Na Folha de Rosto da obra, consta o t?tulo: "Efeitos do treinamento de vibra??o de corpo inteiro na funcionalidade, for?a muscular, qualidade de vida e concentra??es plasm?ticas de marcadores inflamat?rios-oxidativos de pacientes com doen?a pulmonar obstrutiva cr?nica". / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-09-26T17:48:49Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) camila_danielle_cunha_neves.pdf: 2344806 bytes, checksum: 77c976c7c337e030f1b4c85cc1aa033e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-10-01T18:27:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) camila_danielle_cunha_neves.pdf: 2344806 bytes, checksum: 77c976c7c337e030f1b4c85cc1aa033e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-01T18:27:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) camila_danielle_cunha_neves.pdf: 2344806 bytes, checksum: 77c976c7c337e030f1b4c85cc1aa033e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 / O treinamento de vibra??o de corpo inteiro (VCI) tem sido identificado com uma interven??o alternativa para a melhora da capacidade de exerc?cio e qualidade de vida de pacientes com Doen?a Pulmonar Obstrutiva Cr?nica (DPOC). Entretanto, o efeito do treinamento de VCI nas concentra??es de biomarcadores inflamat?rios-oxidativos permanece desconhecido. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do treinamento de VCI em par?metros inflamat?rios-oxidativos, na funcionalidade e na qualidade de vida de pacientes com DPOC. Vinte pacientes com DPOC foram igualmente divididos em: 1) grupo interven??o (GI), que realizou o treinamento de VCI; e, 2) grupo controle (GC) que n?o recebeu a interven??o. A interven??o consistiu da realiza??o de agachamento est?tico sobre uma plataforma vibrat?ria, em seis s?ries de 30 segundos, tr?s vezes semanais, durante 12 semanas. Os pacientes foram avaliados quanto ? (as): concentra??es plasm?ticas de IL-6, IL-8, IFN-? e receptores sol?veis de TNF-?; contagem de leuc?citos; concentra??es plasm?ticas de marcadores oxidantes e antioxidantes; dist?ncia caminhada no teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6?); consumo pico de oxig?nio (VO2 pico) durante o TC6?; for?a de preens?o manual; qualidade de vida (question?rio Saint George?s); teste de sentar e levantar da cadeira 5 vezes e teste timed get-up and go (TUG). Os dados foram analisados pelo teste-t independente (linha de base) e Anova two-way para medidas repetidas (efeitos do treinamento). Considerou-se significativo p< 0,05. Ap?s o treinamento de VCI, pacientes do GI aumentaram significativamente a dist?ncia caminhada (65 m) no TC6?, o VO2 pico e a for?a de preens?o manual (p< 0,05). Al?m disso, pacientes do GI alcan?aram a diferen?a m?nima clinicamente importante em rela??o ? qualidade de vida. N?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas no teste de sentar e levantar da cadeira, TUG, nas concentra??es dos biomarcadores inflamat?rios-oxidativos e na contagem de leuc?citos no GI (p> 0,05). Pacientes do GC n?o apresentaram melhora estatisticamente significante para todas as avalia??es (p> 0,05). Em conjunto, os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que o treinamento de VCI induziu benef?cios clinicamente significantes com rela??o ? capacidade de exerc?cio, a for?a muscular e a qualidade de vida de pacientes com DPOC, que n?o foram relacionados com mudan?as nas concentra??es sist?micas dos biomarcadores inflamat?rios-oxidativos analisados. / Tese (Doutorado) ? Programa Multic?ntrico de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Fisiol?gicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2018. / The whole-body vibration training (WBVT) has been identified as an alternative intervention to improve exercise capacity and quality of life of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). However, the effect of WBVT on inflammatory-oxidative biomarkers remains unknown. The aim of this trial was to investigate the effects of WBVT on inflammatory-oxidative, functionality and quality of life parameters in patients with COPD. Twenty patients were equally divided into: 1) intervention group (IG) that performed the WBVT, and 2) control group (CG) that did not receive any intervention. Intervention consisted in performing static squatting on vibrating platform, in six series of 30 seconds, 3 day per week, for 12 weeks. Patients were evaluated for: plasma levels of IL-6, IL-8, IFN-?, soluble receptors of TNF-?; white cells count; plasma levels of oxidant and antioxidant markers; walking distance in six-minute walk test (6MWT); peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) during the 6MWT; handgrip strength; quality of life (Saint George?s); timed 5-chair sit-to-stand (5STS) and timed get-up and go test (TUG). The data were analyzed by unpaired t-test (baseline) and Anova two-way (effects of training). The level of significance was p< 0.05. After WBVT, patients from IG showed significant increase in the 6MWD, VO2 peak and handgrip strength (p< 0.05). Furthermore, patients from IG reached minimal clinically important difference regarding quality of life. No significant differences were found in 5STS, TUG, inflammatory-oxidative biomarkers and white cells count in the IG. CG did not show significant improvement in all assessments (p> 0.05). Taking together, our results demonstrated that the WBVT induced clinically significant benefits regarding exercise capacity, muscle strength and quality of life in patients with COPD, that were not related to systemic changes in the inflammatory-oxidative biomarkers analyzed.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-17T14:07:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 adriano_prado_simao.pdf: 14603272 bytes, checksum: 6a0e234b9d484325125c4f251d688d0b (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-17T14:08:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 adriano_prado_simao.pdf: 14603272 bytes, checksum: 6a0e234b9d484325125c4f251d688d0b (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-17T14:08:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 adriano_prado_simao.pdf: 14603272 bytes, checksum: 6a0e234b9d484325125c4f251d688d0b (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-17T14:09:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 adriano_prado_simao.pdf: 14603272 bytes, checksum: 6a0e234b9d484325125c4f251d688d0b (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:09:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 adriano_prado_simao.pdf: 14603272 bytes, checksum: 6a0e234b9d484325125c4f251d688d0b (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Introdu??o: Recentemente, a vibra??o de todo o corpo (VTC) tem sido um m?todo de exerc?cio f?sico indicado para aumentar o desempenho e a capacidade f?sico-funcional de idosos com osteoartrite (OA) de joelho. No entanto, os mecanismos relacionados aos efeitos produzidos por essa modalidade ainda n?o foram completamente investigados. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos da adi??o de VTC aos exerc?cios de agachamento na concentra??o plasm?tica de marcadores inflamat?rios e no desempenho e capacidade funcionais de idosos com OA de joelho na fase remissiva da doen?a (Estudo 1) e investigar os efeitos da adi??o do treinamento de VTC ao exerc?cio de agachamento em mulheres idosas com OA de joelho na fase remissiva da doen?a nos seguintes par?metros: 1) for?a isom?trica do m?sculo quadr?ceps; 2) concentra??o plasm?tica de BDNF; e 3) na concentra??o salivar da raz?o testosterona/cortisol (Estudo 2). Investigar a rela??o entre os n?veis plasm?ticos e no l?quido sinovial do TNF-? e seus receptores sol?veis (sTNFR1 e sTNFR2) assim como de BDNF em idosos com OA de joelho e ainda verificar a rela??o destes com a gravidade da OA e o autorrelato de dor, rigidez e fun??o f?sica com o WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index) em idosos com OA de joelho na fase inflamat?ria aguda (Estudo 3). Metodologia: No estudo 1, trinta e dois idosos com OA de joelho foram divididos em tr?s grupos: grupo que realizou exerc?cio de agachamento associado a plataforma vibrat?ria (grupo plataforma N=11), grupo que realizou exerc?cio de agachamento sem vibra??o (grupo agachamento N=10) e o grupo controle (N=11). Um programa estruturado de exerc?cios de agachamento foi executado tr?s vezes por semana em dias alternados por doze semanas nos grupos plataforma e agachamento. A concentra??o plasm?tica de receptores sol?veis de TNF-? (sTNFR1 e sTNFR2) foi analisada usando a t?cnica de ELISA. O WOMAC foi usado para avaliar o autorrelato da fun??o f?sica, dor e rigidez. O teste de caminhada de 6 minutos, a escala de Berg e o teste de velocidade da marcha foram utilizados para avaliar a fun??o f?sica. No estudo 2, foram selecionadas quinze mulheres idosas com idade maior ou igual a 60 anos que tinham sido diagnosticadas com OA em pelo menos um joelho. A interven??o consistiu de doze semanas seguidas de exerc?cios de agachamento, 3 vezes por semana. O protocolo de exerc?cio foi similar em ambos os grupos diferindo apenas da presen?a de vibra??o. J? no estudo 3 participaram vinte e sete idosos diagnosticados com osteoartrite de joelho e dezenove idosos saud?veis. Radiografias ?ntero-posteriores do joelho foram realizadas para determinar a gravidade da doen?a no joelho afetado. A classifica??o radiogr?fica da OA do joelho foi realizada utilizando os crit?rios Kellgren-Lawrence. Os n?veis de TNF-?, sTNFR1, sTNFR2 e BDNF no plasma e no l?quido sinovial foram determinados por ELISA. Resultados: No estudo 1, o grupo que realizou exerc?cios de agachamento na plataforma vibrat?ria mostrou diminui??o nas concentra??es plasm?ticas dos marcadores inflamat?rios sTNFR1 e sTNFR2 (p<0,001 e p<0,05, respectivamente), no autorrelato da dor (p<0,05), melhora no equil?brio (p<0,05) e na velocidade e dist?ncia caminhada (p<0,05 e p<0,001, respectivamente) comparado com o grupo controle. O teste de velocidade da marcha tamb?m apresentou aumento no grupo plataforma quando comparado ao grupo agachamento (p<0,01). Os resultados do estudo 2 demonstraram uma varia??o (?) positiva dos valores da for?a isom?trica muscular do quadr?ceps (p=0,02) e da concentra??o plasm?tica de BDNF (p=0,03) no grupo vibra??o ap?s o per?odo de interven??o. A varia??o (?) na raz?o testosterona/cortisol (T/C) n?o diferiu significativamente, entre os grupos (p=0,61). No estudo 3, os n?veis de BDNF no l?quido sinovial correlacionou-se significativamente com dor autorrelatada [WOMAC] (rs = 0,39, p=0,04). Com rela??o aos receptores sol?veis para TNF-?, observou-se uma diferen?a entre os n?veis de sTNFR1 e de sTNFR2, tanto no plasma quanto no l?quido sinovial em pacientes com OA do joelho (1091 ? 99,48 pg / mL versus 2249 ? 126,3 pg / mL e 2587 ? 66,12 pg / mL versus 2021 ? 107,0 pg / mL, respectivamente). Al?m disso, os n?veis de sTNFR1 no l?quido sinovial foram, negativamente, correlacionadas com a dor e a fun??o f?sica autorrelatada (rs -0,6785, p<0,0001 e rs -0,4194; p=0,03, respectivamente). Ao passo que, os n?veis de sTNFR2 no l?quido sinovial foram negativamente correlacionadas com dor e rigidez articular (rs -0,5433, p=0,01 e rs -0,4249; p=0,02, respectivamente). Conclus?es: Os resultados dos estudos supracitados indicam que a adi??o da vibra??o de todo o corpo ao treinamento com exerc?cio de agachamento, nas condi??es experimentais propostas, melhora o equil?brio est?tico e din?mico e o desempenho da marcha e ao mesmo tempo reduz a autopercep??o de dor e a concentra??o de marcadores inflamat?rios (sTNFR1 e sTNFR2) em idosos com OA de joelho na fase de remiss?o da doen?a. Al?m disso, a associa??o da vibra??o de todo o corpo ao exerc?cio de agachamento promove uma melhora na for?a muscular de membros inferiores em mulheres idosas com OA de joelho na fase de remiss?o da doen?a e proporciona uma resposta adaptativa na concentra??o de BDNF sem altera??o na rela??o muscular de anabolismo/catabolismo. J? os resultados da rela??o entre sist?mico e local, indicam que os n?veis de BDNF sist?micos est?o associados com o mecanismo da dor articular na OA de joelho. Com rela??o aos receptores sol?veis de TNF-?, evidenciou-se a presen?a de receptores sol?veis para TNF-? no l?quido sinovial de pacientes com OA prim?ria de joelho e a rela??o destes receptores com par?metros cl?nicos. / Tese (Doutorado) ? Programa Multic?ntrico de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Fisiol?gicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT Introduction: Recently, whole body vibration (WBV) has been an alternative method of exercise that has been indicated to improve the physical performance of the elderly with osteoarthritis (OA) knee. However, the mechanisms related to the effects produced by this training mode have not been fully elucidated in the literature. Objectives: 1) To investigate the effects of the adittion of whole-body vibration to squat exercises on the plasma concentration of inflammatory markers and the functional performance of elderly individuals with knee OA remission phase (Study 1) and investigate the effects of WBV in addition to squat exercise training in elderly women with knee OA remission phase on the following parameters: 1) isometric strength of the quadriceps muscle; 2) BDNF plasma concentration; and 3) the testosterone/cortisol salivary concentration ratio (Study 2). 3). To analyze the concentrations of TNF-?, soluble receptors (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) and BDNF in both plasma and synovial fluid of patients with inflammatory acute phase primary knee osteoarthritis during inflammatory acute phase, and to determine the possible correlations of plasma and synovial fluid TNF-?, soluble receptors (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) and BDNF with the radiographic grading of knee OA and with self-reported pain, stiffness and physical function (Study 3). Methods: In study 1 thirty-two elderly subjects with knee osteoarthritis were divided into three groups [i.e., squat exercises on a vibratory platform (platform group N= 11), squat exercises without vibration (squat group N= 10) and the control group (N=11)]. The structured program of squat exercises in the platform and squat groups was conducted three times per week, on alternate days, for twelve weeks. The plasma concentration of TNF-? soluble receptors (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) were analyzed using ELISA. The Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire were used to evaluate self-reported physical function, pain and stiffness. The 6-minute walk test, the Berg balance scale, and gait speed were used to evaluate physical function. In study 2 the eligible patients were fifteen (15) elderly women ? 60 years of age who had been diagnosed with OA in at least one knee. The intervention consisted of uninterrupted squatting exercises for twelve weeks, 3x/week. The exercise protocol was similar in both groups differing only in the presence of vibration. In study 3 samples of plasma taken from the peripheral blood and of synovial fluid taken from the knee of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were collected (n=27). Anteroposterior knee radiographs were taken to determine disease severity in the affected knee. Radiographic grading of OA in the knee was performed using the Kellgren-Lawrence criteria. Furthermore, plasma was collected from the peripheral blood of 19 healthy individuals, with no radiographic change in the hips and knees. The Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire was used to evaluate self-reported physical function, pain and stiffness. ELISA measured the TNF-?, sTNFR1, sTNFR2 and BDNF levels in the plasma and synovial fluid. Results: In the study 1 the group that performed squat exercises on a vibratory platform, there were significant differences in plasma concentrations of the inflammatory markers sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 (p<0.001 and p<0.05, respectively), self-reported pain (p<0.05), balance (p<0.05) and speed and distance walked (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively) compared with the control group. The gait speed test also showed significant differences between the squat and platform groups (p<0.01). In the results of the study 2, the VG group demonstrated a significantly greater change (?) in IQMS values (p = 0.02) and in BDNF plasma concentrations (p = 0.03) after the intervention period compared with the EG group. The change (?) in T/C ratio showed no difference between the groups (p = 0.61). In the results of the study 3, the plasma BDNF levels significantly correlated with self-reported pain [WOMAC] (rs=0.39, p=0.04). According to soluble receptors to TNF-?, there was a difference between sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 levels in plasma as well as in synovial fluid in patients with knee (1091 ? 99,48 pg / mL versus 2249 ? 126,3 pg / mL e 2587 ? 66,12 pg / mL versus 2021 ? 107,0 pg / mL, respectively). Synovial fluid sTNFR1 levels were negatively correlated with pain and physical function self-reported (rs-0.6785, p<0.0001 and rs-0.4194, p=0.03, respectively). Synovial fluid sTNFR2 levels were negatively correlated with pain and joint stiffness (rs-0.5433, p=0.01 and rs-0.4249, p=0.02, respectively). Conclusions: The results of the above studies indicate that the addition of vibration training the whole body to squat exercise in the experimental conditions resulted in improvement in static and dynamic balance and gait performance and reduced the self-perception of pain and the concentration of inflammatory markers (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) in elderly patients with knee OA. We also demonstrate that the combination of vibration training the whole body to squat exercise can promote an improvement in lower limb muscle strength in elderly women with knee OA and still provide an adaptive response to the concentration of BDNF compared with no change in muscle anabolism/catabolism. The results of the relationship between systemic and local concentration indicate that the systemic BDNF levels are associated with the mechanism of joint pain in knee OA. With respect to TNF-? soluble receptors, the findings demonstrated the presence of soluble receptors for TNF-alpha, particularly sTNFR1, in the synovial fluid of patients with primary knee OA and the relationship between these receptors and clinical parameters.

?rea de concentra??o: Ci?ncias Fisiol?gicas. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-10-26T18:38:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) vanessa_kelly_silva_lage.pdf: 1557890 bytes, checksum: f19cfa3f49dfb4300750d35b50ea527f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-11-08T14:15:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) vanessa_kelly_silva_lage.pdf: 1557890 bytes, checksum: f19cfa3f49dfb4300750d35b50ea527f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-08T14:15:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) vanessa_kelly_silva_lage.pdf: 1557890 bytes, checksum: f19cfa3f49dfb4300750d35b50ea527f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / A Doen?a Pulmonar Obstrutiva Cr?nica (DPOC) ? caracterizada por uma obstru??o cr?nica persistente ao fluxo a?reo. Estudos que avaliaram o uso da vibra??o de corpo inteiro (VCI) em pacientes com DPOC demonstraram melhora em par?metros cl?nico-funcionais, contudo, o conhecimento a respeito do efeito agudo da VCI na DPOC ainda ? escasso O estudo teve como objetivo, caracterizar a intensidade do exerc?cio em diferentes frequ?ncias de VCI e dos tipos de agachamento (est?tico ou din?mico) durante uma sess?o de exerc?cio, bem como, avaliar o efeito agudo do exerc?cio sobre as respostas cardiorrespirat?rias e inflamat?rias na DPOC.Os volunt?rios da pesquisa foram pareados quanto ao sexo, idade, IMC e foram divididos em 2 grupos, sendo eles: grupo controle (GC, n=13), composto por sujeitos sem DPOC e grupo DPOC (DPOC, n=13). A familiariza??o e aplica??o do Teste de Caminhada de 6 minutos foram realizadas em 1 dia, ap?s 1 semana, a caracteriza??o com o exerc?cio de VCI foi realizada em 4 dias com um intervalo de 48 horas entre as sess?es. O agachamento est?tico foi realizado nas frequ?ncias 30, 35 e 40 Hz e o agachamento din?mico na frequ?ncia 35 Hz. Os dois grupos passaram pelas mesmas condi??es experimentais. Foram mensurados os par?metros cardiorrespirat?rios durante todos os dias de exerc?cio e os par?metros inflamat?rios foram avaliados durante o exerc?cio est?tico na frequ?ncia de 35 Hz atrav?s da concentra??o plasm?tica da adiponectina, resistina, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, BDNF e receptores sol?veis de TNF (STNFR-1 e STNFR-2). Os resultados demonstraram que o agachamento est?tico promoveu maior varia??o (39,2%) na FC quando comparado ao din?mico. A an?lise nas 3 frequ?ncias de VCI demonstraram comportamento semelhante entre os grupos com aumentos significativos do VO2 (GC: 27,4 a 40% e DPOC: 21,5 a 28,5%) e da FC (GC: 10,2 a 12,5% e DPOC: 4,3 a 12,7%). Foram encontradas altas concentra??es basais das adipocinas e IL-8 e baixos valores de IL-10 no grupo DPOC. Ap?s a VCI foi observado aumento das concentra??es de IL-10 (40,6%) no grupo DPOC alcan?ando valores semelhante a concentra??o basal do GC. Em conclus?o, o presente estudo traz subs?dios para a elabora??o de protocolos de treinamento com a VCI, uma vez que o exerc?cio foi caracterizado como de baixa intensidade (<2 METs) nas frequ?ncias avaliadas, sendo aplic?vel e seguro na DPOC. Adicionalmente, a VCI parece modular as concentra??es de IL-10 na popula??o de DPOC avaliada. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa Multic?ntrico de P?s-gradua??o em Ci?ncias Fisiol?gicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic persistent airflow obstruction. Studies evaluating the use of whole body vibration (WBV) in patients with COPD have shown improvement in clinical-functional parameters, however, knowledge about the acute effect of WBV in COPD is still scarce. The objective of this study was to characterize the intensity (static or dynamic) during an exercise session, as well as to evaluate the acute effect of exercise on cardiorespiratory and inflammatory responses in COPD. The study volunteers were matched for gender, age, BMI and were divided into 2 groups: control group (GC, n = 13), composed of subjects without COPD and COPD group (COPD, n = 13). Familiarization with WBV exercise and the application of the 6-minute Walk Test were performed in one day, after 1 week, the characterization of the WBV exercise was performed in 4 days with a 48-hour interval between sessions. Static squatting was performed at frequencies 30, 35 and 40 Hz and dynamic squatting at 35 Hz frequency. Both groups underwent the same experimental conditions. Cardiorespiratory parameters were measured during all exercise days and inflammatory parameters were evaluated during static exercise at the 35 Hz frequency through the plasma concentration of adiponectin, resistin, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, BDNF and soluble TNF receptors (STNFR-1 and STNFR-2). The results showed that static squatting promoted greater variation (39.2%) in HR when compared to dynamic. The analysis of 3 frequencies of WBV showed similar results between the groups with significant increases in VO2 (GC: 27.4 to 40% and COPD: 21.5 to 28.5%) and HR (CG: 10.2 a 12.5% e COPD: 4.3 a 12.7%). Baseline concentrations of adipokines and IL-8 showed higher values, in the other hand low IL-10 values were found in the COPD group. After WBV, an increase in IL-10 concentrations (40.6%) was observed in the COPD group reaching values similar to basal GC concentration. In conclusion, the present study provides subsidies for the elaboration of training protocols with WBV, since exercise was characterized as low intensity (<2 METs) in the frequencies evaluated, being applicable and safe in COPD. In addition, VCI appears to modulate IL-10 concentrations in the COPD population evaluated.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:09:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JonatasALJ_TESE.pdf: 9049452 bytes, checksum: dd9b668c8bc7791108be8a6bbc44e152 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-28 / A self-flotator vibrational prototype electromechanical drive for treatment of oil and water emulsion or like emulsion is presented and evaluated. Oil production and refining to obtain derivatives is carried out under arrangements technically referred to as on-shore and off-shore, ie, on the continent and in the sea. In Brazil 80 % of the petroleum production is taken at sea and area of deployment and it cost scale are worrisome. It is associated, oily water production on a large scale, carrier 95% of the potential pollutant of activity whose final destination is the environment medium, terrestrial or maritime. Although diversified set of techniques and water treatment systems are in use or research, we propose an innovative system that operates in a sustainable way without chemical additives, for the good of the ecosystem. Labyrinth adsor-bent is used in metal spirals, and laboratory scale flow. Equipment and process patents are claimed. Treatments were performed at different flow rates and bands often monitored with control systems, some built, other bought for this purpose. Measurements of the levels of oil and grease (OGC) of efluents treaty remained within the range of legal framework under test conditions. Adsorbents were weighed before and after treatment for obtaining oil impregna-tion, the performance goal of vibratory action and treatment as a whole. Treatment technolo-gies in course are referenced, to compare performance, qualitatively and quantitatively. The vibration energy consumption is faced with and without conventional flotation and self-flotation. There are good prospects for the proposed, especially in reducing the residence time, by capillary action system. The impregnation dimensionless parameter was created and confronted with consecrated dimensionless parameters, on the vibrational version, such as Weber number and Froude number in quadratic form, referred to as vibrational criticality. Re-sults suggest limits to the vibration intensity / Um prot?tipo vibr?til autoflotador de acionamento eletromec?nico para tratamento de ?gua de produ??o de petr?leo e emuls?o cong?nere ? apresentado e avaliado. A produ??o de petr?leo para refinamento e obten??o de derivados ? realizada sob modalidades tecnicamente referidas como on-shore e off-shore, isto ?, no continente e no mar. No Brasil 80% da produ??o petrol?-fera ? feita no mar e ?rea de implanta??o e escala de custo s?o preocupantes. Associa-se ?gua oleosa de produ??o, efluente abundante em larga escala, carreadora de 95% do potencial polu-idor da atividade cujo destino final ? o meio ambiente mar?timo ou terrestre. Embora diversi-ficado conjunto de t?cnicas e sistemas de tratamento d ?gua encontram-se em uso ou pesqui-sa, prop?e-se um sistema inovador que opera de forma sustent?vel sem aditivos qu?micos, pa-ra o bem do ecossistema. Utilizou-se labirinto adsorvente, em espirais met?licos, e escala la-boratorial de fluxo. Patentes de equipamento e processo s?o reivindicadas. Realizaram-se tra-tamentos em vaz?es e faixas de frequ?ncia distintas, monitoradas com sistemas de controle, uns constru?dos, outros aquistados para tal. Medi??es do teor de ?leo e graxa (TOG) do eflu-ente tratado mantiveram-se dentro do intervalo de enquadramento legal nas condi??es de en-saio. Pesaram-se os adsorventes antes e ap?s o tratamento para obten??o da impregna??o de ?leo, meta de desempenho da a??o vibrat?ria e tratamento como um todo. Tecnologias atuais de tratamento s?o referenciadas para compara??o de desempenho, qualitativa e quantitativa-mente. Confrontou-se consumo energ?tico operando-se em vibra??o, com e sem flota??o con-vencional, e com autoflota??o. Vislumbram-se boas perspectivas de rendimento do sistema proposto, sobretudo, na redu??o do tempo de resid?ncia por a??o de capilaridade. Criou-se o par?metro adimensional de impregna??o e se lhe confrontou com consagrados par?metros a-dimensionais, na vers?o vibracional, como n?mero de Weber e n?mero de Froud quadr?tico, referido como criticalidade vibr?til. Resultados sugerem limites ? intensidade vibrat?ria

This paper presents a methodology for determining eigenfunctions and frequencies of the Euler-Bernoulli model for elastic beams that can include damping and devices located at intermediate or end points of the beam. The eigenfunctions or vibration modes of the beam are obtained by using solution basis generated by the dynamic solution of a fourth-order differential equation, through a block matrix formulation of the boundary and compatibility conditions. The use of the dynamic basis has been often used to reduce the calculations in obtaining the modes and frequencies. Forced responses are obtained with the Galerkin method by modifying the classical modal analysis with the inclusion of new conditions of orthogonality between modes that are suitable for problems with viscous damping or non-classical boundary conditions. / Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para determinar as autofunções e as frequências de um modelo Euler-Bernoulli para vigas elásticas que podem incluir amortecimento e dispositivos localizados num ponto intermediário ou nos extremos da viga. As autofunções ou modos de vibração da viga são obtidos usando uma base de solução gerada pela solução dinâmica de uma equação diferencial de quarta ordem, através de uma formulação matricial em blocos para as condições de contorno e de compatibilidade. O uso da base dinâmica tem sido frequentemente utilizada para reduzir os cálculos na obtenção dos modos e das frequências. Respostas forçadas são obtidas usando o método de Galerkin, modificando a análise modal clássica com a inclusão de novas condições de ortogonalidade entre os modos que são adequadas para problemas com amortecimento viscoso ou com condições de contorno não-clássicas

Two gas-phase ion-molecule reaction systems are presented here based on measurements done in a temperature variable 22-pole trapping machine. In the first case, the proton affinity of methane is determined based on a new technique for measuring the equilibrium constant of the HCO2+ + CH4 <=> CH5+ + CO2 reaction. The second case reports to the (Ar + N2 )+ reaction system, with reaction rate temperature dependencies measurements made both in the forward and reverse direction with different and complementary methods. The temperature variable 22-pole trapping machine allows one to determine equilibrium constants and reaction rate coefficients over a wide range of temperatures. The coupling of an effusive beam to the setup overcomes the problem of neutral gas wall condensation and extends the temperature range measurements beyond condensation point. The introduction (Chapter 1) gives a short overview about the rf technology and parallel experimental techniques developed in order to better characterize and understand the several mechanisms related to ion-molecule reactions. It also focuses some aspects of reaction rate temperature dependencies determination as well as thermodynamical equilibrium in laboratory environment. A short description of the setup and experimental methods are presented in Chapter 2. Based on equilibrium constant measurements, Chapter 3 is dedicated to the proton affinity of methane. This concept has applications on several fields such as atmospheric and combustion modelling, or testing empirical and ab initio theories for electronic structures. The (Ar − N2 )+ system presented in Chapter 4, is known for being a good case study for inferring the role of vibrational excitation in reaction dynamics and to the existence of non-adiabatic coupling. The experimental results here presented for the N2+ + Ar reaction demonstrate that it is possible to avoid parallel reactions with first vibrational excited state of nitrogen (N2 (ν = 1)). On the other hand, the reverse reaction experiments confirm the existence of a minimum of the reaction rate in the 30 to 300 K range, due to the existence of two reaction channels. The question of the high rate coefficient towards lower temperatures being related to the N2 rotational ground state population is raised. A summary and outlook are presented in Chapter 5, where some new possible paths of investigation are pointed out.

Two gas-phase ion-molecule reaction systems are presented here based on measurements done in a temperature variable 22-pole trapping machine. In the first case, the proton affinity of methane is determined based on a new technique for measuring the equilibrium constant of the HCO2+ + CH4 <=> CH5+ + CO2 reaction. The second case reports to the (Ar + N2 )+ reaction system, with reaction rate temperature dependencies measurements made both in the forward and reverse direction with different and complementary methods. The temperature variable 22-pole trapping machine allows one to determine equilibrium constants and reaction rate coefficients over a wide range of temperatures. The coupling of an effusive beam to the setup overcomes the problem of neutral gas wall condensation and extends the temperature range measurements beyond condensation point. The introduction (Chapter 1) gives a short overview about the rf technology and parallel experimental techniques developed in order to better characterize and understand the several mechanisms related to ion-molecule reactions. It also focuses some aspects of reaction rate temperature dependencies determination as well as thermodynamical equilibrium in laboratory environment. A short description of the setup and experimental methods are presented in Chapter 2. Based on equilibrium constant measurements, Chapter 3 is dedicated to the proton affinity of methane. This concept has applications on several fields such as atmospheric and combustion modelling, or testing empirical and ab initio theories for electronic structures. The (Ar − N2 )+ system presented in Chapter 4, is known for being a good case study for inferring the role of vibrational excitation in reaction dynamics and to the existence of non-adiabatic coupling. The experimental results here presented for the N2+ + Ar reaction demonstrate that it is possible to avoid parallel reactions with first vibrational excited state of nitrogen (N2 (ν = 1)). On the other hand, the reverse reaction experiments confirm the existence of a minimum of the reaction rate in the 30 to 300 K range, due to the existence of two reaction channels. The question of the high rate coefficient towards lower temperatures being related to the N2 rotational ground state population is raised. A summary and outlook are presented in Chapter 5, where some new possible paths of investigation are pointed out.

Wetland sites provide important knowledge about settlement history and historical infrastructure in the form of buried archaeological features. However, the subsurface is difficult to access, e.g. due to high groundwater levels or unstable sediments, making archaeological excavation difficult and the conservation of recovered artefacts, e.g. timbers, is expensive. In addition, one of the aims of heritage conservation is to disturb structures in such contexts as little as possible as part of preserving. Therefore, alternative non- and minimal-invasive methods, e.g. geophysical prospection and vibra-coring, are used for exploration. However, geophysical surveys face the issue of inaccurate depth values and rely on sufficient contrasts in the measured physical parameters. Vibra-coring allows direct access to the sediments, but again gives inaccurate depth values due to high compaction rates. For this reason, the implementation of alternative methods and the development of new methodical approaches to wetland site exploration are of extraordinary importance. One such wetland site is the Fossa Carolina, an early medieval canal that today is partially buried. Located in Southern Germany next to Treuchtlingen, south of Nuremberg, the canal was intended at the time to provide a navigable link between the Rhine-Main and Danube basins by bridging the European watershed. In the research for this thesis, direct push sensing was used as an alternative exploration technique to explore the site. In this method, various probes are pushed into the unconsolidated subsoil and the parameters are measured in situ with high depth accuracy. (i) Therefore, the colour logging tool (CLT) and the electrical conductivity (EC) probe were applied. (ii) In order to record archaeological structures and features, the soundings were distributed closely along a transect using an adaptive exploration strategy, thus recording a high-resolution cross-section of the structure. (iii) These prospections were integrated into a spatial-hierarchical multi-method approach by combining direct push sensing with geophysical survey and vibra-coring, inter alia. (iv) Thus, a deeply buried section of the Fossa Carolina (West-East Section) was explored, demonstrating at least one-way navigability and revealing the backfill stratigraphy. (v) Furthermore, the approach used helped to clarify the nature of conspicuous magnetic anomalies in the area adjacent to the canal. In the Northern and North-Eastern Sections, magnetic anomalies provided evidence of water-supplying structures. The exploration of these structures revealed an Early Holocene structure in the North-Eastern Section and a historic gravel road in the Northern Section. (vi) Additionally, a strong magnetic anomaly with a course parallel to the canal in the Northern Section could be temporally and stratigraphically associated with the construction of the canal. Thus, for the first time, a larger remnant of the construction process outside the canal could be identified, even if the origin could not be conclusively clarified. (vii) In a broader context, the in situ direct push cross-sections were integrated into a 3D modelling approach for the entire Fossa Carolina to quantify the excavation volume. (viii) The methodological approach was successfully applied to a wetland site at Pestenacker in Southern Germany to collect evidence for Holocene floodplain dynamics in the Late Neolithic settlement. Finally, the thesis demonstrates the enormous methodological potential of direct push sensing for the exploration of buried archaeological sites. In particular, the colour logging tool is proving to be extremely effective, further enhanced by the intelligent combination in multi-method approaches. This is confirmed by the significant results obtained at Fossa Carolina that shed new light on the canal{'}s navigability, water supply, and construction structure. Overall, this thesis demonstrates the valuable contribution that direct push methods can make to geoarchaeological research. It both introduces a new methodological approach and provides new empirical evidence concerning the construction of an example of early medieval infrastructure.:Preface Acknowledgements Abstract Kurzfassung Contents List of Figures List of Tables Acronyms and Symbols 1 Introduction 1.1 Geoarchaeological exploration in wetlands: possibilities and challenges 1.1.1 Proven exploration methods 1.1.2 Direct push sensing 1.1.3 Exploration strategies 1.2 The study site 1.2.1 The Fossa Carolina - State of the art in brief 1.2.2 Natural settings 1.3 Aims of the thesis 2 Published Studies 2.1 Minimalinvasive Direct-push-Erkundung in der Feuchtboden(geo)archäologie am Beispiel des Karlsgrabens (Fossa Carolina) 2.2 Non-invasive prospection techniques and direct push sensing as high-resolution validation tools in wetland geoarchaeology – Artificial water supply at a Carolingian canal in South Germany? 2.3 High-Resolution Direct Push Sensing in Wetland Geoarchaeology—First Traces of Off-Site Construction Activities at the Fossa Carolina 2.4 3D-Modelling of Charlemagne’s Summit Canal (Southern Germany)—Merging Remote Sensing and Geoarchaeological Subsurface Data 2.5 A hydrological tipping point and onset of Neolithic wetland occupation in Pestenacker (Lech catchment, S Germany) 3 Discussion 3.1 Direct push sensing for wetland exploration 3.1.1 High-resolution direct push sensing cross-sections 3.1.2 Integration and comparison of direct push sensing in a spatially hierarchical multi-method approach 3.1.3 Direct push colour logging tool (CLT) data for ground truthing 3.1.4 Perspectives on direct push sensing in geoarchaeology 3.2 Results of the exploration of the Fossa Carolina 3.2.1 Chronostratigraphic recording in the West-East and Northern Sections 3.2.2 Characteristics of the canal construction in the West-East and Northern Sections 3.2.3 Validation of off-canal structures in the Northern and North-Eastern Sections 3.2.4 Water supply for the Fossa Carolina 3.2.5 Pending issues in the study of the Fossa Carolina 4 Conclusion References Appendix A1 - Author publications A2 - Article contribution A3 - Declaration of originality A4 - Bibliographic description / Feuchtgebiete bergen durch begrabene archäologische Strukturen wichtige Erkenntnisse zur Siedlungsgeschichte und historischen Infrastruktur. Schwierige Untergrundverhältnisse, z. B. durch hohen Grundwasserspiegel oder instabile Sedimente, erschweren jedoch archäologische Ausgrabungen und die Konservierung der geborgenen Artefakte, z. B. Hölzer, verursacht hohe Kosten. Darüber hinaus ist ein Ziel der Bodendenkmalpflege, archäologische Strukturen so wenig wie möglich zu beeinträchtigen und sie in situ zu erhalten. Daher werden alternative nicht- und minimal-invasive Methoden, z. B. geophysikalische Prospektionen und Rammkernsondierungen, zur Exploration eingesetzt. Bei geophysikalischen Untersuchungen ergeben sich jedoch Schwierigkeiten durch ungenaue Tiefenwerte und die Methoden sind auf ausreichende Kontraste der gemessenen physikalischen Parameter angewiesen. Rammkernsondierungen ermöglichen einen direkten Zugriff auf die Sedimente, erzeugen jedoch wiederum ungenaue Tiefenwerte durch hohe Kompaktionsraten. Aus diesem Grund sind die Implementierung alternativer Methoden und die Entwicklung neuer methodischer Ansätze für die Erforschung von Feuchtgebietsstandorten von herausragender Bedeutung. Die Fossa Carolina, ein frühmittelalterlicher, heute teilweise verschütteter Kanal, ist ein solcher Standort. Das Bauwerk befindet sich in Süddeutschland in der Nähe von Treuchtlingen, südlich von Nürnberg und sollte eine schiffbare Verbindung zwischen dem Rhein-Main- und dem Donaueinzugsgebiet herstellen, indem es die europäische Hauptwasserscheide überbrückte. Zur Erkundung des Bauwerks wurde als Alternative die in situ Direct-Push-Methode eingesetzt. Bei dieser Methode werden verschiedene Sonden in den unkonsolidierten Untergrund gedrückt und die Parameter in situ tiefengenau gemessen. (i) Dabei kamen die Farbsonde, engl. colour logging tool (CLT), und die Sonde zur Messung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit, engl. electrical conductivity (EC) probe, zum Einsatz. (ii) Zur Erfassung archäologischer Strukturen und Befunde wurden die Sondierungen mit einer adaptiven Erkundungsstrategie auf einem Transekt engmaschig verteilt und somit ein hochaufgelöster Querschnitt des Bauwerks erfasst. (iii) Darüber hinaus wurden diese Prospektionen in einen räumlich-hierarchischen Multimethodenansatz integriert, indem in situ Direct-Push-Sondierungen mit z. B. geophysikalischen Erkundungen und Rammkernsondierungen kombiniert wurden. Somit wurde (iv) ein tiefliegender, begrabener Abschnitt der Fossa Carolina im West-Ost-Bereich erkundet, dort die Schiffbarkeit für mindestens eine Schiffsbreite nachgewiesen und die Sedimentstratigraphie der Verfüllung beschrieben. Weiterhin wurde der Ansatz genutzt, um magnetische Anomalien im Umfeld des Kanals zu prospektieren. (v) Im nördlichen und nordöstlichen Bereich lieferten magnetische Anomalien Hinweise auf wasserzuführende Bauwerke im Untergrund. Die Erkundung ergab eine frühholozäne Struktur im nordöstlichen Bereich und eine historische Schotterstraße im nördlichen Bereich. (vi) Weiterhin konnte eine starke magnetische Anomalie mit parallelem Verlauf zum Kanal im nördlichen Bereich zeitlich und stratigraphisch dem Bauwerk zugeordnet werden. Somit konnte zum ersten Mal eine größere Spur des Baus außerhalb des Kanals nachgewiesen werden, auch wenn die Entstehung nicht abschließend geklärt werden konnte. (vii) Im übergeordneten Kontext konnten die Daten der in situ Direct-Push-Transekte in einen 3D-Modellierungsansatz für die gesamte Fossa Carolina zur Quantifizierung des Aushubs integriert werden. (viii) Neben der Erforschung der Fossa Carolina wurde der methodische Ansatz zusätzlich an einem Feuchtgebietsstandort bei Pestenacker in Süddeutschland angewendet, um Informationen über die holozäne Auendynamik an der spätneolithischen Siedlung zu gewinnen. Schlussendlich belegt die Dissertation das enorme methodische Potential der in situ Direct-Push-Erkundungen für die Prospektion von Bodendenkmälern. Dabei erweist sich insbesondere die Farbsonde als äußerst wirkungsvoll, was durch die gezielte Kombination in multi-methodischen Ansätzen noch verstärkt wird. Dies wird durch die aussagekräftigen Ergebnisse an der Fossa Carolina belegt, mit deren Hilfe insbesondere neue Erkenntnisse zur Schiffbarkeit, Wasserzuführung und Baustruktur gewonnen werden konnten. Insgesamt demonstriert diese Dissertation den wertvollen Beitrag, den in situ Direct-Push-Methoden zur geoarchäologischen Forschung leisten können. Sie präsentiert sowohl einen neuen methodischen Ansatz als auch neue empirische Erkenntnisse zu einem frühmittelalterlichen Bauwerk.:Preface Acknowledgements Abstract Kurzfassung Contents List of Figures List of Tables Acronyms and Symbols 1 Introduction 1.1 Geoarchaeological exploration in wetlands: possibilities and challenges 1.1.1 Proven exploration methods 1.1.2 Direct push sensing 1.1.3 Exploration strategies 1.2 The study site 1.2.1 The Fossa Carolina - State of the art in brief 1.2.2 Natural settings 1.3 Aims of the thesis 2 Published Studies 2.1 Minimalinvasive Direct-push-Erkundung in der Feuchtboden(geo)archäologie am Beispiel des Karlsgrabens (Fossa Carolina) 2.2 Non-invasive prospection techniques and direct push sensing as high-resolution validation tools in wetland geoarchaeology – Artificial water supply at a Carolingian canal in South Germany? 2.3 High-Resolution Direct Push Sensing in Wetland Geoarchaeology—First Traces of Off-Site Construction Activities at the Fossa Carolina 2.4 3D-Modelling of Charlemagne’s Summit Canal (Southern Germany)—Merging Remote Sensing and Geoarchaeological Subsurface Data 2.5 A hydrological tipping point and onset of Neolithic wetland occupation in Pestenacker (Lech catchment, S Germany) 3 Discussion 3.1 Direct push sensing for wetland exploration 3.1.1 High-resolution direct push sensing cross-sections 3.1.2 Integration and comparison of direct push sensing in a spatially hierarchical multi-method approach 3.1.3 Direct push colour logging tool (CLT) data for ground truthing 3.1.4 Perspectives on direct push sensing in geoarchaeology 3.2 Results of the exploration of the Fossa Carolina 3.2.1 Chronostratigraphic recording in the West-East and Northern Sections 3.2.2 Characteristics of the canal construction in the West-East and Northern Sections 3.2.3 Validation of off-canal structures in the Northern and North-Eastern Sections 3.2.4 Water supply for the Fossa Carolina 3.2.5 Pending issues in the study of the Fossa Carolina 4 Conclusion References Appendix A1 - Author publications A2 - Article contribution A3 - Declaration of originality A4 - Bibliographic description