As the ages of gang criminality lower, the need for other perspectives is necessary. This study poses the question “why and how should literature featuring child soldiers be used to discuss human rights violations in the classroom in upper secondary school?” and deconstructs the binaries childhood-innocence and victim-perpetrator in the novel Beasts of No Nation by Uzodinma Iweala. This study utilises Paolo Freire and bell hooks’ radical pedagogical theory to bridge the gap between child soldiers in other countries and those that are involved in criminality in Sweden. The agency of child soldiers in their victimisation of civilians and other combatants is something that requires further nuance as well as the assumption that child soldiers have lost their innocence and childhood upon entering combat, without consideration for the violence that might have occurred before combat. Thus, further nuance is required in order to engage in fruitful discussions concerning child soldiers worldwide.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Objective: Nutritional assessment and diagnosis of malnutrition in pediatric patients is dependent on anthropometric measurements. In macrocephalic children, current anthropometric measures may fail to correctly diagnose malnutrition. The purpose of this study is to determine if the measurement of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) in pediatric patients with macrocephaly better identifies children at nutritional risk as compared to weight-for-length (WFL) or body mass index (BMI). Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study of children aged 6-36 months with a head circumference 2 SD above the mean was performed. Visual assessment was used as the clinical “gold standard” for presence of malnutrition. MUAC was compared to the WFL or BMI for each child to determine which anthropometric measurement better identified presence of malnutrition. Statistics: Two-way contingency tables were used to summarize the relationships between each pair of assessments of whether a child is malnourished. Agreement between the methods was evaluated using kappa statistics and percent agreement. Analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4 ™ statistical software. Results: Twenty patients were included who met study criteria. The mean head circumference z-score was 2.6. The mean BMI/WFL z-score was 0.9, which would qualify the child as “nourished.” Of the 20 children included in the study, 20% (n=4) appeared visually malnourished on physical exam. BMI/WFL confirmed diagnosis of malnutrition in 75% (n=3) of children. MUAC confirmed diagnosis of malnutrition in 75% (n=3) of children. Diagnosis of malnutrition using BMI/WFL as compared to visual assessment had a non-significant p-value of 0.317. Diagnosis of malnutrition using MUAC as compared to visual assessment had a non-significant p-value of 0.317. With a p-value of >0.5, there is no statistically significant difference between BMI/WFL and MUAC in diagnosis of malnutrition. Conclusion: MUAC did not perform better than BMI/WFL at identifying malnutrition in pediatric macrocephalic patients.

Syftet med vår uppsats är att, utifrån begreppen roll, status och auktoritet, lyfta fram gymnasieläraryrkets förändring under perioden 1960-2000. Vi använder oss av en kvalitativ undersökning, baserad på intervjuer med fyra pensionerade gymnasielärare. I vår analys av utvecklingen använder vi oss av teorier från Annales-skolan samt Karl Marx teorier kring generation och arv. Våra resultat visar att det skett flera stora förändringar i gymnasieläraryrket, men att det även finns vissa beståndsdelar som under utvecklingen varit bestående. I vår analys av begreppen roll, status och auktoritet är vår slutsats att gymnasielärarens roll är den del som förändrats mest, men att det även här finns många bestående delar. Statusen är ett element i yrket som också genomgått stora förändringar och minskat betydligt. Auktoriteten har på ett formellt plan avtagit betydligt, medan vi fortfarande kan skönja en bestående reell auktoritet. / The purpose of this essay is to analyse the development of the teacher profession in the upper secondary school during the time period 1960-2000, with regard to the concepts role, status and authority. The investigation has been carried out using a qualitative method with material that has been gathered during interviews with four retired teachers. The analysis has been inspired by the theories of the Annales school as well as the generation and inheritance theories developed by Karl Marx. Our results show that the teacher profession has gone through a number of considerable changes, but also that there are components of the profession that have remained unchanged. In our analysis of the concepts role, status and authority, we have come to the conclusion that the role of the teacher has been the subject of most changes, although many respects of the profession are left unchanged. The status of the profession has also undertaken major changes and decreased severely. Formally, the authority has decreased as well, although in reality a certain authority level can still be perceived.

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No description available.

Background. Sweden is one the countries that have the highest survival rate amongst new companies in all of Europe but still it is only about 60 percent out of start-ups that survive the first five years [51]. The data from looking over longer time periods also shows a 60 percent survival rate for a five-year period [51]. CEO characteristics and strategic choices impact the success and growth of the company and therefore impact whether the company survives or not. Objectives. The purpose of this master thesis is to see how CEO characteristics and strategic choices impact or/and increase company success and growth for small business (SB) in the IT consultant industry in Sweden. The CEO characteristics that will be researched is age, tenure, education, prior work experience and if the current CEO is the founder or not. The strategic choices that will be research is investing resources, cash holdings, different types of mergers and acquisitions and if the expertise within in the business are broad or specialized. Methods. The collected primary and secondary data are retrieved from companies that was defined small in the year 2012 to see their performance until 2019. The primary data was gathered by sending out a survey to CEO in the company. Multiple regression will be used on the data to see what CEO characteristics and strategy choices impact company growth. What CEO characteristics influence the choice of strategy will be research with correlation. Results. The result indicated that CEO education, prior work experience and the CEO being founder had the most impact on company growth out of the CEO characteristics. From the strategic choices the result indicated that investing resources and having a broad expertise had the most impact on company growth. Conclusions. The conclusion indicated that CEO characteristics and strategic choices impact company growth but there was no evidence in this research that the CEO characteristics influenced the choice of strategy.

Master of Science / Strangles is an extremely infectious disease of horses that has negative financial and health consequences. After infection, some horses form balls of concrete-like pus in a structure in an air-filled sac of the ear canal called guttural pouches (GPs). These concretions, called chondroids, allow affected horses to continue to pass on infection to other horses. Removal of chondroids is needed to stop disease transmission but current non-surgical and surgical removal techniques have limitations. Surgical laser passed through an endoscope (medical camera) allows minimally invasive surgery of the guttural pouches. We performed laser surgery on cadaver horse heads to create access to the GP, then evaluated our ability to remove chondroid-like beads from the GP using a custom-made 3D-printed instrument. Our results showed efficient and complete removal of the beads compared to lavage without the 3D-printed instrument, with little damage to the heads. These findings are an initial step to development of a new chondroid-removal technique and may allow surgeons to more efficiently remove chondroids without the need for invasive surgery.

The upper Mississippian (Chesterian) Little Stone Gap Member of the Hinton Formation in southern West Virginia was evaluated for its lithofacies and faunal composition. Petrographic and multivariate analyses were used to provide a better understanding of the ecological factors and sequence stratigraphic processes that controlled taxa ordinations and spatiotemporal shifts in facies. Six carbonate and three siliciclastic facies occur within the study interval and these facies stack into two distinct parasequence types. Siliciclastic facies were deposited in continental, low-energy lagoonal and marginal marine environments. Carbonate facies record variable energy conditions in lagoonal, shoal, shoal flank and open marine settings. Parasequence stacking patterns are interpreted as resulting from regional fifth-order glacioeustatic sea-level changes consistent with established age constraints for fourth-order sequences. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) of paleontological bulk samples produced similar differentiation of habitats into carbonates and siliciclastics thereby demonstrating the importance of interpreting ordination patterns within a facies framework. The combined DCA analysis of samples and taxa indicates that bryozoans, crinoids and rugose corals preferentially occur in carbonate facies whereas brachiopods, the most dominant taxon, are abundant in both. Results suggest the presence of significant paleoenvironmental gradients in fossil associations that correlates to changes in hydrodynamic conditions and substrate composition across the depositional system. / Master of Science

yes / The set of subsystems ∑ (m) of a finite quantum system ∑(n) (with variables in Ζ(n)) together with logical connectives, is a distributive lattice. With regard to this lattice, the ℓ(m | ρn) = Tr (𝔓(m) ρn ) (where 𝔓(m) is the projector to ∑(m)) obeys a supermodularity inequality, and it is interpreted as a lower probability in the sense of the Dempster–Shafer theory, and not as a Kolmogorov probability. It is shown that the basic concepts of the Dempster–Shafer theory (lower and upper probabilities and the Dempster multivaluedness) are pertinent to the quantum formalism of finite systems.