Financial data, such as daily or monthly maximum log return of stock price usually possess heavy tail and skewness properties. In this thesis, we consider stock price data of computer hardware and money center banks. Heavy-tailed distributions including Pearson type IV, Pearson type VII and stable distribution were fitted to the daily log return of the data sets, and goodness of fit were compared. For the monthly maximum log return, nonlinear threshold time series models were fitted with heavy tailed innovation distributions. In addition, the value at risk and volatility of the data sets are derived from the fitted distributions.

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Föremålet för denna undersökning är en isländsk handskrift från 1300-talet, AM 231 VII fol., som innehåller ett fragment av Barlaams saga ok Josaphats. Fragmentet består av två skadade pergamentblad och flera forskare har hävdat att dess upphovsman är densamme som har skrivit Uppsala-Eddan, även kallad DG 11. AM 231 VII fol. har dock aldrig givits ut separat eller stått i fokus för en ingående undersökning om dess paleografiska och ortografiska drag. Syftet med uppsatsen är att presentera en diplomatarisk utgåva av handskriften, granska dess paleografi och språkformer och bilda ett pålitligt underlag för en jämförelse mellan den och DG 11. En sådan jämförelse faller emellertid utanför ramen för denna uppsats. På grundval av den paleografiska undersökningen har jag på en makropaleografisk nivå kunnat etablera handskriftens graftyper och på en mikropaleografisk nivå dess graftypsvarianter. Dessutom har jag ur skrifthistoriskt perspektiv kategoriserat skriften i fragmentet som tillhörande den gotiska skrifttypen Northern Textualis, även om vissa kursiva drag också går att iaktta. Resultaten av den ortografiska undersökningen motsäger delvis de tidigare redogörelserna av handskriftens språkformer. I synnerhet gäller detta: 1) representationen av den bakre trycksvaga vokalen, som oftast är \o\, medan \v\ bara förekommer några gånger; 2) den främre trycksvaga vokalen skrivs alltid \i\, förutom i ett fall där graftypen \e\ används; 3) reflexivändelsen i verben skrivs både \z\ och \zt\; 4) norvagismerna är fler än man tidigare hade iakttagit: den oomljudda ordformen \mannoþvm\; skrivningarna med \e\ för förväntat /æ:/ efter velar och nasal konsonant; \þ\ för förväntat /d/ efter nasal konsonant och efter /l/; ordformen \herbyrgi\. De nya yngre drag som jag har kunnat iaktta är följande: det ofta förekommande bruket av \av\ för /ɔ/ istället för \o\; fonemet /æ:/ skrivs oftast \æ\ och bara några gånger e med hake; /l/ dubbeltecknas alltid framför /d/ och /t/; reflexivändelsen i verben är ibland \zt\. Som äldre drag räknar jag bruket av graftypen \o\ för den bakre trycksvaga vokalen. Vokallängden markeras ibland genom överskriven accenttecken i kortare ord, men oftast markeras den inte. Dubbelteckning av \a\ förekommer uteslutande i namn av icke-nordiskt ursprung. Fonemen /a:/ och /ɔ:/ har sammanfallit och skrivs \a\. Fonemen /æ:/ och /ø:/ har också sammanfallit och skrivs båda två \æ\. Konsonantlängden markeras oftast genom dubbelteckning men vissa långa konsonantiska fonem betecknas genom överskriven punkt: /t:/, med kapitäl, /g:/, /m:/, och /r:/, eller med särskilda graftypsvarianter, /n:/. Kapitälerna har i vissa fall endast framhållande funktion eller förekommer i samband med supralinjära förkortningstecken. Visst inflytande från den latinska skrifttraditionen kan noteras i skrivningen \qv\ för /kw/.

Adenovirus (Ad) is a widely studied DNA virus, but the nucleoprotein structure of the viral genome in the cell is poorly characterized. Our objective is to study Ad DNA-protein associations and how these affect the viral life cycle. Most of the viral DNA condensing protein, protein VII, is lost within a few hours of infection and this loss is independent of transcription. Cellular histones associate with the viral DNA after removal of protein VII, with a preferential deposition of H3.3. Micrococcal nuclease accessibility assays at 6 hpi showed laddering of the viral DNA, suggesting the genome is wrapped in physiologically spaced nucleosomes. Although viral DNA continues to associate with H3.3 at late times of infection, the overall level of association with histones is greatly reduced. Knockdown of the H3.3 chaperone HIRA had no effect on the viral life cycle suggesting that other H3.3 chaperones are involved. Our studies have begun to elucidate the nucleoprotein structure of Ad DNA in the infected cell nucleus.

This thesis, based on private papers, society records, autobiographies and memoirs, newspapers and periodicals, examines one mainly female imperialist organisation - the Victoria League - and the women who ran it. It considers two related questions - what made Edwardian women imperialist, and how, within the limits of Edwardian society, could they express their imperialism? The thesis shows that several of the League's founders and executive had visited South Africa during or shortly before the Boer War, and that this experience, particularly for those who came into close contact with Milner, was pivotal in stimulating them to active imperialism. The Victoria League, founded April 1901, aimed to promote imperial unity and a British South Africa in a variety of suitably 'womanly' ways: Boer War charities, imperial education, exporting literature and art to the white dominions (particularly the Transvaal), welcoming colonial visitors to Britain, arranging for the welcome of British settlers in the colonies, and promoting social reform as an imperial issue. It worked overseas through a number of independent Victoria Leagues in Australasia, the Imperial Order, Daughters of the Empire in Canada, and the Guild of Loyal Women in South Africa; and at home with a number of similar (though largely male) imperial propaganda societies. The thesis also considers the Victoria League's attitude to race, particularly through its debate over entertaining Indian students. It ends with a discussion of the options available to imperialist women; and of the obstacles they faced in questions of authority (how far and in what ways a woman could pronounce on imperial subjects) and of ideology (as expressed through the anti-suffrage campaign). It concludes that the Victoria League, by transferring areas of activity long acknowledged as 'feminine' to the imperial stage, redefined areas of female competence and enlarged woman's 'separate sphere' to include the active propagation of imperialism.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2003. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

This dissertation examines the discursive and material terrain of urban Indigenous education in a public school district and Title VII/Indian Education program. Based in tenets of Tribal Critical Race Theory and utilizing counterstorytelling techniques from Critical Race Theory informed by contemporary Indigenous philosophy and methodological theory, this research takes as its focus the often-unacknowledged ways settler colonial discourses continue to operate in public schools. Drawing on two years of fieldwork in a public school district, this dissertation documents and makes explicit racial and colonial dynamics that manifest in educational policy and practice through a series of counterstories. The counterstories survey a range of educational issues, including the implementation of Native-themed curriculum, teachers’ attempts to support Native students in their classrooms, challenges to an administrator’s “no adornment” policies for graduation, Native families’ negotiations of erasures embedded in practice and policy, and a Title VII program’s efforts to claim physical and cultural space in the district, among other issues. As a collective, these stories highlight the ways that colonization and settler society discourses continue to shape Native students’ experiences in schools. Further, by documenting the nuanced intelligence, courage, artfulness, and what Gerald Vizenor has termed the “survivance” of Native students, families, and educators as they attempt to access education, the research provides a corrective to deficit framings of Indigenous students. Beyond building empathy and compassion for Native students and communities, the purpose is to identify both the content and nature of the competencies teachers, administrators, and policy makers might need in order to provide educational services that promote Indigenous students’ success and well-being in school and foster educational self-determination. This research challenges educators to critically interrogate taken-for-granted assumptions about Native identity, culture, and education and invites educators to examine their own contexts for knowledge, insights, and resources to better support Native students in urban public schools and intervene into discourses that constrain their educational experiences.

Fitoplasmas são agentes causais de diversas doenças em numerosas espécies botânicas cultivadas, daninhas e silvestres. São procariotos que não apresentam parede celular, parasitas intracelulares obrigatórios, habitantes do floema e da hemolinfa, sendo transmitidos naturalmente por insetos vetores do tipo cigarrinhas. Plantas de oliveira apresentando sintomas tipicamente induzidos por fitoplasmas, caracterizados por desenvolvimento lento e superbrotamento de ramos com folhas de tamanho reduzido, foram observadas na cidade de Extrema (MG). A anomalia provoca danos significativos, pois retarda o início de produção e reduz o rendimento da cultura. Sintomas semelhantes foram relatados em olivais implantados em outros países, onde a doença foi associada aos fitoplasmas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar a associação de fitoplasma com as plantas afetadas e identificar o fitoplasma presente nas árvores doentes. Para isto foram utilizadas as técnicas moleculares de PCR e RFLP, além de análise filogenética. Os resultados revelaram a presença de fitoplasmas em 73% das árvores sintomáticas analisadas, evidenciando que os sintomas observados no campo eram induzidos por fitoplasma. A doença foi denominada de vassoura-de-bruxa da oliveira. A identificação molecular permitiu classificar o fitoplasma como um representante do grupo 16SrVII-B. Este é o primeiro relato da ocorrência de fitoplasma em plantas de oliveira no Brasil. Em termos mais amplos, é o primeiro relato da associação de um fitoplasma do grupo 16SrVII com a doença vassoura-de-bruxa da oliveira, a qual, em outros países, está associada a fitoplasmas distintos do fitoplasma identificado no presente trabalho. / Phytoplasmas are causal agents of diverse diseases occurring in numerous botanical species, among them cultivated, weeds and wild plants. They are wall-less prokaryotes, obligate intracellular parasites, inhabitants of phoem vessels and hemolymph, and naturally transmitted by insect vectors belonging to the group of the leafhoppers. Olive trees exhibiting symptoms typically induced by phytoplasmas, characterized by slow growth and shoot proliferation with small leaves, were observed in the municipality of Extrema (MG). The anomaly provokes significant damage due to the delay in the beginning of the production and yield reduction of the crop. Similar symptoms have been reported in olive orchards cultivated in other countries, where the disease was associated with phytoplasmas. The objective of the present investigation was to demonstrate the association of phytoplasma with affected plants and identify the phytoplasma present in diseased trees. PCR assays, RFLP analysis and phylogenetic analysis were used to molecular characterization of the phytoplasma. The results revealed the presence of phytoplasma in 73% of the symptomatic trees, evidencing that the symptoms observed in field were induced by phytoplasma. The disease was designated by olive witches\" broom. The molecular identification allowed classify the phytoplasma as a representative of the 16SrVII-B group. This is the first report of the occurrence of phytoplasma in olive plants in Brazil. Moreover, this is also the first report of the association of a group 16SrVII phytoplasma with olive whitches\" broom disease, which has been described in other countries in association with phytoplasmas different from the phytoplasma identified in the present study.

Orientador: Haquira Osakabe / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-02T00:34:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Soda_Nahomi_M.pdf: 3780593 bytes, checksum: 69ffc1e683ec031ff11be8d87de7224c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: A dissertação compara um grupo de poemas associados ao gênero de lamentação fúnebre, presentes na lírica galego-portuguesa da Idade Média e na literatura japonesa da antigüidade. Na parte galego-portuguesa foram escolhidos poemas produzidos nas cortes feudais da Península Ibérica nos séculos XIII e XIV e conservados nos Cancioneiros. Na parte japonesa, foram estudados os poemas que figuram em três obras, a saber, duas historiografiasde caráter mítico-Iendárioe uma antologia lírica chamada Man' yõshú. Essas três obras japonesas foram compiladas nos séculos VII e VIII, quando o Japão se organizava em um Estado. Quanto à organização do trabalho, primeiramente as características de cada cultura lírica foram examinadas em separado e, na conclusão, foi realizado seu confronto. Embora duas manifestações líricas não tenham pertencido à mesma civilização nem a período idêntico, o gênero de lamentação, em ambas, mostra uma grande similaridade. No trabalho, discute-se sobretudo a função geral do gênero de lamentação nas sociedadese nos períodos focalizados / Abstract: This work examine one group of poetry associated to funeral lamentation, existing in the middle age of Galician-Portuguese lyric and in the antiquity of Japanese literature. Some poems realized in the feudal courts during the XII and XIVth century and preserved in the collective anthologies were picked up from the Galician-Portuguese literature. Fromthe Japanese literature, poems figured in three works, two historiography of mythical-legendary character called Kojild e Shoki, and one lyric anthology called Manyoshu, were chosen. These three works were prepared in the VIIth and VIIIth century while Japan was being organized into State. The characteristics of chosen poems of Galician-Portuguese literature and the Japanese literature, were studied separately and then were compared. The two literaturedid not belong to the same civilization nor the same period and thus, no direct relationshipwas found. However, their funerall amentation show a great similarity. This study might help to understand the general role of the lamentation in the focused society or period / Mestrado / Literatura Geral e Comparada / Mestre em Teoria e História Literária

Adenovirus (Ad) is a widely studied DNA virus, but the nucleoprotein structure of the viral genome in the cell is poorly characterized. Our objective is to study Ad DNA-protein associations and how these affect the viral life cycle. Most of the viral DNA condensing protein, protein VII, is lost within a few hours of infection and this loss is independent of transcription. Cellular histones associate with the viral DNA after removal of protein VII, with a preferential deposition of H3.3. Micrococcal nuclease accessibility assays at 6 hpi showed laddering of the viral DNA, suggesting the genome is wrapped in physiologically spaced nucleosomes. Although viral DNA continues to associate with H3.3 at late times of infection, the overall level of association with histones is greatly reduced. Knockdown of the H3.3 chaperone HIRA had no effect on the viral life cycle suggesting that other H3.3 chaperones are involved. Our studies have begun to elucidate the nucleoprotein structure of Ad DNA in the infected cell nucleus.