The establishment of a UNESCO Biosphere indicates a shift from traditional conservation of individual areas towards a more regional approach and an inclusive planning and management regime. This study sets out to investigate the effects of the Biosphere Reserve designation in Mount Carmel, Israel, with special regard to settlement development and stakeholder management. The implications of the Biosphere Reserve designation have been explored through GIS analysis, using LANDSAT satellite data, and through interviews, observations and participatory checking. The empirical findings were analysed in relation to the Biosphere Reserve Statutory Framework, and to theories on territorialisation, space production and participatory planning. The findings suggest that the Biosphere Reserve designation have had very limited effects in the case of Mount Carmel. Settlements have continued to expand into protected areas, and there is no organised structure for stakeholder participation. This study underlines the value of considering context and history in the establishment of protected areas, and the importance of establishing the Biosphere Reserve concept among the different stakeholders. / GLEAN - A Global Survey of Learning, Participation and Ecosystem Management in Biosphere Reserves

No description available.

Globalization and neo-liberal practices have influenced education and schooling in various ways, particularly through curricula. As a result, interest in elementary school, particularly kindergarten, education has been generated by supranational organizations; specifically the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), as well as international organizations such as the European Union and numerous federal and provincial governments, including the Canadian, Ontario and Hellenic governments. This research explores how democratic citizenship education is reflected in kindergarten curricula in Ontario, Canada and Hellas, Greece. Because of growing concerns with democratic citizenship education, in this study, I have analyzed and compared the kindergarten education curricula of Ontario and Hellas in terms of democratic citizenship education and how it is reflected in their respective curricula. I analyzed supplementary and supportive reports, guides and other educational documents about democratic citizenship education published by supranational and international organizations. In order to accomplish this, I utilized a critical pedagogic perspective through Critical Discourse Analysis. In addition, important concerns about citizenship education in kindergarten are discussed and recommendations for curriculum studies are provided. This study is significant in its exploration of the ways that democratic citizenship education is being reflected in kindergarten curricula in Ontario and Hellas and in the revelation of similarities and differences between them, as well as within a global context.

Interest in the power of heads of field offices in the United Nations Organization (UN) began with the researcher's appointment to such a position and with anecdotal suggestions that any explanation of the powers they held would be complex. For these reasons, this study has the research aim of explaining the power of some UN heads of field offices. The study focusses on seven heads of field offices in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Literature searches indicated that no academic study had been made of any UN field work but the searches produced considerable literature on the UN and a wide range of theories about organizations, leadership and power, related issues of ethics and rationality and useful concepts from the work of Weber and Foucault. The research is interpretive. A case study and an appropriate conceptual framework were designed to reflect both the literature and the three research questions that promote the aim: organizational bureaucracy, organizational capital and frontline work are the guiding concepts. Because case studies may be challenged for possible lack of rigour and for validity, a number of data collection and analysis methods were used to promote reliability: both the data sources and the analysis checks included participants, UNESCO documents and information from other international bodies. Appropriate literature is also used for theoretical analysis. The results are presented progressively in three chapters, each chapter focussing on one framework concept and its appropriate question. The relevant data are presented and theoretical analysis, including selected concepts from Weber and Foucault, suggests answers to each question posed. The research results suggest that in the organization the participants gain power from UNESCO's intellectual and ethical purpose but are constrained in its use by processes of the bureaucracy, especially its lines of communication. The participants also have considerable power in organizational capital that includes tangible capital of qualifications, experience, skills, high level of position, the resources of the post in which they work and the intangible capital of the assumptions they hold about their work. At the frontline, although constrained by bureaucratic processes that limit their time for programme work, participants report valuable contributions to UNESCO's development and advocacy work: they gain power fiom proximity to the countries they serve and from their ethical motivation. They also gain some power in the freedom of distance from their headquarters, thus weakening the possible double jeopardy by being in a class-at-the-frontline and being in a group-not-in-headquarters. The final chapter brings all suggestions together and examines participants' power for sources (as rights or capacities), limitations (as control or domination) and agency (with compliance and resistance); when these perspectives are combined in a circle of power, the study suggests a Janus syndrome in which participants paradoxically are powerful/powerless agents, sited as they are between the power provision and constraints of both their bureaucracy and the governments and other bodies with whom they work.

Dissertation (LL.M.)--University of Cape Town, 2005 / Available in PDF format via the World Wide Web.

In this thesis I study how geneticist and racebiologist Gunnar Dahlberg, through his own writings and participation in the UNESCO statements on ”race”, came to define the concepts of ”race” and ”science”. Dahlberg was a stark opponent of the ”Nazi race doctrine”. He was also in a unique position as head of the State Institute for Human Genetics and Race Biology, during the period here examined. Questions have recently been raised as to how to understand scientists like Dahlberg when he, as well as many other antiracists of his time, did not deny the existence of visible and scientifically provable ”races”. One conlusion I draw is that Dahlberg, nevertheless, in many ways sought to replace the ”race” concepts in his time, for the biological concept of ”isolates”. I also state, in accordance with what other historians of scientific racism has shown, especially when dealing with the UNESCO statements, that the furthering of biological notions was upheld by other scientific areas, such as anthropology. The case was also vice versa, making ”race” at its core biological, but to its exterior a question of social environment. Relying on Thomas F. Gieryns theories of Boundary-work, I want to further our knowledge of how this was made possible. The aim is to show how Dahlberg, rethorically, drew boundaries for the ”scientific truth” about ”race”. I also intend to shed some light on how these contests for authority where percieved and related to by others. In this respect, one conclusion is that concepts of ”modernity”, and different uses of history where employed as demarcations. I will also show how, in dealing with the criticism of the statements, UNESCO produced a pluralist concept of science. Withall, this is a history that raises important questions about science, politics, and the work – consensuses and contests – that foregoes the categories later used to describe and, or, divide human beings.

abstract: According to UNESCO's 2010 survey results of 58 member countries, 34 of the countries had less than 1 percent of children enrolled in special education programs. Ten of these countries provided special education provision for less than .01 percent of children. However, the demand to educate students with disabilities in inclusive educational settings continues to grow. Thus, there are many national initiatives aimed at finding ways of creating forms of inclusive educational settings that can respond to children with special needs. In this study, the purpose was to better understand the processes of local adaptation and modification of UNESCO's inclusive education policies, the possible resistances to global forces in inclusive education in Turkey, and the consequences of the implications of those policies in Ankara, Turkey from local educators' views. With that goal in mind, recently adopted Turkish inclusive educational policies implemented after the Salamanca Statement in 1994 were reviewed on a selective basis. The discussion of the policy and document analysis section helped to make connections between the global inclusive education policy changes and local practices in the Turkish education system. In the second part of the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with local educators in Ankara (teachers, administrators, and academic advisors) and policy makers from the Ministry of National Education. An analysis of the interview data highlighted the various complexities, tensions, and inadequacies in the conceptualization of inclusive education in Turkish public primary schools that study participants have observed and experienced. In light of the findings, possible reasons behind the gap between theory and practice and the discrepancies between Western and Turkish interpretations of inclusive education in Turkey are discussed. In the current inclusive education system in Turkey, the challenge of modifying deeply held attitudes at both personal and institutional levels, providing clearly constructed inclusive education policies and approaches, offering appropriate training to key stakeholders, and making adequate resources available appear to be the primary issues for moving forward with full inclusion initiatives. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction 2010

Despite a constant rise in the attainment of Sats results year on year, the perception remains that British primary school children are underachieving and that they are reluctant readers and writers. In order to motivate their students, some teachers use films as a visual stimulus to provide students with ideas and create a personal and emotion connection with the written text. In the school years of 2013/14 I followed 21 primary classes which were taking part in a ‘film literacy’ scheme run by Bradford UNESCO City of Film. This initiative saw the training of teachers in the use of film as a tool in literacy lesson with the hope to raise attainment and motivation. Students and teachers completed questionnaires and interviews which were analysed in conjunction with observations and the students’ literacy grades. The research showed that both students and teachers recorded an increase in motivation. Further, significant progress in attainment also became evident: film literacy students raised their grades by 23.3% beyond the expected year-on-year increase. Improvements in inference, comprehension and vocabulary were especially praised. Students from schools with a low-income environment benefitted in particular. The research discusses six potential reasons for these changes, two of which are based on the belief that film is a particularly suitable medium for teaching as it engages students emotionally. Although the thesis acknowledges that Bradford involved a unique group of schools in the film literacy training and research, it nevertheless argues that film could be useful addition to primary classrooms due to its potential ability to raise standards and engage reluctant young writers.

I följande arbete undersöks förståelsen av kulturarv i stadsförnyelse. Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka hur lokala och globala uppfattningar av kulturarv styr och samspelar med utvecklingen av städer samt bygga upp en förståelse för hur kulturmiljöer och narrativ tolkas och tillämpas när stadens förnyas. Detta gjordes genom en fallstudie av Habana Vieja, den historiska stadskärnan i Havanna. Avgränsningen till Habana Vieja som fall grundade sig i dess position som världsarvsstad med ett kolonialt förflutet och dess pågående stadsutveckling, där UNESCO agerar som global aktör.Arbetets teoretiska ramverk grundades i ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv. Synen på kunskap, berättelser och platser förklaras som socialt konstruerade, vilket gjorde att kulturarven kunde analyseras och förstås utifrån dess specifika kontext. Tolkningar av Habana Viejas kulturarv analyserades genom både tid, plats och narrativ för att en förståelse för dess sammanhang skulle utrönas. Kvalitativa metoder valdes för att jag skulle kunna tolka och analysera datainsamlingen i den sociala verklighet som den befann sig i. Fältarbetet i Habana Vieja gav en direkt insyn i hur kulturarven samspelar med stadsutvecklingen medan analysen av myndighetsdokument presenterade den bild som aktörerna ville ge utåt. Utifrån de premisserna analyserades fallet Habana Vieja utifrån övergripande och platsspecifika nivåer för att kunna både bredda och fördjupa förståelsen för kulturarvets roll i stadsförnyelsen. Analysen påvisade att kulturarven i Habana Vieja integreras i stadsförnyelsen. Kulturarven förklaras som historiska men de bedöms efter sin relation till nutiden. Kulturarvens primära användningsområde är sammanlänkat med synen på kulturarv som resurser för att legitimera framtida stadsutveckling, snarare än bärare av ett arv. UNESCOs globala beskyddande av kulturarv verkar vidare påverka sociala, ekonomiska och planeringsrelaterade aspekter i Habana Vieja.

303f. / Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-11T19:57:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Mariella Vieiraseg.pdf: 2548489 bytes, checksum: d251f7ee4da3d49fc92c67acdf53925b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Alice Ribeiro(malice@ufba.br) on 2013-05-07T14:27:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Mariella Vieiraseg.pdf: 2548489 bytes, checksum: d251f7ee4da3d49fc92c67acdf53925b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-07T14:27:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Mariella Vieiraseg.pdf: 2548489 bytes, checksum: d251f7ee4da3d49fc92c67acdf53925b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / A esfera cultural vem se tornando uma instância protagonista de legitimação e visibilidade das práticas sociais na contemporaneidade. Sua ascensão é fruto de um concurso de fatores possibilitados por um contexto sócio-histórico no qual temas relativos às questões de identidade e diferença ganham visibilidade acentuada. Parte-se aqui da hipótese de que instituições como a Unesco vem contribuindo para elevar o tema da cultura a uma pauta importante para a agenda política internacional. O objetivo dessa tese foi o de investigar o papel Unesco enquanto narradora de categorias de compreensão social (acerca da noção de cultura e seus imediatos corolários, a exemplo da idéia de diversidade cultural) que acabam por orientar práticas e saberes dos agentes implicados na esfera cultural. Optou-se por tomar os bastidores da elaboração da Convenção da Unesco sobre a Promoção e a Proteção da Diversidade das Expressões Culturais como caminho empírico para ilustrar a problemática eleita pela pesquisa. Amparando-se no modelo analítico das configurações do sociólogo Norbert Elias, buscou-se mapear a complexa trama de interdependências que se forjou em torno da formulação do referido tratado de modo a compreender as vicissitudes do processo (identificação de atores sociais, lutas por definição de sentido, enfim, as disputas de poder inerentes ao processo) que resultaram na cosmologia presente no texto da convenção. / Salvador