This paper deals with the relatively new business model for digital games called Free toPlay and how aspects of that business model can affect the players gaming experience. Thestudy is done through user studies with the use of interviews, observations and diaries. Forour analysis of the data we’ve looked for themes and then categorized the data intoelements from the CEGE Model by E.H Cavillo-Gámez et al. that we use to measure howFree to Play affects the Core Elements of the Gaming Experience. The paper concludes thatwhen measuring gaming experience and business model together one might have to add asub-element that represents the business model, which can affect the elements all togetheror one by one.

Det här examensarbetet utfördes från februari till mitten av april, våren 2010 på företaget Junebud. Jag arbetade efter hypotesen att en stark närvaro på sociala medier har en positiv effekt på aktiviteten på spelets hemsida samt för att få nya spelare att hitta till spelet. Spelet som marknadsfördes heter MilMo och är ett socialt massivt multiplayer spel för barn och ungdomar, som är gratis att spela. Om spelaren vill få tillgång till extra material kan han/hon betala en mindre summa pengar men något köptvång föreligger ej för att endast spela. För att genomföra marknadsföringen på de sociala medierna valdes fyra stycken nätverk på Internet ut; Facebook, Deviantart, MySpace och Youtube. Det som skapades var en fangrupp, en sida för konst, en profilsida och en kort film som visar spelet. Till detta kom även tre stycken nyhetsbrev, att strukturera upp och underhålla ett forum för spelare samt att emaila traditionella medier som nyhetssidor om spel och se vilken effekt det fick. Resultatet visar att många företag idag har en profil på sociala medier, men att de ofta bäst utgör ett komplement till produktens egen hemsida. Det som drev upp spelaraktiviteten mest var omnämnande på externa sidor om spel, samt det första nyhetsbrevet ut till spelarna

<p>Det här examensarbetet utfördes från februari till mitten av april, våren 2010 på företaget Junebud. Jag arbetade efter hypotesen att en stark närvaro på sociala medier har en positiv effekt på aktiviteten på spelets hemsida samt för att få nya spelare att hitta till spelet. Spelet som marknadsfördes heter MilMo och är ett socialt massivt multiplayer spel för barn och ungdomar, som är gratis att spela. Om spelaren vill få tillgång till extra material kan han/hon betala en mindre summa pengar men något köptvång föreligger ej för att endast spela. För att genomföra marknadsföringen på de sociala medierna valdes fyra stycken nätverk på Internet ut; Facebook, Deviantart, MySpace och Youtube. Det som skapades var en fangrupp, en sida för konst, en profilsida och en kort film som visar spelet. Till detta kom även tre stycken nyhetsbrev, att strukturera upp och underhålla ett forum för spelare samt att emaila traditionella medier som nyhetssidor om spel och se vilken effekt det fick. Resultatet visar att många företag idag har en profil på sociala medier, men att de ofta bäst utgör ett komplement till produktens egen hemsida. Det som drev upp spelaraktiviteten mest var omnämnande på externa sidor om spel, samt det första nyhetsbrevet ut till spelarna</p>

Masters of Science - Msc (Physiotherapy) / Concussion is one of the most common injuries in contact sports such as rugby and hockey. Concussion awareness has dramatically increased over the last 20 years. Concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury that often gets overlooked but can be fatal if not taken seriously. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of concussion is vital for safely integrating a player back into sport. Return to play guidelines serves to ensure the safety of the players. Even though a few studies have investigated the knowledge of concussion and the return to play guidelines amongst therapists, there are no South African studies focusing on high school rugby and hockey players.

Objective: To determine the change in HRV in concussed varsity athletes from baseline to post-injury to return to play. Design: Quasi-experimental, repeated measures design. Participants: five male varsity athletes four rugby, one basketball (mean age 19.6 ± 1.52 years), number of previous concussion 1.6 ± 0.55. Measurements: HR & HRV frequency domain (LF n.u., HF n.u., LF/HF ratio, Total Power) & Heart rate (bpm) during both seated rest and steady state exercise using a stationary cycle. Results: Repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant difference between baseline (pre- injury) resting heart rate and first post-injury assessment resting heart rate (p=0.037). Resting Total Power was significantly different between baseline (pre-injury) and first post-injury assessment (p=0.044) and between first post-injury and second post-injury assessment (p=0.010). No statistical significant differences in any variables were found during exercise, however the trends in the changes of HRV were similar to other research studies and could be of clinical importance. Conclusion: Athletes display dysfunction in neuroautonomic cardiovascular regulation post-concussion as seen with changes in HRV. Findings of this study warrant further investigation into the use of HRV as a marker of concussion and concussion recovery. / Graduate

Abstract Background: Soccer includes quick turns, jumps and decelerations, which entails an increased risk of injury. Women are exposed to more long-term injuries than men. Physiotherapists who work with injury management and return to play need to take account factors from a biopsychosocial perspective. Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore physiotherapist's experiences of working with injury management and returning to play in Damallsvenskan, after common injuries in soccer. Method: A descriptive qualitative study based on five semi-structured interviews was applied. The content of the interviews was analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Results: The results show that physiotherapist´s in Damallsvenskan experience that good communication between affected parties facilitates the work with injury management. The work includes considering risks, working with mental barriers and helping the player to be physically ready for recovery by treating the damaged tissue. Physiotherapists experience that different resources affect injury management. Conclusion: The physiotherapists describe how an important part of the work is to help the player to become physically ready for recovery by treating the tissue and working with mental barriers. Good communication facilitates cooperation within the team. The pressure to get players ready for a match in a short time includes considerations of risks, which is affected by work experience. Physiotherapists in Damallsvenskan experience that resources affect injury management. Furthermore, quantitative research should focus on whether an increased presence of physiotherapists in Damallsvenskan can reduce the risk of players injuring themselves again. / Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Fotboll inkluderar snabba vändningar, hopp och inbromsningar, vilket medför en ökad risk för skador. Kvinnor utsätts för mer långvariga skador än män. Fysioterapeuter som arbetar med skadehantering och återgång till spel behöver ta hänsyn till faktorer ur ett biopsykosocialt perspektiv.  Syfte: Syftet med studien är att belysa fysioterapeuters upplevelser och erfarenheter av att arbeta med skadehantering och återgång till spel i Damallsvenskan, efter vanligt förekommande skador i fotboll. Metod: Studien är en deskriptiv kvalitativ studie baserad på fem semistrukturerade intervjuer. Innehållet i intervjuerna analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet visar att fysioterapeuter i Damallsvenskan upplever att en god kommunikation mellan berörda parter underlättar arbetet med skadehantering. Arbetet inkluderar övervägande av risker, arbete med mentala hinder och hjälpa spelaren att bli kroppsligt redo för återgång, genom att behandla den skadade vävnaden. Fysioterapeuterna upplever att olika resurser påverkar skadehanteringen.  Konklusion: Fysioterapeuterna beskriver hur en viktig del av arbetet är hjälpa spelaren att bli kroppsligt redo för återgång genom att behandla vävnaden och arbeta med mentala hinder. En god kommunikation underlättar samarbetet inom teamet. Pressen att få spelare matchklara på kort tid inkluderar överväganden av risker, vilket påverkas av arbetslivserfarenhet. Fysioterapeuter i Damallsvenskan upplever att resurser påverkar skadehanteringen. Vidare bör kvantitativ forskning fokusera på om en ökad närvaro av fysioterapeuter i Damallsvenskan kan minska risken för spelare att åter skada sig.

Athletes participating in ice hockey are at a high risk of experiencing a concussion which can lead to impairments in cognitive functions. Deciding when a player can be returned to playing ice hockey is part of the concussion management called return to play (RTP). This can bebased on subjective or objective measures. Returning a concussed hockey player too soon can result in devastating consequences. This review aimed to investigate what objective measure could be used to assess a concussed player. It specifically focused on Immediate Post Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) and a cognitive motor integration (CMI) performance task. It was hypothesized that by combining the two could contribute to an optimal objective assessment and be used as accurate indicators in the RTP decision. This review involved searches from PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science which resulted in a total of four articles. The amount of articles was a big limitation. Main findings are that concussed participants showed decreased cognitive performance relative to baseline despite subjectively reporting being symptom free. Findings in this review suggest that adding a CMI performance task to the ImPACT test battery could be a way to objectively catch several composites incognitive recovery including tasks that require higher levels of cognitive functioning. Administering an assessment based on two objective measures could add accuracy and contribute to a safe RTP not risking a second impact syndrome or prolonged cognitive impairments.

Concussion is a popular clinical topic that has been the subject of unprecedented recent media coverage. As concerns about the potential short- and long-term implications of repetitive head injury in sports such as football continue to mount, the proper clinical management of concussion seems to increase in importance. The days of ignoring the ''ding'' on the sideline are definitely over. A series of updated clinical evaluation and management recommendations from international experts are highlighted in this review. The clinical presentation of an acute concussion, both the typical and more subtle variations, may be evaluated with new validated sideline evaluation tools (eg, Sports Concussion Assessment Tool 2). In addition, the role of computerized neuropsychological and balance testing in the acute and ongoing evaluation are discussed, along with how they contribute to the return-to-play decision. Same-day return to play is outdated, and the relative insensitivity of current neuroimaging modalities to demonstrate structural damage is highlighted. New therapeutic interventions such as amantadine and cognitive rest may improve recovery time. The appropriate management of concussion typically results in a normal functional and neurocognitive outcome. The recommendations in this article may guide clinicians, with varying degrees of prior experience managing concussion, to increase the likelihood of an excellent outcome.

This thesis investigates the game mechanics utilized in popular free-to-play games and how these mechanics can be used within a gamified system to attempt to affect student retention at higher educational institutes. Free-to-play has become a highly popular revenue model within the game development industry due its ability to attract a larger player base.Several games were chosen for analysis and a game design document was created based upon the findings within this analysis. An application was then developed and used in a case study to evaluate the design. Results found that implementing successful mechanics into a gamified system could positively affect the motivational levels of students.

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