Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 1981. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 368-376).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 1981. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 368-376).

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2007. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 102 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-94).

Photoproduction has been used at colliders for decades in order to study hadronic properties of matter. The energy and luminosity of recent and future colliders allow probing also the electroweak sector through photon-photon and photon-proton interactions. At the HERA electron-proton collider, studies of the W boson production provide a stringent test of the Standard Model. At the LHC, photoproduction has to be separated from the overwhelming background of partonic interactions. A powerful ‘tagging’ technique can be introduced by adding special detectors placed far from the interaction point to detect forward scattered protons, usually present in photon-mediated processes. The HECTOR software package was written in order to provide accurate simulation of forward protons trajectories in the LHC beam-lines. These tools have been used in order to study the photoproduction of top quarks via flavor-changing neutral currents. This process is practically absent in the Standard Model, while it appears in some of its extensions. Detection of such a process would thus be an evidence for the existence of physics beyond the Standard Model.

No description available.

γ-Al2O3 supported Co-W based catalysts with varying Co (1 - 3 wt %) and W (7 - 13 wt %) loadings were prepared using impregnation and sonochemical methods. All prepared catalysts were characterized with elemental analysis, BET analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), NH3 temperature programmed desorption (TPD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). <p>The performances of all the synthesized catalysts were tested at a pressure of 8.9 MPa, LHSV of 2 h-1 and temperatures of 340, 350 and 360 °C in a laboratory trickle bed microreactor for hydrodesulphurization (HDS) and hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) of light gas oil (LGO) derived from Athabasca bitumen. The performance tests with impregnated catalysts indicated a maximum in activity for HDS and HDN reactions (sulfur and nitrogen conversions at 93.0 and 57.1 % at 360 °C) for Co(3 wt %)-W(10 wt %)/γ-Al2O3 whereas the performance tests with sonochemically prepared catalysts showed a maximum in activity (sulfur and nitrogen conversions at 87.9 and 42.5 % at 360 °C) for Co(3 wt %)-W(11.5 wt %)/ γ-Al2O3. These two catalysts were selected for detail performance, optimization and kinetic studies. The effects of reaction temperature (340 - 380 °C), pressure (7.6 - 10.3 MPa), liquid hourly space velocity (1.5 - 2.0 h-1) and hydrogen gas/gas oil ratio (400 - 800 mL/mL) were examined on HDS and HDN of LGO with these catalysts. The reaction kinetics for HDS was best fitted with a Power Law model whereas same for HDN was found to be best represented by a Langmuir-Hinshelwood model with a reasonable accuracy (0.90 <R2 <0.95). The activation energy for HDS of LGO were 14 and 12 kJ/mol for selected impregnated and sonochemically prepared catalysts whereas the same for HDN were 9 and 14 kJ/mol for these catalysts, respectively. Calculation showed that the fitted HDS rate expressions were apparent and HDN rate expressions were intrinsic under existing reaction conditions. It also showed that the pore diffusion resistances for both HDS and HDN increased with an increase in reaction temperature from 340 to 380 °C.

This is a rhetorical study of President George W. Bush’s use of the - ideographic dialectic in his appeals for support for war in Afghanistan and Iraq, as well as reelection in 2004. I argue that President Bush’s use of the - dialectic in each case provided him with specific rhetorical resources that enhanced his ability to seek support from the four discourse communities that constitute the foreign policy public: unilateralists, multilateralists, regionalists and coalition builders. The terministic flexibility of the ideographic dialectic worked well enough to encourage meanings in each foreign policy discourse community that were consonant with that group’s worldview. This allowed Bush to appeal to the disparate groups and appear as though he advocated their desired policies, when in fact, he did not promote any specific policy. This project contributes to the theoretical understanding of the ideograph by complicating the concept of the public. Further, it adds credence to claims that the War on Terror is a never-ending war.

A typical E-commerce system that is deployed on the Internet has multiple layers that include Web users, Web servers, application servers, and a database server. As the system use and user request frequency increase, Web/application servers can be scaled up by replication. A load balancing proxy can be used to route user requests to individual machines that perform the same functionality. <br><br>To address the increasing workload while avoiding replicating the database server, various dynamic caching policies have been proposed to reduce the database workload in E-commerce systems. However, the nature of the changes seen by the database server as a result of dynamic caching remains unknown. A good understanding of this change is fundamental for tuning a database server to get better performance. <br><br> In this study, the TPC-W (a transactional Web E-commerce benchmark) workloads on a database server are characterized under two different dynamic caching mechanisms, which are generalized and implemented as query-result cache and table cache. The characterization focuses on response time, CPU computation, buffer pool references, disk I/O references, and workload classification. <br><br>This thesis combines a variety of analysis techniques: simulation, real time measurement and data mining. The experimental results in this thesis reveal some interesting effects that the dynamic caching has on the database server workload characteristics. The main observations include: (a) dynamic cache can considerably reduce the CPU usage of the database server and the number of database page references when it is heavily loaded; (b) dynamic cache can also reduce the database reference locality, but to a smaller degree than that reported in file servers. The data classification results in this thesis show that with dynamic cache, the database server sees TPC-W profiles more like on-line transaction processing workloads.

Theodor Wiesengrund Adorno, un dels principals filòsofs del segle XX, va desenvolupar una filosofia moral que mai no va arribar a exposar de manera sistemàtica en cap obra explícitament dedicada a ella, sinó només de forma fragmentària en diversos llibres sobre altres matèries. Aquesta tesi és un intent de reconstruir dita teoria moral.Aquesta tesi defensa que el cor de la teoria ètica adorniana és la formulació del Nou Imperatiu Categòric, proposat en el seu llibre Dialèctica Negativa, i que és una crítica i una resposta a l'Imperatiu Categòric formulat per Kant. La tesi explora quins canvis de categories morals permeten passar del vell imperatiu al nou, i analitza en detall les noves categories morals adornianes. Construït així el centre de la seva teoria, aquest treball va aprofundint en un ordre sistemàtic en tots els problemes abordats per l'autor, recollint tant les seves crítiques a altres pensadors com les influències que va rebre. També estudia de quina manera l'experiència del nazisme, la segona guerra mundial, i l'exili que va patir als EUA van marcar una filosofia que es pot llegir com una resposta a les catàstrofes del segle XX.Finalment, per la manera tan innovadora com aquesta filosofia incorpora en l'ètica els problemes del pas del temps i de la relació amb el passat, tant dels individus com de la societat o la cultura, i per la seva resposta a les filosofies de la història, aquesta tesi conclou que la filosofia ètica de T.W. Adorno es pot llegir en realitat com una filosofia de la memòria. / Theodor Wiesengrund Adorno, one of the main philosophers of the twentieth century, developed a very interesting moral philosophy, but he never explained it in a systematic way in any specific book on this subject. He only exposed it in a fragmentary form in several books on another matters. This dissertation aims to reconstruct his moral theory as a whole.This dissertation defends that the heart of the moral theory by T. W. Adorno is the formulation of the New Categorical Imperative, which is proposed in his book "Negative Dialectics", and which is a criticism and a response to the Categorical Imperative by Kant. First, it investigates which change of moral categories has to replace the old imperative by the new one, and second, it analyses in detail the new moral categories of T. W. Adorno. After building the center of the theory, this work studies in depth and systematically all the moral problems examined by this author, and examines his criticism to other philosophers and the influences which he received. This work also examines how the experience of nazism, the Second World War and the exile in USA determined his philosophy, which can be read as an answer to the catastrophe of the twentieth century. Finally, because of the innovative form in which this philosophy deals with the problem of time and the relationship that people and also the societies and cultures have to the past, and because of his answer to the philosophy of history, this dissertation concludes that the moral philosophy of T. W. Adorno can be read as a philosophy of memory.

En la present tesi doctoral es presenta una aportació als estudis relacionats amb la construcció i reivindicació de la memòria i dels processos de representació implicats en l'escriptura de la història i en particular en la història dels vençuts. L'actual treball de recerca exposa i estudia, en un primer moment, la concepció d'història presentada per Benjamin. Aquesta se centra en particular en la seva última obra, les "Tesis de filosofia de la història", però així mateix ofereix les respostes que el filòsof alemany presenta al llarg de tot el seu recorregut intel·lectual fins arribar a les seves últimes formulacions, que s'han d'entendre com una resposta de caràcter ètic i profundament polític. La tesi, doncs, pren com a punt de partida metodològic i conceptual les aportacions realitzades per Walter Benjamin al debat contemporani al voltant de la filosofia de la història. La seva interpretació de la història com discontinuïtat i redempció serveix per oferir una suggerent forma de narrar i recuperar de l'oblit la veu dels vençuts que trenca amb la historiografia clàssica, basada en una interpretació lineal i causal dels esdeveniments històrics. Conceptes com "instant", "temps-ara", "discontinuïtat", "rememoració" estan al servei d'una construcció de la història que posa l'accent en les llacunes i en els intersticis de tota narració històrica amb pretensió de totalitat. Aquesta estratègia permet rescatar el valor del testimoni i trencar així amb l'homogeneïtat de la cronologia clàssica. Al llarg d'aquest estudi, es presenta com s'articula aquesta nova concepció de la història, a partir de la idea central de rememoració, que pretén presentar un relat històric que, tal i com proposa Benjamin, se centri no ja en l'èpica de la història dels vencedors sinó en la tradició dels vençuts. Davant del relat acumulatiu i autocomplaent de l’historicisme, davant de la falsa totalitat, il·lusió mítica de l’ historicisme, per anar més enllà del relat dels vencedors s'imposa la necessitat d'una altra escriptura de la història, d'una altra història. En aquest sentit, resulta d'especial importància la figura del testimoni, ja que aquesta carrega contra la invisibilitat a la qual es pretén confinar els vençuts, ja que s'entén que el veritable testimoni és aquell que no ha pogut testimoniar. Així s'ha d'entendre l'imperatiu de la representació que s'exposa -doncs en el centre de la representació sempre batega l'absència-, com aquell gest ètic que posa en joc en la llacuna constitutiva del veritable relat històric i que es presenta en la figura del testimoni , així com en l'obra d'art entesa com a espai del testimoni i com a testimoni. En un segon moment, s'estudia com es trasllada a la representació del passat tal concepció i com aquesta intervé en el paisatge del sensible a través de l'obra d'art, en concret en la narrativa de l'escriptor W. G. Sebald. L'escriptor alemany, doncs, es pren com a exemple de l'escriptura de la història com rememoració reivindicada per Benjamin i il·lustra perfectament el marc teòric que presenta el filòsof. / En la presente tesis doctoral se presenta una aportación a los estudios relacionados con la construcción y reivindicación de la memoria colectiva y de los procesos de representación implicados en la escritura de la historia y en particular en la historia de los vencidos. El actual trabajo de investigación expone y estudia, en un primer momento, la concepción de historia presentada por Benjamin. Esta se centra en particular en su última obra, las "Tesis de filosofía de la historia", pero asimismo ofrece las respuestas que el filósofo alemán presenta a lo largo de todo su recorrido intelectual hasta llegar a sus últimas formulaciones, que deben entenderse como una respuesta de carácter ético y profundamente político. La tesis, pues, toma como punto de partida metodológico y conceptual las aportaciones realizadas por Walter Benjamin al debate contemporáneo en torno a la filosofía de la historia. Su interpretación de la historia como discontinuidad y redención sirve para ofrecer una sugerente forma de narrar y recuperar del olvido la voz de los vencidos que rompe con la historiografía clásica, basada en una interpretación lineal y causal de los acontecimientos historicos. Conceptos como “instante”, “tiempo-ahora”, “discontinuidad”, “rememoración” están al servicio de una construcción de la historia que pone el acento en las lagunas y en los intersticios de toda narración histórica con pretensión de totalidad. Esta estrategia permite rescatar el valor del testimonio y romper así con la homogeneidad de la cronología clásica. A lo largo de este estudio, se presenta cómo se articula esta nueva concepción de la historia, a partir de la idea central de rememoración, que pretende presentar un relato histórico que, tal y como propone Benjamin, se centre no ya en la épica de la historia de los vencedores sino en la tradición de los vencidos. Frente al relato acumulativo y autocomplaciente del historicismo, frente a la falsa totalidad, ilusión mítica del historicismo, para ir más allá del relato de los vencedores se impone la necesidad de otra escritura de la historia, de otra historia. En este sentido, resulta de especial importancia la figura del testimonio, pues esta arremete contra la invisibilidad a la que se pretende confinar a los vencidos, pues se entiende que el verdadero testimonio es aquel que no ha podido testimoniar. Así debe entenderse el imperativo de la representación que se expone —pues en el centro de la representación siempre late la ausencia—, como aquel gesto ético que pone en juego en la laguna constitutiva del verdadero relato histórico y que se presenta en la figura del testimonio, así como en la obra de arte entendida como espacio del testimonio y como testimonio. En un segundo momento, se estudia cómo se traslada a la representación del pasado tal concepción y como ésta interviene en el paisaje de lo sensible a través de la obra de arte, en concreto en la narrativa del escritor W. G. Sebald. El escritor alemán, pues, se toma como ejemplo de la escritura de la historia como rememoración reivindicada por Benjamin e ilustra perfectamente el marco teórico que presenta el filósofo. / This thesis presents a contribution to the studies related to the construction and assertion of collective memory and representation of processes involved in the writing of history and in particular in the history of the vanquished. The current research presents and examines, at first, the conception of history presented by Benjamin. This focuses in particular on his latest work, "Theses on the Philosophy of History", but also provides the answers that the German philosopher presents throughout his intellectual journey to reach its final formulation, to be understood as an ethical and deeply political answer. The thesis, then, takes as its starting point the methodological and conceptual contributions made by Walter Benjamin to the contemporary debate about the philosophy of history. His interpretation of history as a discontinuity and redemption is to offer a suggestive way of narrating and retrieve from oblivion the voice of the vanquished that breaks with classical historiography, based on a linear and causal interpretation of historical events. Concepts such as "instant", "now-time", "discontinuity", "remembrance" work in the service of a construction of history that emphasizes the gaps and interstices of any historical narrative with a claim to totality. This strategy allows to recover the value of the testimony and break the homogeneity of the classical chronology. Throughout this study, it is reported how this new conception of history is articulated, from the central idea of remembrance, which aims to present a historical account that, as Benjamin suggests, should focus not only on epic the history of the victors but the tradition of the vanquished. Faced with the cumulative and self-serving account of historicism, against the false totality, mythical illusion of historicism, to go beyond the story of the victors there is a need of another writing of history, another story. In this sense, it is particularly important the figure of the testimony, as this attacks the invisibility to which is to confine the vanquished, since it is understood that the true witness is one who could not testify. So we should understand the imperative of representation, as set out in the center of representation always beats the absence, as a gesture of ethics that comes into play in the lake that constitutes the true historical account and presented in the figure of the witness as well as the work of art understood as a place of witness and testimony. In a second step, we study how such a conception of the past is transferred to the representation and how it intervenes in the landscape of the senses through the art work, specifically in the narrative of writer W. G. Sebald. The German writer, then, is taken as an example of writing history as remembrance as claimed by Benjamin and perfectly illustrates the theoretical framework presented by the philosopher.