Empirical evidence indicates that companies that reduce information asymmetry by increased voluntary disclosures achieve several benefits, such as lower cost of capital, improved pricing, and liquidity of their shares. Despite the possibility of such benefits, many studies report varying degrees of voluntary disclosure behaviour that is attributable to various factors. Recent studies indicate that investors’ investment horizon has a significant effect on actions taken by management. Companies with predominantly short-horizon investors spend less on research and development, invest in shorter-term projects that are less profitable than longer-term projects, and are more likely to manipulate earnings to meet short-term earnings expectations. This study investigates whether investors’ investment horizon has an effect on the quality of companies’ information environment. Long-horizon investors should be familiar with their investee company’s risks and rewards, using both their own internal information gathering processes and the cumulative information disclosed by management over time. Moreover, over the course of a long-term relationship, they can become familiar with management’s capability to deliver long-term sustainable returns. Long-horizon investors should therefore be less concerned with short-term fluctuations of earnings and management’s public explanations and disclosures thereof. I hypothesise that higher (lower) proportions of long-horizon investors are associated with lower (higher) quality voluntary disclosure. The shareholder familiarity hypothesis was tested in this study, using an ordinary least squares regression. Voluntary disclosures were observed via the channel of companies’ websites. A checklist was compiled of best practices for online investor relations, and content analyses were conducted on the websites of 205 companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. Shareholder familiarity was proxied by shareholder stability, measured over nine years. The stability measure was lagged by one year to create a temporal difference between the shareholder profile and disclosure behaviour. I found that companies with a profile of unstable investors that are larger, younger, dual-listed and have a Big4 auditor have higher quality online investor relations practices. The hypothesis of a negative association between shareholder familiarity and voluntary disclosure quality is therefore accepted. This study extends the theory on information asymmetry and voluntary disclosure by providing evidence supporting the argument that investor horizon is a predictor of voluntary disclosure quality. The dictum of more is better does not hold in all scenarios. It is important for financial directors and investor relations officers to establish the investment horizon profile of their respective companies’ shareholders before they embark on extensive disclosure programmes. / Financial Intelligence

Submitted by Rosangela Silva (rosangela.silva3@unioeste.br) on 2018-05-21T12:45:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Samuel Lyncon Leandro de Lima.pdf: 1808970 bytes, checksum: b2b1050659f01e1b4764283ecaec7480 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-21T12:45:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Samuel Lyncon Leandro de Lima.pdf: 1808970 bytes, checksum: b2b1050659f01e1b4764283ecaec7480 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-06 / Voluntary disclosure of financial information consists of a theme with a fundamental role in Accounting, and in this sense, many authors have discussed for some decades, mainly with the studies of Verrecchia (1983) and Dye (1985). Among the aspects worked on the issue of voluntary disclosure is the reduction of informational asymmetry. From this perspective, considering the importance of maximizing transparency, arising from the practice of voluntary disclosure, sought to perform analyzes with eight logit regression models, based on Brazilians non-financial companies listed on the Brazil Bolsa Balcão S.A., in 2016. The research differential was to distinguish the respective dependent variables with the aid of a quality metric for the comparison amongst published information of the companies in question. We have Murcia’s study (2009) as a reference to establish which variables, in principle, more explain the willingness of companies to publish voluntarily information. Therefore, we tried to answer the following research question: "What is the probability of the explanatory variables selected influence the practices of voluntary disclosure in Brazilian non-financial companies listed on the Brazil Bolsa Balcão S.A, in 2016?”. Thereby, we have carried out the analysis of the data in two stages. The first one consisted of an in-depth survey on the content of the publications carried out by the sample companies, aiming to qualify, comparatively, the information evidenced by the companies, under the parameter of a metric constructed contemplating the quality of the information. This first stage of the analysis was performed in addition to identifying the level of voluntary disclosure of companies, by segment of activity and economic sector for the construction of dependent variables. Therefore, in the second stage of the data analysis, we worked with the logit regression models proposed in the research, with the objective of estimating the probability of practicing the voluntary disclosure of financial information. As the main results, when verified the data presented by the estimated regression models, it was found that the coefficients associated with corporate governance and audit have a positive influence expressive on a probability of disclosure of information, so coefficients of the first variable were statistically significant in the integral of the estimated models. In addition, regarding the results presented by the coefficients associated with the explanatory variables related to the economic and financial performance of the companies, none presented statistical significance. Finally, although the theme of voluntary disclosure has been, extensively, discussed in the literature, it still has gaps to be explored that would contribute to the advancement of these discussions. / A divulgação voluntária de informações financeiras consiste em uma temática com papel fundamental na Contabilidade, e nesse sentido, vem sendo discutida há algumas décadas, principalmente com os estudos dos autores Verrecchia (1983) e Dye (1985). Dentre os aspectos trabalhados na questão da divulgação voluntária de informações financeiras está a redução da assimetria informacional. Nessa perspectiva, considerando-se a importância pela maximização da transparência, decorrente da prática de evidenciação de informações financeiras voluntária, buscou-se empreender análises com oito modelos de regressão logit, com base nas companhias brasileiras não financeiras de capital aberto, listadas na Brasil Bolsa Balcão, no exercício de 2016. O diferencial de pesquisa, aqui proposto, foi distinguir as respectivas variáveis dependentes, com o auxílio de uma métrica de qualidade para a comparação entre a publicação de informações das companhias em questão. O estudo de Murcia (2009) foi utilizado como referência para se estabelecer quais as variáveis, que em princípio, mais explicam a disposição das empresas a publicarem informações voluntárias. Diante disso, buscou-se responder à seguinte questão de pesquisa: “Qual a probabilidade das variáveis explicativas selecionadas influenciarem as práticas de disclosure voluntário de informações financeiras das companhias brasileiras não financeiras de capital aberto listadas na Brasil Bolsa Balcão no ano de 2016?”. Assim sendo, a análise dos dados foi realizada em duas etapas, de modo que a primeira consistiu no levantamento em profundidade sobre o conteúdo das publicações realizadas pelas companhias da amostra, objetivando qualificar, comparativamente, as informações evidenciadas pelas empresas, sob o parâmetro de uma métrica construída contemplando a qualidade da informação. Essa primeira etapa da análise prestou-se para além de identificar o nível de divulgação voluntária das empresas, por segmento de atuação e setor econômico, também para construção das variáveis dependentes. Por conseguinte, na segunda etapa da análise dos dados, trabalhou-se com os modelos de regressão logit propostos na pesquisa, com o objetivo de estimar a probabilidade da prática do disclosure voluntário de informações financeiras. Como principais achados da pesquisa, quando verificado os resultados apresentados pelos modelos de regressão estimados, constatou-se que os coeficientes associados à governança corporativa e auditoria apresentaram uma significativa influência positiva sobre a probabilidade de divulgação das informações, sendo que os coeficientes da primeira variável foram estatisticamente significantes na integralidade dos modelos estimados. Ademais, quanto aos resultados apresentados pelos coeficientes associados às variáveis explicativas relacionadas ao desempenho econômico e financeiro das companhias, nenhum apresentou significância estatística. Por fim, embora a temática da divulgação voluntária seja extensivamente discutida na literatura, ainda possui lacunas a serem exploradas, que contribuiriam com o avanço dessas discussões.

This paper explores the extent to which corporations currently increase the voluntary disclosures in triple bottom line (TBL) reports. Although research already has provided substantial contributions as to why and how firms apply TBL reporting, there remains limited understanding of the motivations for and against making voluntary disclosures. Drawing from literature in environmental management and accounting as well as international auditing, this work focuses on guidance, boundarysetting and external assurance for TBL reports. An inductive case study approach is applied to investigate the credibility of TBL reporting by contrasting the competing predictions from legitimacy theory and voluntary disclosure theory on voluntary disclosures. A set of firm and industry specific factors are identified that are expected to determine a firm’s level and extent of reporting. The sample comprises nine US and EU red biotechnology corporations which aligned their TBL reporting to the GRI reporting standards in at least part of their TBL reports that were published between 2000 and 2009. An initial attempt is made to systematically investigate the credibility of TBL reporting to develop the model of voluntary disclosures. The empirical findings of this case study suggest that current guidance, boundary-setting and assurance for TBL reports are not sufficient to increase the credibility, comparability and reliability of reporting. Voluntary disclosure theory can serve to provide economic motivations, while legitimacy theory is helpful to provide a legitimating motivation. The findings support the notion that the economics-based factors better explain the secrecy strategy of providing mainly soft disclosures. The increase of disclosure levels maybe is considered sufficient to respond to public pressure. This work concludes by suggesting some directions of research in the areas of boundary-setting and assurance that have academic and practical implications.

This dissertation explores the disclosure on intangibles acquired in Mergers & Acquisitos. The related empirical analyses are based on a sample of M&As that are accounted for under the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US-GAAP). In three different research papers I answer three distinct research questions. In order to enable capital providers and other external stakeholders to evaluate the PPA, the International Financial Reporting Standard 3 (IFRS 3) and the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 141 (SFAS 141) require the acquirer firm’s management to disclose information about the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the notes to the financial statement. The first research paper (see chapter II) addresses the following research question: Which information about intangibles acquired in M&As does the acquirer firm’s management disclose in the notes to the financial statement? The second research paper examines the factors that affect the initial recognition of goodwill. This research question is answered in the second research paper (see chapter III): Does the acquirer firm’s management opportunistically or efficiently use its discretion to recognize goodwill initially? The corporate information environment consists not only of corporate disclosure but also of disclosure by information intermediaries. The third research paper (see chapter IV) addresses this last set of research questions: Which information about intangibles acquired in M&As is provided in voluntary or mandatory corporate disclosures and in disclosures by information intermediaries? How are the disclosure channels interrelated?

Titel: Svenska företags redovisning av intellektuellt kapital i spåren av covid-19-pandemin -En kvantitativ studie av 120 börsnoterade företag Nivå: Examensarbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen) i ämnet företagsekonomi Författare: Hanna Lindström och Saga Djäkner Handledare: Jan Svanberg Datum: 2023 - maj Syfte: I början av år 2020 drabbades världen av en pandemi som haft betydande påverkan på stora delar av samhället, såväl människor som företag. I svåra ekonomiska tider kan företagen behöva framhäva andra kvalitéer inom bolaget än de finansiella. Tidigare forskning visar hur redovisningen av intellektuellt kapital ökat under ekonomiska kriser, som finanskrisen eller generellt under en lågkonjunktur. Vi såg därför en möjlighet att bidra till att fylla ett kunskapsgap och undersöka om covid-19-pandemin har fått företagen att öka eller minska sin redovisningsmängd av intellektuellt kapital. Syftet med studien är därmed att utifrån finansiella rapporter undersöka om den frivilliga redovisningen av intellektuellt kapital i svenska börsnoterade företag har minskat eller ökat på grund av covid-19-pandemin. För att uppfylla syftet har vi formulerat två frågeställningar som vi besvarat i studien. Metod: Metoden vi har tillämpat i denna studie är en kvantitativ metod. En innehållsanalys har använts genom ett index av sökord och kodning. Därefter har det genomförts en korrelationsanalys mellan de oberoende variablerna bransch och företagsstorlek. Därefter har vi utfört två multipla regressionsanalyser mellan beroende variablerna (redovisningsmängd 2019 samt 2021) och de oberoende variablerna. Datan för studien har samlats in genom Nasdaq där studien har begränsats till svenska företag noterade på Stockholmsbörsen som har sina årsredovisningar tillgängliga på engelska för år 2019 respektive 2021. Resultat och slutsats: Slutsatsen för studien är att redovisningen av intellektuellt kapital har ökat mellan år 2019 och 2021. Det går däremot inte att fastställa att ökningen är helt eller delvis på grund av coronapandemin. Studien påvisar ett statistiskt säkerställt samband mellan företagens storlek och deras benägenhet att redovisa intellektuellt kapital. Ett statistiskt säkerställt samband fanns däremot inte mellan branschen respektive företag var verksam i och deras redovisningsnivå av intellektuellt kapital. Examensarbetets bidrag: Studiens resultat anser vi kan hjälpa företag att få en ökad kunskap om ämnet intellektuellt kapital och därtill hur redovisningen av fenomenet kan utgöra en fördel för företagen, speciellt under en finansiell kris. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Baserat på studiens resultat ser vi en möjlighet för framtida forskning att bygga vidare på vår studie och utföra en kvalitativ studie där företagen själva får motivera anledningen bakom ökad redovisningsnivå av intellektuellt kapital. Ännu ett förslag till framtida forskning är att undersöka om det finns ett samband mellan försämrad lönsamhet och högre redovisningsnivå av intellektuellt kapital. / Title: Swedish companies level of disclosure regarding intellectual capital in the wake of the covid-19-pandemic - A quantitative study of 120 listed companies. Level: Student thesis, final assignment for Bachelor Degree in Business Administration. Author: Hanna Lindström and Saga Djäkner Supervisor: Jan Svanberg Date: 2023 - May Aim: Early year 2020, the world experienced the beginning of a pandemic. Since then, this pandemic has had a major influence in the life of both humans and cooperations. Companies were forced to adjust their way of doing business, creating safe working environments but also cutting down operations and workforce. At the same time, a crisis could also mean a need to highlight other qualities than just financial, as the latter tends to underperform. Previous research has proven an increase in the level of disclosure of intellectual capital following a financial crisis. This pandemic could be seen as a new phenomenon, therefore we found a possible knowledge gap to fill by examining if the covid-19-pandemic affected the level of disclosure regarding intellectual capital. The purpose of this study is therefore to investigate, based on annual reports, whether the voluntary intellectual capital disclosure of Swedish listed companies has increased or decreased due to the covid-19-pandemic. To fulfill our purpose, two research questions were defined and later on answered.  Method: We applied a quantitative method with the data collected from companies on Nasdaq Stockholm. A content analysis were performed by using indexes of keywords and coding. We carried out a correlation analysis between the independent variables in order to facilitate a multiple regression analysis of the disclosure level due to size or industry in 2021 as well as 2019. The study has been limited to listed Swedish companies that have had their annual reports for 2019 and 2021 available in English. Results and conclusions: We found that the disclosure level of intellectual capital increased from 2019 to 2021. Although it cannot be determined that the increase is entirely or partly due to the covid-19-pandemic. The study shows a statistically reliable relationship between the size of the companies and their disclosure level of intellectual capital. However, a statistically reliable relationship could not be found between the companies disclosure level and theindustries they operate in. Contribution of the thesis: We believe that the results of the study could help companies gain an increased knowledge of the subject of intellectual capital and, in addition, how the disclosing level could act as an advantage for companies, especially during a financial crisis. Suggestions for future research: Based on the result of this study, we see an opportunity for future studies to conduct a qualitative study where the companies themselves can explain the reason behind the increased disclosure level of intellectual capital. Another suggestion may be to examine whether there is a relationship between declining profitability and a higher level of intellectual capital disclosure.

Denna uppsats syfte till att undersöka hur informationsutgivning om valberedningen inom svensk bolagsstyrning påverkas av att bolaget är internationellt verksamt, bolagets storlek, spridd aktieägarstruktur samt styrelsens storlek. Trots att valberedningen spelar en central roll inom svensk bolagsstyrning är det ett ämne som är outforskat. Därav är det av intresse att undersöka vilken frivillig information om valberedningen finns tillgänglig i årsredovisningen, samt vilka centrala faktorer styr informationsutgivningen i årsredovisningen. Studiens teoretiska ramverk behandlar agentteorin, signalteorin och legitimitetsteorin. Studien genomfördes med en kvantitativ metod med ett urval på 279 bolag. Studiens resultat visade inga signifikanta samband mellan frivillig informationsutgivning om valberedningen och bolaget är internationellt verksamt, bolagets omsättning, spridd aktieägarstruktur samt styrelsens storlek. Gällande resultatet av kriterierna i kod 4.1 omnämndes kriteriet erfarenhet flest gånger, följt av kompetens, jämn könsfördelning och bakgrund. En slutsats av resultatet, är att erfarenhet är det kriteriet som omnämns mest eftersom det är en viktig faktor för att bolaget ska kunna styras i en gynnsam riktning och det är det kriteriet som bolaget vill främst förmedla till aktieägarna att de tar hänsyn till. En övergripande slutsatsen som kan dras är att information om valberedningen i årsredovisningen inte efterfrågas av aktieägarna eftersom de kan få tillgång till informationen på andra kommunikationskanaler. / This study aims to examine how the release of information about the nomination committee within Swedish corporate governance is affected by the fact that the company is international, the company's size, dispersed shareholder structure and the board size. Even though the nomination committee has a great importance in Swedish corporate governance, the topic is unreached. Because of this, it is of interest to examine what voluntary information about the nomination committee is available in the annual report, as well as what central factors govern the release of information in the annual report. This study is based on agency theory, signaling theory and legitimacy theory. The study is conducted with astatistical analysis on a sample of 279 companies. The results of this study showed no significant relationships between voluntary disclosure of information about the nomination committee and the companies that are international, the company's size, dispersed shareholder structure and the board size. Regarding the result of the criteria in code 4.1, the criterion experience was mentioned the most times, followed by competence, equal gender distribution and background. As a conclusion of the result, experience is the criterion that is mentioned the most because it is an important factor for the company to be steered in a favorable direction. It is also the criterion that the company primarily wants to communicate to the shareholders that they consider. An overall conclusion is that information about the nomination committee in the annual report is not requested by the shareholders because they can get access to that information on other communication channels.

South Africa has already implemented three tax–amnesty programmes: the Second Small Business Tax Amnesty 10 of 2006, the Exchange Control Amnesty Act 12 of 2003 and the Tax Amnesty Act 19 of 1995. In the 2010 budget announcement the Minister of Finance, Mr. Pravin Gordan, announced that there will be another chance for taxpayers to get their tax affairs in order with the Voluntary Disclosure Programme. The main goal of this study is to determine whether the Voluntary Disclosure Programme will prove to be effective or not. The research method utilised is based on an advanced literature study. The secondary goals are as follows: * to obtain a thorough knowledge regarding the three previous tax–amnesties that was implemented in South Africa. A prediction as to the success of the Voluntary Disclosure Programme can be made when using the total number of applications received and the amount of revenue that was received by the previous amnesties, as a measure of success; * to obtain a thorough knowledge of other countries' amnesty–programs, including the following: Australia, Ireland, Canada and the United Kingdom. Their experience and successes regarding their amnesty–programs will be used to predict the success of the Voluntary Disclosure Programme; an * to determine whether the Voluntary Disclosure Programme can be declared as fair. This study indicated that the Voluntary Disclosure Programme may not be effective and that it may have a negative impact on the tax compliance of taxpayers. A recommendation from this study is that the government should win the trust of taxpayers, which will lead to an automatic improvement in tax compliance. This study indicated that the tax amnesty programs should not be used as a mechanism to enhance tax compliance. An issue that needs further exploration is the impact that the Voluntary Disclosure Programme will have in the long–term on tax compliance in South Africa. / Thesis (M.Com. (Tax))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

South Africa has already implemented three tax–amnesty programmes: the Second Small Business Tax Amnesty 10 of 2006, the Exchange Control Amnesty Act 12 of 2003 and the Tax Amnesty Act 19 of 1995. In the 2010 budget announcement the Minister of Finance, Mr. Pravin Gordan, announced that there will be another chance for taxpayers to get their tax affairs in order with the Voluntary Disclosure Programme. The main goal of this study is to determine whether the Voluntary Disclosure Programme will prove to be effective or not. The research method utilised is based on an advanced literature study. The secondary goals are as follows: * to obtain a thorough knowledge regarding the three previous tax–amnesties that was implemented in South Africa. A prediction as to the success of the Voluntary Disclosure Programme can be made when using the total number of applications received and the amount of revenue that was received by the previous amnesties, as a measure of success; * to obtain a thorough knowledge of other countries' amnesty–programs, including the following: Australia, Ireland, Canada and the United Kingdom. Their experience and successes regarding their amnesty–programs will be used to predict the success of the Voluntary Disclosure Programme; an * to determine whether the Voluntary Disclosure Programme can be declared as fair. This study indicated that the Voluntary Disclosure Programme may not be effective and that it may have a negative impact on the tax compliance of taxpayers. A recommendation from this study is that the government should win the trust of taxpayers, which will lead to an automatic improvement in tax compliance. This study indicated that the tax amnesty programs should not be used as a mechanism to enhance tax compliance. An issue that needs further exploration is the impact that the Voluntary Disclosure Programme will have in the long–term on tax compliance in South Africa. / Thesis (M.Com. (Tax))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Abstracts in English, Afrikaans and Southern Sotho / The purpose of this study was to develop a best practice corporate community involvement disclosures (CCID) framework for JSE-listed organisations in South Africa. An analysis of the literature underscored the need for quality CCID and revealed the paucity of research on this topic. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach employing three research stages. Firstly, an initial CCID framework was constructed on the basis of a content and document analysis of top-performing JSE-listed organisations. Secondly, 30 CCI experts refined and validated the CCID framework through semi-structured interviews. The developed CCID framework comprised 36 specific disclosure items in nine general disclosure categories. Thirdly, the CCID framework was applied to 116 corporate reports, including the integrated reports, sustainability reports and corporate webpages of 20 JSE-listed companies for the years 2015 to 2017. The findings indicated that the sample of JSE-listed organisations disclose some aspects of CCI in their corporate reports. However, there is no consistent reporting framework, and a number of CCID items were under-disclosed according to the CCI expert “best practice” to meet stakeholder expectations. In both the integrated and sustainability reports, general category 2, CCI strategy, and general category 4, CCI projects, were the best-performing categories. General category 8, Evidence of CCI, was one of the best-performing categories disclosed in the sustainability reports and on the corporate webpages. General category 5, Relevant regulatory measures, general category 6, CCI benefits/business value creation, and general category 7, Assurance of CCI reporting, contained no or limited CCID. The development of the CCID framework resonated with stakeholder theory, while the findings on the application of the CCID framework supported the theoretical perspectives of legitimacy theory. In addition to the identified legitimising drivers, the findings suggested that local tensions and expectations are impacting on CCID in South Africa. The findings of this study provide useful insights into CCID practices, guidelines and the quality of CCID. It is unique because it is the first of its kind to develop and apply a CCID framework in South Africa. The findings have a number of implications for stakeholders, corporate managers, regulators and policymakers in South Africa and internationally. / Die doel van hierdie studie was om ’n raamwerk van beste praktykte te ontwikkel vir korporatiewe gemeenskapsbetrokkenheid-openbaarmakings (KGBO) vir JSE-genoteerde organisasies in Suid-Afrika. ʼn Ontleding van die literatuur het die behoefte aan gehalte-KGBO beklemtoon en die gebrek aan navorsing oor hierdie onderwerp aan die lig gebring. Die studie het ’n gemengdemetode-benadering gevolg wat drie navorsingstadiums gebruik het. Eerstens is ʼn aanvanklike KGBO-raamwerk op die grondslag van ’n inhoud-en-dokument-ontleding van bes presterende JSE-genoteerde organisasies saamgestel. Tweedens het 30 KGB-kundiges die KGBO-raamwerk deur middel van halfgestruktureerde onderhoude verfyn en geldig verklaar. Die ontwikkelde KGBO-raamwerk het 36 spesifieke openbaarmaking-items in nege algemene openbaarmakingkategorieë bevat. Derdens is die KGBO-raamwerk toegepas op 116 korporatiewe verslae, insluitend die geïntegreerde verslae, volhoubaarheidsverslae en korporatiewe webbladsye van 20 JSE-genoteerde maatskappye vir die jare 2015 tot 2017. Die bevindings het aangetoon dat die monster van JSE-genoteerde organisasies enkele aspekte van KGBO in hul korporatiewe verslae openbaar het. Daar is egter nie ’n konsekwente verslagdoeningsraamwerk nie, en volgens die KGB-bestepraktykkundige is ’n aantal KGBO-items onderverklaar om aan belanghebbers se verwagtinge te voldoen. In sowel die geïntegreerde as volhoubaarheidsverslae was die algemene kategorie 2, KGB-strategie, en algemene kategorie 4, KGB-projekte, die bes presterende kategorieë. Algemene kategorie 8, Bewys van KGB, was een van die bes presterende kategorieë wat in die volhoubaarheidsverslae en op die korporatiewe webbladsye openbaar gemaak is. Algemene kategorie 5, Relevante regulatiewe maatreëls, algemene kategorie 6, KGB-voordele/besigheidswaarde-skepping, en algemene kategorie 7, Gerusstelling van KGB-verslagdoening, het geen of beperkte KGBO bevat. Die ontwikkeling van die KGBO-raamwerk het by die belanghebberteorie aanklank gevind, terwyl die bevindings van die toepassing van die KGBO-raamwerk die teoretiese perspektiewe van die egtheidsteorie gesteun het. Benewens die geïdentifiseerde egtheidsaandrywers het die bevindings daarop gesinspeel dat plaaslike spanning en verwagtinge ’n uitwerking op KGBO in Suid-Afrika het. Die bevindings van hierdie studie verskaf nuttige insigte in KGBO-praktyke, -riglyne en die gehalte van KGBO. Dit is uniek omdat dit die eerste keer is dat ’n KGBO-raamwerk in Suid-Afrika ontwikkel en toegepas word. Die bevindings het ’n aantal implikasies vir belanghebbendes, korporatiewe bestuurders, reguleerders en beleidmakers in Suid-Afrika en internasionaal. / Morero wa thutelo ye e be e le go tšweletša tlhako ya maitokiši a kaonekaone a dikutollo tša seabe sa dikgwebo setšhabeng (CCID) ya mekgatlo ye e lego lenaneong la JSE ka Afrika Borwa. Tshekatsheko ya dingwalo e gatelela tlhokego ya CCID ye e nago le mohola gape e utollotše nyakišišo ye e sa lekanago ka ga hlogotaba ye. Thutelo e tšere mokgwatebelelo wa mekgwa ye e tswakantšwego ka go diriša magato a mararo a dinyakišišo. Sa mathomo, tlhako ya mathomo ya CCID e hlamilwe go ya ka tshekatsheko ya diteng le tokomane tša mekgatlo ye e lego lenaneong la JSE yeo e šomago gabotse. Sa bobedi, ditsebi tša CCI tše 30 di kaonafaditše le go laetša boleng bja tlhako ya CCID ka mokgwa wa dipotšišo tšeo di sa latelego lenaneo leo le itšeng. Tlhako ya CCID ye e tšweleditšwego pele e dirilwe ke dintlha tša kutollo tše itšeng tše 36 magorong a kakaretšo a kutollo a senyane. Sa boraro, tlhako ya CCID e phethagaditšwe go dipego tša kgwebo tše 116, go akaretšwa dipego tše di kopantšwego, dipego tšeo di fago tshedimošo ka ga boemo bja tšwelelo ya kgwebo le matlakala a wepo a dikhamphani tše 20 tšeo di lego lenaneong la JSE mengwageng ya 2015 go fihla 2017 Dikhwetšo di šupile gore sampolo ya mekgatlo yeo e lego lenaneong la JSE e utollotše dintlha tše dingwe tša CCI dipegong tša tšona tša kgwebo. Le ge go le bjalo, ga go tlhako ya go bega ye e sa fetogego, gomme dintlha tše mmalwa tša CCID di utollotšwe ka mo go sa lekanago go ya ka “maitokišo a makaonekaone” a ditsebi tša CCI go kgotsofatša ditetelo tša bakgahlegi. Ka go dipego tše kopantšwego le tšeo di fago tshedimošo ka ga maemo a tšwelelo ya kgwebo, legoro la 2 la kakaretšo, le legoro la 4 la kakaretšo, diprotšeke tša CCI, di bile magoro ao a šomilego gabotse. Legoro la 8 la kakaretšo, Evidence of CCI, e bile ye nngwe ya magoro ao a šomilego gabotse ao a utollotšwego ka go dipego tšeo di fago tshedimošo ka ga boemo bja tšwelelo ya kgwebo le go matlakala a wepo a kgwebo. Legoro la 5 la kakaretšo 5, Relevant regulatory measures, legoro la 6 la kakaretšo 6, CCI benefits/business value creation, le legoro la 7 la kakaretšo, Assurance of CCI reporting, di be di se na le goba le CCID ya bogolo bjo beetšwego mellwane. Tšwetšopele ya tlhako ya CCID e kwana le mekgwaboitshwaro bolaoding bja kgwebo, mola dikhwetšo go tirišo ya tlhako ya CCID e thekga tebelelo ya ditlhalošo tša diteori tša go dira go ya ka mekgwa ya boitshwaro ya setšhabeng. Go tlaleletša go ditlhohleletši tše di šupilwego tša go amogelwa ka semolao, dikhwetšo di šišintše gore dithulano le ditetelo tša selegae di na le khuetšo go CCID ka Afrika Borwa. Dikhwetšo tša thutelo ye di fa ditshedimošo tše di ka thušago tša ditlwaetšo tša CCID, mekgwatlhahli le mohola wa CCID. Ke ya moswananoši ka gobane ke ya mathomo ya mohuta wa yona go tšweletša le go diriša tlhako ya CCID ka Afrika Borwa. Dikhwetšo di na le ditlamorago tše mmalwa go batho bao ba nago le dikgahlego, balaodi ba dikgwebo, basepetši go ya ka molao le badiramelaotshepetšo ka Afrika Borwa le kemong ya boditšhabatšhaba. / Management Accounting / D. Phil. (Accounting Sciences)