Dissertation deals with the flow of time and it's influence on the adhesion of memories in mind in terms of the philosophy of Henri Bergson and Gilles Deleuze. Dissetration has two parts- theoretical and practical. The practical part deals with memory of the current time shown on the silkscreen ceramic tiles.

Ces travaux de thèse, financés par la société TERREAL (convention CIFRE), ont pour objectif de modéliser l’étape de façonnage des tuiles en terre cuite. La mise en forme des tuiles est à l’origine d’un tiers du rebus. Les attentes industrielles autour de ce sujet sont doubles : comprendre les phénomènes générant les défauts et mettre en place un outil de simulation numérique permettant de prévoir l’influence des paramètres produits / procédés sur l’apparition des défauts. La démarche scientifique s’est orientée autour de trois axes : la modélisation du comportement rhéologique, l’identification du comportement aux interfaces, la détermination d’un critère de fissuration et des mécanismes générant les défauts. Le modèle rhéologique est déterminé par analyse inverse d’essais de compression libre. Des essais complémentaires (cisaillement, flexion,…) ont été réalisés pour étudier plus finement le comportement du matériau. Des mesures de champs de déformation par stéréo corrélation ont permis de valider les modèles numériques de ces essais. Des mesures effectuées avec un tribomètre rectiligne ont permis de déterminer des modèles de frottement aux différentes interfaces du procédé (argile/acier ; argile/caoutchouc ; caoutchouc/résine). Quatre critères de fissuration ont été étudiés. Un critère en cisaillement maximum s’est montré le plus pertinent pour modéliser l’initiation des fissures. Des essais de façonnage sur des géométries partielles de tuiles ont permis de valider les différents modèles de comportement identifiés et de comparer deux technologies d’outillage (rigide et déformable). La simulation numérique 3D a permis de prédire la majorité des défauts liés aux écoulements. / This PhD study was supported by the company TERREAL. The aim is to model the forming step of clay tiles. The industrial expectations around this topic were double: understand the phenomena leading to defect occurence and to put in place a numerical simulation tool which allows to predict the influence of the product / process variations. The scientific approach turned around three axes: the determination of the constitutive model of the clay paste, the identification of the behavior at the different interfaces, the determination of a damage criterion and the mechanisms which generate defects. The different parameters of the constitutive law were identified by an inverse analysis of compression tests. Some additional tests (shearing test, bending test,…) were performed to investigate more precisely the material behavior. Kinematic full-field measurements by 3D digital image correlation allowed to validate the numerical model of these tests. Measurements with a rectilinear tribometer were carried out to identify a model of friction for the different interfaces involved in the process (clay/steel; clay/rubber and rubber/resin). Four cracking criteria have been studied. A maximum shear stress criterion proved to be the most relevant to assess the initiation of cracks. Forming tests of partial geometries of tiles allowed to validate the different behavior models identified and to compare two dies technologies (rigid dies and deformable dies). 3D numerical simulation allowed to predict the most of the defects related to the clay paste flow.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-17T15:26:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-06-18. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-09-17T15:45:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000847209.pdf: 5266454 bytes, checksum: 0d8bbc541a0829ab53a490270977e355 (MD5) / A artista plástica Adriana Varejão, está entre as mais bem-sucedidas do circuito mundial. É atualmente uma das artistas brasileiras de mais destaque na cena contemporânea, no Brasil e também no exterior. O espaço de representação pictórica proposto por Adriana visa a angariar o olhar plurívoco do espectador, sua obra tem como base o período colonial brasileiro. Desse modo, suas obras são vistas como ponto de convergência entre saberes históricos e a cada descrição de suas obras, uma difusão de referências, casos e imagens se desdobram. Os trabalhos de Adriana exploram as histórias implícitas e não contadas, criando um tipo de historiografia crítica em que, a sua maneira, osretratos acadêmicos iluminam o que ficou oculto da experiência violenta no universo doBrasil colonial. / The artist Adriana Varejao, is among the most successful on the world circuit . It is currently one of Brazil's most prominent artists ofthe contemporary scene in Brazil and abroad. The pictorial space proposed by Adriana aims to raise the plurivocal eye of the beholder, his work is based on the Brazilian colonial period. In this way, his work is seen as a point of convergence between historical knowledge and every description of his works, a broadcast references, cases and images unfold. The Adriana's works explore the implicit stories and untold, creating a kind of critical historiography in which your way, academic portraits illuminate what was hidden from the violent experience in the world of colonial Brazil.

abstract: In contemporary society, educators teach adolescent students about the importance of developmental growth. This growth transitions into leadership, which prepares youth to collaborate with adults in a working environment. Additionally, youth mural programs generate leadership skills, yet not many art educators are using mural projects as a means to develop leadership in their students. This study explored the connection between working collaboratively on a mural project and the impact it had on leadership traits and skills in adolescent girls. I created an action research project in conjunction with Girl Scouts to encourage a group of girls while creating a mural. The mural project took place at an Arizona Girl Scout resident camp for a total of 11 days. Seven participants between the ages of 14-17 engaged in planning and executing a tile mosaic mural. The image they created remains as a permanent mural for the camp. Qualitative data includes responses to reflection questions and observations. Quantitative data consist of self-reported questionnaire scores before and after the mural project. The data is analyzed to understand if there was a difference in leadership traits and skills before and after instruction. Data is also used to see which leadership traits and/ or skills, if any, were impacted. Findings in the study reveal differences in leadership skills before and after instruction. However, there was not a significant impact to leadership traits. Specific skills that improved include those that involve communication and working with others. I conclude that adolescent girls became more aware of communicating effectively, adapting ideas to others, and working with others after they finished the mural. Additionally participants were more open to sharing thoughts near the end of the project than at the start. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Art 2014

The influence of precipitation on runoff characteristics of tile drainage systems and nitrate concentrations in drainage water were evaluated in this thesis. The Jeninsky stream catchment is located at the foothill of Sumava Mountains near the border checkpoint Dolni Dvoriste. Extensive agriculture (pasture) is practised in the catchment as well as surrounding areas. Above mentioned evaluated characteristics were measured on two closure profiles of tile drained subcatchments. Discharges were measured continously, water quality was sampled forthnigtly. Evaluated hydrologic year 2007 was rich in rainfall {--} the precipitation amounted to 892 mm, which is classified as a wet year, despite of 41 days long dry period. Runoff characteristics don{\crq}t vary much in both subcatchments, due to similar area and land use on researched catchments. Long dry period did not cause zero discharges. The progress of nitrate concentrations in subcatchments is characterized by low variations in values. Relatively low values (90-percentil of nitrate concentrations in individual catchments belong to II. and III. class of water quality limits set by Czech legislative) occured in the catchment. These values correspond or slightly exceed values monitored on surrounding simirarly used areas, but are significantly lower than values monitored in areas, where intensive agriculture is practised. This confirms positive influence of grassing on nitrate pollution of drainage and surface water.

abstract: Choropleth maps are a common form of online cartographic visualization. They reveal patterns in spatial distributions of a variable by associating colors with data values measured at areal units. Although this capability of pattern revelation has popularized the use of choropleth maps, existing methods for their online delivery are limited in supporting dynamic map generation from large areal data. This limitation has become increasingly problematic in online choropleth mapping as access to small area statistics, such as high-resolution census data and real-time aggregates of geospatial data streams, has never been easier due to advances in geospatial web technologies. The current literature shows that the challenge of large areal data can be mitigated through tiled maps where pre-processed map data are hierarchically partitioned into tiny rectangular images or map chunks for efficient data transmission. Various approaches have emerged lately to enable this tile-based choropleth mapping, yet little empirical evidence exists on their ability to handle spatial data with large numbers of areal units, thus complicating technical decision making in the development of online choropleth mapping applications. To fill this knowledge gap, this dissertation study conducts a scalability evaluation of three tile-based methods discussed in the literature: raster, scalable vector graphics (SVG), and HTML5 Canvas. For the evaluation, the study develops two test applications, generates map tiles from five different boundaries of the United States, and measures the response times of the applications under multiple test operations. While specific to the experimental setups of the study, the evaluation results show that the raster method scales better across various types of user interaction than the other methods. Empirical evidence also points to the superior scalability of Canvas to SVG in dynamic rendering of vector tiles, but not necessarily for partial updates of the tiles. These findings indicate that the raster method is better suited for dynamic choropleth rendering from large areal data, while Canvas would be more suitable than SVG when such rendering frequently involves complete updates of vector shapes. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Geography 2013

Os ladrilhos hidráulicos são revestimentos produzidos utilizando aglomerante hidráulico, cuja tecnologia de produção não acompanhou a grande evolução tecnológica dos concretos, as disponibilidades de novos materiais e técnicas de utilização ocorrentes nos últimos anos, sendo assim esses revestimentos perderam espaço e competitividade no mercado pela característica artesanal de sua produção. O trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver uma argamassa para produção de ladrilhos hidráulicos utilizando a tecnologia utilizada na produção de concretos de alto desempenho. Os agregados foram selecionados e compostos utilizando diferentes técnicas de empacotamento de partículas, essas técnicas foram implementadas experimentalmente e seus resultados foram analisados e comparados através da medida de massa unitária no estado compactado seco. Os aglomerantes foram selecionados de forma a atender a utilização de pigmentos claros e escuros necessários para a produção de ladrilhos hidráulicos decorativos, assim foram elaboradas duas diferentes composições de aglomerantes, a primeira com cimento Portland branco estrutural e metacaulinita branca, e a segunda com cimento Portland de alta resistência inicial resistente a sulfatos e sílica ativa de ferro-silício. Diferentes aditivos superplastificantes foram testados, sendo a medida de compatibilidade com os aglomerantes e a determinação dos teores ideais a serem utilizados com cada tipo de aglomerantes realizadas através da medida de consistência em mesa cadente. A avaliação das argamassas desenvolvidas para produção dos ladrilhos hidráulicos foi realizada através dos ensaios de compressão axial simples, tração na compressão diametral, e determinação do módulo de elasticidade. Os ladrilhos hidráulicos foram produzidos em fôrmas previamente elaboradas e moldados com auxílio de vibração, após desmoldagem e cura foram avaliados através dos ensaios de módulo de flexão, desgaste por abrasão, absorção de água, retração por secagem, ação química, e determinação das variações de dimensões em diferentes tempos de cura. Após elaboração, produção e avaliação dos ladrilhos hidráulicos, também foram realizados alguns testes práticos, e avaliados os custos dos materiais para produção desses revestimentos, como parte de um estudo para implementação da produção desses elementos em escala industrial. Os ladrilhos hidráulicos desenvolvidos apresentaram alto desempenho nas características avaliadas, com resistência à compressão axial simples de até 143 MPa e absorção de água próxima a 1%, também apresentando viabilidade de produção. / The hydraulic tiles are coverings produced by using hydraulic binders, whose production technology has not follow the great technological evolution of the concretes, the availabilities of new materials and the usual techniques in recent years, thus they have lost space and competition in the market due to their handicraft characteristic of production. This work had the objective to develop a mortar for production of hydraulic tiles using high performance concrete production technology. The aggregates were selected and proportioned using different techniques of particle packing, these techniques were implemented experimentally and their results were analyzed and compared through the measurement of the unit weight by rodding. The binders were selected to be used with clear and dark pigment necessity for production of decorative hydraulic tiles, thus two different mixture proportions of binders were elaborated, the first with structural white Portland cement and white metakaulin, and the second with high initial strength Portland cement resistant to sulphate and ferrosilicon silica fume. Different superplasticizer additives were tested, being the measure of compatibility with the binders and the determination of ideal proportions to be used with each type of binders measured in flow table consistency test. The evaluation of mortars developed for hydraulic tiles production was carried out by simple axial compression test, cylinder splitting test, and elastic modulus determination test. The hydraulic tiles were produced in a previously elaborated mould and molded by vibration, after dismoulding and cure were evaluated by flexural modulus test, wear by abrasion test, water absorption test, drying shrinkage test, chemical action test, and determination of the dimensions variations in different times of cure. After hydraulic tiles elaboration, production and evaluation, also were made some practical tests, and evaluated the material costs for production of these coverings, as part of an implementation study for production of these elements in industrial scale. The developed hydraulic tiles showed high performance in the evaluated characteristics, with simple axial compression strength until 143 MPa and water absorption about 1%, also showed production viability.

Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2016-06-27T17:24:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação_Maria Victória Leal de Almeida Nacimento (2016).pdf: 1980230 bytes, checksum: eef736353b0156d4355d07d1b2ad6f70 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-27T17:24:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação_Maria Victória Leal de Almeida Nacimento (2016).pdf: 1980230 bytes, checksum: eef736353b0156d4355d07d1b2ad6f70 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-16 / A utilização de resíduos em materiais cimentícios, tem sido desenvolvida para melhorar a qualidade ambiental, diminuindo os resíduos gerados. O RPP é um resíduo industrial produzido em grande escala pela indústria cerâmica, ele foi utilizado nesse trabalho sendo incorporado em blocos intertravados de concreto. Os blocos intertravados de concreto foram escolhidos dentre os materiais cimentícios, por não ter sua trabalhabilidade comprometida, quando se trata de adicionar um material pulverulento, pois é produzido por vibro-compressão. Foi realizada a otimização do empacotamento dos agregados, para a produção dos blocos intertravados de concreto, através de método matemático. Também foi otimizada, através de método experimental a relação água/cimento. O traço de referência, encontrado após as otimizações, foi 1: 2,68: 2,32 (cimento: areia: pedrisco), com relação água/cimento de 0,45, atendeu as especificações da NBR 9781 (ABNT, 2013), com relação a resistência à compressão. A partir do traço de referência foi realizado o empacotamento matemático para a incorporação do RPP. O resíduo foi considerado como agregado no empacotamento, ele foi incorporado nas seguintes porcentagens: 3% de RPP, 6% de RPP, 9% de RPP, e 12% de RPP, afim de avaliar a influência do resíduo nos blocos intertravados de concreto, nas propriedades do estado endurecido. A presença do RPP, reduziu a absorção de água tendendo a trazer para o admitido pela NBR 9781 (ABNT, 2013), manteve a resistência a abrasão de acordo com as especificações da NBR 9781 (ABNT, 2013), embora tenha prejudicado a resistência a compressão, sendo promissor a sua utilização, em blocos intertravados de concreto, em situações onde não há tráfego de veículos, como em: passeios públicos, praças, parques infantis, áreas que necessitem de drenagem. O traço com a incorporação do resíduo, que de uma forma geral obteve os resultados mais satisfatórios foi o traço 2 (3% RPP), que apesar da resistência à compressão média ter sido de 14,26 MPa menor que o especificado pela norma, apresentou uma taxa de absorção média de 6,60%, e em relação a resistência à abrasão apresentou uma cavidade média de 17,50 mm. / To incorporate residues in cimentitious materials has been developed to improve the environmental quality, reducing the amount of disposed residues. The ceramic porcelain industry generates a large amount of porcelain tile polishing residue. This work proposes to incorporate this tile polishing residue in concrete interlocking blocks. The concrete interlocking blocks were chosen due to the addition of a powder material not prejudice their workability, once they are molded by vibrocompression. It was determined the best packaging by a mathematical method. The water-cement ratio was also optimized by the experimental method. The achieved reference mix proportion after all optimizations was 1:2.68:2.32 (cement: sand: gravel) with ratio water-cement ratio 0.45. The compressive strength of the reference mix proportion is according to the NBR 9781 (ABNT, 2013). In the sequence, based on this reference mix, the incorporation of the residue was also mathematically optimized. The residue was considered as an aggregate on the packaging method. The residue was incorporated at the following percentages: 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% in order to evaluate its influence on the hardened state properties of the concrete interlocking blocks. The presence of the tile polishing residue reduces the water absorption, tending to bring the values to the admitted one by the NBR 9781. The abrasion resistance was in agreement with the NBR 9781 (ABNT, 2013). However, the compressive resistance was reduced, limiting the applications of the concrete interlocking blocks with the addition of tile polishing residue where there is no vehicle traffic, as in public footpaths, parks, playgrounds or areas requiring drainage. In a general way, the most satisfactory result among the evaluated mixes incorporating tile polishing residue was to the mix 2 (3% of residue). Despite the average compressive strength was 14.26 MPa lower than the specified by the standard, this mix presented the average absorption of 6.60% and 17.50 mm as a medium cavity liner in the abrasion resistance test.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-07-07T13:55:08Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Azulejos Portugueses dos Séculos XVII e XVIII em Pernambuco - Patologias e Caracterização Tecnológica. BDTD.pdf: 10379660 bytes, checksum: 1f03ff2520483b344dcdce49c9ef1fc2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T13:55:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Azulejos Portugueses dos Séculos XVII e XVIII em Pernambuco - Patologias e Caracterização Tecnológica. BDTD.pdf: 10379660 bytes, checksum: 1f03ff2520483b344dcdce49c9ef1fc2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-27 / CNPq / Em Pernambuco, azulejos portugueses dos séculos XVII e XVIII estão presentes em vinte edificações religiosas. Neste período, em Portugal, houve modificações na organização produtiva dos azulejos, objetivando adaptar-se às demandas de épocas distintas. Esta pesquisa busca compreender se tais modificações promoveram variações na caracterização tecnológica destes azulejos históricos. Foi realizado o levantamento de danos dos azulejos deste período, constatando-se uma baixa qualidade das peças pertencentes à primeira metade do século XVIII, em consequência da alta demanda existente. Os azulejos desta fase são os mais abundantes e apresentam os mais elevados índices de patologias, quando comparados às duas outras fases azulejares. Além da caracterização tecnológica através do levantamento de danos, amostras de azulejos setecentistas foram submetidos às análises química e mineralógica. Os ensaios de caracterização física são destrutíveis, e como as peças históricas não podem ser mutiladas, realizou-se a reprodução tecnológica do corpo cerâmico destas peças, com base na composição identificada através das análises e utilizando-se de técnicas da manufatura tradicional. A caracterização da tecnologia dos azulejos históricos realizada neste trabalho reforça os estudos no âmbito do conhecimento técnico do azulejo, fornecendo subsídios para profissionais da área de conservação do patrimônio material possam intervir com materiais e métodos adequados, preservando assim este bem cultural. / In Pernambuco, there are Portuguese tiles from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in twenty religious buildings. During this period, in Portugal, to meet the demands of different times, there were changes in the production process of these tiles. This research seeks the understanding of whether such changes cause variations in technological characterization of these historical tiles. A field research was conducted to analyze the damage in these Portuguese tiles, and there was noted that there is a low quality of parts belonging to the first half of the eighteenth century, because of the high demand existent in that period. The tiles of this period are the majority, and have the highest rates of damage compared to tiles from other two periods. Besides the technological characterization obtained through the field research, samples of these eighteenth-century tiles were submitted to chemical and mineralogical analyzes. Physical characterization tests are destructible and, as historical items cannot be damaged, a reproduction of the ceramic body of these parts had been performed, based on the identification of its composition and manufacturing techniques. The characterization of the technology of the historical tiles performed in this work reinforces the studies regarding the specialized knowledge of historical tiles, providing support to professionals of specialized areas to intervene with appropriate materials and methods, thus preserving this cultural asset.

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre as patologias do sistema revestimento cerâmico (SRC) a fim de contribuir com os estudos relacionados à temática. Além disso, buscou-se conhecer e analisar a realidade de um canteiro de obra de recuperação de fachadas com patologias no sistema de revestimento cerâmico e compreender como ocorre o processo de recuperação das mesmas. Este estudo foi dividido em duas etapas: uma revisão da literatura que procurou abranger o sistema revestimento cerâmico e as patologias do sistema revestimento cerâmico e uma pesquisa de campo que optou por realizar um estudo de caso em três edifícios, revestidos com cerâmica, localizados na cidade de Piracicaba, São Paulo. Os estudos de caso evidenciam a produção bibliográfica consultada. Nos três casos analisados ficou evidente a falta de formação dos profissionais envolvidos, faltando-lhes conhecimento aprofundado das patologias recorrentes e do entendimento de que o revestimento cerâmico constitui um sistema. O trabalho se refere a todos os profissionais que fazem parte da cadeia produtiva do setor, formada por fabricantes de placas cerâmicas, argamassas e rejuntes, projetistas-especificadores, engenheiros, arquitetos, mestres de obra e assentadores. Esta constatação comprova ser necessário investir na formação profissional e criar condições de qualificar os profissionais envolvidos para minimizar a quantidade de patologias relacionadas ao sistema de revestimento cerâmico e, especificamente, ao sistema de revestimento cerâmico de fachada. / The present research aims to review the current literature on ceramic tile system pathologies, with the intention to contribute with studies related to the theme. In order to do this, the work sought to understand and to analyses the reality of a specific site of ceramic tile facade recuperation. The work is divided in two parts. The first is a review of the literature on ceramic tile system pathologies. The second is based on field research of three case studies of buildings located in Piracicaba, São Paulo, all of which confirm the trends appointed by the literature review. In all case studies it can be noticed that professionals involved lack the proper knowledge of the most common pathologies and of the ceramic tiling as a system. The research comprehends all professionals present in the industry and along the chain of production for ceramic tiling: producers of dry-set mortar, ceramic tile and ceramic tile grouts, designers, architects, engineers, construction workers. This has confirmed that it is necessary to invest in a qualified professional education, so as to reduce pathologies related to the ceramic tile system and, specifically, ceramic tiled building facades.