Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-03-26 / Epistemologia da Informática em Saúde: entre a teoria e a prática. Eliane Colepí-colo. 2008. CONTEXTO. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é compreender a epistemologia da área de Informática em Saúde (IS) por meio de um estudo comparativo entre aspectos teóricos e práticos desta disciplina. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS. O estudo foi dividido em 3 eta-pas: estudo estatístico, estudo terminológico e estudo epistemológico. O estudo esta-tístico envolveu o desenvolvimento e uso de robô para extração de metadados de arti-gos científicos da base PubMed, assim como a mineração de textos destes resumos de artigos, utilizados para estatísticas e análise posterior. O estudo terminológico visou o desenvolvimento de um tesauro especializado em IS, aqui denominado EpistemIS, que, integrado ao MeSH, serviu como base ao estudo estatístico. O estudo epistemo-lógico começou com o estudo dos metaconceitos da ação e pensamento humanos (MAPHs), que são arte, técnica, ciência, tecnologia e tecnociência. A seguir, realizou-se o desenvolvimento de um método epistemológico, baseado nas obras de Mário Bunge, para classificação epistemológica de conceitos da área provenientes do tesau-ro EpistemIS. Uma pesquisa de opinião com a comunidade científica da área foi reali-zada por meio de questionário na web. RESULTADOS. Obteve-se: uma caracteriza-ção dos MAPHs, mapas de sistematização do conhecimento em IS, classificações epistemológica e em MAPHs da IS, um mapa do conhecimento em IS e o consenso da comunidade sobre a epistemologia da IS. Por fim, foram calculadas estatísticas relati-vas: às classificações epistemológica e em MAPHs em IS, à integração entre o corpus de análise (437.289 artigos PubMed) e o tesauro EpistemIS. CONCLUSÃO. A partir de argumentos teóricos e práticos concluiu-se que a Informática em Saúde é uma tecno-ciência que se ocupa de solucionar problemas relativos aos domínios das Ciências da Vida, Ciências da Saúde e do Cuidado em Saúde, por meio da pesquisa científica in-terdisciplinar e do desenvolvimento de tecnologia para uso na sociedade. / TEDE

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:43:57Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 lorenzon_ej_dr_mar.pdf: 1017854 bytes, checksum: ec2b138de0534d37e1c1d0069789fcc8 (MD5) / Buscou-se resolver o problema da cadeia produtiva do calçado no Brasil, enquanto domínios especializados, de não possuir uma linguagem de indexação específica e exaustiva para a organização e representação das suas informações, mostrando que o único instrumento de vocabulário controlado existente nesse setor produtivo, denominado Microtesauro do Couro e Calçado, produzido pelo Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial - SENAI, não é suficiente para organizar, atualmente, todos os conteúdos abordados dentro do domínio em questão. Para isso, utilizamos os pressupostos teóricos de John Swales sobre análise de domínio e comunidades discursivas, aplicando os seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: 1) delimitação do domínio (definição de onde começa e onde termina), utilizando os princípios metodológicos propostos por Tennis (2003) e as 11 abordagens de Hjorland (2001; 2002) para sua análise, delimitando-o através das suas áreas de modulação e seu grau de especialização; 2) identificação dos usuários da terminologia, ou seja, as comunidades discursivas desse domínio; 3) seleção de uma categoria bem específica e duas facetas para a identificação de termos; 4) definição e seleção do corpus para o estudo; 5) utilização de uma tecnologia para a extração semiautomática de termos no corpus, eliminando aqueles que não são específicos na área, com auxilio de um especialista do setor; e finalmente 6) comparação de alguns termos, selecionados através de seu grau de especificidade no domínio, com os termos descritos no Microtesauro analisado. Pretendeu-se com a pesquisa verificar a possibilidade de avaliar tesauros a partir da análise de domínio conforme as perspectivas de Swales. Essa cadeia produtiva foi escolhida devido ao envolvimento profissional da pesquisadora no processo de organização de suas informações e conhecimentos / We tried to solve the problem of footwear production chain in Brazil, while specialized fields, it does not have an indexing language to specifically include the organization and representation of your information, showing that the only existing tool for controlled vocabulary in the productive sector, microthesaurus called the Leather and Footwear, produced by the National Service of Industrial Learning - SENAI is not enough to organize now, all the content covered within the area in question. We utilize the theoretical assumptions of John Swales on domain analysis, and discursive communities, applying the following methodology: 1) delineation of the domain (definition of where it begins and ends), using the methodological principles proposed by Tennis (2003) and approaches the 11 Hjørland (2001, 2002) for analysis, limiting it through their areas of modulation and the degree of specialization, 2) identification of users of the terminology, ie the discursive communities that domain, 3) selection a very specific category and two facets to the identification of terms, 4) definition and selection of the corpus for the study, 5) use of a technology for semi-automatic extraction of terms in the corpus, eliminating those that are not specific in the area, with the aid of an industry expert, and finally 6) comparison of some terms, selected by their degree of specificity in the field, with the terms described in microthesaurus analyzed. It was intended to research to verify the possibility of evaluating thesauri from the domain analysis as the prospects of Swales. This chain was chosen because the researcher's professional involvement in the process of organizing their information and knowledge

Orientador: João Batista Ernesto de Moraes / Banca: José Augusto Chaves Guimarães / Banca: Mariângela Spotti Lopes Fujita / Banca: Luciana de Souza Gracioso / Banca: Brígida Maria Nogueira Cervantes / Resumo: Buscou-se resolver o problema da cadeia produtiva do calçado no Brasil, enquanto domínios especializados, de não possuir uma linguagem de indexação específica e exaustiva para a organização e representação das suas informações, mostrando que o único instrumento de vocabulário controlado existente nesse setor produtivo, denominado Microtesauro do Couro e Calçado, produzido pelo Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial - SENAI, não é suficiente para organizar, atualmente, todos os conteúdos abordados dentro do domínio em questão. Para isso, utilizamos os pressupostos teóricos de John Swales sobre análise de domínio e comunidades discursivas, aplicando os seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: 1) delimitação do domínio (definição de onde começa e onde termina), utilizando os princípios metodológicos propostos por Tennis (2003) e as 11 abordagens de Hjorland (2001; 2002) para sua análise, delimitando-o através das suas áreas de modulação e seu grau de especialização; 2) identificação dos usuários da terminologia, ou seja, as comunidades discursivas desse domínio; 3) seleção de uma categoria bem específica e duas facetas para a identificação de termos; 4) definição e seleção do corpus para o estudo; 5) utilização de uma tecnologia para a extração semiautomática de termos no corpus, eliminando aqueles que não são específicos na área, com auxilio de um especialista do setor; e finalmente 6) comparação de alguns termos, selecionados através de seu grau de especificidade no domínio, com os termos descritos no Microtesauro analisado. Pretendeu-se com a pesquisa verificar a possibilidade de avaliar tesauros a partir da análise de domínio conforme as perspectivas de Swales. Essa cadeia produtiva foi escolhida devido ao envolvimento profissional da pesquisadora no processo de organização de suas informações e conhecimentos / Abstract: We tried to solve the problem of footwear production chain in Brazil, while specialized fields, it does not have an indexing language to specifically include the organization and representation of your information, showing that the only existing tool for controlled vocabulary in the productive sector, microthesaurus called the Leather and Footwear, produced by the National Service of Industrial Learning - SENAI is not enough to organize now, all the content covered within the area in question. We utilize the theoretical assumptions of John Swales on domain analysis, and discursive communities, applying the following methodology: 1) delineation of the domain (definition of where it begins and ends), using the methodological principles proposed by Tennis (2003) and approaches the 11 Hjørland (2001, 2002) for analysis, limiting it through their areas of modulation and the degree of specialization, 2) identification of users of the terminology, ie the discursive communities that domain, 3) selection a very specific category and two facets to the identification of terms, 4) definition and selection of the corpus for the study, 5) use of a technology for semi-automatic extraction of terms in the corpus, eliminating those that are not specific in the area, with the aid of an industry expert, and finally 6) comparison of some terms, selected by their degree of specificity in the field, with the terms described in microthesaurus analyzed. It was intended to research to verify the possibility of evaluating thesauri from the domain analysis as the prospects of Swales. This chain was chosen because the researcher's professional involvement in the process of organizing their information and knowledge / Doutor

This study documents and analyzes cyclic patterns used as melodic vocabulary in John Coltrane's improvisations from compositions of 1965 to 1967. The analysis is categorized in two distinct sections. The first section analyzes melodic vocabulary that is derived from the cycle of descending major thirds progressions found in the compositions of 1959 to 1960. The second section analyzes melodic vocabulary that is derived from Nicolas Slonimsky's Thesaurus of Scales and Melodic Patterns using the theoretical terminology incorporated in the treatise. Musical examples consist of patterns from the Thesaurus and excerpts from selected improvisations of John Coltrane as transcribed by Andrew White. Important scholarly contributions relevant to the subject by Carl Woideck, Lewis Porter, David Demsey, and Walt Weiskopf are included. Every effort has been made to cite interviews with musicians and commentaries by writers contemporary to that period of time with special emphasis on the important influence of Thelonious Monk, Miles Davis, and Ornette Coleman. Chapter headings include: Literature Review and Methodology; Thelonious Monk, Miles Davis, and Ornette Coleman: Converging Influences; Analysis: Coltrane's Major Thirds Harmonic Cycles Used as Melodic Vocabulary; Interval Cycles in Coltrane's Melodic Vocabulary Based on Patterns from Slonimsky's Thesaurus; Summary and Conclusion.

Mit maschinellen Verfahren lässt sich die Qualität der Inhaltserschließung dramatisch steigern. intelligentCAPTURE ist seit 2002 produktiv im Einsatz in Bibliotheken und Dokumentationszentren. Zu dessen Verfahren gehören Module für die Dokumentenakquisition, insbesondere Scanning und OCR, korrekte Textextraktion aus PDF-Dateien und Websites sowie Spracherkennung für "textlose" Objekte. Zusätzliche Verfahren zur Informationsextraktion können optional folgen. Als relevant erkannter Content wird mittels der CAI-Engine (Computer Aided Indexing) maschinell inhaltlich ausgewertet. Dort findet ein Zusammenspiel computerlinguistischer Verfahren (sprachabhängige Morphologie, Syntaxanalyse, Statistik) und semantischer Strukturen (Klassifikationen, Systematiken, Thesauri, Topic Maps, RDF, semantische Netze) statt. Aufbereitete Inhalte und fertige, human editierbare Indexate werden schließlich über frei definierbare Exportformate an die jeweiligen Bibliothekssysteme und in der Regel auch an intelligentSEARCH übergeben. intelligentSEARCH ist eine zentrale Verbunddatenbank zum Austausch zwischen allen produktiven Partnern weltweit aus dem öffentlichen und privatwirtschaftlichen Bereich. Der Austausch ist auf tauschbare Medien, bislang Inhaltsverzeichnisse, aus urheberrechtlichen Gründen begrenzt. Gleichzeitig ist diese Datenbank "Open Content" für die akademische Öffentlichkeit mit besonders leistungsstarken Retrieval-Funktionen, insbesondere mit semantischen Recherche-Möglichkeiten und der Visualisierung von semantischen Strukturen (http://www.agi-imc.de/intelligentSEARCH.nsf). Sowohl für die Indexierung als auch für die Recherche können unterschiedliche semantische Strukturen genutzt werden - je nach Erkenntnisinteresse, Weltsicht oder Sprache.

The objective of the dissertation thesis has been the information-lexical analysis of Czech medical reports and the usability of international classification systems in the Czech healthcare environment. The analysis of medical reports has been based on the attributes of the Minimal Data Model for Cardiology (MDMC). Narrative medical reports and structured medical reports from the ADAMEK software application have been used. For the thesis SNOMED CT and ICD-10 classification systems have been used. There has been compared how well attributes of MDMC are recorded in narrative and structured medical reports. The language analysis of the Czech narrative medical reports has been made. A new application for measuring diversity in medical reports written in any language is proposed. The application is based on the general concepts of diversities derived from f-diversity, relative f- diversity, self f-diversity and marginal f-diversity. The thesis has come to the conclusion that using a free text in medical reports is not consistent and not standardized. The standardized terminology would bring benefits to physicians, patients, administrators, software developers and payers and it would help healthcare providers as it could provide complete and easily accessible information that belongs to the process of...

The objective of the dissertation thesis has been the information-lexical analysis of Czech medical reports and the usability of international classification systems in the Czech healthcare environment. The analysis of medical reports has been based on the attributes of the Minimal Data Model for Cardiology (MDMC). Narrative medical reports and structured medical reports from the ADAMEK software application have been used. For the thesis SNOMED CT and ICD-10 classification systems have been used. There has been compared how well attributes of MDMC are recorded in narrative and structured medical reports. The language analysis of the Czech narrative medical reports has been made. A new application for measuring diversity in medical reports written in any language is proposed. The application is based on the general concepts of diversities derived from f-diversity, relative f- diversity, self f-diversity and marginal f-diversity. The thesis has come to the conclusion that using a free text in medical reports is not consistent and not standardized. The standardized terminology would bring benefits to physicians, patients, administrators, software developers and payers and it would help healthcare providers as it could provide complete and easily accessible information that belongs to the process of...

Cette thèse aborde les problématiques liées à la construction de Topic Maps et à leur utilisation pour la recherche d’information dans le cadre défini par le Web sémantique (WS). Le WS a pour objectif de structurer les informations disponibles sur le Web. Pour cela, les ressources doivent être sémantiquement étiquetées par des métadonnées afin de permettre d'optimiser l'accès à ces ressources. Ces métadonnées sont actuellement spécifiées à l'aide des deux standards qui utilisent le langage XML : RDF et les Topic Maps. Un contenu à organiser étant très souvent volumineux et sujet à enrichissement perpétuel, il est pratiquement impossible d’envisager une création et gestion d’une Topic Map, le décrivant, de façon manuelle. Plusieurs travaux de recherche ont concerné la construction de Topic Maps à partir de documents textuels [Ellouze et al. 2008a]. Cependant, aucune d’elles ne permet de traiter un contenu multilingue. De plus, bien que les Topic Maps soient, par définition, orientées utilisation (recherche d’information), peu d’entre elles prennent en compte les requêtes des utilisateurs.Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous avons donc conçu une approche que nous avons nommée ACTOM pour « Approche de Construction d’une TOpic Map Multilingue ». Cette dernière sert à organiser un contenu multilingue composé de documents textuels. Elle a pour avantage de faciliter la recherche d’information dans ce contenu. Notre approche est incrémentale et évolutive, elle est basée sur un processus automatisé, qui prend en compte des documents multilingues et l’évolution de la Topic Map selon le changement du contenu en entrée et l’usage de la Topic Map. Elle prend comme entrée un référentiel de documents que nous construisons suite à la segmentation thématique et à l’indexation sémantique de ces documents et un thésaurus du domaine pour l’ajout de liens ontologiques. Pour enrichir la Topic Map, nous nous basons sur deux ontologies générales et nous explorons toutes les questions potentielles relatives aux documents sources. Dans ACTOM, en plus des liens d’occurrences reliant un Topic à ses ressources, nous catégorisons les liens en deux catégories: (a) les liens ontologiques et (b) les liens d’usage. Nous proposons également d’étendre le modèle des Topic Maps défini par l’ISO en rajoutant aux caractéristiques d’un Topic des méta-propriétés servant à mesurer la pertinence des Topics plus précisément pour l’évaluation de la qualité et l’élagage dynamique de la Topic Map. / The research work in this thesis is related to Topic Map construction and their use in semantic annotation of web resources in order to help users find relevant information in these resources. The amount of information sources available today is very huge and continuously increasing, for that, it is impossible to create and maintain manually a Topic Map to represent and organize all these information. Many Topic Maps building approaches can be found in the literature [Ellouze et al. 2008a]. However, none of these approaches takes as input multilingual document content. In addition, although Topic Maps are basically dedicated to users navigation and information search, no one approach takes into consideration users requests in the Topic Map building process. In this context, we have proposed ACTOM, a Topic Map building approach based on an automated process taking into account multilingual documents and Topic Map evolution according to content and usage changes. To enrich the Topic Map, we are based on a domain thesaurus and we propose also to explore all potential questions related to source documents in order to represent usage in the Topic Map. In our approach, we extend the Topic Map model that already exists by defining the usage links and a list of meta-properties associated to each Topic, these meta-properties are used in the Topic Map pruning process. In our approach ACTOM, we propose also to precise and enrich semantics of Topic Map links so, except occurrences links between Topics and resources, we classify Topic Map links in two different classes, those that we have called “ontological links” and those that we have named “usage links”.

This thesis deals with methods of information retrieval. Firstly, it describes models of information retrieval and methods of retrieval evaluation. Then it brings closer the principles of the input text processing for IR with use of stopword list and stemmer. Furthermore, it shows the way of the query expansion with synonyms using the thesaurus, methods of handling phrases appearance in queries and introduces the idea of ranking documents by the degree of phrase occurrence similarity in documents. In the second part of this thesis is described the design of whole IR system with using vector model, query expansion with synonyms and phrases handling. This system has been implemented in C# as the application for retrieving and administration of the documents in digital libraries. The effectiveness of this system has been evaluated at the end of this thesis by several tests.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:36:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andre Luis Del Tio 1.pdf: 1156026 bytes, checksum: a5e0049f26d58f4225f0d320c6ef0491 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-05 / With the constant changes of the globalized world and with the increase of the competition the uncertainties of the future are bigger and bigger for any organization; it isn t different the situation of the brazilian universities. Constantly, they have to look for the improvement in the quality of their services. To improve this scene of competition the Strategic Planning becomes a referencial to the organizations trace their ways in projected and organized way, optimizing the use of human and financial resources. However for its elaboration it is necessary to use a set of information, restricted, for development of an adequate product for the Institution. In this direction, the area of the Information Science, specifically the Knowledge Management, can contribute with the process of elaboration of the Strategic Planning. Thus, the objective of this work is verify the application of these techniques to the process of elaboration of a Strategic Planning. To prove the viability of this application, an analysis of a developed Strategic Planning will be carried through, for an Institution of Superior Education, without the formal use of the techniques of Knowledge Management. / Com as constantes mudan?as do mundo globalizado e o acirramento da concorr?ncia, as incertezas do futuro s?o cada vez maiores para qualquer organiza??o. N?o menos diferente ? a situa??o das Institui??es de Ensino Superior do Brasil. Dessa forma, as Institui??es t?m que buscar constantemente a melhoria na qualidade dos servi?os prestados para manter e conquistar novos alunos. Para melhorar esse cen?rio de concorr?ncia, o Planejamento Estrat?gico torna-se um referencial para as organiza??es tra?arem seus caminhos de maneira projetada e organizada, otimizando a utiliza??o dos recursos humanos e financeiros. Por?m, para a sua elabora??o, ? necess?rio utilizar um conjunto de informa??es, cada vez mais restritas, para o desenvolvimento adequado da Institui??o. Nesse sentido, a ?rea de Ci?ncia da Informa??o, especificamente a Gest?o do Conhecimento, com sua t?cnica de intera??o entre os modos de convers?o do conhecimento apoiada pelo tesauro funcional, pode contribuir com o processo de elabora??o do Planejamento Estrat?gico. Assim, este trabalho visa verificar a aplica??o dessa t?cnica, tendo como suporte o tesauro funcional no processo de elabora??o de um Planejamento Estrat?gico. Para comprovar a viabilidade dessa aplica??o, foi realizada uma an?lise de um Planejamento Estrat?gico desenvolvido por uma Institui??o de Ensino Superior, sem a utiliza??o desses conceitos.