This work focuses on path planning for an autonomous UAV to tour and cover multiple regions in the shortest time. The three challenges to be solved are - finding the right optimal order to tour the neighborhoods, determining entry and exit points to neighborhoods, and covering each neighborhood. Two approaches have been explored and compared to achieve this goal - a TSP - Greedy and TSP - Dijkstra's. Both of them use a TSP solution to determine the optimal order of touring. They also use the same back and forth motion to cover each region. However, while the first approach uses a brute force to determine the the next closest node of entry or exit, the second approach utilizes the Dijkstra's algorithm to compute all possible paths to every node in the graph, and therefore choose the shortest pairs of entry and exit for each region, that would generate the shorter path, overall. The main contribution of this work is to implement an existing algorithm to combine the touring and covering problem, and propose a new algorithm to perform the same. Empirical results comparing performances of both approaches are included. Hardware experiments are performed on a spraying hexacopter, using the TSP - Greedy approach. Unique system characteristics are studied to make conclusions about stability of the platform. Future directions are identified to improve both software and hardware performance. / Master of Science / In a world with a rapidly growing population and resources depleting faster, increasing efficiency and productivity has become paramount. Until now, automation has helped cope with the world’s increasing demand for food. However, studies have shown that automation in itself will be insufficient in improving crop output in the coming years. Fortunately, another technology that is taking big leaps in terms of technological advances - Information Technology, when combined with automation, presents itself as a viable option. This takes agriculture towards a site-specific approach for all crop monitoring, growth and protection activities and is know as Precision Agriculture. Spraying fluids on crops using a UAV is on of the prominent problems being researched in this field. This work presents two approaches - TSP - Greedy and TSP - Dijkstra’s to tour or visit and spray multiple regions that have been previously identified in the shortest time. While the TSP - Greedy algorithm is an implementation of an existing approach, the TSP - Dijkstra’s algorithm is a new approach proposed in this work. The solution to TSP or Traveling Salesman Problem generates the optimal order to visit the regions. The ’Greedy’ or ’Dijsktra’s’ approaches define entry and exit points for each region, that gives the shortest path overall. Images of areas with weed afflicted regions marked on them are used as the input for this algorithm. The TSP-Greedy approach is used in performing hardware experiments. Data collected from these experiments are used to analyze performance of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) platform. Water has been used as the spraying fluid for testing the sprayer assembly. GPS or Global Positioning System is used for navigation of the UAV. Future directions are identified to improve both software and hardware performance.

This thesis is focused on aspects of mountains activities as a ski touring, hiking and mountaineering. This field of sports are associated with the risk of altitude sickness. The thesis examines key parameters that contribute to the emergence of altitude sickness. The other examinees parameters are weather conditions, influence of high altitude, physical training and physiological manifestations of individual person. The aim of this thesis was find out which sports are the most affected by high altitude sickness. And what are the most common symptoms of altitude sickness. It was based on the literature and questionnaire.

The purpose of the study was to (1) identify pedagogical touring competencies needed by volunteer docents in art museums, (2) catalog the competency statements into major competency categories, (3) validate the list of competency statements, and (4) compare priority designations awarded each statement by the individuals within the two major subgroups: museum staff and volunteer docents. In conclusion, many of the needs represented by the highest ranking competencies in each category are seldom addressed in the traditional volunteer docent training program. This study showed that abilities to help the child feel comfortable in the museum and combinations of abilities to help the docent make judgments regarding the presentation of the material require attention and, at the very least , special training. It is recommended that training personnel in art museums identify the needs of volunteer trainees and design training programs less on traditional guidelines and more on the specific needs appropriate to the task.

This paper evaluates the benefits of investments in cycling infrastructure for regional development. The case study deals with socio-economic impacts of cycling transport infrastructure built for the Orlicko-Třebovsko region. The main thesis does not assume profitability of such investments in socio-economic realm of the region. Overall societal benefit has been assessed through the cost-benefit analysis. Individual elements of the analysis are focused on short-term, long-term, direct and indirect effects for the development of the region. The benefits are to be found in connection with implementation, management and operation of the project as well as transport sector, services sector and recreation. Specific positive effects take mainly the form of business sales, employment and savings for the population. The analysis has taken note of certain positive effect that is nevertheless economically inadequate to the amount of initial investment. Therefore in this case cycling transport infrastructure proved to be ineffective tool of regional development.

The adaptation of Shakespeare’s plays in England continues to be complicated by his canonical status. This has led to the authority and value of productions of Shakespeare’s plays being assessed in terms of their fidelity or otherwise to the text, original performance conditions, and even Shakespeare’s intentions. The growing influence of performance studies offers a new way examine adaptations by focusing on adaptation as a creative process as well as a product. This opens up opportunities to examine how such ideological constructions of Shakespeare’s textual authority impact on the adaptation process. Whilst productions of Shakespeare’s plays by national, building-based companies such as the RSC and Shakespeare’s Globe have received considerable analysis, those created by small, touring companies are less frequently considered. These small, non building-based companies have developed distinctive interdisciplinary artistic practices informed by creating and adapting a wide range of work for touring. This makes how such companies negotiate the dominant ideologies and dramatic conventions associated with performing Shakespeare in England at the beginning of the 21st century of particular interest. Employing textual and performance analysis, interviews with the adapters, and reference to reviews, this thesis examines the observable effects of constraints on three adaptations, understood here in both semantic senses as process and product. In doing so, it asks what are the observable effects of constraints on adaptation by the selected English touring companies, and how do these constraints interact with each company’s aesthetic approach to create meaning?

This graduation theses describe outdoor activities in the area of Rožmberk and Vyšší Brod and their influence upon development of regional tourism. This work values an offer and an level of outdoor activities and of accompanying services in the area. This work shows significance of these activities for development of regional tourism. This work gives notice of offer of services and of visit rate.

Denna projektrapport beskriver arbetet med att utveckla en broms som tillbehör till företaget Jemtlanders fjällpulka. Syftet med projektet var att ge så stor kundnytta som möjligt, vilket skulle uppnås genom ett pulkatillbehör som hjälpte användaren att bromsa i utförsåkning. Produktutvecklingsarbetet skulle i förlängningen göra utförsåkning säkrare för företagets pulkaanvändande kunder. Målen var att över en tio veckor lång period leda ett produktutvecklingsarbete från fasen förstudie, via konceptgenerering och detaljkonstruktion, fram till en prototyp. Det levererade resultatet skulle ta hänsyn till användares åsikter och behov genom bland annat en studie där befintliga användare fick dela både sina förväntningar och synpunkter på en tidig funktionsprototyp. Arbetet genererade en detaljerad produkt-beskrivning, en tillverkad prototyp och ett underlag för att ta vidare produkten till de slutgiltiga faserna i produktutvecklingsprocessen. Arbetet lade stor tyngd på prototyper och fälttester. Resultatet presenterade ett produktkoncept som kunde uppfylla önskade kriterier inklusive de som studien med användare adderade. Bromsen utformades som en vickande ram monterad på framsidan av pulkans skrov. När pulkan åker i kapp användaren skapas en tryckande kraft genom skaklarna. Den kraften får bromsramen att rotera då den fäster i pulkan och skaklarna på två parallella gångjärnsleder. På nedsidan av ramen sticker armar ut som når ner i snön vid rotationen och bromsar. Genom linor som löper längs skaklarna mellan pulka och användare kan ramens bromskraft enkelt styras. Produktutvecklingsprocessen ledde arbetet till ett resultat som uppfyllde målen genom en utvecklad produkt och en tillverkad första prototyp redo att testas i fält. / This project report presents the work of developing a brake as an accessory to the company Jemtlander's pulk system. The purpose of the project was to provide as much customer value as possible, which would be achieved through a sled accessory that helped the user to brake when downhill skiing. The product development work would in the long run make downhill skiing safer for the company's sled-using customers. The goals were to lead a product development work from a pre-study phase over a ten-week period, via concept generation and detailed design to a prototype. The delivered result took into account the users' opinions and needs through, among other things, a study in which a group of existing users shared both their expectations and views on an early functional prototype.  The project generated a detailed product description, a manufactured prototype and a basis for taking the product to the final phases of the product development process.  The work placed great emphasis on prototypes and field tests. The results presented a product concept that could meet desired criteria including the needs that the study with regular users added. The brake was designed as a rocking frame mounted on the front of the sled's hull. When the sled catches up with the user, a compressive force is created through the poles. The force causes the brake frame to rotate as it attaches to the sled and the poles on two different hinge joints. On the bottom part of the frame, braking arms protrude which reach down into the snow during rotation. Through ropes that run along the poles between the sled and the user, the braking force of the frame can be easily controlled.  The product development process led the work to a result that met the goals by a developed product and a manufactured first prototype ready to be tested in the field. / <p>Betyg 2021-08-09</p>

No description available.

Syftet med denna studie är att kartlägga organisationskultur inom folkrörelseorganisationer samt att undersöka dess eventuella förändringar under påverkan av kulturpolitiken. Denna studie tillämpar Geert Hofstedes teorier som behandlar olika nivåer och dimensioner av organisationskultur. Studien behandlar värderingar, ritualer, hjältar och symboler inom varje organisation i fråga i ett sammanhang av organisatoriska praktiker som meningsbärande kulturella uttryck. Studien har genomförts med ett kvalitativt angreppssätt där semistrukturerade intervjuer utförts med hjälp av ett bekvämlighetsrvalsstrategi. Datainsamlingen har genomförts genom personliga intervjuer med fyra medarbetare på två folkrörelseorganisationer i Stockholm d.v.s. ABF och Riksteatern. De valda Organisationerna är verksamma inom olika verksamhetsområde och respondenterna har jobbat i varierande positioner och har fleråriga arbetserfarenheter. Intervjuerna spelades in efter beviljat tillstånd och säkerställandet av respondenternas anonymitet. En innehållsanalys genomfördes efter transkribering av inspelat material i form av citat och egna tolkningar. Studien behandlar också en del sekundärdata i form av historisk information om folkrörelsernas samhälleliga rötter och utvecklingsprocess. Studien visar en ständigt pågående omorganiseringsprocess inom folkrörelseorganisationer vilket orsakat signifikanta förändringar inom folkrörelsernas organisationskultur. Konflikten mellan folkrörelsernas ideella logiker och kulturpolitikens kvalitetslogik uppträder i organisationskulturen på olika sätt. ABF:s kärnvärderingar nämligen hjälpsamhet, jämlikhet och högt arbetsengagemang anses vara mindre aktuella idag. Hjälpsamhet och jämlikhet ligger också till grund för Riksteaterns demokratiseringsverksamhet och anses fortfarande vara aktuella i organisationen. När det gäller ABF har vi funnit att organisationen har utvecklat en professionell och icke-normativ organisationskultur med stränga kontrollmekanismer och stor fokus på arbetsutförande och processansvar i ett slut organisationssystem. Stränga kontrollmekanismer anses vara ett resultat av kulturpolitikens krav på ökad internkontroll och kvalitetssäkring. Studien visar att Riksteatern har utvecklat en komplex mångsidig organisationskultur som finns i två sammanhängande lager. En lokal, personalinriktad och normativ arbetskrets som omger sig med professionella, resultatinriktade och pragmatiska medarbetare. Detta leder till en normativ organisationskultur som erbjuder pragmatiska lösningar i syfte att kunna leva upp till kulturdepartementets krav på hög kvalitet, resurseffektivitet och antalet besökare. Det finns en tendens mot professionalism och pragmatism inom båda organisationerna. Detta kan bero på att båda organisationerna är ekonomiskt beroende av statliga bidrag och därför ska leva upp till kulturpolitikens kvalitetskrav. Detta ledde också till svagt normativt engagemang och ett slags samhällelig passivitet. Vi har också funnit att betoningen på kvantitativ utvärdering inte är en fungerande strategi för utvärdering av ideell kulturverksamhet. Istället har detta orsakat paradoxala uppdrag och identitetsförvirring inom organisationerna enligt våra respondenter. / The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic description of the organizational culture in social movement organizations in Sweden and also to investigate its possible changes under the impact of cultural policy. The following study has been done using Geert Hofstede’s theories on different levels and dimensions of organizational culture. The study explores the organizational values, rituals, heroes and symbols in the context of organizational practices to be examined as meaningful cultural representations. This study has been done based on qualitative research method using semi-structured interviews and convenience sampling strategy for data collection. The data has been collected through personal interviews with four employees from two social movement organizations in Stockholm and from different areas of practice; The Swedish National Touring Theatre (Riksteatern) and The Workers’ Educational Association (ABF). The respondents have been working in variety of positions and have many years of experience. The interviews have been recorded as audio files after granting permission and ensuring the respondents’ anonymity to be preserved. A content analysis has been done following the transcription of the recorded material in the form of quotes and interpretations. Secondary data has been also used in the form of historical information regarding the origins of Swedish social movements and their development process. Our study shows that there is a constantly ongoing reorganization process in the Swedish social movements which has caused significant changes in the social movements’ organizational culture. The conflict between the logic of the social movements and the quality-oriented logic of the Swedish cultural policy emerges in the organizational culture in different ways. ABF’s core values such as benevolence, equality and high work engagement are considered to be less relevant in the current organizational culture. Benevolence and equality are also the core values of Riksteatern and are still considered to be relevant in the current organizational culture. When it comes to ABF, we have found that the organization has developed a professional and pragmatic organizational culture with strict control mechanisms and huge focus on task performance and processes in a closed-system organization. The strict control mechanisms are considered to be the result of the Swedish cultural policy’s requirements regarding internal control and quality assurance. The study shows that Riksteatern has developed a complex multidimensional organizational culture which exists in two interrelated layers. A local, employee-oriented and normative work circle surrounded by professional, result-oriented and pragmatic coworkers. This leads to a normative organizational culture which offers pragmatic solutions in order to be able to meet the ministry of culture’s requirements regarding high quality, resource efficiency and visitor numbers. There’s a tendency towards professionalism and pragmatism in both organizations. This might depend on the fact that both organizations are economically dependent to public funds and therefore are required to meet the cultural policy’s quality requirements. This leads also to a low normative engagement and societal passivity. We have also found that the emphasis on the quantitative evaluation ad revision is not an effective strategy to evaluate nonprofit cultural organization. Instead, this strategy has caused paradoxical missions and confusion regarding organizational identity, according to our respondents.

A seguinte pesquisa trata das origens e projetos arquitetônicos do Setor Cultural de Brasília e busca compreender os antagonismos e similitudes existentes entre o Plano Piloto realizado por Lucio Costa e as diversas propostas elaboradas por Oscar Niemeyer e outros arquitetos para o local, algumas das quais construídas e consolidadas. A Esplanada dos Ministérios em Brasília é o ponto mais representativo do urbanismo e arquitetura da cidade e após cinquenta e três anos da inauguração da capital o Setor Cultural é o único trecho da Esplanada ainda não executado plenamente. Essa situação associada ao tombamento do conjunto urbanístico de Brasília em 1991 e à portaria 314/92 que estabelece exclusividade de intervenção aos dois arquitetos autores de Brasília fortalece a preocupação entre arquitetos, cidadãos e Estado em conciliar os propósitos de Costa e Niemeyer. Apesar da referência afirmativa de ambos sobre o modelo progressista na idealização do plano urbanístico e ainda um consenso e maturação dos conceitos e críticas ao urbanismo moderno, associados a uma postura respeitosa dos arquitetos em relação aos precedentes arquitetônicos, há contradições explícitas entre projetos executados de Oscar Niemeyer e o plano-­‐piloto levando até hoje a diversos projetos inconclusos e à polêmicas discussões sobre o Setor. A compreensão do desenvolvimento desse processo resulta da análise crítica dos projetos concebidos confrontados ao Plano Piloto de Lucio Costa e seus precedentes históricos, além da organização do inventário de projetos para o setor. / This research deals with the origins and architectural projects of the Cultural Sector of Brasília and pursues to understand the antagonisms and similarities between the Pilot Plan conducted by Lucio Costa and the various proposals made by the architect Oscar Niemeyer and other architects to the site, many of them built and consolidated. The Esplanade of Ministries in Brasilia is the most representative site of the urbanism and architecture of the city and fifty-­‐three years after the foundation of the capital, the Cultural Sector is the only part of the Esplanade that has not yet completely implemented. This situation associated with the legally protection of the urban site of Brasilia sanctioned in 1991 and the decree number 314/92 establishing exclusivity of architectural intervention to the two authors of Brasilia signs the concern among architects, citizens and government to conciliate the purposes of Costa and Niemeyer. Despite the positive reference of both architects about progressive urbanism model in the idealization of the urban plan of Brasília and even a consensus and maturation of concepts and critiques of modern urbanism, associated with a respectful attitude towards the architectural precedents, there are explicit contradictions between projects executed by Oscar Niemeyer and the pilot plan designed by Lucio Costa that leave until today many unfinished projects and controversial discussions about the sector. The understanding of this process development results in the critical analysis of architectural projects confronted to the Pilot Plan of Lucio Costa and its historical precedents, beyond the inventory organization of the Cultural Sector projects.