Master of Regional and Community Planning / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning / Jae Hong-Kim / The concept of Live-Work-Play has grown in popularity in the field of planning, as various strands of the planning literature increasingly have highlighted the potential benefits of providing places to live, work, and play in close proximity. This study explores the theoretical foundations of the Live-Work-Play concept and discusses its effectiveness as a strategy for creating vibrant urban areas by reforming the spatial arrangement of the built environments. More specifically, the present study empirically examines how the segregation or the mixture of places to live, work, and play may create differences in terms of growth, inequality, education, the built environment, and transportation by analyzing the Boston metropolitan region as an example. The empirical analysis with the use of census tract level socio-economic data shows that the Live-Work-Play mixes can encourage more desirable travel patterns, while the mixes may not significantly promote growth in small areas. However, the analysis also revealed racial and income inequalities exist in the provision of the mixes in the Boston region. These findings suggest planners carefully should consider the equity issues when adopting the Live-Work-Play concept and providing its potential benefits.

Syfte: Att undersöka de potentiella fördelarna vid implementering av Lean-baserade metoder för att möta prestanda, tillgänglighet och effektivitet i transportsystemet samt användningen av en varuflödesplan för att identifiera slöseri. Vidare, att observera hur fördelarna med en ruttoptimering kan minimera slöseri och reducera kostnader relaterade till transport samt minskningen av miljöutsläpp, stadsbuller och säkerhet. Metod och genomförande: För att uppnå syftet med denna studie och att besvara forskningsfrågorna har en fallstudie och en litteraturstudie kombinerats och genomförts. Fallstudien innehåller observationer och intervjuer som har genomförts för att samla in information om hur fallföretaget arbetar med transport dagligen, användningen av standardisering och effektivisering samt hantering av ruttplanering. Vidare har en implementering utförts av de föreslagna ruttoptimeringsmetoderna för att få större förståelse för de föreslagna metoderna och litteraturen. Slutligen har en analys och diskussion genomförts där de empiriska resultaten studerats och jämförts med litteraturstudien. Resultat: Genomförandet av Lean-baserade metoder för att identifiera och minska slöseri baserat på prestationsmätningsverktyg, såsom värdeflödekartläggning och användningen av ruttoptimering, har visat flera fördelar. De identifierade fördelarna var kortare körtider för chaufförerna, en minskad total kilometersträcka, en mer optimerad fyllnadsgrad i lastbilarna samt mer effektiv tid vid lastning och lossning av gods. Den sistnämna fördelen påverkar främst tillgängligheten och prestandan av den totala fordon- och chaufförseffektiviteten. En del av fördelarna var tolkbara i monetära termer för att ge insikt om hur de eventuella kostnadsbesparingarna. Rekommendationer: För att få bättre och mer djupgående resultat i framtida studier, föreslås att: fallföretaget kartlägger alla transporter som utförs för att bedöma lönsamheten i vissa körrutter samt för att undersöka hur all transport kan uppdelas geografiskt med hjälp av presenterat material i denna studie; noggrannare observationer av förare under andra veckodagar för att identifiera ytterligare problemområden och förbättringsmöjligheter; standardisera och implementera Lean metoder i närliggande processer i verksamheten för fortsatt strävan efter en lönsam verksamhet, till exempel genom att granska mottagandet av varor från leverantörer och utvärdera möjligheten med att ha lokala leverantörer; slutligen, all personal ska utbilda sig inom Lean och standardiserat arbete för att ytterligare eliminera och minska interna NIT-aktiviteter, såsom väntetid. / Purpose: To explore the possible benefits with the implementation of Lean methods to measure performance, availability and efficiency in transportation, including the use of a value stream map to identify waste. Furthermore, to observe how the benefits with a route optimization eventually can minimize waste and reduce costs related to transportation as well as the reduction of environmental emissions, urban noise and security. Methodology: To achieve the purpose of this study and to solve the research questions, a case study and a literature study has been combined and carried out. The case study contains observations and interviews which has been executed in order to gather information related to how the case-company work with transportation on a daily basis, the usage of standardization and the management of route planning. Moreover, an implementation of the proposed route optimizations has been executed with the purpose of gaining knowledge related to the outcome. Finally, an analysis and discussion has been performed where the empirical results are studied and compared with the literature findings. Findings: The implementation of Lean methods to identify and reduce waste based on performance measuring tools, such as value stream mapping and the use of route optimization, showed several advantages. The identified advantages were shorter driving schedules for the chauffeurs, a reduced overall mile distance, a more optimal degree of filling in the driver trucks and more efficient time spent while loading and unloading the trucks. The last advantage mainly affecting the availability and performance of the overall vehicle efficiency. Some of the advantages were interpretable into monetary terms in order to provide an insight into any cost savings. Recommendations: To gain better and more profound results in any further studies, it is suggested that: the case company map out all transports carried out in order to assess the profitability of certain driving routes, as well as to examine how all transport can be geographically divided using the presented material in this study; more thorough observations of drivers during other weekdays to further identify problem areas and improvement opportunities ought to be done; standardization and implementation of Lean methods in related processes in the company for continued pursuit of profitable operations. For example, by reviewing the receipt of goods from suppliers and reviewing the option of having local suppliers; lastly, all staff gets training and education of Lean methods and standardized work for additional elimination and reduction of internal NIT activities, such as waiting time.

This thesis presents a comparison of fuel consumption and transportation efficiency of various transport vehicles in primary agricultural production. The first part deals with the possibility of transport of materials in agriculture. The following is a description of the compared vehicles. Finally, it describes the methodology of calculation of fuel consumption vehicles, which are then compared.

[pt] A indústria offshore vive atualmente a quarta revolução industrial que traz novos desafios para a cadeia de suprimentos e exige a implementação de paradigmas clássicos como a filosofia Lean, a fim de aumentar a eficiência e aprimorar processos, obtendo vantagens competitivas sustentáveis que são requisitos base para a transformação digital. Entretanto, ainda é limitada a aplicação do Lean no setor de transporte rodoviário e há escassez de estudos práticos sobre como o Lean Transportation (LT) pode apoiar a melhoria das operações offshore. Dessa forma, objetiva-se aplicar técnicas do LT para reduzir desperdícios no processo de transporte dedicado destinados à cadeia de suprimentos offshore de uma empresa de grande porte do setor de óleo e gás. Para isso utilizou-se uma pesquisa-ação com abordagem multimétodo por meio de scoping review, grupos focais e observação participante e aplicação de ferramentas Lean como o Value Stream Mapping (VSM) para identificar desperdícios presentes no processo e possibilidades de melhoria competitiva para a área interna de logística da empresa em análise, permitindo uma logística de transporte planejada com nível de serviço adequado às necessidades do cliente. Como produto, observou-se a redução de desperdícios principalmente nas etapas de espera de carregamento e descarregamento em transporte rodoviário dedicado por meio de um caso de intervenção real, resultando na implementação de ações de controle, automatização e aprimoramento das atividades com redução expressiva do tempo de inatividade do processo, ganho monetário de 6.300.000,00 reais por ano para a operação e produtos como questionário de benchmarking, protocolo de pesquisa-ação e ciclo PDCA que podem ser aplicados em outras empresas do mesmo segmento. Também foram identificados, qualitativamente, desperdícios associados a esforço humano e recursos digitais mal-empregados ou não implementados. / [en] The offshore industry is currently experiencing the fourth industrial revolution that brings new challenges to the supply chain and requires the implementation of classical paradigms such as Lean philosophy in order to increase efficiency and improve processes, obtaining sustainable competitive advantages that are basic requirements for digital transformation. However, the application of Lean in the trucking industry is still limited and there is a dearth of practical studies on how Lean Transportation (LT) can support the improvement of offshore operations. Thus, the objective is to apply LT techniques to reduce waste in the dedicated transportation process for the offshore supply chain of a large oil and gas company. To do so, it was used action research with a multi-method approach through scoping review, focus groups and participant observation and application of Lean tools such as Value Stream Mapping (VSM) to identify waste present in the process and possibilities of competitive improvement for the internal logistics area of the company under analysis, allowing a planned transport logistics with a level of service appropriate to customer needs. As a result, there was a reduction in waste mainly in the waiting stages of loading and unloading in dedicated road transport through a real intervention case, resulting in the implementation of control actions, automation and improvement of activities with a significant reduction in downtime of the process, monetary gain of BRL 6,300,000.00 per year for the operation and products such as a benchmarking questionnaire, action research protocol and PDCA cycle that can be applied to other companies in the same segment. We also identified, qualitatively, waste associated with human effort and digital resources misused or not implemented.