is that the potential for faith to add value within statutory arenas of care for the homeless is being compromised due to the pressures associated with the incumbent neoliberal contract culture within which Lifehouses are embedded. A third contribution concerns the potential for a faith-based organisation to act as a crucible for the emergence of postsecular rapprochement: it is suggested that an intersectional approach to analysing this socio-spatial process is necessary, due to the strategic role that gender, age, sexuality and race were revealed to play in fostering, or dissipating, the affective relationships that underpinned fragile moments of rapprochement.

Claims related to the environment increasingly permeate the domain of human and fundamental rights. It is widely accepted that a direct functional relationship exists between the pursuit of environmental aims generally, and the protection of environmental rights. By and large, this relation compelled 'the environment' to have become a prominent contemporary focus point in legal thought, discourse and adjudication. Since local government operates closer to citizens than any other level of government, it is obvious that it may be expected of it to also play an important role in the management and regulation of matters that affect the environment. In the main, this study questions the extent to which the South African legal framework facilitates local government progress in the decentralised fulfilment of the section 24 environmental right in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. Firstly, this thesis provides a theoretical literature review of a number of approaches to, categories of and different perspectives on environmental rights in general. As part of this review a number of generic elements is identified for the fulfilment of constitutional environmental provisions, generally. The literature review attends also to the notions of local environmental governance and 'local politics of pollution', amongst other concepts related to local government. Secondly, this thesis (by employing the comparative research method and by using the generic elements for fulfilment of constitutional environmental provisions as benchmarks) critically considers the Constitution or Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany, 1949 (Grundgesety and relevant developments in Germany with reference to the European context and a local government case study on the municipality of Heidelberg. It considers also the Constitution of Namibia of 1990 and relevant developments in Namibia with reference to the African and Southern African contexts and a case study on the Walvis Bay municipality. The South African position is subsequently analysed, first with a focus on section 24 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, environmental law and related developments, then shifting the focus to the constitutional provisions on local government, local government law, related developments and the case of the Drakenstein Local Municipality. Thirdly, based on the lessons learned from and lacunae identified in all three of the countries considered, this study concludes with a set of recommendations for the South African context. / Thesis (LL.D.) -- North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

Claims related to the environment increasingly permeate the domain of human and fundamental rights. It is widely accepted that a direct functional relationship exists between the pursuit of environmental aims generally, and the protection of environmental rights. By and large, this relation compelled 'the environment' to have become a prominent contemporary focus point in legal thought, discourse and adjudication. Since local government operates closer to citizens than any other level of government, it is obvious that it may be expected of it to also play an important role in the management and regulation of matters that affect the environment. In the main, this study questions the extent to which the South African legal framework facilitates local government progress in the decentralised fulfilment of the section 24 environmental right in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. Firstly, this thesis provides a theoretical literature review of a number of approaches to, categories of and different perspectives on environmental rights in general. As part of this review a number of generic elements is identified for the fulfilment of constitutional environmental provisions, generally. The literature review attends also to the notions of local environmental governance and 'local politics of pollution', amongst other concepts related to local government. Secondly, this thesis (by employing the comparative research method and by using the generic elements for fulfilment of constitutional environmental provisions as benchmarks) critically considers the Constitution or Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany, 1949 (Grundgesety and relevant developments in Germany with reference to the European context and a local government case study on the municipality of Heidelberg. It considers also the Constitution of Namibia of 1990 and relevant developments in Namibia with reference to the African and Southern African contexts and a case study on the Walvis Bay municipality. The South African position is subsequently analysed, first with a focus on section 24 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, environmental law and related developments, then shifting the focus to the constitutional provisions on local government, local government law, related developments and the case of the Drakenstein Local Municipality. Thirdly, based on the lessons learned from and lacunae identified in all three of the countries considered, this study concludes with a set of recommendations for the South African context. / Thesis (LL.D.) -- North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

If from God’s perspective ‘all the world’s a stage’, theology invites one to think and act according to the view afforded from this height. To speak theologically of a ‘world stage’ as many contemporary theologians have done has required rethinking the Church’s long-established antagonism towards the stage. Of late, theology has opened up academic exchange with the drama’s understanding of ‘the great theatre of the world’. Hans Urs von Balthasar’s theo-drama in particular has given Christians a means for entering into discussion with dramatic forms. Contemporary theological engagements with ‘drama’, however, have been limited to its most literary/metaphorical aspects; less attention has been paid to the potentialities in theology’s exchange with the performance aesthetics of live theatre. Pressed to its logical ends, however, von Balthasar’s idea of a ‘theological dramatics’ and its advances made in contemporary theology, suggest the need for sustained engagement with other modes of dramaturgy, including performance theory and the stage. This thesis attempts to instantiate this theological engagement through the aesthetics of theatrical performance.

A presente dissertação analisa três edifícios ecléticos que constituem um conjunto monumental nas bordas da Praça da Alfândega de Porto Alegre, todos reciclados no ultimo quarto do século XX e passagem para o século XXI: a Delegacia Fiscal, o Correio e Telégrafos, e o Banco Nacional do Comércio, de autoria de Theo Wiedersphan, hoje abrigando respectivamente o Museu de Arte do Rio Grande do Sul, Memorial do Rio Grande do Sul, e Santander Cultural. A análise se faz em três momentos: o de funcionamento pleno, o de desuso e o de novo projeto, assinados por Ediolanda Liedke, Nico e Ceres Rocha, e Roberto Loeb, privilegiando questões de composição ao invés de discussões estilísticas. O capítulo I traça breve panorama sobre a Praça da Alfândega e seu entorno seguido de informações biográficas sobre Wiederspahn. Os capítulos II, III, e IV desenvolvem os três estudos de caso. O capítulo V traz comparações e algumas conclusões sobre os edifícios. Uma breve reflexão acerca dos referenciais teórico-metodológicos é proposta em anexo. / This paper analyses three eclectic buildings that constitutes a monumental set in the edges of the Alfandega Square in Porto Alegre, all of them recycled in the last quarter of the XX’s and the XXI’s: the “Delegacia Fiscal”, “Correios e Telégrafos”, and “Banco Nacional do Comércio” projected by Theo Wiedersphan, today housing, respectively the “Museu de Arte do Rio Grande do Sul”, “Memorial do Rio Grande do Sul”, and “Santander Cultural”. The analysis occurs in three moments: the full operation, the disuse, and the new project, signed by Ediolanda Liedke, Nico and Ceres Rocha, and Roberto Loeb, and privileges topics of composition instead of stylistic ones. Chapter I points a quick overview on the Alfândega Square and its surroundings, followed by biographical informations about Wiedersphan. Chapters II, III, and IV develop three case studies. Chapter V brings comparisons and some conclusions about the buildings. A quick reflection about the theorical-methodological references is proposed on annex.

A presente dissertação analisa três edifícios ecléticos que constituem um conjunto monumental nas bordas da Praça da Alfândega de Porto Alegre, todos reciclados no ultimo quarto do século XX e passagem para o século XXI: a Delegacia Fiscal, o Correio e Telégrafos, e o Banco Nacional do Comércio, de autoria de Theo Wiedersphan, hoje abrigando respectivamente o Museu de Arte do Rio Grande do Sul, Memorial do Rio Grande do Sul, e Santander Cultural. A análise se faz em três momentos: o de funcionamento pleno, o de desuso e o de novo projeto, assinados por Ediolanda Liedke, Nico e Ceres Rocha, e Roberto Loeb, privilegiando questões de composição ao invés de discussões estilísticas. O capítulo I traça breve panorama sobre a Praça da Alfândega e seu entorno seguido de informações biográficas sobre Wiederspahn. Os capítulos II, III, e IV desenvolvem os três estudos de caso. O capítulo V traz comparações e algumas conclusões sobre os edifícios. Uma breve reflexão acerca dos referenciais teórico-metodológicos é proposta em anexo. / This paper analyses three eclectic buildings that constitutes a monumental set in the edges of the Alfandega Square in Porto Alegre, all of them recycled in the last quarter of the XX’s and the XXI’s: the “Delegacia Fiscal”, “Correios e Telégrafos”, and “Banco Nacional do Comércio” projected by Theo Wiedersphan, today housing, respectively the “Museu de Arte do Rio Grande do Sul”, “Memorial do Rio Grande do Sul”, and “Santander Cultural”. The analysis occurs in three moments: the full operation, the disuse, and the new project, signed by Ediolanda Liedke, Nico and Ceres Rocha, and Roberto Loeb, and privileges topics of composition instead of stylistic ones. Chapter I points a quick overview on the Alfândega Square and its surroundings, followed by biographical informations about Wiedersphan. Chapters II, III, and IV develop three case studies. Chapter V brings comparisons and some conclusions about the buildings. A quick reflection about the theorical-methodological references is proposed on annex.