Syftet med detta examensarbete är att utvärdera om simulering av flöden på en emballeringsavdelning kan vara till hjälp för att kunna planera in stopp av packmaskiner så att förebyggande underhåll kan utföras. Med hjälp av simulering har kölängder, kötider och beläggningsgrader hos emballeringsavdelningen kunnat predikteras. Genom att skapa olika hypotesgrundade scenarion i simuleringsmodellen har ett antal resultat genererats.Resultaten av simuleringarna har gett värdefull information till underhållsavdelningens planerare. Informationen bör kunna vara ett viktigt beslutsunderlag för att kunna avgöra vid vilka tillfällen som de planerade stoppen kommer att ge upphov till minst störning av driften. Arbetet har visat att simulering av flöden är ett bra hjälpmedel för att kunna planera in stopp för förebyggande underhåll.För att kunna uppfylla syftet har en simuleringsmodell skapats över emballeringsavdelningen. Genom studier av processer och genom informationshämtning från kunnig personal har en användbar modell kunnat skapas. Även studier av underhållsteorier och simuleringslitteratur har varit till hjälp för att kunna uppfylla syftet med detta examensarbete.De utförda analyserna bygger till stor del på rekommendationer hämtade från den simuleringslitteratur som studerats men även på tips och stöd från författarnas handledare som har lång erfarenhet inom området.

Abstract There are over 60 companies, which have had the experience in TPM implementation, but only 12 companies have got TPM Award until 2000. We may pose this issue, since they have the same TPM system and similar implementing structure/procedure or even the identical consultant, they have obtained total different result, what on earth it is? I attribute this different result to the incitement of teamwork, as well as different management style which may leads to the different achievement of TPM. Herewith, we will review firstly the theoretic character of TPM, and then study the theory of leadership, teamwork and synergy. After that, we will work out the inference of successful mode for the implementation of TPM. According to theoretic inference, a questionnaire was made, which had been listed questions on the basic information of company, the management style of key leader and promoting team of TPM. Above all, TPM performance is also included. This report will review all theoretic inference, and compare to the statistical result of questionnaire, which makes me organize a practical as well as successful mode, i.e. proper leadership and appropriate teamwork leads to high performance of TPM activity. Key Word: Total Productive Management (TPM), MP (Maintenance Prevention) Information, Management Style, Team Work and Synergy.

Rapporten handlar om att sätta upp en plan för implementering av ett mer strukturerat underhållsarbete på Valmet ABs gjuteri i Karlstad. Arbetet görs i kursen examensarbete för högskoleingenjörsexamen i maskinteknik på Karlstads universitet under våren 2014. Valmet har nyligen köpt upp gjuteriet på Lamberget i Karlstad. Där är det ett mycket eftersatt underhåll och finns i nuläget inte någon bra struktur på hur de arbetar med underhåll. Underhållsverksamheten är i behov av att systematiseras och integreras i Valmets övriga underhållsorganisation. Syftet med arbetet är således att utarbeta en plan för att strukturera underhållet på Valmets gjuteri i Karlstad. Arbetet är indelat i tre faser. - Nulägesanalys genom dels intervjuer av underhållspersonal samt kartläggning av utrustning - Skapa en målbild över hur man vill arbeta med underhåll, genom studiebesök hos andra liknande verksamheter, diskussioner med ledningen samt litteraturstudier. - Upprättande av plan för hur man ska ta sig dit. Vilka aktiviteter som skall utföras samt i vilken ordning, där bland annat lämpliga mätetal ska tas fram. Arbetet är baserat på metodiken TPM (total productive maintenance), det handlar dock inte om ett fullständigt införande av TPM utan begränsat till valda delar. Utifrån intervjuer med underhållspersonalen på gjuteriet samt observationsstudier och en kartläggning av maskinparken har en nulägesanalys gjorts. Denna nulägesanalys har visat de problem och utmaningar som finns på underhållsavdelningen på gjuteriet. En målbild över hur man vill arbeta med underhåll på gjuteriet har ritats upp utifrån de studiebesök samt intervjuer med personal i ledningen. Det mest vitala som framkommit i denna fas är hur viktigt ledningens engagemang är för att kunna genomföra ett förändringsarbete, samt hur viktigt det är med en bra kommunikation både mellan de olika avdelningarna, men också inom gruppen. Med hjälp av de två ovanstående faserna samt den teori som bearbetats under projektet har en plan upprättats för ett mer strukturerat underhållsarbete. Planen innefattar 12 punkter som behandlar de aktiviteter som bör implementeras, samt i den turordning de bör implementeras, för att få en bättre struktur på underhållsarbetet på Valmets gjuteri. De två enskilt viktigaste delarna i planen är enligt mig dels att anställa en person som ansvarar för den dagliga driften av underhållet. Samt att implementera underhållssystemet AM-underhåll, så att man kan få en bättre struktur på underhållsarbetet i form av arbetsordrar, mätetal och historik. / The report is about setting up an Implementation plan for a structured maintenance work on Valmet ABs foundry in Karlstad. This work is the final part for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in mechanical engineering and takes place at Karlstad University in the spring of 2014. Valmet has recently bought the foundry at Lamberget in Karlstad. The maintenance work is much neglected and in the current state there is no good structure. The maintenance work is in need of systemization and integration into Valmets other maintenance organization. The purpose of the project is to develop a plan Implementation plan for a structured maintenance work on Valmet ABs foundry in Karlstad. The project is divided into three phases. - Situational analysis through both interviews of maintenance personnel and identifying the current equipment - Create a vision of how they want to work with maintenance through benchmarking against other similar businesses, and literature studies - Establishment of a plan for how to get there. What activities to be performed and in what order The work is based on the methodology TPM (total productive maintenance). However it is not about an implementation of TPM, but limited to certain parts. From interviews with the maintenance staff at the foundry, observational studies and an identification study of the machinery, a situational analysis has been made. This situation analysis has shown the problems and challenges that exist in the maintenance department at the foundry. A vision of how they want to work with maintenance on the foundry has been drawn, based on study visits and interviews with management staff. It is most vital that emerged in this phase is the importance of management commitment to implement a process of change. A good communication both between the different departments and within the group is also vital. Using the two phases above, together with the theory processed during the project, a plan has been established for a more structured maintenance. The plan includes 12 stages that addresses the activities that should be implemented, and in what order, in order to get a better structure on maintenance work at the foundry at Valmet. The two single most important elements of the plan are, in my mind, to hire a person who is responsible for the daily operations of the maintenance work. As well as to implement the maintenance system AM-underhåll, so you can get a better structure to the maintenance work in the form of work orders, metrics and history.

A imprensa feminina atua na construção de modelos de mulher a partir de uma fala hegemonicamente normativa e pedagógica. Lançada em 2001, a revista Trip para Mulher, a TPM, caracterizada por narradoras que assumem sua presença no texto e compartilham sua intimidade, afirma constituir-se como uma ruptura aos manuais que ensinam como ser mulher e reiteram estereótipos historicamente construídos. Esta pesquisa busca confrontar esta proposta de ruptura de TPM a partir da análise dos sentidos produzidos sobre si mesmas pelas narradoras auto-referentes da revista e dos lugares de fala que elas assumem em seu discurso. Filiado à perspectiva construcionista do jornalismo, este trabalho conjuga o referencial teórico sobre o narrador, da teoria literária a autores que problematizam a narrativa jornalística, com a tradição de pesquisa sobre a imprensa feminina. O referencial metodológico congrega a proposta de análise de lugares de fala e a análise de discurso de tradição francesa. A análise revelou que as narradoras assumem quatro lugares de fala – “eu confidente”, “eu jornalista”, “eu conselheiro” e “eu valorativo” – e constroem imagens de mulher a partir de seis formações discursivas – “ser mulherzinha”, “ser fora do padrão”, “ser sábia e experiente”, “ser dona do próprio destino”, “ser solteira orgulhosa” e “ser repórter aventureira”. As conclusões indicam que, embora TPM promova certas rupturas, converte estas formas de suposta resistência em novos modos de regrar a feminilidade. / The feminine press contributes in the construction of female models from a hegemonially normative and pedagogical discourse. Released in 2001, the Brazilian magazine Trip para Mulher [Trip for Women], also called TPM (a Portuguese-language pun, since TPM in Portuguese stands for pre-menstrual syndrome, or PMS), characterized by female narrators who affirm their presence in the text and share their intimacy with the readers, states that it is a magazine which breaks with those manuals which are aimed at teaching how to be a woman and reinforcing historically built stereotypes. This paper aims at studying such intention expressed by TPM by analyzing the meanings the magazine’s self-referent female narrators express about themselves and the place of speech they take in their discourse. As based on the constructionist perspective of journalism this paper works with a theoretical reference about the narrator from Literary Theory and also from authors who analyze the narrator from a journalistic perspective, specially focusing on the feminine press. The methodological reference of this paper joins the analysis of the place of speech and the discourse analysis of French tradition. The analysis revealed that the magazine’s narrators take four different places of speech – “I as a confessor”, “I as a journalist”, “I as a counselor”, “I as an evaluator” – and they build images of women from six discourse formations – “be a lady-like woman”, “be a social outlaw”, “be the owner of her own destiny”, “be a proud single woman” e “be an adventurous reporter”. Although TPM do breaks with some rules in terms of female stereotypes, the magazine converts these forms of pretentious resistance in new ways of ruling what feminine is.

Supondo que as revistas femininas configuram-se como elementos discursivos do dispositivo de sexualidade, a presente pesquisa buscou identificar e comparar as posições de sujeito nas quais as leitoras das revistas Nova e TPM deveriam se reconhecer para ter uma experiência coerente de leitura. Ancorada no pensamento de Foucault e no conceito de modo de endereçamento de Ellsworth, busquei extrair dos textos os diferentes enunciados sobre a sexualidade, que conformariam essas posições de sujeito, tentando entender o que se configuraria hoje como uma forma “normal” de vivenciar a sexualidade, bem como as possibilidades de resistência em relação a essa proposta de normalidade. A hipótese é que, neste período histórico, a norma se deslocou do “como” ou “o que” fazer no âmbito sexual para o próprio fazer.

En el presente trabajo se realiza un análisis de ingeniería para la mejora del proceso de producción de alimento para animales en la planta de la empresa San Fernando S. A. ubicado en el distrito de Lurín. Planteando como hipótesis que el rediseño del sistema de mantenimiento de la planta a través de la metodología del TPM (Mantenimiento productivo total) traerá consigo ventajas será ventajosa por su impacto en la reducción de las mermas producidas por paradas no programadas de la línea de producción. Para ello el trabajo se divide en 5 capítulos, en donde se abarcan definiciones conceptuales sobre el mantenimiento y las metodologías usadas para su mejora; el análisis de la situación productiva de la planta y la construcción de una propuesta de mejora que busca reducir las paradas usando el TPM. Por último, para validar la propuesta se realiza el análisis de sensibilidad financiero usando el TIR y VAN; para terminar con la validación de la propuesta mediante el uso del software Arena que evidencia la reducción de las paradas de la planta. / In the present work an engineering analysis is carried out to improve the animal feed production process in the San Fernando S.A plant located in the district of Lurin. Posing as hypothesis that the redesign of the maintenance system of the plant through the methodology of the TPM (Total productive maintenance) will bring advantages will be advantageous for its impact in reducing the losses caused by unscheduled stops of the production line. For this purpose, the work is divided into 5 chapters, which include conceptual definitions of maintenance and the methodologies used for its improvement; the analysis of the productive situation of the plant and the construction of an improvement proposal that seeks to reduce the stops using the TPM. Finally, to validate the proposal, the financial sensitivity analysis is performed using the IRR and NPV; to finish with the validation of the proposal through the use of the Arena software that evidences the reduction of plant shutdowns. / Tesis

A imprensa feminina atua na construção de modelos de mulher a partir de uma fala hegemonicamente normativa e pedagógica. Lançada em 2001, a revista Trip para Mulher, a TPM, caracterizada por narradoras que assumem sua presença no texto e compartilham sua intimidade, afirma constituir-se como uma ruptura aos manuais que ensinam como ser mulher e reiteram estereótipos historicamente construídos. Esta pesquisa busca confrontar esta proposta de ruptura de TPM a partir da análise dos sentidos produzidos sobre si mesmas pelas narradoras auto-referentes da revista e dos lugares de fala que elas assumem em seu discurso. Filiado à perspectiva construcionista do jornalismo, este trabalho conjuga o referencial teórico sobre o narrador, da teoria literária a autores que problematizam a narrativa jornalística, com a tradição de pesquisa sobre a imprensa feminina. O referencial metodológico congrega a proposta de análise de lugares de fala e a análise de discurso de tradição francesa. A análise revelou que as narradoras assumem quatro lugares de fala – “eu confidente”, “eu jornalista”, “eu conselheiro” e “eu valorativo” – e constroem imagens de mulher a partir de seis formações discursivas – “ser mulherzinha”, “ser fora do padrão”, “ser sábia e experiente”, “ser dona do próprio destino”, “ser solteira orgulhosa” e “ser repórter aventureira”. As conclusões indicam que, embora TPM promova certas rupturas, converte estas formas de suposta resistência em novos modos de regrar a feminilidade. / The feminine press contributes in the construction of female models from a hegemonially normative and pedagogical discourse. Released in 2001, the Brazilian magazine Trip para Mulher [Trip for Women], also called TPM (a Portuguese-language pun, since TPM in Portuguese stands for pre-menstrual syndrome, or PMS), characterized by female narrators who affirm their presence in the text and share their intimacy with the readers, states that it is a magazine which breaks with those manuals which are aimed at teaching how to be a woman and reinforcing historically built stereotypes. This paper aims at studying such intention expressed by TPM by analyzing the meanings the magazine’s self-referent female narrators express about themselves and the place of speech they take in their discourse. As based on the constructionist perspective of journalism this paper works with a theoretical reference about the narrator from Literary Theory and also from authors who analyze the narrator from a journalistic perspective, specially focusing on the feminine press. The methodological reference of this paper joins the analysis of the place of speech and the discourse analysis of French tradition. The analysis revealed that the magazine’s narrators take four different places of speech – “I as a confessor”, “I as a journalist”, “I as a counselor”, “I as an evaluator” – and they build images of women from six discourse formations – “be a lady-like woman”, “be a social outlaw”, “be the owner of her own destiny”, “be a proud single woman” e “be an adventurous reporter”. Although TPM do breaks with some rules in terms of female stereotypes, the magazine converts these forms of pretentious resistance in new ways of ruling what feminine is.

Supondo que as revistas femininas configuram-se como elementos discursivos do dispositivo de sexualidade, a presente pesquisa buscou identificar e comparar as posições de sujeito nas quais as leitoras das revistas Nova e TPM deveriam se reconhecer para ter uma experiência coerente de leitura. Ancorada no pensamento de Foucault e no conceito de modo de endereçamento de Ellsworth, busquei extrair dos textos os diferentes enunciados sobre a sexualidade, que conformariam essas posições de sujeito, tentando entender o que se configuraria hoje como uma forma “normal” de vivenciar a sexualidade, bem como as possibilidades de resistência em relação a essa proposta de normalidade. A hipótese é que, neste período histórico, a norma se deslocou do “como” ou “o que” fazer no âmbito sexual para o próprio fazer.

Supondo que as revistas femininas configuram-se como elementos discursivos do dispositivo de sexualidade, a presente pesquisa buscou identificar e comparar as posições de sujeito nas quais as leitoras das revistas Nova e TPM deveriam se reconhecer para ter uma experiência coerente de leitura. Ancorada no pensamento de Foucault e no conceito de modo de endereçamento de Ellsworth, busquei extrair dos textos os diferentes enunciados sobre a sexualidade, que conformariam essas posições de sujeito, tentando entender o que se configuraria hoje como uma forma “normal” de vivenciar a sexualidade, bem como as possibilidades de resistência em relação a essa proposta de normalidade. A hipótese é que, neste período histórico, a norma se deslocou do “como” ou “o que” fazer no âmbito sexual para o próprio fazer.

A imprensa feminina atua na construção de modelos de mulher a partir de uma fala hegemonicamente normativa e pedagógica. Lançada em 2001, a revista Trip para Mulher, a TPM, caracterizada por narradoras que assumem sua presença no texto e compartilham sua intimidade, afirma constituir-se como uma ruptura aos manuais que ensinam como ser mulher e reiteram estereótipos historicamente construídos. Esta pesquisa busca confrontar esta proposta de ruptura de TPM a partir da análise dos sentidos produzidos sobre si mesmas pelas narradoras auto-referentes da revista e dos lugares de fala que elas assumem em seu discurso. Filiado à perspectiva construcionista do jornalismo, este trabalho conjuga o referencial teórico sobre o narrador, da teoria literária a autores que problematizam a narrativa jornalística, com a tradição de pesquisa sobre a imprensa feminina. O referencial metodológico congrega a proposta de análise de lugares de fala e a análise de discurso de tradição francesa. A análise revelou que as narradoras assumem quatro lugares de fala – “eu confidente”, “eu jornalista”, “eu conselheiro” e “eu valorativo” – e constroem imagens de mulher a partir de seis formações discursivas – “ser mulherzinha”, “ser fora do padrão”, “ser sábia e experiente”, “ser dona do próprio destino”, “ser solteira orgulhosa” e “ser repórter aventureira”. As conclusões indicam que, embora TPM promova certas rupturas, converte estas formas de suposta resistência em novos modos de regrar a feminilidade. / The feminine press contributes in the construction of female models from a hegemonially normative and pedagogical discourse. Released in 2001, the Brazilian magazine Trip para Mulher [Trip for Women], also called TPM (a Portuguese-language pun, since TPM in Portuguese stands for pre-menstrual syndrome, or PMS), characterized by female narrators who affirm their presence in the text and share their intimacy with the readers, states that it is a magazine which breaks with those manuals which are aimed at teaching how to be a woman and reinforcing historically built stereotypes. This paper aims at studying such intention expressed by TPM by analyzing the meanings the magazine’s self-referent female narrators express about themselves and the place of speech they take in their discourse. As based on the constructionist perspective of journalism this paper works with a theoretical reference about the narrator from Literary Theory and also from authors who analyze the narrator from a journalistic perspective, specially focusing on the feminine press. The methodological reference of this paper joins the analysis of the place of speech and the discourse analysis of French tradition. The analysis revealed that the magazine’s narrators take four different places of speech – “I as a confessor”, “I as a journalist”, “I as a counselor”, “I as an evaluator” – and they build images of women from six discourse formations – “be a lady-like woman”, “be a social outlaw”, “be the owner of her own destiny”, “be a proud single woman” e “be an adventurous reporter”. Although TPM do breaks with some rules in terms of female stereotypes, the magazine converts these forms of pretentious resistance in new ways of ruling what feminine is.