Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:49:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis Alberto G Junior.pdf: 2140220 bytes, checksum: e145b6570ac187db3f86959b066db854 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-31 / This work arose from the need to think about the ways in which national cinema seeks to deconstruct a particular worldview. From this, the objective of this study was to analyze the deconstruction of the myth of a Transamazônica the progress of a military government, from the intellectual traditions and representations of Jorge Bodanzky and Orlando Senna, in Iracema: uma transa amazônica. We opted for the choice of film for its hybrid cinematic language that mixes the fictional to the documentary, it brings a denunciativo and demystifying tone of government propaganda that was the Transamazônica highway in the Brazilian dictatorial period. When doing this exercise, the filmmakers bring in their influences some elements of the New Cinema (German and Brazilian), the Italian neorealism, the Nouvelle Vague, the environmental film and a leftist militant political discourse. Through this path, appropriating from the work of filmmakers such as Jean Rouch, John Nicholas Cassavetes and Arne Sucksdorff to develop the narrative of a half-breed girl who prostitutes herself on the banks of the Trans-Amazon Highway. Methodologically, this work covers the influences and trajectories of these filmmakers and articulates every scene of the film, trying to understand the times in which the Trans Myth deconstruction appears. In this wide range of filmic readings linked to the social reality of the people who inhabited the region where they built the Trans-Amazon highway, there is the look the filmmakers about the neglect of the population, such as checking neglect appears. / Este trabalho surgiu da necessidade de pensar as formas pelas quais o cinema nacional busca desconstruir uma determinada visão de mundo. A partir disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a desconstrução do mito de uma Transamazônica que simboliza o progresso de um governo militar, a partir das tradições intelectuais e representações de Jorge Bodanzky e Orlando Senna, no filme Iracema: uma transa amazônica. Optou-se pela escolha do filme por sua linguagem cinematográfica híbrida, que mescla o ficcional ao documental, traz um tom denunciativo e desmistificador da propaganda governamental que se fazia da rodovia Transamazônica no período ditatorial brasileiro. Ao efetuar esse exercício, os cineastas trazem em suas influências alguns elementos do Novo Cinema (Alemão e Brasileiro), do Neorrealismo Italiano, da Nouvelle Vague, do cinema ambiental e de um discurso político militante de esquerda. Por meio desta trajetória, apropriam-se do trabalho de cineastas, como Jean Rouch, John Nicholas Cassavetes e Arne Sucksdorff para elaborarem a narrativa de uma menina cabocla que se prostitui às margens da rodovia Transamazônica. Metodologicamente, este trabalho percorre as influências e trajetórias destes cineastas e as articula a cada cena do filme, buscando perceber os momentos pelos quais a desconstrução do mito da Transamazônica aparece. Nessa ampla gama de leituras fílmicas, atreladas à realidade social da população que habitava a região onde se construía a rodovia Transamazônica, destaca-se o olhar dos cineastas sobre o descaso com a população, verificando como tal descaso aparece.

by Ray, Kit Ng. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-121). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgments --- p.iv / Abbreviations --- p.x / List of Figures --- p.xii / List of Tables --- p.xiv / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Hepatitis B Virus X Protein (HBx) --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- The Genomic Structure of HBx --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- The HBx Protein Structure --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Subcellular Localization of HBx --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Possible Functions of HBx --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3 --- Etiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) --- p.12 / Chapter 1.4 --- Relationship between HCC and HBx --- p.13 / Chapter 1.5 --- Aims of Study --- p.14 / Chapter 1.6 --- The Basis of Tet-On System --- p.15 / Chapter 1.7 --- The Basis of DNA Microarray --- p.18 / Chapter 1.8 --- The Basis of Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis --- p.20 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Materials and Methods / Chapter 2.1 --- Construction of a Tet-On HBx Expressing Cell Model --- p.22 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Cloning of HBx Gene into pTRE2 Vector --- p.22 / Chapter 2.1.1.1 --- PCR of HBx Gene --- p.22 / Chapter 2.1.1.2 --- Purification of the PCR Product --- p.23 / Chapter 2.1.1.3 --- Restriction Enzyme Digestion --- p.23 / Chapter 2.1.1.4 --- Ligation of HBx into pTRE Vector --- p.24 / Chapter 2.1.1.5 --- Transformation of the Ligation Product into Competent Cells --- p.24 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Preparation of the Plasmid DNA --- p.24 / Chapter 2.1.2.1 --- DNA Sequencing of the Cloned Plasmid DNA --- p.25 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Cell Culture of AML12 Cell Line --- p.26 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Transfection of pTet-On Vector into AML12 Cells --- p.26 / Chapter 2.1.5 --- Selection of the Transfected AML12 Cells by G418 --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1.6 --- Single Clone Isolation --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1.6.1 --- Luciferase Assay for Selection of Highly Inducible Clones --- p.28 / Chapter 2.1.7 --- Second Transfection of pTRE-HBx Plasmid --- p.28 / Chapter 2.1.8 --- Selection of the Transfected Cells by Hygromycin --- p.29 / Chapter 2.1.9 --- Second Single Clone Isolation --- p.29 / Chapter 2.1.10 --- Total RNA Isolation --- p.29 / Chapter 2.1.11 --- DNase I Digestion --- p.30 / Chapter 2.1.12 --- First-Strand cDNA Synthesis --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1.13 --- RT-PCR of HBx Gene --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1.14 --- Northern Blotting --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1.15 --- Preparation of the Probe --- p.33 / Chapter 2.1.16 --- Northern Blot Hybridization --- p.33 / Chapter 2.1.17 --- 3H-Thymidine Incorporation Assay --- p.34 / Chapter 2.1.18 --- Analysis of Cell Cycle by Flow Cytometry --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2 --- Microarray Analysis of Differential Gene Expression upon HBx Induction --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Sample Preparation for Microarray Analysis --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Probe Labelling --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Microarray Hybridization --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- RT-PCR of the Candidate Genes --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Northern Blot Analysis of the Candidate Genes --- p.39 / Chapter 2.3 --- Two-Dimensional (2D) Gel Electrophoretic Analysis --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Protein Sample Preparation for 2D Gel Electrophoresis --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- First-Dimension Isoelectric Focusing (IEF) --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Second-Dimension SDS-PAGE --- p.41 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Silver Stain of 2D Gel --- p.42 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Mass Spectroscopic Analysis --- p.43 / Chapter 2.4 --- Subcellular Localization of HBx --- p.44 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Cloning of HBx into Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) Expression Vector --- p.44 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Transfection of GFP-HBx --- p.44 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Propidium Iodide (PI) Staining --- p.45 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Mitochondria Staining --- p.45 / Chapter 2.4.5 --- Subcellular Localization Study using Epi-Fluorescent Microscopy --- p.45 / Chapter 2.5 --- Analysis of Mitochondrial Transmembrane Potential --- p.46 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Results / Chapter 3.1 --- Construction of Tet-On AML12 Cell Line of HBx Gene --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2 --- Characterization of the HBx-Expressing Cell Model --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- 3H-Thymidine Proliferation Assay --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Cell Cycle Analysis --- p.55 / Chapter 3.3 --- Microarray Analysis of Differential Gene Expression Pattern upon HBx Induction --- p.57 / Chapter 3.4 --- Northern Blot Analysis and RT-PCR of the Candidate Genes --- p.65 / Chapter 3.5 --- Differential Protein Expression Pattern under HBx Induction --- p.70 / Chapter 3.6 --- Subcellular Localization of HBx --- p.77 / Chapter 3.7 --- Analysis of Mitochondrial Transmembrane Potential --- p.83 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Discussion / Chapter 4.1 --- Conditional HBx-Expressing Cell Model --- p.84 / Chapter 4.2 --- The Effects of HBx in Clone X18 --- p.86 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Proliferative Effect of HBx --- p.86 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Deregulation of G2/M Checkpoint by HBx --- p.86 / Chapter 4.3 --- Early Differential Gene Expression due to HBx Induction --- p.88 / Chapter 4.4 --- The Relationship of the Potential Candidate Genes and Cancer Development --- p.90 / Chapter 4.5 --- The Protein Expression Pattern due to HBx Induction --- p.93 / Chapter 4.6 --- The Subcellular Localization of HBx --- p.96 / Chapter 4.7 --- The Possible Involvement of HBx in Mitochondrial Transmembrane Potential --- p.98 / Chapter 4.8 --- Conclusions --- p.101 / Chapter 4.9 --- Future Prospects --- p.104 / Appendix --- p.107 / References --- p.112

Dados recentes mostram que os Ácidos Graxos Trans (AGT) são uma classe de lipídios os quais estão relacionados a malefícios a saúde humana. AGT são ácidos graxos insaturados que contém ao menos uma ligação dupla não conjugada na cofiguração trans, gerando uma gordura de característica mais linear. A presença de uma ligação dupla trans na cadeia dos ácidos graxos resulta em um menor ângulo de ligação, em comparação as ligações duplas cis, resultando em uma conformação mais similar aos ácidos graxos saturados do que aos insaturados. Diversos estudos têm identificado uma associação entre a ingestão de AGT e maior risco a doenças neurodegenerativas, cardiovasculares e efeitos pró inflamatórios. Neste estudo, avaliamos os efeitos dos ácidos graxos trans sob marcadores inflamatórios, bioquímicos, comportamentais e do sistema nervoso central em ratos adultos Wistar. Nossos resultados demonstraram que AGT induzem um aumento na produção de citocinas pró inflamatórias (IL1, IL6, IL10 e TNFα) em ambas concentrações normo e hiperlipídicas tanto no líquido cerebroespinhal quanto no plasma. Com relação aos marcadores oxidativos, AGT elevaram as concentrações destes marcadores mais do que as respectivas dietas com banha de porco suportando um possível componente inflamatório nos AGT independente da concentração da dieta. Nos marcadores cerebrais, a suplementação com AGT causou uma redução na massa e potencial de membrana mitocondrial no córtex, elevou marcadores inflamatórios e oxidativos em córtex e hipocampo e gerou prejuízos a performance dos ratos Wistar no Campo Aberto. Este estudo representa uma nova ferramenta para entender os mecanismos bioquímicos dos AGT em marcadores séricos, do líquido cerebroespinhal e do sistema nervoso central. De uma forma geral, esses achados sugerem que a composição lipídica é mais importante do que a quantidade consumida em termos de AGT e ácidos graxos cis. / Recent data regarding Trans Fatty Acids (TFAs) have implicated this lipid as being particularly deleterious to human health. TFAs are unsaturated fatty acids that contain at least one non conjugated double bond in the trans configuration, resulting in a more linear shape. The presence of a trans double bond in a fatty acid chain results in a smaller bond angle, or kink, than in a cis double bond, resulting in a fatty acid chain conformation that is more similar to a saturated fatty acid than to an unsaturated fatty acid. Several studies have identified an association between trans fat intake and a risk of neurodiseases, cardiometabolic disease and pro-inflammatory effects. In this study, were evaluated the trans fatty acids on inflammatory, biochemical and behavioral parameters and central nervous system of adult Wistar rats. Our results has demonstrated that TFAs induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL1, IL6, IL10 and TNFα) in animal models fed normo- and hyperlipidic diets in both cerebrospinal liquid and blood. In relation to oxidative parameters, the TFA diet elevated the CSF concentration of these parameters more than the Cis Fatty Acid diet, supporting a possible inflammatory component to the PHSO diet that is independent of concentration. In the brain parameters, dietary supplementation with AGT caused a reduction in mitochondrial mass and membrane potential in the cortex, impaired inflammatory and oxidative parameters in the cortex and hippocampus and resulted in alterations in the open field task performance of Wistar rats. This study represents a new approach to understand the biochemical mechanisms of TFA in serum parameters, cerebrospinal fluid and center nervous system. Overall, these findings suggest that fat composition is more important than the quantity of fat consumed in terms of dietary cis and trans fatty acids.

Cheng Sze-Lok Alfred. / "March 2002." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 175-211). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

"June 2003." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 162-187). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

Le facteur de transcription homéotique CDX2 est spécifiquement exprimé dans l’épithélium intestinal où il maintient l’identité, contrôle l’homéostasie et exerce une fonction suppresseur de tumeurs. Chez l’homme, une expression ectopique (hors de l’intestin) de CDX2 peut survenir, dans les métaplasies intestinales d’organes digestifs, considérées comme pré-cancéreuses. Ce travail de thèse visait à étudier les conséquences physiopathologiques de l’expression ectopique de CDX2. Nous avons développé et validé un modèle murin d’induction conditionnelle de CDX2 dans plusieurs organes digestifs. Nos résultats montrent que cette expression est dépendante du contexte cellulaire, et induit des métaplasies intestinales seulement dans l’estomac et le pancréas. Ces métaplasies n’évoluent pas spontanément en cancer. Cependant, CDX2 sensibilise ces lésions métaplasiques à l’apparition de tumeurs intestinales dans l’estomac placé dans un contexte où le gène Apc est muté. Globalement, ces résultats montrent que CDX2 est essentiel au développement de métaplasies intestinales mais n’exercerait pas de fonction oncogénique en situation ectopique. / The intestine-specific homeotic transcription factor CDX2 is required throughout life for intestinal homeostasis, the maintenance of intestinal identity and has tumor suppressor activity. In Human, ectopic expression of the gene Cdx2 is observed in several digestive organs as in intestinal metaplasia which is considered as pre-cancerous lesion. This work aimed to investigate the pathophysiological consequences and molecular mechanisms of ectopic expression of CDX2. We created and validated a conditional murine model of CDX2 induction in several digestive organs. Ectopic CDX2 causes intestinal metaplasias only in the stomach and the pancreas which do not spontaneously evolve to cancer, depending on cellular context. However, CDX2 promotes intestinal carcinogenesis in complete intestinal metaplasia of the stomach. Collectively, these results show that CDX2 is essential for the development of intestinal metaplasia but has no oncogenic function in ectopic situation.

Siu-wai Michael Sung. / Thesis submitted in: December 2000. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-111). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii / Abbreviations --- p.v / Table of Contents --- p.vii / Chapter Chapter 1 --- General Introduction / Chapter l. 1 --- Drosophila as a model for studying development --- p.1 / Chapter l .2 --- The formation of the body axis in Drosophila --- p.2 / Chapter l .3 --- Maternal genes are essential for development --- p.9 / Chapter 1.4 --- Maternal gene bicoid is essential for formation of the anterior structures in the embryo --- p.13 / Chapter 1.5 --- Establishment of an anterior to posterior bicoid protein gradient --- p.13 / Chapter 1.6 --- The bicoid protein gradient controls the downstream zygotic target genes in a concentration-dependent manner --- p.17 / Chapter 1.7 --- Bicoid protein acts as transcriptional regulators \9 --- p.19 / Chapter 1.8 --- Bicoid protein acts as transcriptional regulators --- p.21 / Chapter 1.9 --- The anterior localization of bcd mRNA --- p.21 / Chapter 1.10 --- Components required for bcd mRNA localization at anterior pole of oocyte / Chapter 1.10.1 --- Cis-acting elements --- p.22 / Chapter 1.10.1.1 --- BLE1 at 3' UTR directs localization of bcd mRNA --- p.23 / Chapter 1.10.2 --- Trans-acting elements / Chapter 1.10.2.1 --- "Exuperantia, swallow, and staufen are necessary for localization for bcd mKNA" --- p.27 / Chapter 1.10.2.2 --- exu protein is an absolute requirement for localization for bcd mRNA --- p.30 / Chapter 1.10.2.3 --- Microtubules dependence of localization --- p.31 / Chapter 1.11 --- Functions of exu in localization of bcd mRNA --- p.32 / Chapter 1.12 --- Characteristics of Bicoid protein and Bic-D gene --- p.33 / Chapter 1.13 --- Aim of Project --- p.36 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- Materials and Methods / Chapter 2.1 --- Fly Food --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2 --- Conditions in maintaining the fly stocks and working stocks --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3 --- Localization of exu protein and other intracellular elements by indirect immunofluorescence detection / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Immunohistrochemical distribution of exu and Bic-D protein --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Immunohistrochemical distribution of β-tubulin --- p.39 / Chapter 2.4 --- Preparation of total protein from the female and male flies --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5 --- Analysis of interactions between exu and trans-acting elements / Chapter 2.5.1 --- 35S-methionine metabolic labelling and immunoprecipitation by RIPA buffer --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- 35S-methionine metabolic labelling and immunoprecipitation by Mach and Lehmann buffer system --- p.43 / Chapter 2.6 --- Co-immunoprecipitation of exu and Bic-D protein / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Co-immunoprecipitation of exu and Bic-D protein synthesized by in vitro coupled transcription and translation system with modified Mach and Lechmann buffer system --- p.44 / Chapter 2.7 --- in vivo ovary extract co-immunoprecipitation / Chapter 2.7.1 --- in vivo ovary extraction co-immunoprecipitation of exu and Bic-D protein with modified Mach and Lehmann buffer system supplemented with recombinant exu protein --- p.45 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- Results / Chapter 3.1 --- Analysis of co-localization of exu and Bic-D protein by double immuno-fluorescence staining on w1118 flies --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2 --- Analysis of co-localization of exu protein and β-tubulin protein by double immuno-fluorescence staining on w1118 flies --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3 --- Analysis of co-localization of exu and Bic-D protein by double immuno-fluorescence staining on Bic-D mutants --- p.55 / Chapter 3.4 --- Co-immunoprecipitation of exu and Bic-D protein synthesized by in vitro coupled transcription and translation system --- p.61 / Chapter 3.5 --- 35S-Methionine metabolic labelling and co-immunoprecipitation of exu and Bic-D protein with RIP A buffer system --- p.65 / Chapter 3.6 --- 35S-Methionine metabolic labelling and co-immunoprecipitation of exu and Bic-D protein with Mach and Lehmann buffer system --- p.68 / Chapter 3.7 --- in vivo ovary extract co-immunoprecipitation of exu and Bic-D protein with modified Mach and Lehmann buffer system supplemented with recombinant exu protein --- p.71 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- Discussion / Chapter 4.1 --- Analysis of co-localization of exu protein and other intracellular elements by indirect double immunofluorescence staining detection --- p.74 / Chapter 4.2 --- Analysis of co-localization of exu and BicD protein by double immuno- fluorescence staining on Bic-D mutants --- p.78 / Chapter 4.3 --- Co-immunoprecipitation of exu and BicD protein synthesized by in vitro coupled transcription and translation system --- p.79 / Chapter 4.4 --- Analysis of interactions between exu and trans-acting elements by 35S- Methionine metabolic labelling and immunoprecipitation --- p.82 / Chapter 4.5 --- "in vivo ovary extract coimmunoprecipitation of exu and Bic-D protein with modified Mech and Lehmann buffer system, supplemented with recombinant exu protein" --- p.84 / Chapter 4.6 --- Recent developments on the concept of ribonucleoprotein --- p.86 / Appendix A Supplementary protocols --- p.91 / Appendix B Reagents --- p.95 / Reference --- p.97

Neste trabalho foram realizadas as sínteses dos complexos trans-[RuCl2(L)4] (L = py, isn, 4-acpy e 3-acpy), trans-[RuCl(NO)(L)4](PF6)2 (L = py, isn e 4-acpy), trans-[Ru(OH)(NO)(py)4](PF6)2, trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]Cl23H2O, trans-[Ru(OH)(NO)(py)4]Cl2, cis-[RuCl2(DMSO)4], trans-[Ru(NO2)2(py)4], trans-[RuCl(NO2)(py)4], trans-[RuCl(acn)(py)4](PF6) e do complexo reduzido trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]I. Estes compostos foram submetidos a várias técnicas de caracterização como: análise elementar de CHN, espectroscopia de 1H RMN, espectroscopia na região do UV-vis e IV, técnicas de eletroquímica e EPR. A análise elementar de CHN e os espectros de 1H RMN se mostraram consistentes com as estruturas propostas, indicando a pureza destes compostos segundo estas técnicas. A caracterização por espectroscopia na região do UV-vis mostrou que os novos complexos apresentaram semelhança espectral com compostos semelhantes descritos na literatura. Entretanto, para os complexos trans-[RuCl(NO)(L)4](PF6)2 (L = py, isn e 4-acpy) e trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]Cl23H2O não se observa a banda entre 300-400 nm, comumente observada para tetraaminas de rutênio com o NO coordenado e nas bipiridinas de rutênio com o ligante nitrosilo. Os espectros de absorção na região do IV para os complexos nitrosilos apresentaram a banda da freqüência de estiramento do NO (NO) entre 1870 -1920 cm-1, indicando o caráter nitrosônio do NO. O complexo reduzido trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]I apresenta a banda de NO em 1854 cm-1 em acetonitrila, este valor está consistente com o deslocamento da banda de NO observado durante a eletrólise para a redução de trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+. A atribuição desta banda ao NO0 é reforçada pelo estudo de EPR, cujos espectros apresentaram um sinal característico de NO0 coordenado tanto para o complexo reduzido com iodo trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]I como para a solução eletrolisada de trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+. Os estudos de eletroquímica para os complexos trans-[RuCl2(L)4] (L = py, isn, 4-acpy e 3-acpy) apresentaram um processo de redução reversível, cujo Ef aumenta com o aumento da capacidade receptora de elétrons do ligante L, py < isn < 4-acpy. O comportamento eletroquímico de trans-[RuCl(NO)(L)4](PF6)2 (L = py e 4-acpy), em acetonitrila, apresentou um processo de redução reversível atribuído a 6/7 e um processo irreversível atribuído a redução 7/8. Após a redução do trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+ por eletrólise, em acetonitrila, foi observada a formação de trans-[RuCl(NO2)(py)4] para Eaplicado = -0,535 e -1,435 V vs Fc+/Fc. Em menor proporção, foi observado também a formação de trans-[RuCl(acn)(py)4]+, produto da liberação de NO (mas somente quando Eaplicado = -1,435 V vs Fc+/Fc). Em solução aquosa, os voltamogramas cíclicos do complexo trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+ apresentaram três processos de redução. O primeiro processo é referente à redução 6/7, o segundo corresponde à redução 7/8 e o terceiro processo envolve quatro elétrons convertendo o grupo nitrosil a amônia (NO- NH3). Durante a eletrólise, em solução aquosa, observou-se a formação de uma espécie a mais, além do composto trans-[RuCl(NH3)(py)4]+. Possivelmente, esta espécie seja o complexo trans-[RuCl(H2O)(py)4]+ (ou trans-[RuCl(OH)(py)4], dependendo do pH) derivado da liberação de NO. A grande capacidade -receptora dos ligantes piridínicos no plano equatorial dos complexos de rutênio, apresentados neste trabalho, se reflete em várias propriedades como: na energia da TCML, nos potenciais de redução e na acidez da água coordenada em trans ao NO do complexo trans-[Ru(NO)(H2O)(py)4]3+ (pKa < 1) que aumenta consideravelmente em relação ao trans-[Ru(NO)(H2O)(NH3)4]3+, (pKa = 3,1). / The complexes trans-[RuCl2(L)4] (L = py, isn, 4-acpy e 3-acpy), trans-[RuCl(NO)(L)4](PF6)2 (L = py, isn e 4-acpy), trans-[Ru(OH)(NO)(py)4](PF6)2, trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]Cl23H2O, trans-[Ru(OH)(NO)(py)4]Cl2, cis-[RuCl2(DMSO)4], trans-[Ru(NO2)2(py)4], trans-[RuCl(NO2)(py)4], trans-[RuCl(acn)(py)4](PF6) and the reduced complex trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]I were synthesized. The compounds were analyzed and characterized by elemental analysis of CHN, 1H NMR, UV-vis and IR spectroscopies, electrochemical techniques and EPR. The elemental analyses and 1H NMR spectra were consistent with the proposed structures indicating the purity of the compounds, according to these techniques. The UV-vis spectra of the complexes are similar to those of related complexes. However, for trans-[RuCl(NO)(L)4](PF6)2 (L = py, isn e 4-acpy) and trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]Cl23H2O, the band between 300-400 nm, usually seen in other nitrosyl ruthenium complexes spectra, as tetraamines and bipyridines complexes, was not observed. The IR spectra for nitrosyl complexes showed the stretching frequency band (NO) between 1870 -1920 cm-1, which is consistent with the nitrosonium character of these compounds. The reduced complex trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]I shows a NO band in 1854 cm-1 (acetonitrile). This value is consistent with the NO band shift observed during the trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+ reduction electrolysis. The assignment of this band to NO0 is consistent with the EPR studies, whose spectra showed a NO0 coordinated signal for the reduced complex trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]I and for the electrolyzed solution of trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+. The electrochemical studies for trans-[RuCl2(L)4] (L = py, isn, 4-acpy e 3-acpy) show a reversible reduction process assigned to RuIII/RuII, whose Ef increases with the -acceptor ability of the L ligand. In acetonitrile, the electrochemical behavior of trans-[RuCl(NO)(L)4](PF6)2 (L = py e 4-acpy), showed two reduction processes. The first is a reversible process assigned to 6/7 and the second is an irreversible process assigned to 7/8. The trans-[RuCl(NO2)(py)4] complex is formed during the reduction electrolysis of trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+ in acetonitrile with Eapplied = -0,535 and -1,435 V vs Fc+/Fc. The trans-[RuCl(acn)(py)4](PF6) is also formed after the NO release (only Eapplied = -1,435 V vs Fc+/Fc). In aqueous solution, the trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+ electrochemical behavior is different from that in acetonitrile. The cyclic voltammograms show three reduction processes. The first is a reversible process assigned to 6/7, the second is irreversible assigned to 7/8 and the third is a NO- NH3 four electron reduction. The electrolysis in aqueous solution generated another specie besides trans-[RuCl(NH3)(py)4]+, which should be the trans-[RuCl(H2O)(py)4]+ (or trans-[RuCl(OH)(py)4], depending on the pH) following the NO release. The great -acceptor ability of the L ligand in the ruthenium equatorial plane, presented in this work, reflects in many properties, such as: MLCT energy, reduction potential and the coordinated water acidity in trans-[Ru(NO)(H2O)(py)4]3+, (pKa < 1), which increases substantially compared to trans-[Ru(NO)(H2O)(NH3)4]3+ (pKa is 3,1).

Submitted by Irvana Coutinho (irvana@ufpa.br) on 2017-05-31T12:02:35Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_SobreCorposInsolentes.pdf: 883069 bytes, checksum: af653e41dc93bb37df8747e103621fc5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Irvana Coutinho (irvana@ufpa.br) on 2017-05-31T12:03:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_SobreCorposInsolentes.pdf: 883069 bytes, checksum: af653e41dc93bb37df8747e103621fc5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-31T12:03:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_SobreCorposInsolentes.pdf: 883069 bytes, checksum: af653e41dc93bb37df8747e103621fc5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-30 / Este texto dissertativo situa-se no limiar discursivo entre sexualidade e educação. Apoiado no pensamento trágico e genealógico de Nietzsche e Foucault e no diálogo com Sade, Deleuze e Guattari, Derrida, os estudos que, a pesquisa apresenta a perspectiva do corpo trans como dimensão constitutiva da diferença sexual. Discute a noção de diferença sexual como dimensão fronteiriça e indeterminada da sexualidade e problematiza o paradigma da inclusão como suposto acolhimento da diferença na educação. No campo discursivo da sexualidade, tensiona as categorias “homossexualidade”, “visibilidade” e “identidade de gênero e sexual”, dando atenção à palavra que fala e à palavra que cala, na pronúncia da diferença sexual, para fazer emergir um corpo trans como radicalidade da diferença sexual e como singularidade de encarnação de uma vida singular guiada por uma ascese dionisíaca: o corpo trans como estética subversiva à conformidade da norma e como convite ao “tornar-se aquilo que é”, um transitar do corpo-fronteiriço por diferentes territorialidades, enlaçado à mitologia antiga e à “literatura menor” de Kafka. O trabalho perscruta os diferentes olhares que se constituíram historicamente sobre o corpo, expondo alguns de seus deslocamentos e efeitos discursivos sobre os modos de pensar a relação corpo - diferença sexual, em articulação com a educação. A estética trans é vista por um exercício de liberdade agonística e uma arte da existência capaz de potencializar no corpo sua verdade primeira e fazer dele um espaço de luta política, resistência, arte-transgressão. Nesse ensaio de criação de uma personagem conceitual (o corpo trans), propõe situá-lo enquanto existência menor, de modo a encarnar um valor político e coletivo frente à arbitrariedade da norma, e enquanto exercício de desterritorialização do masculino e do feminino. Enquanto produção de singularidade, interpela e intervém na educação, exigindo um tratamento ético, de modo a torná-la um espaço de promoção do encontro entre multiplicidades conectadas. / This dissertative text is located in a discursive threshold between sexuality and education. Supported by the tragic and genealogical thought of Nietzsche and Foucault and in the dialogue with Sade, Deleuze and Guattari, Derrida, queer studies, the research presents a trans body perspective as a constitutive dimension of sexual difference. It discusses the notion of sexual difference as boundary and indeterminate dimension of sexuality and questions the paradigm of the inclusion as alleged host of the difference in education. In the discursive field of sexuality, tensions the categories "homosexuality", "visibility" and "gender and sexual identity", paying attention to the word that speaks and to the word that shuts in pronunciation of sexual difference, to the emergence of a trans body as radicality of sexual difference and as uniqueness the embodiment of a singular life guided by a Dionysian asceticism: the trans body as subversive aesthetic to the compliance of the standard and as an invitation to the "become what it is", a transition from body boundary by different territorialities, tied to the old mythology and the "minor literature" of Kafka. The work examines the different views that were historically constituted on the body, exposing some of their movements and discursive effects on the ways of thinking the body relation and sexual difference, in conjunction with education. The trans aesthetic is seen by an exercise of agonistic freedom and an art of existence able to enhance in the body its first truth and make it a political battle space, endurance, art transgression. In this essay of creating a conceptual character (trans body), proposes to situate it as minor existence, in order to embody a collective value against the arbitrariness of the standard, and as an exercise in deterritorialization of male and female. As production of uniqueness, challenges and intervenes in education, requiring an ethical treatment so as to make it a space to promote the meeting among connected multiplicities.

In the usual definition of a Euclidean domain, a ring has a norm function whose codomain is the positive integers. It was noticed by Motzkin in 1949 that the codomain could be replaced by any well-ordered set. This motivated the study of transfinite Euclidean domains in which the codomain of the norm function is replaced by the class of ordinals. We prove that there exists a (transfinitely valued) Euclidean Domain with Euclidean order type for every indecomposable ordinal. Modifying the construction, we prove that there exists a Euclidean Domain with no multiplicative norm. Following a definition of Clark and Murty, we define a set of admissible primes. We develop an algorithm that can be used to find sets of admissible primes in the ring of integers of quadratic extensions of the rationals and provide some examples.