The purpose of this study was to examine the differences as well as the similarities between the coverage and representation of the coaches of the Swedish men's national team and women's national team. The method we used for our study was quantitative content analysis. We examined 473 articles in the two Swedish tabloid newspapers Aftonbladet and Expressen. Some of the major results that we found in the study were that the representation of the coach of the men's national team were more positive than the women's coach. 76 articles about Jan Andersson, coach for the men's team were positive, while 25 articles about Pia Sundhage, coach for the women's team were positive. We also found out that the men's national team were in far more articles than the women's team. 340 articles were about the men's team and 133 articles were about the women's team.

Discrete dynamic system models that track, maintain, utilize, and evolve virtual time are referred to as virtual time systems (VTS). The realization of VTS using virtual machine (VM) technology offers several benefits including fidelity, scalability, interoperability, fault tolerance and load balancing. The usage of VTS with VMs appears in two ways: (a) VMs within VTS, and (b) VTS over VMs. The former is prevalent in high-fidelity cyber infrastructure simulations and cyber-physical system simulations, wherein VMs form a crucial component of VTS. The latter appears in the popular Cloud computing services, where VMs are offered as computing commodities and the VTS utilizes VMs as parallel execution platforms. Prior to our work presented here, the simulation community using VM within VTS (specifically, cyber infrastructure simulations) had little awareness of the existence of a fundamental virtual time-ordering problem. The correctness problem was largely unnoticed and unaddressed because of the unrecognized effects of fair-share multiplexing of VMs to realize virtual time evolution of VMs within VTS. The dissertation research reported here demonstrated the latent incorrectness of existing methods, defined key correctness benchmarks, quantitatively measured the incorrectness, proposed and implemented novel algorithms to overcome incorrectness, and optimized the solutions to execute without a performance penalty. In fact our novel, correctness-enforcing design yields better runtime performance than the traditional (incorrect) methods. Similarly, the VTS execution over VM platforms such as Cloud computing services incurs large performance degradation, which was not known until our research uncovered the fundamental mismatch between the scheduling needs of VTS execution and those of traditional parallel workloads. Consequently, we designed a novel VTS-aware hypervisor scheduler and showed significant performance gains in VTS execution over VM platforms. Prior to our work, the performance concern of VTS over VM was largely unaddressed due to the absence of an understanding of execution policy mismatch between VMs and VTS applications. VTS follows virtual-time order execution whereas the conventional VM execution follows fair-share policy. Our research quantitatively uncovered the exact cause of poor performance of VTS in VM platforms. Moreover, we proposed and implemented a novel virtual time-aware execution methodology that relieves the degradation and provides over an order of magnitude faster execution than the traditional virtual time-unaware execution.

Wave-structure interactions play an important role on the design and maintenance of coastal and offshore constructions. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a convenient tool for analyzing wave-structure interactions in costal and offshore engineering. The potential model and the viscous model are traditional mathematical models for wave-structure interactions, which have disadvantages in computational robustness, when they are applied individually. Therefore, recently, more and more multi-model methods are used for coupling the viscous model and the potential model together. So far, in the existing multi-model methods, the surface-piercing structure only exists in the viscous domain so that the viscous domain should be large enough. In order to improve the computational efficiency, some multi-model methods are developed, where the structure is considered in both viscous domain and Euler domain. Firstly, by function-decomposition method, an Euler-viscous hybrid model is proposed. Comparing with the other function-decomposition hybrid models, a surface-piercing structure exists in both a large Euler domain and a small viscous domain. By this, the reflection, diffraction, and radiation waves from the structure can be considered in both two computational domains. Therefore, the computational efficiency can be enhanced remarkably. To couple the Euler model and the viscous model, complementary RANS equations are deduced, with complementary turbulence models. Corresponding boundary conditions are also developed for coupling. A relaxed scheme is proposed for damping the viscous effects and keeping free surface consistent. For wave interactions with moving structures, the transition of total forces acting on the structure from the viscous domain to the Euler domain is used to guarantee the same motion of structures in two domains. Secondly, the function-decomposition Euler-viscous hybrid model is extended by domain-decomposition method. Then, function-decomposition method and domain-decomposition method are coupled together. The wave generation and propagation is solved in a potential domain. By this, the computational efficiency for wave-structure interactions in a large real wave tank can be improved. Computational robustness of Euler-viscous hybrid model for surface-piercing wave-structure interactions are studied by some cases. It is found that the size of the viscous domain, the length of transition zone, and mesh resolution can affect computational precision. Computational efficiency is mainly affected by the size of the viscous domain. For extended Euler-viscous hybrid model, the distance before reaching the inlet boundary of the Euler domain plays a crucial role on computational accuracy and efficiency. Validations are done by comparing numerical results based on hybrid models, conventional RANS model and experimental results. It is shown that hybrid models own the same computational accuracy as the conventional RANS model. Furthermore, the computational accuracy can be improved remarkably. In some cases, more than 85% CPU time can be saved. The hybrid models are applied to simulate wave interactions with a structure subjected to seabed effects. By comparing with numerical simulations based on the conventional RANS model, it is indicated that hybrid models can be also used on complex computational domain. Some properties of wave interactions with a floating structure subjected to a submerged structure are found by numerical simulations.

Live migration is a mechanism that allows a VM to be moved from one host to another while the guest operating system is running. Current live migration implementations are able to maintain network connectivity in a LAN. However, the same techniques cannot be applied for live migration over the Internet. We present a solution based on PMIPv6, a light-weight mobility protocol standardized by IETF. PMIPv6 handles node mobility without requiring any support from the moving nodes. In addition, PMIPv6 works with IPv4, IPv6 and dual-stack nodes. We have setup a testbed to measure the performance of live migration in a PMIPv6 network. Our results show that network connectivity is successfully maintained with little signaling overhead and short VM downtime. As far as we know, this is the first time PMIPv6 is used to enable live migration beyond the scope of a LAN.

The rapid growth of virtualized data centers and cloud hosting services is making the management of physical resources such as CPU, memory, and I/O bandwidth in data center servers increasingly important. Server management now involves dealing with multiple dissimilar applications with varying Service-Level-Agreements (SLAs) and multiple resource dimensions. The multiplicity and diversity of resources and applications are rendering administrative tasks more complex and challenging. This thesis aimed to develop a framework and techniques that would help substantially reduce data center management complexity. We specifically addressed two crucial data center operations. First, we precisely estimated capacity requirements of client virtual machines (VMs) while renting server space in cloud environment. Second, we proposed a systematic process to efficiently allocate physical resources to hosted VMs in a data center. To realize these dual objectives, accurately capturing the effects of resource allocations on application performance is vital. The benefits of accurate application performance modeling are multifold. Cloud users can size their VMs appropriately and pay only for the resources that they need; service providers can also offer a new charging model based on the VMs performance instead of their configured sizes. As a result, clients will pay exactly for the performance they are actually experiencing; on the other hand, administrators will be able to maximize their total revenue by utilizing application performance models and SLAs. This thesis made the following contributions. First, we identified resource control parameters crucial for distributing physical resources and characterizing contention for virtualized applications in a shared hosting environment. Second, we explored several modeling techniques and confirmed the suitability of two machine learning tools, Artificial Neural Network and Support Vector Machine, to accurately model the performance of virtualized applications. Moreover, we suggested and evaluated modeling optimizations necessary to improve prediction accuracy when using these modeling tools. Third, we presented an approach to optimal VM sizing by employing the performance models we created. Finally, we proposed a revenue-driven resource allocation algorithm which maximizes the SLA-generated revenue for a data center.

Optimal cut plans for cutter suction dredgers aim to maximize operational efficiency. Maximizing operational efficiency involves minimization of stoppage time resulting from non-productive dredger movements. To automate a systematic search for optimal twodimensional cut plans for cutter suction dredgers two models with an adaptive simulated annealing-based solution approach were developed. The first model, the dredge cut nesting model, optimizes irregular stock cutting problems where stencils represent dredge cuts and sheets represent dredging areas. Stencils are collections of unit dredge cuts with dimensions related to an effective cutting width which can be achieved with the cutter suction dredger considered. The objectives of the dredge cut nesting model are to maximize sheet coverage and to minimize stencil overlap. Centroids of unit dredge cuts of final nest layouts are extracted and used as grid nodes in the second model. The second model, the dredger routing model, optimizes asymmetric travelling salesperson problems with turning costs. The objectives of the dredger routing model are to minimize total route length and sum of turning angles, and to maximize average link length. A link consists of two or more route edges which are aligned with each other to within specified limits. A significant result of this research is that an engineering application of both models showed that two-dimensional cut plans for cutter suction dredgers can be systematically optimized and that dredger routes with minimum turning costs can be found. However, results also showed that the dredger routing model is not yet sophisticated enough to find cut plans for cutter suction dredgers for which overall project execution time is minimal.

This diploma thesis focuses on the preparation of an operating system, a simulation environment and the creation of two laboratory exercises explaining network technologies. In the theoretical part protocols DHCP, FTP, TFTP, HTTP, and NAT service are described. The practical part focuses on the installation of ns-3 and GNS3 programmes and their utilization and settings on OS Ubuntu 18.10. Moreover, it deals with the preparation of laboratory exercises created in the simulation programmes mentioned above together with tutorials, self-check questions and HTTP server in the Python programming language.

Cloud computing’s growing popularity is based on the cloud’s flexibility and the availability of a huge amount of resources. Today, cloud providers offer a wide range of predefined solutions, VM (virtual machine) sizes and customization differing in performance, support and price. In this thesis it is investigated how to achieve cost minimization within specified performance goals for a commercial service with computation occurring in a repetitive pattern. A promising multilevel queue scheduling and a set of auto-scaling rules to fulfil computation deadlines and job prioritization and lower server cost is presented. In addition, an investigation to find an optimal VM size in the sense of cost and performance points out further areas of cloud service optimization.

Syfte & Frågeställningar Inom internationell boxning verkar slagvolymen under match vara en betydelsefull faktor förvinst. Det är emellertid oklart om detta stämmer inom svensk boxning. Syftet med studienär att fylla denna kunskapslucka och undersöka eventuella skillnader mellan svensk ochinternationell boxning, med huvudsakligt fokus på slagvolym. Detta ämnas sedan kunnaanvändas som underlag för vidareutveckling vid taktisk planering samt träningsupplägg.Studiens frågeställningar är som följer: 1) Skiljer sig den totala slagvolymen mellan svenskoch internationell boxning? 2) Finns det ett samband mellan total slagvolym och vinst, samtgäller detta både svensk och internationell boxning? 3) Hur fördelas slagen av vinnandeboxare (kropp, respektive huvud) och skiljer sig detta mellan svensk och internationellboxning? Metod Denna studie innefattar videoanalyser av boxningsmatcher med efterföljande kvantitativanalys av de data som samlats in. Analysen omfattar totalt 60 matcher på internationell (n=30)och svensk elitnivå (n=30), där de variabler som kommer undersökas är total slagvolym,slagvolym per rond samt hur slagen fördelas mellan kropp och huvud. Detta för att sedanundersöka om det finns ett samband mellan total slagvolym och vinst samt hur och om deskiljer sig mot internationell boxning. Resultat Studiens resultat visade på en signifikant skillnad mellan svenska mästerskapen (2019 &2020) och världsmästerskapen (2019) (p< 0,01) där de svenska mästerskapen hade en högretotal slagvolym. Resultatet visade inte på en signifikant skillnad mellan vinnare och förlorare(p>0,05) oberoende av mästerskap eller inom de enskilda mästerskapen för parametrarna totalslagvolym, slagvolym mot kropp respektive huvud samt slagvolym per rond. Slutsatser Trots den numeriska skillnaden i slagvolym finner studien inte att slagvolymen är avgörandeför vinst eller förlust oberoende av mästerskap. Slagvolymen skiljer sig mellan svenskamästerskapen (2019 & 2020) och världsmästerskapen (2019). Fördelningen av slag skiljer siginte mellan vinnare och förlorare inom respektive mästerskap.

This Master Thesis aims to provide a broader understanding of what Visual Planning is and how it can be combined with other methods to enhance the efficiency in product development projects. The investigation and empirical part of the study has been conducted by qualitative research based on interviews, observations and informal conversations with people from two different Swedish companies. The results were used in a comparative case study conducted with the purpose to provide an overview about how Visual Planning is used and applied in Lean product development projects inside the Swedish industry. It has been found that Visual Planning constitutes a useful and favorable method for enhancing different aspects such as communication and knowledge transfer among the team members, and for avoiding task overlapping, problems and misunderstandings during the project development. However the method has some limitations which become significant barriers to the progress of projects. These hurdles would be eliminated with the use of software tools that would make the project development run in a smoother and more efficient way.