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11	A responsabilidade internacional das empresas transnacionais por ofensas aos direitos humanos Dias, Rosa Maria Pellegrini Baptista 22 April 2009 (has links) Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:28:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosa Maria Pellegrini Baptista Dias.pdf: 938255 bytes, checksum: b7649106fa58c1ea7d8c424fa571921b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-22 / Economic globalization has caused a wide range of new relations and within it, new parties that act across borders. These relations generate, obligations, rights and sometimes, leave behind damages that need to be repaired. Among these new actors the transnational corporations have an important role. They have often reached substantial power in the global scenery in many cases superior to most developing countries. The economic strength held by these corporations in developing countries is one important aspect in this study. By analyzing previous cases, the study intends to demonstrate the possibility of direct international responsibility of transnational corporations. Through the definition of transnational corporation, this paper brings an historical approach of the International Law doctrine and sovereignty considering the evolution of these concepts. In an attempt to place the international responsibility currently, the work studies the correlation between globalization and the need for investments by developing countries without disregarding the problematic side of it, especially when human rights are in jeopardy. Finally, the types of responsibility are discussed and the convenience or inconvenience of establishing methods for these actors to be hold responsible is analyzed / A globalização econômica inaugurou uma gama de relações entre os vários Estados, ampliando as partes que atuam no plano internacional e gerando direitos e obrigações. Entretanto esta atuação é responsável, muitas vezes, por provocar danos passíveis de reparação. Dentre os novos atores que assumiram lugar de destaque no cenário atual, encontram-se as empresas transnacionais que alcançaram, nos últimos tempos, poderio econômico muitas vezes superior ao de países em desenvolvimento. A análise das relações empreendidas por estas empresas nos países é um dos pontos abordados por este estudo. Por meio da pesquisa de casos práticos pretende-se indagar sobre a possibilidade de responsabilização internacional das empresas transnacionais, quando agirem em desconformidade com os princípios protetores dos Direitos Humanos, causando danos aos indivíduos nos países em que atuam. A partir da definição do que seja uma empresa transnacional, o trabalho faz uma abordagem histórica do Direito Internacional Público e da soberania, analisando a evolução do conceito. Objetivando situar, na atual conjuntura, a responsabilidade internacional, procedemos a uma avaliação breve sobre a globalização e a busca incessante dos países em desenvolvimento por investimentos e divisas, apontando os malefícios que podem ser ocasionados por esta ânsia desenvolvimentista, especialmente no que tange aos Direitos Humanos. Finalizando, analisamos os tipos de responsabilização existentes e a conveniência ou não de se estabelecerem métodos para responsabilizar estes agentes bem como a viabilidade de criação de uma corte internacional com esta finalidade Empresa transnacional Soberania Direitos humanos Responsabilidade social das empresas Transnational corporation Soveregnity Responsability
12	Internacionalização de empresas produtoras de insumos básicos de países em desenvolvimento: análise das indústrias de aço e de cimento Colantuono, Albino Fernando [UNESP] 02 March 2009 (has links) (PDF) Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:12:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 colantuono_af_me_arafcf.pdf: 789439 bytes, checksum: f0c0a0bfd7d5c22779ddf5b89901b9d6 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A partir dos anos 1980, as empresas transnacionais elevaram o envolvimento em atividades produtivas no exterior, em resposta ao acirramento da concorrência provocado pela globalização. A internacionalização produtiva não se limitou somente a empresas de nações desenvolvidas, já que algumas empresas de países em desenvolvimento também procuraram a expansão de suas atividades internacionais. Esta dissertação examina a internacionalização produtiva de empresas produtoras de insumos básicos (aço e cimento) provenientes de alguns países em desenvolvimento e, assim, procura identificar as estratégias adotadas pelas empresas selecionadas: Gerdau, Tata Steel, Techint, Cemex e Votorantim. Além do exame de artigos teóricos sobre internacionalização de empresas, foram caracterizadas as estruturas de mercado e a dinâmica competitiva das indústrias do aço e do cimento, procedimento importante para a compreensão do ambiente competitivo em que são definidas e operacionalizadas as estratégias de internacionalização das empresas. Com informações relevantes em artigos, relatórios anuais e em sítios das empresas, reconstruíram-se as trajetórias de crescimento delas, tanto no mercado doméstico como em outros países. Adicionalmente, elaborou-se um indicador de internacionalização produtiva (IP), o qual se demonstrou consistente na comparação entre o grau de internacionalização de cada empresa. Concluiu-se que as firmas de países em desenvolvimento encaminharam suas atividades ao exterior por diversas razões, como a busca de novos mercados, a procura de ganhos de eficiência, a busca por recursos naturais, ou mesmo, para a aquisição de conhecimentos técnicos. A busca de mercados foi a principal motivação, estratégia fortalecida com o controle de canais de distribuição. As empresas apresentaram trajetórias de internacionalização consistentes... / Since the 1980s, transnational companies have increased their involvement in productive activities abroad, in response to a worsening of the competition caused by globalization. The internationalization of the production system was not limited only to companies from developed nations, but also to companies in developing countries. This dissertation examines the internationalization of the production system in basic materials (steel and cement) companies from some developing countries and therefore seeks to identify the strategies adopted by the selected corporations (Gerdau, Tata Steel, Techint, Cemex and Votorantim). To achieve the proposed objectives, in addition to analysis from texts on internationalization, were also characterized the structures of the market and competitive dynamics of the industries of steel and cement, an important procedure for the understanding of the competitive environment in which are stablished strategies for internationalization of enterprises. With relevant information in articles, annual reports and websites, it was possible to reconstruct the trajectories of growth in both the domestic market and in other countries. Additionally, an indicator for international production (IP), which appeared very consistent, was developed to compare the level of internationalization of each company. It was noticed that firms from developing countries sent their activities abroad for a variety of reasons, starting from the search for new markets, the highly demand for gains in efficiency, the search for natural resources or even the acquisition of expertise. However, the attempt for market seeking figures as the main motivation, as well as the controlling of distribution channels in order to strengthen the strategy. Companies displayed consistent internationalization trajectories as well as coherent histories of their locations, capabilities and economic potential... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) Economia Relações econômicas internacionais Empresas multinacionais Ação Católica Operária (Brasil) Cimento - Industria Internationalization Transnational Corporation Foreign Direct Investment
13	Internacionalização de empresas produtoras de insumos básicos de países em desenvolvimento : análise das indústrias de aço e de cimento / Colantuono, Albino Fernando. January 2009 (has links) Orientador: Marcelo Silva Pinho / Banca: Célio Hiratuka / Banca: Rogério Gomes / Resumo: A partir dos anos 1980, as empresas transnacionais elevaram o envolvimento em atividades produtivas no exterior, em resposta ao acirramento da concorrência provocado pela globalização. A internacionalização produtiva não se limitou somente a empresas de nações desenvolvidas, já que algumas empresas de países em desenvolvimento também procuraram a expansão de suas atividades internacionais. Esta dissertação examina a internacionalização produtiva de empresas produtoras de insumos básicos (aço e cimento) provenientes de alguns países em desenvolvimento e, assim, procura identificar as estratégias adotadas pelas empresas selecionadas: Gerdau, Tata Steel, Techint, Cemex e Votorantim. Além do exame de artigos teóricos sobre internacionalização de empresas, foram caracterizadas as estruturas de mercado e a dinâmica competitiva das indústrias do aço e do cimento, procedimento importante para a compreensão do ambiente competitivo em que são definidas e operacionalizadas as estratégias de internacionalização das empresas. Com informações relevantes em artigos, relatórios anuais e em sítios das empresas, reconstruíram-se as trajetórias de crescimento delas, tanto no mercado doméstico como em outros países. Adicionalmente, elaborou-se um indicador de internacionalização produtiva (IP), o qual se demonstrou consistente na comparação entre o grau de internacionalização de cada empresa. Concluiu-se que as firmas de países em desenvolvimento encaminharam suas atividades ao exterior por diversas razões, como a busca de novos mercados, a procura de ganhos de eficiência, a busca por recursos naturais, ou mesmo, para a aquisição de conhecimentos técnicos. A busca de mercados foi a principal motivação, estratégia fortalecida com o controle de canais de distribuição. As empresas apresentaram trajetórias de internacionalização consistentes... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Since the 1980s, transnational companies have increased their involvement in productive activities abroad, in response to a worsening of the competition caused by globalization. The internationalization of the production system was not limited only to companies from developed nations, but also to companies in developing countries. This dissertation examines the internationalization of the production system in basic materials (steel and cement) companies from some developing countries and therefore seeks to identify the strategies adopted by the selected corporations (Gerdau, Tata Steel, Techint, Cemex and Votorantim). To achieve the proposed objectives, in addition to analysis from texts on internationalization, were also characterized the structures of the market and competitive dynamics of the industries of steel and cement, an important procedure for the understanding of the competitive environment in which are stablished strategies for internationalization of enterprises. With relevant information in articles, annual reports and websites, it was possible to reconstruct the trajectories of growth in both the domestic market and in other countries. Additionally, an indicator for international production (IP), which appeared very consistent, was developed to compare the level of internationalization of each company. It was noticed that firms from developing countries sent their activities abroad for a variety of reasons, starting from the search for new markets, the highly demand for gains in efficiency, the search for natural resources or even the acquisition of expertise. However, the attempt for market seeking figures as the main motivation, as well as the controlling of distribution channels in order to strengthen the strategy. Companies displayed consistent internationalization trajectories as well as coherent histories of their locations, capabilities and economic potential... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre Economia. Relações econômicas internacionais. Empresas multinacionais. Cimento - Industria. Internationalization. eng Transnational Corporation. eng Foreign Direct Investment. eng
14	Разработка стратегии развития транснациональной корпорации : магистерская диссертация / Establishing the development strategy for a transnational corporation Хумран, Р. В., Khumran, R. W. January 2021 (has links) В работе рассмотрены теоретико-методические основы разработки стратегии развития транснациональной корпорации. Проведён анализ эффективности стратегии развития транснациональной корпорации Bayer AG. На основе корреляционно-регрессионного анализа разработана модель по влиянию отдельных факторов на эффективность текущей стратегии развития корпорации. Разработаны предложения по формированию стратегии развития корпорации, что позволит повысить его конкурентную позицию на мировом фармацевтическом рынок. / The paper examines the theoretic and methodical basis for the development strategy of a transnational corporation. An analysis of the effectiveness of Bayer AG's development strategy has been carried out. On the basis of correlation and regression analysis, a model has been developed on the influence of individual factors on the effectiveness of the current strategy of the corporation's development. Proposals have been developed to form a strategy for the development of the corporation, which will increase its competitive position in the global pharmaceutical market. СТРАТЕГИЯ АНАЛИЗ БИЗНЕС-ЕДИНИЦА ИЕРАРХИЯ ФАКТОРЫ ВЛИЯНИЯ MASTER'S THESIS TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATION STRATEGY STRATEGIC POSITION ANALYSIS CORRELATION-REGRESSION MODEL PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY BUSINESS UNIT HIERARCHY INFLUENCING FACTORS
15	La responsabilité sociale des entreprises transnationales : études de cas sur les audits sociaux et les droits des travailleurs en Chine Hamelin, Mathieu 07 1900 (has links) À l’heure actuelle, la régulation des chaines mondiales de production dépend principalement de mécanismes non étatiques tels que les codes de conduite et les audits sociaux implantés par les entreprises, les ONG et les organisations internationales. Dans cette recherche, nous évaluons si les audits menés par Nike, Adidas et Puma peuvent contribuer à renforcer les droits des travailleurs chinois. À l’aide d’entrevues réalisées sur le terrain auprès d’auditeurs et d’ONG, nous avons conceptualisé quatre conditions de base, lesquelles concernent la participation directe des travailleurs, le développement de capacités locales, le respect de la liberté d’association et la professionnalisation du travail d’auditeur social. Notre étude conclut que des étapes restent à franchir afin que les audits deviennent des outils d’avancement des droits fondamentaux. L’enjeu prioritaire demeure le développement de structures démocratiques afin de permettre aux ouvriers de former des syndicats libres et de négocier leurs propres conventions de travail. / Current regulation of global supply chains mainly relies on non state mechanisms such as codes of conduct and social audits implemented by corporations, non governmental organizations (NGOs) and international organizations. This research seeks to assess if the audits carried out by Nike, Adidas and Puma can help strengthen the rights of Chinese workers. Through field work interviews conducted with auditors and NGOs, four basic conditions were defined and involve direct participation of workers, local capacity building, respect of freedom of association and professionalization of social auditors. The outcome of the study reveals progress still needs to be achieved for audits to become tools for the advancement of fundamental rights. The primary issue remains the development of democratic systems to allow workers to form free unions and negotiate their own collective labour agreements. Responsabilité sociale Audit social Code de conduite Chaine de production Chine Nike Liberté d'association Norme Entreprise transnationale Droit du travail Corporate social responsibility Social audit Code of conduct Supply chain China Freedom of Association Norm Transnational Corporation International Labour Standard
16	La responsabilité sociale des entreprises transnationales : études de cas sur les audits sociaux et les droits des travailleurs en Chine Hamelin, Mathieu 07 1900 (has links) À l’heure actuelle, la régulation des chaines mondiales de production dépend principalement de mécanismes non étatiques tels que les codes de conduite et les audits sociaux implantés par les entreprises, les ONG et les organisations internationales. Dans cette recherche, nous évaluons si les audits menés par Nike, Adidas et Puma peuvent contribuer à renforcer les droits des travailleurs chinois. À l’aide d’entrevues réalisées sur le terrain auprès d’auditeurs et d’ONG, nous avons conceptualisé quatre conditions de base, lesquelles concernent la participation directe des travailleurs, le développement de capacités locales, le respect de la liberté d’association et la professionnalisation du travail d’auditeur social. Notre étude conclut que des étapes restent à franchir afin que les audits deviennent des outils d’avancement des droits fondamentaux. L’enjeu prioritaire demeure le développement de structures démocratiques afin de permettre aux ouvriers de former des syndicats libres et de négocier leurs propres conventions de travail. / Current regulation of global supply chains mainly relies on non state mechanisms such as codes of conduct and social audits implemented by corporations, non governmental organizations (NGOs) and international organizations. This research seeks to assess if the audits carried out by Nike, Adidas and Puma can help strengthen the rights of Chinese workers. Through field work interviews conducted with auditors and NGOs, four basic conditions were defined and involve direct participation of workers, local capacity building, respect of freedom of association and professionalization of social auditors. The outcome of the study reveals progress still needs to be achieved for audits to become tools for the advancement of fundamental rights. The primary issue remains the development of democratic systems to allow workers to form free unions and negotiate their own collective labour agreements. Responsabilité sociale Audit social Code de conduite Chaine de production Chine Nike Liberté d'association Norme Entreprise transnationale Droit du travail Corporate social responsibility Social audit Code of conduct Supply chain China Freedom of Association Norm Transnational Corporation International Labour Standard
17	Transnational Corporations and Human Rights : Assessing the position of TNCs within international human rights law, and the appropriateness of an international treaty on business and human rights Söderlund, Erik January 2018 (has links) Transnational corporations are playing an important role in the global economy of today. Many of these corporations have great economic resources and have the possibility of contributing to the development of societies in developing states. At the same time, in their search for profit, the activities of TNCs have proven fatal to some of the individuals employed by them, or otherwise in contact with their activities. Within the international legal framework, corporations are not traditionally treated as subjects and if a TNC allocates its production to a state with lax human rights protection, no binding international standards exist to regulate the conduct of the corporation. In my thesis I will assess the position of TNCs under the present core human rights instruments and soft law initiatives. I will also analyze a draft treaty text produced by the Intergovernmental Working Group on Business and Human Rights, released in July 2018, to reach a conclusion on whether such an instrument would affect the international legal status of TNCs and provide a more robust protection of international human rights. Human rights corporation corporations transnational corporation transnational corporations business businesses TNC TNCs treaty law draft treaty intergovernmental woking group United Nations Bhopal Rana Plaza international law Ruggie John Ruggie Ruggie pricniples pillar labour labour law labour rights CSR Corporate social responsibility guiding principles UN global compact global compact ILO jus cogens customary law OECD ICCPR ICESCR state-centrism Bilateral investment treaty ILC WTO World trade organization International law commission legal personality företag mänskliga rättigheter traktat traktaträtt juridisk person folkrätt internationell rätt FN Förenta Nationerna Ruggie Jhon Ruggie Arbetsrätt Globala målen företagspolicy Amnesty International Human Rights Watch Law (excluding Law and Society)

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