This thesis explores the role of water in urban landscape architectural design and identifies strategies that will conserve and optimise the use of water in the built environment. This is done through selecting a site in Pretoria at the intersection of the Apies River channel and Nelson Mandela drive and designing an Urban Water Centre that explores; exposes and celebrates water in the urban context. The design creates opportunities for kids from nearby schools, students from TUT, residents from the area, pedestrians and tourists to interact on a physical and emotional level with water. Educating people about water conservation is an important aspect of the project and raising awareness is the first step. The design addresses the city-wide need for green public open space and provides opportunities for urbanites to connect with water and the Apies River. This connection is established through the facilitation of significant encounters with water. These include physical contact play with water, creating interest and anticipation around rain events and through translating some of the associated attributes of water into a solid surface. The design approach is influenced by studying the Sustainable Sites Initiative’s ecosystem service approach. Green Star SA is investigated for a possible application to landscape architecture. The findings from the Sustainable Sites Initiative are enhanced by General Systems Theory and then used to generate systems that supports the desired experiences. The first and largest system lifts some of the base flow from the Apies River channel with a waterwheel, where after it is purified in a constructed wetland and a chlorine-free disinfecting process. The clean water is then displayed in a play pond that partially drains through a gravity driven vortex generator. The vortex generator aerates and cools down the water while adding movement; sound and a sense of the passage of time to the human experience. From the vortex, water flows into a constructed pebble lined stream that children can play in and experience stream ecology. The pebbles and vegetation refers back to the Apies River before it was lined with concrete. From the stream the water rejoins the channel. The second on site water system addresses rainwater. The design creates anticipation and curiosity associated with rain events. Rainwater from one of the on site buildings are harvested and displayed in a rain-meter garden. A first-flush system intercepts the first dirty water where after it drizzles down a rain-curtain into a rain-meter system. The rain-meters are large bullet resistant glass tank-like containers, calibrated to show how many millimetres of rain have fallen during the shower. A rain-sensor drains the water into a temporary wetland and lets in percolate into the underground storage tank. The third on site water system treats grey water from buildings through a stepped constructed wetland and displays the cleaned water in a jubilant motion activated display at one of the pedestrian entrances. Water from the rain-meter system; the grey water system and harvested surface runoff all contributes towards meeting the water needs of irrigation and buildings. Other eco-system service strategies identified in the study are applied in the design. These include the protection of on site biomass along with the introduction of region appropriate planting; design for- and use of waste reducing materials and the integration of on site systems to enrich the experience. Copyright / Dissertation (ML(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Architecture / unrestricted

Public spaces are the fundamental elements of urban space. Their quality significantly enhances the quality of urban life. Despite their inevitable significance, the &lsquo / inclusivity&rsquo / of public spaces has been threatened, especially in contemporary cities, primarily by the neoliberal policies, globalization and the recent advances in communication technologies. Besides, the declining &lsquo / inclusivity&rsquo / of public spaces is also resulted from the provision and management policies, leading to exclusive places, rather than creating inclusive spaces for all. Public spaces are no longer inclusive spaces, melting pots of the urban arena. They are rather spaces of exclusion due to exclusionary design and management policies. This research aims to examine the notion of &lsquo / inclusivity&rsquo / of public spaces and to identify the attributes, which describe this notion. It focuses on Gen&ccedil / lik Parki in Ankara &ndash / one of the biggest urban parks in Turkey and one of the most important open public spaces of the Republican regime. It examines the changing &lsquo / inclusivity&rsquo / of this urban park from its construction to nowadays under four historic periods regarding four types of &lsquo / access&rsquo / : physical access, social access, access to activities and discussions, and access to information. Based on the findings, it discusses the factors and urban design strategies for the improvement of the &lsquo / inclusivity&rsquo / of Gen&ccedil / lik Parki. It also makes more general recommendations for the enhancement of the &lsquo / inclusivity&rsquo / of public spaces in the city center of Ankara and other Turkish cities.

The designed building is a proposed Learner's Resource Centre situated in Berea Park. The development will be funded by the European Union and managed by a section 21 company of tertiary institutions and government departments. It creates a community facility that is needed in the Pretoria inner city, addressing lack of study space and urban parks in the CBD. The main building includes a digital library, offices, auditorium, conferencing facilities and a restaurant. This building forms the focus of the investigation, while the rest of the campus development forms part of an Urban Design scheme proposed for the Pretoria inner city. The functions included on the campus are overnight facilities, workshops, classrooms and a multi purpose hall. The thesis is introduced by an investigation into the theory of the meaning in architecture. This includes research in the fields of semiotics and visual culture and the conclusion of that theory into a designed building. / Dissertation (MArch (Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Architecture / unrestricted

No description available.

O Parque Ecológico Tietê (PET), em Ermelino Matarazzo, a leste da região metropolitana de São Paulo, foi criado com o objetivo de preservar as várzeas do rio Tietê. Antes da criação do parque, a região foi palco de várias atividades antrópicas que levaram ao risco de contaminação do solo e águas subterrâneas. A recuperação iniciou-se com o plantio de espécies nativas, o que também promoveu a recolonização da fauna, composta essencialmente de espécies frugívoras. Dentre as espécies de plantas presentes no parque, a palmeira Jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana) é importante por sua ampla distribuição geográfica nos ecossistemas brasileiros. O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender, através de coeficientes de prospecção biogeoquímicos, a interação entre os compartimentos solo, água subterrânea e planta, este último representado pela palmeira Jerivá. Os resultados indicaram que o Jerivá apresentou diferentes coeficientes de absorção entre suas folhas e pecíolos. O estudo também demonstrou que fatores como sazonalidade dentro de um período mínimo de um ano, idade e espécies de plantas devem ser levados em conta em abordagens biogeoquímicas. / The Tietê Ecological Park (PET) in Ermelino Matarazzo, east of the metropolitan area of São Paulo city, was created with the purpose of preserving the floodplains of the Tietê River. Prior to the establishment of the park, the region was scene of several anthropogenic activities which led to high risk of soil and groundwater contamination. Subsequent recovery of the degraded area was aimed through the planting of native plant species, which also promoted the recolonization of the area by the fauna, essentially composed of frugivorous species. Among the plant species introduced in the park, the Jerivá palm tree (Syagrus romanzoffiana) is important for its wide geographical distribution in Brazilian ecosystems. The current study aimed to understand, through biogeochemical prospecting coefficients, the interaction between soil compartments, underground water and plant, the latter represented by the Jerivá palm tree. The results indicated that Jerivá presented different absorption coefficients among its leaves and petioles. The study also demonstrated that factors like seasonality within a minimum period of one year, age and plant species must be taken into account in biogeochemical approaches.

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar os desdobramentos da implantação de um parque linear no distrito de Perus, periferia da cidade de São Paulo. A proposta apresentada em 2008 pela Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo, objetiva remodelar a área do entorno do ribeirão que corta o distrito, em grande parte urbanizada, e transformá-lo em um parque com características sustentáveis de recuperação da vegetação das áreas de várzea, melhoria da qualidade das águas do ribeirão, redução nas enchentes além da criação de áreas de lazer para a população. Entretanto, a proposta fora muito criticada por parte da população e por movimentos sociais, que reivindicavam maior participação nas discussões sobre a proposta de implantação do parque, além de criticarem com veemência as remoções necessárias. O discurso da sustentabilidade acaba por consolidar tais projetos como sendo necessários para o futuro das próximas gerações, atribuindo um peso maior a essas ações. Desta maneira, caminhamos no sentido de compreender como esse projeto pode interferir na vida dos moradores da localidade, entendendo-o como parte do urbanismo contemporâneo, portanto, como uma ação do Estado sobre o espaço, que o concebe sem levar em conta os conteúdos e práticas sociais, produzindo uma periferia em fragmentos passível de se integrarem mais intensamente a lógica da valorização em momentos específicos de reprodução crítica do capital. Para tanto, situamos esse debate no âmbito de uma crítica radical ao processo de produção do espaço urbano nos termos de Henri Lefebvre e toda corrente do pensamento geográfico que passou a se apropriar de tais aparatos teórico-metodológicos. Iniciamos a reflexão compreendendo Perus enquanto um fragmento da periferia formada a partir do processo de metropolização da cidade de São Paulo. Em seguida, discutimos as ações do Estado por meio dos planos e projetos existentes tanto na escala do município quanto na escala local (Plano Diretor Estratégico, Plano Regional e Plano de Bairro), associando ao discurso da sustentabilidade que passa a se firmar institucionalmente enquanto ideologia de desenvolvimento. No momento seguinte, examinamos o projeto do Parque Linear Ribeirão Perus e suas consequências a população local e por fim os movimentos de resistência e a perspectiva de reflexão a prática urbana. Esse percurso foi construído a partir de levantamento bibliográfico e leitura sobre o tema proposto, além de incursões a campo, onde foram realizadas entrevistas e participações em debates, oficinas e eventos; também foram realizadas análises a documentos e leis relativos ao processo de planejamento da área analisada. Desta maneira, a possibilidade de implantação deste parque - associado a perspectiva de raridade que a natureza assume nas grandes cidades nos últimos anos o transforma em um elemento de valorização frente a essa economia financeirizada, e aprofunda a segregação socioespacial existente. Sendo assim, este trabalho propõe aprofundar o debate sobre a urbanização no atual momento de reprodução do capital, dando ênfase em três aspectos: o papel do urbanismo por meio do parque linear; o discurso do desenvolvimento sustentável como estratégia; e as resistências como movimento de repensar a vida urbana e sua prática. / This study aims at investigating the consequences of the project of implantation of a linear park in Perus district, outskirts of Sao Paulo. The proposal submitted in 2008 by the Municipality of São Paulo, aims to reshape the stream surrounding the area that cuts the district, largely urbanized, and turning it into a park with sustainable recovery of the features of vegetation in the cultivated plain areas, the improvement of the quality of the stream water, reduce the impact from flooding and the establishment of recreational areas for the population. However, the proposal was widely criticized by the population and by social movements that demanded greater participation in discussions on the implementation of this proposal, besides that, they strongly criticized the necessary removals. The discourse of sustainability ultimately has consolidated such projects as necessary for the future of next generations, giving greater value to these actions. In this way, we have been progressing in order to understand how this project can interfere in the lives of local residents, understanding it as part of the contemporary urban planning, therefore, as a State action on the space, which is being designed without taking into account the content and social practices, producing a periphery in fragments that will be hardly integrated to the logic of value at specific times of critical reproduction of capital. To this end, we place this debate in the context of a radical critique of the urban space production process based on Henri Lefebvre and all current geographical thought that came to make suitable such theoretical and methodological apparatus. We started the reflection looking at Perus as a fragment of the periphery built from the metropolis development. Then we discussed the actions of the State through the existing plans and projects at both levels city and locally (Director Strategic Planning, Regional Planning and Neighborhood Planning), associating the discourse of sustainability that is going to be institutionally established as an ideology of development. At a later time, we explored the project called Perus Linear urban park (Parque Linear Ribeirão Perus) and its consequences to the local population and finally the resistance movements and the prospect of reflection towards the urban practice. This study was built from existing literature and readings about the theme, as well as site visits where interviews were held, participation in debates, workshops and events; There were also analyzes of documents and laws related to the local area planning process. Thus, the possibility of implementing this park - associated with the recent years prospection of nature scarcity in the big cities - makes it a valuable element against this financialized economy and deepens the existing socio-spatial segregation. That said, this paper proposes to deepen the debate on the urban process under capitalism, a framework of three aspects: the role of urban planning through the linear park; the discourse of sustainable development as a strategy; and resistance as a movement to rethink the urban life and practice.

Applying complex ecosystems theory, this thesis maps and analyzes the codependency of ecological and manufacturing flows affecting cities, the landscape, and the environment. Learning from this analysis, a prototype for a hybrid eco-manufacturing and urban park is proposed on degraded industrial lands. Its design is influenced by eco-industrial parks including Kalundborg and contemporary urban parks including La Villette, Downsview, and Fresh Kills. The prototype’s design is motivated by the mutating spatiality caused by contemporary trends in North American manufacturing and the degrading environmental state of the Great Lakes. The horizontal expansion of post-Fordist industrial areas on the urban periphery of North American cities has helped lead decentralization of core urban areas. This organization is becoming vulnerable to future energy and environmental concerns. In Hamilton, this trend has resulted in approximately 3,400 acres of underutilized contaminated land in its historical bayfront industrial areas. The hybrid park prototype will incubate reuse of a 576 acre site within this land by creating a network of eco-operations and public spaces. As part of North America’s Great Lakes, Hamilton Harbour drains into the head of Lake Ontario. The Port of Hamilton’s manufacturing activity strains the ecological systems of these lakes. Some of the most problematic discharge into Hamilton Harbour occurs at Windermere Basin. The basin is surrounded by a twilight industrial area that contaminates its water, soil, and air. This will be the location of the hybrid park prototype. Light manufacturing spaces that treat industrial contamination will be designed. Their organization will hypothesize a new form of urbanization based on environmentally benign uses of energy and materials.

Applying complex ecosystems theory, this thesis maps and analyzes the codependency of ecological and manufacturing flows affecting cities, the landscape, and the environment. Learning from this analysis, a prototype for a hybrid eco-manufacturing and urban park is proposed on degraded industrial lands. Its design is influenced by eco-industrial parks including Kalundborg and contemporary urban parks including La Villette, Downsview, and Fresh Kills. The prototype’s design is motivated by the mutating spatiality caused by contemporary trends in North American manufacturing and the degrading environmental state of the Great Lakes. The horizontal expansion of post-Fordist industrial areas on the urban periphery of North American cities has helped lead decentralization of core urban areas. This organization is becoming vulnerable to future energy and environmental concerns. In Hamilton, this trend has resulted in approximately 3,400 acres of underutilized contaminated land in its historical bayfront industrial areas. The hybrid park prototype will incubate reuse of a 576 acre site within this land by creating a network of eco-operations and public spaces. As part of North America’s Great Lakes, Hamilton Harbour drains into the head of Lake Ontario. The Port of Hamilton’s manufacturing activity strains the ecological systems of these lakes. Some of the most problematic discharge into Hamilton Harbour occurs at Windermere Basin. The basin is surrounded by a twilight industrial area that contaminates its water, soil, and air. This will be the location of the hybrid park prototype. Light manufacturing spaces that treat industrial contamination will be designed. Their organization will hypothesize a new form of urbanization based on environmentally benign uses of energy and materials.

Submitted by Marcio Emanuel Paixão Santos (marcio.santos@ucsal.br) on 2017-02-17T23:19:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 NEVES, A.B..pdf: 12144374 bytes, checksum: 1a1b3640a95cd62d3f4466b3fec7cbdd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Emília Carvalho Ribeiro (maria.ribeiro@ucsal.br) on 2017-02-22T15:32:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 NEVES, A.B..pdf: 12144374 bytes, checksum: 1a1b3640a95cd62d3f4466b3fec7cbdd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T15:32:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NEVES, A.B..pdf: 12144374 bytes, checksum: 1a1b3640a95cd62d3f4466b3fec7cbdd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09 / A carência de áreas verdes de lazer em contato com a natureza, na cidade de Salvador, é relevante. Espaço urbano cuja ocupação desordenada do solo tem se refletido na qualidade de vida da população, a qual, sem opção de áreas públicas de lazer, principalmente as pessoas mais pobres, que ocupam as periferias, em sua maioria mão de obra despreparada, de certa forma, contribuem para aumentar as estatísticas dos índices de violência no nosso Estado. A pressão da expansão urbana e imobiliária cresce, cada vez mais, avançando sobre as últimas áreas protegidas, como o Parque Metropolitano de Pituaçu, que, em 1973, quando foi criado através do Decreto Estadual 23.666/73, ocupava uma área de 660 hectares da qual hoje só restam cerca de 390 há. Grandes áreas foram suprimidas, por doação e/ou omissão dos nossos governantes, desde 1973 até os dias atuais, principalmente na orla e, mais recentemente, na Avenida Paralela. Este trabalho pretende levar os leitores a refletir sobre a importância das áreas verdes de lazer e demonstrar que o Parque Metropolitano de Pituaçu é parque natural, remanescente de mata atlântica em área urbana, unidade de conservação de proteção integral. Alertar os cidadãos sobre a legislação que tutela o parque, para exigirem que seus direitos sejam respeitados, mobilizarem-se contra o desrespeito às leis e especialmente à Carta Magna que veda supressão de espaço especialmente protegido, bem de uso comum do povo, o que só pode ocorrer, conforme artigo 225 III, da Constituição pátria, após Consulta Pública e através de lei, o que não ocorreu. / The lack of green areas for leisure in touch with nature in the city of Salvador is relevant. Urban sprawl whose soil has been reflected in the quality of life without option of public leisure areas, especially the poorest, that occupy the peripheries, mostly untrained labor in a way, contribute to increase the statistics of crime rates in our state. The pressure of urban sprawl and housing grows increasingly advancing into the last protected areas such as the Metropolitan Park Pituaçu, that in 1973, when it was created by State Decree 23.666/73, occupied an area of 660 hectares of which Now there is only about 390 ha. Large areas were removed for donation and / or failure of our rulers, from 1973 to the present day, especially on the edge and, most recently on Paralela Avenue. This paper aims to lead readers to reflect on the importance of green areas for leisure and demonstrate that the Pituaçu Metropolitan Park is a natural park, a remnant of Atlantic forest in an urban area, conservation area protected. It aims to alert citizens about legislation that protects the park, to demand that their rights are respected, and mobilize them against the disregard for the laws especially the Constitution that prohibits removal of a specially protected area, use of the common people, which only can occur, as Article 225 III of the Constitution homeland after public consultation by law, which did not occur.

O Parque Ecológico Tietê (PET), em Ermelino Matarazzo, a leste da região metropolitana de São Paulo, foi criado com o objetivo de preservar as várzeas do rio Tietê. Antes da criação do parque, a região foi palco de várias atividades antrópicas que levaram ao risco de contaminação do solo e águas subterrâneas. A recuperação iniciou-se com o plantio de espécies nativas, o que também promoveu a recolonização da fauna, composta essencialmente de espécies frugívoras. Dentre as espécies de plantas presentes no parque, a palmeira Jerivá (Syagrus romanzoffiana) é importante por sua ampla distribuição geográfica nos ecossistemas brasileiros. O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender, através de coeficientes de prospecção biogeoquímicos, a interação entre os compartimentos solo, água subterrânea e planta, este último representado pela palmeira Jerivá. Os resultados indicaram que o Jerivá apresentou diferentes coeficientes de absorção entre suas folhas e pecíolos. O estudo também demonstrou que fatores como sazonalidade dentro de um período mínimo de um ano, idade e espécies de plantas devem ser levados em conta em abordagens biogeoquímicas. / The Tietê Ecological Park (PET) in Ermelino Matarazzo, east of the metropolitan area of São Paulo city, was created with the purpose of preserving the floodplains of the Tietê River. Prior to the establishment of the park, the region was scene of several anthropogenic activities which led to high risk of soil and groundwater contamination. Subsequent recovery of the degraded area was aimed through the planting of native plant species, which also promoted the recolonization of the area by the fauna, essentially composed of frugivorous species. Among the plant species introduced in the park, the Jerivá palm tree (Syagrus romanzoffiana) is important for its wide geographical distribution in Brazilian ecosystems. The current study aimed to understand, through biogeochemical prospecting coefficients, the interaction between soil compartments, underground water and plant, the latter represented by the Jerivá palm tree. The results indicated that Jerivá presented different absorption coefficients among its leaves and petioles. The study also demonstrated that factors like seasonality within a minimum period of one year, age and plant species must be taken into account in biogeochemical approaches.