published_or_final_version / Business Administration / Master / Master of Business Administration

published_or_final_version / Business Administration / Master / Master of Business Administration

published_or_final_version / Housing Management / Master / Master of Housing Management

published_or_final_version / Housing Management / Master / Master of Housing Management

<p>This doctoral thesis focuses on translating Total Quality Management (TQM). The reason for this focus is that ideas such as TQM rarely or never contain a complete description of how the idea is to be “installed” in an organisation if it is to achieve the intended result. This often has the consequence that the result the idea is expected to produce in the organisation is only achieved in part, if at all. In Sweden there has been a great interest in working with the SIQ Model for Performance Excellence. In the thesis the model is viewed as an operationalisation of the TQM concept.</p><p>The theoretical perspective of sensemaking is applied to understand what happens when organisations begin to use the model. This work is in the thesis seen as a translation process and contrasts the rational view of implementation. The sensemaking perspective rests on a social constructionist viewpoint, which distinguishes it from the view that TQM has on organisations. The study is placed in the interpretative paradigm and two service organisations in public sector have been studied with a longitudinal design.</p><p>The main contribution of the study is a new way of looking at the work with the model. Thus, the interpretations could be seen as aspects, which together present a detailed description of the translation process. These aspects are, in summary, a way of looking upon and understanding:</p><p>• the translation process as a number of parallel and reciprocal processes</p><p>• the role of the translators</p><p>• the relationship between translators and top management</p><p>• the contextual prerequisites of the translation process.</p><p>In addition to this, the thesis can work as a driving force towards a more constructive and critical attitude among practitioner of TQM. The somewhat seductive rhetoric and the risk to work with the model without an apparent intention are highlighted in the study. It seems that the model in itself can lead to collective sensemaking that gets the work done without discussing the intention. In light of the interpretations it becomes clear that working with the model is a relatively complicated process. Many of the failed attempts to reach excellence could be explained by unrealistic expectations of the character and requirement of the work. In the thesis, the translator has been introduced as a counterbalance that possibly could help dealing with the complexity of TQM.</p>

<p>Syfte: Uppsatsens syfte är att analysera i vilken utsträckning Kaizen tillämpas i det kvalitetsarbete som bedrivs på Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Capio S:t Görans Sjukhus samt Danderyds Sjukhus AB.</p><p>Metod: En fallstudie har utförts vid tre sjukhusen i Stockholmsregionen. Primär- och sekundärdata har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer respektive litteratur, rapporter, artiklar och elektroniska källor.</p><p>Teori: Kaizen är ett synsätt som sätter människan i fokus och arbetar utefter ständigt förbättringsarbete med kundfokusering som högsta prioritet. TQM är en filosofi samt innefattar vägledande principer som innebär att arbeta aktivt med kvalitetsfrågor. Strukturerade modeller används till hjälp för utförandet av förbättringsarbetet. Processorientering innebär att personal från olika funktioner arbetar med flöden kopplat till en speciell produkt eller kund, där effekten blir att optimera flödena istället för funktionerna.</p><p>Empiri: Empirin belyser de tre sjukhusens organisationsstruktur samt en faktabeskrivning om sjukhusens respektive kvalitetsarbeten. Resultatet som framkommer redogör i vilken utsträckning sjukhusen applicerar Kaizen i sitt arbete.</p><p>Slutsats: Samtliga av sjukhusen bedriver kvalitetsarbeten som har starka likheter med vad Kaizenfilosofin förespråkar. Sjukhusen anser även att det är viktigt att ta till vara på personalens kompetens och stimulera engagemang och utveckling i deras arbete. Genom att verka för att hela verksamheten är involverad i kvalitetsarbetet ökar det möjligheten till ett bestående resultat.</p>

The purpose of the analysis was to realise potential areas for improvement within the Production Services department. Sources of inefficiency within the Reporting System were identified to support recommendations for the rationalisation, streamlining and alignment of processes. Lean philosophies and Total Quality Management techniques were reviewed to gain an understanding of applicability to Production Services. Evaluation through Value Stream Mapping determined a reporting process efficiency of 71% and two supplementary waste types were recognised in addition to the standard seven wastes of lean processes. The root cause of inefficiency and waste was investigated further with the 5 Whys Technique. A benchmark was established through reviewing industry based literature and conducting comparative studies of both like and unlike departments. Participant and non-participant naturalistic observation techniques were employed to collect a balanced data set for value stream analysis. Variable environmental factors were recognised to moderate results from direct analysis of the reporting system. Dissimilar political, economic, sociocultural, technological and legal factors were considered during comparison and benchmark. The findings in this report provide evidence of issues that should be addressed for the continuous improvement of both the reporting system, and the department. These have been provided for the consideration of Shell Todd Oil Services Limited Production Services and Logistics Manager.

Visuotinė kokybės vadyba (VKV) yra tarsi vadybos filosofija, kuri grindžiama nuolatiniu visų sistemos elementų, posistemių ir jų ryšių tobulinimu. VKV yra palyginti nauja vadybos koncepcija, kuri remiasi pažangiais teoriniais bei praktiniais metodais. Ją sąlyginai galima vadinti visų vadybos mokslų sudėtine dalimi. Pagrindiniai visuotinės kokybės vadybos sistemos taikymo motyvai yra siekis užtikrinti nuolatinę gamybos kokybę, išlaikyti ar padidinti rinkos dalį, pagerinti organizacijos įvaizdį. Šio darbo tikslas yra aptarti VKV formavimo, plėtros galimybes, problemas organizacijoje bei jų poveikį organizacijos pagrindiniams tikslams bei veiklos rodikliams. Apžvelgti kokybės vadybos sistemų diegimo dinamiką. Ištirti, kaip efektyviai įgyvendinama visuotinės kokybės vadyba veikia ją įgyvendinančių pelno siekiančių Lietuvos organizacijų rezultatus. Darbą sudaro turinys, lentelių ir paveikslų sąrašas, įvadas, teorinė dalis, analitinė dalis, rezultatų dalis, išvados ir pasiūlymai bei mokslinės literatūros ir internetinių šaltinių sąrašas. Papildoma informacija pateikiama viename priede. Iš viso darbą sudaro 70 puslapių, kuriuose pateikta 33 paveikslai ir 11 lentelių. / Total quality management (TQM) is the subject that goes far beyond the traditional pursuit of quality, and embraces literally all operations at every level and in all functions of organization. It is a very powerful, management directed philosophy and system of conducting business. The purpose of this paper is to discus total quality management system its origination and development stages. The fundamental functions of TQM were determined, tools and techniques were also discussed. TQM impact on organizations performance was analyzed. Also the evaluation weather analyzed TQM system is useful for organizations in terms of financial benefits was made. Questionnaire survey was used to determinate motives, benefits and costs of TQM implementation. Methods used: Analysis of scientific literature, periodical publications and statistical data, comparative analysis of organizations financial data, structural questionnaire survey. Work structure: The paper consists of introduction, 3 parts and conclusions. The main part is described in 70 pages, including 11 tables of figures and 33 pictures.

Thesis (D.Tech.: Education)-School of Education, Durban University of Technology, 2008. x, 257 leaves / Educational institutions are pursuing quality improvement for various reasons. A great deal of literature on staff evaluation covering a wide spectrum of fields such as industry and commerce, including schools, has been produced and it generally identifies three main purposes of quality evaluation. Firstly, evaluation is conducted to review performance, identifying strengths and weaknesses. Secondly, it provides information about the service in order to improve the quality of the service and to demonstrate accountability. Thirdly, evaluation is aimed at encouraging personal and professional development. This study analyses the Integrated Quality Management System (IQMS), an evaluation system which was implemented in South African public schools in 2005. The IQMS is a clear reaction to the autocratic mode of evaluation that operated during the apartheid era and is a major shift from the old paradigm of external evaluators. The new paradigm calls for a joint collaboration between schools, districts and supervisory units with the overall aim of enhancing the quality of education in South Africa, in addition to addressing the inequities and injustices of the past. Since its introduction, very little empirical research has been carried out to establish whether the IQMS model addresses that which it was intended to. This thesis evaluates the extent to which the IQMS is perceived to have enhanced individual development and ensured improvements in teaching and learning. / D

In his seminal work, Out of the Crisis, W. Edwards Deming provided American corporations with a direction and method for improving both man and machine in an effort to transform the way in which these corporations performed and managed both service and industry functions. His ideas for statistical control have taken hold within the workplace and are becoming increasingly popular among managers and corporate executives who are intent on improving the bottom line. However, most companies have limited their incorporation of Deming's methods and failed to include Deming's approach to improved leadership and employee involvement. This study will review the human aspects of Deming's ideas and their convergence with an existing theory on employee engagement. Additionally, the impacts of employee engagement will be reviewed to better understand the potential gains that may be had by corporations when they implement Deming's Total Quality Management to the extent that he originally intended. / Contract number: N62271-97-G-0059