This is a revised version of Lambert Zuidervaart's inaugural address presented on November 21, 2003, on the occasion of the author's taking up the position as professor at the Institute.

Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciado en Filosofía. / Con el fin de hacerse del punto de vista del pensamiento de Hegel se intenta determinar el contenido lógico del concepto como Dios, atendiendo a su doctrina de la lógica y de la religión. Tal objetivo conduce a centrarse en los elementos fundamentales del pensamiento hegeliano, haciéndose abstracción de la plenitud del contenido, y a trazar una exposición libre y sintética de aquel contenido, pero, a la vez, ceñidamente apegada a la palabra del autor. En una primera parte se aportan los elementos básicos del contenido lógico de Dios, marcándose los contrapuntos con la lógica del sentido común y de la metafísica moderna que inevitablemente opera como trasfondo: la posibilidad de la cognoscibilidad de Dios, su existencia referida a la experiencia religiosa, el carácter ontológico de la lógica y del concepto hegeliano, la automediación y la autobjetivación como principales caracteres divinos. Así también en esta primera parte se comparan a grandes rasgos los desarrollos del contenido lógico divino en la doctrina de la lógica y en la doctrina de la religión, estableciéndose la mayor pertinencia de este último para alcanzar el objetivo general propuesto, sobre todo porque se postula que en tal desarrollo se da un enriquecimiento lógico de lo lógico, esto es, se da una relación lógica en el ámbito de lo religioso que no es reducible a alguna figura presente en la doctrina de la lógica. En la segunda parte se expone, pues, propiamente este momento lógico del concepto como Dios desde la doctrina hegeliana de la religión. Establecer tal momento es recorrer la historia lógica divina, es recorrer los conceptos en que Dios se fue determinando en el devenir religioso. A lo largo de este devenir divino se coloca énfasis en explicitar la ampliación lógica postulada y la problemática en la que está inserta. Finalmente, tras haberse expuesto la historia divina, se vuelve sobre aquella problemática. Se establece que la figura lógica que emerge en lo religioso es la figura del poner un otro, la figura de un Dios que pone a la historia humana para sí. En torno a esta figura lógica se halla el problema del comienzo: de la exposición de la necesidad de que el contenido de la experiencia religiosa sea nombrado como Dios. Es el problema de la existencia de Dios en la singular versión hegeliana. Es la tensión entre defender la existencia de Dios o la libertad de la comunidad humana lo que se juega en ello. La solución hegeliana, que se vierte en la figura del poner un otro, parece que inevitablemente lleva consigo la enajenación de la libertad para la historia humana. Sin embargo, volverse al pensamiento hegeliano debiera constituir una urgencia para nuestro mundo de la dominación globalizada. Hoy cuando la realidad toda parece una matriz devenida cristal, una matriz que ya no puede dejar de ser, debiéramos levantar nuestras voces y decir: porque nada tiene que haber, libertad podemos ser.

The critical power (CP) model includes two constants: the CP and the W′ [P = W′ / t) + CP]. The W′ is the finite work capacity available above CP. Power output above CP results in depletion of the W′; complete depletion of the W′ results in exhaustion. It is possible to model the charge and discharge of the W′ during intermittent exercise using a novel integrating model (the W′BAL model), and to generate a function describing a curvilinear relationship between time constants of reconstitution of the W′ in terms of the difference between recovery power and CP (DCP) (r2 = 0.77). The depletion of the W′ as predicted by the W′BAL model during intermittent exercise is linearly related to the rise in V ̇O_2 above exercise baseline (r2 = 0.82 – 0.96). During intermittent exercise, the W′BAL model is generally robust with respect to the length of work and recovery interval, yielding a mean under-prediction of the W′BAL of only -1.6 ±1.1 kJ. The amount of W′ remaining after a period of intermittent exercise correlates with the difference between the subject’s V ̇O_2 at that time (V ̇O_2START) and V ̇O_2PEAK (DVO2) (r = 0.79, p < 0.01). Moreover, the W′BAL model also performs well in the field, permitting accurate estimation of the point at which an athlete becomes exhausted during hard training or competition (mean W′BAL at exhaustion = 0.5 ± 1.3 kJ (95% CI = 0 – 0.9 kJ). The W′BAL model meets the mathematical criteria of an excellent diagnostic test for exhaustion (area under ROC curve = 0.91). 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy during single leg extensor exercise revealed a correlation between the recovery of the W′BAL model and recovery of creatine phosphate ([PCr]) after a bout of exhaustive single leg extensor exercise (r = 0.99, p < 0.01). The W′BAL model also accurately predicted recovery of the W′ in this setting (r = 0.97, p < 0.05). However, a complete understanding of the relationship between the depletion and recovery of [PCr] and the depletion and recovery of the W′ remains elusive. Muscle carnosine content is curvilinearly related to the rate of W′BAL recovery, with higher muscle carnosine associated with faster recovery, with implications for muscle buffering capacity and calcium handling. The W′BAL model may be recast in the form of a differential equation, permitting definition of the time constant of recovery of the W′BAL in terms of the subject’s known W′ and the DCP. This permits the scaling of the model to different muscle groups or exercise modalities. Moreover, modifications to this mathematical form may help explain some of the variability noted in the model in earlier studies, suggesting novel avenues of research. However, the present formulation of the W′BAL model is mathematically robust and represents an important addition to the scientific armamentarium, which may aid the understanding the physiology of human performance.

This thesis presents measurements of charged current deep inelastic scattering cross sections in e+p collisions with longitudinally polarised positron beams. The measurements are based on data taken by the ZEUS detector at the HERA collider during the 2006-2007 run- ning period. The data sample has an integrated luminosity of 132 pb-1 and was taken at a centre-of-mass energy of 318 GeY. The total cross section has been measured at positive and negative values of the longitu- dinal polarisation of the positron beam (Pe). In addition, the single differential cross sections dδ / dQ2, dδ / dx and dδ / dy have been measured for Q2 > 200 Ge y2, also using both positively and negatively polarised positron beams. The reduced cross section has been measured in nine bins of Q2 in the kinematic range 280 < Q2 < 30000 Gey2 and 0.0078 < x < 0.42. The results are compared against the descriptions provided by the CTEQ6.6, MSTW 2008, HEARPDF1.0 and ZEUS-JETS PDFs. In general, the measured cross sections are well described by these predictions. Based on the measurement of the total cross section as a function of the polarisation of the positron beam, a lower limit on the mass of a hypothetical right-handed W boson has been extracted from the upper limit of the cross-section at Pe = -1. This limit is complementary to the limits obtained from direct searches (for example at CDF and D0) because the limit presented herein is for a space-like vV, whereas for direct searches, the limit on the mass of a time-like W boson is obtained. The results of this analysis have been published and have been included ill the determination of the HERAPDF theoretical prediction and also in HI and ZEUS combined results.

吳國志. / 稿本(據電腦打印本複印) / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學, 1989. / Gao ben (ju dian nao da yin ben fu yin) / Includes bibliographical references: leaves 80-83. / Wu Guozhi. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1989. / 簡語表 --- p.i / 導論 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一章 --- 剌激意義 --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1 --- 對心靈語意學的批判 / Chapter 1.2 --- 如何建構剌激意義 / Chapter 1.3 --- 對景語句和持存語句 / Chapter 1.4 --- 行為主義的語意觀 / Chapter 第二章 --- 翻譯不確定論旨 --- p.17 / Chapter 2.1 --- 同義與翻譯 / Chapter 2.2 --- 始基翻譯與分析假設 / Chapter 2.3 --- 翻譯不確定論旨與物理理論的不足決定性 / Chapter 2.4 --- 對心靈實體進一步的揚棄 / Chapter 第三章 --- 整體主義與語意理論 --- p.29 / Chapter 3.1 --- 溫和的整體主義 / Chapter 3.2 --- 整體主義與翻譯不確定論旨 / Chapter 3.3 --- 方法論上的一元論 / Chapter 3.4 --- 整體主義與自然主義 / Chapter 第四章 --- 論何物存在 --- p.42 / Chapter 4.1 --- 語言與本體論 / Chapter 4.2 --- 本體論的許諾 / Chapter 4.3 --- 物理主義的概念架構 / Chapter 4.4 --- 卡納普和奎因對抽象實體看法之異同 / Chapter 第五章 --- 本體論的相對性 --- p.55 / Chapter 5.1 --- 指涉的不透視性 / Chapter 5.2 --- 本體論相對性論旨 / 結論 --- p.67 / 注釋 --- p.69 / 參考書目 --- p.80 / 論文撮要

This thesis presents the measurement of the production cross section of a W boson with a single charm quark in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The data analysed correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb 1 and were collected during 2011. This is the first time that ATLAS data has been used for this particular measurement. This cross section is of particular interest as a probe of the strange quark density of the proton. Typically, the strange quark density is considered to be suppressed relative to that of the other light-quarks in the proton sea. However, some analyses suggest a more symmetric composition of light-quarks in the proton sea. The results of this study aim to improve the precision of the determination of the strange quark density. The analysis uses events where the W boson decays to a muon and a neutrino. In such events, the charm quark is identified by its semileptonic decay to a soft muon within a hadronic jet. The charge correlation between the W boson and the soft muon is exploited to reduce the backgrounds substantially. The analysis results are combined with those obtained using additional decay channels. The measured cross section provides further constraint for the determination of the strange quark density, advancing the knowledge of the fundamental structure of the proton. The results are compared with predictions of next-to-leading-order QCD calculations obtained using various parton distribution function parameterisations. Additionally, the ratio of the strange-to-down sea-quark distributions is determined to be 0.96+0.26 0.30 at Q2 = 1.9 GeV2. This supports the hypothesis of a symmetric composition of light-quarks in the proton sea. The cross section ratio (W+ + c)= (W + c) is also determined and compared with different predictions for the asymmetry of the strange and anti-strange quark distribution functions.

This thesis presents studies of the single top t-channel in the electron plus jets mode. In order to understand this channel, an account of the present theoretical models is given. This work relies on collisions data from the ATLAS detector and its components are presented here. A summary of the work involving the SCT, part of the tracking system in ATLAS, is also explained here. Studies were performed to optimize the measurement of the Lorentz Angle of the holes in the Silicon for the initial data taking period. The data studied was acquired by ATLAS during 2011, with a total integrated luminosity of 4.7 pb−1 at a √s = 7 TeV. Monte Carlo simulation of signal and background events was also used throughout. Background studies were performed to correctly determine the expected amount of QCD via the Jet Electron data-driven method and of light or heavy flavour jets produced in association with a W boson, which is one of the dominant backgrounds for the t-channel. A cut based analysis was then applied to the data and simulation in order to better discriminate the t-channel signal. A binned likelihood fit to the invariant mass of the reconstructed top quark was performed and the cross section value for the t-channel process was calculated: σt−channel = 62.2±8.0(stat)+8.6 −8.8(syst) pb which is in good agreement with the theoretically predicted value. Finally, the response (preco T /ptrue T ) of light quark or gluon initiated jets is evaluated for both the t-channel and the Wt associated production, in order to determine the flavour composition uncertainty, as part of the framework that provides the jet energy scale uncertainties in a multiple jets environment. Other sources of system- atics are also reviewed.

Interação genótipo × ambiente (GEI) é uma questão extremamente importante no melhoramento genético de plantas e produção. A seleção e recomendação de genótipos superiores são dificultadas devido à ocorrência de GEI e representa um grande desafio para os pesquisadores. Nesse contexto, as análises biplot têm sido cada vez mais utilizadas na análise de dados agronômicos, em que os dados são representados por uma tabela de dupla entradas de médias de GEI. Entretanto, as particularidades existentes no gráfico biplot dificultam sua interpretação, podendo induzir o pesquisador a erros. Existem vários modelos na literatura para análise de DGE (dados de GEI), entre eles, os mais utilizados são os modelos AMMI (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction) e GGE biplot (Genotype main effects + Genotype environment interaction). O modelo AMMI é um método estatístico para compreender a estrutura de interações entre genótipos e ambientes, que combina a análise de variância e a análise de componentes principais, para ajustar, respectivamente, os efeitos principais (G e E) e os efeitos da GEI. O GGE Biplot agrupa o efeito aditivo de genótipo com o efeito multiplicativo da GEI, e submete estes à análise de componentes principais. Existem dois problemas na utilização destes modelos: i) só pode ser utilizado para analisar dados MET (multi-ambientes), que tenha uma única característica e ii) cujos ambientes são heterogêneos. O presente trabalho tem como objetivos propor novos modelos W-GGE biplot (Weighted Genotype main effects + Genotype environment interaction) e AMMI-ponderado para análise de dados multi-ambientes, além de fazer uma comparação entre os modelos existentes como AMMI e GGE biplot; análise de mega-ambiente; avaliação de genótipos, ambiente de teste dentro de cada mega-ambiente e compreender as causas da GEI. / Genotype × environment interaction (GEI) is an extremely important issue in plant breeding and production. The selection and recommendation of superior genotypes are hampered due to the occurrence of GEI and represents a major challenge for researchers. In this context, biplot analyzes have been increasingly used in analyzing agronomic data, in which data are represented by a table of two entries of means of GEI. However, the particularities in the biplot graphic hamper its interpretation, and could lead the researcher to errors. There are several models in the literature for DGE analysis (GEI data), among them, the most used are the AMMI model (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction Models) and GGE biplot (Genotype main effects + Genotype environment interaction). The AMMI model is a statistical method to understand the structure of interactions between genotypes and environments, combining the analysis of variance and principal component analysis, to adjust, respectively, the main effects (G and E) and the effects of GEI. The GGE Biplot groups genotype of additive effect with multiplicative effect of GEI, and submit these to the principal component analysis. There are two problems in using these models: i) can only be used to analyze MET data (multi-environments), which has a unique feature and ii) whose environments are heterogeneous. This paper aims to propose new W-GGE biplot models (Weighted Genotype main efffects + Genotype environment interaction) and AMMI-weighted multi-environments for data analysis, and make a comparison between the existing models as AMMI and GGE biplot; mega-environment analysis; genotype evaluation, test environment within each mega-environment and understand the causes of GEI.

Submitted by Rosangela Silva (rosangela.silva3@unioeste.br) on 2017-08-31T11:48:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 cristiane Persel.pdf: 966698 bytes, checksum: 3cd3bbc33fd85ffcfae5c88b9acbec25 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-31T11:48:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 cristiane Persel.pdf: 966698 bytes, checksum: 3cd3bbc33fd85ffcfae5c88b9acbec25 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Wickerhamomyces anomalus is mycocin-producing yeast, these substances are glycoproteins secreted by some yeasts and have antimicrobial action with broad spectrum of activity. Escherichia coli is the predominant bacterium of the coliform group, its presence in the water indicates fecal contamination, being used as indicator in microbiological analyzes of water. Although belonging to the human and animal microbiota can be pathogenic, causing various types of infections. The immobilization of cells and substances shows great potential of biotechnological application in several areas. In this way, this work aimed to evaluate the activity of free and immobilized mycocins, obtained from W. anomalus, against strains of E. coli and fecal coliforms. The broth microdilution method was used to evaluate the action of the free mycocins, in different dilutions, against 45 multiresistant strains of E. coli isolated from clinical samples. Mycocins were immobilized at different concentrations of sodium alginate and calcium chloride and tested for antimicrobial activity against E. coli strain ATCC25922 and fecal coliforms present in fecal contaminated water samples. The free mycocins were able to inhibit all the strains used in the broth microdilution, with 100% of the strains being inhibited by the pure used mycocins and, even when diluted, the mycocins showed an inhibitory action, the dilution of 1:2 inhibited 78.2% of the multiresistant strains of E. coli. The concentration of sodium alginate influenced the shape of the granules obtained in immobilization, a result not observed when the calcium chloride concentration varied. The mycocins immobilized with 2% sodium alginate and 0.2 mol/L CaCl2 showed better antimicrobial activity against E. coli strain ATCC25922. Fecal coliforms were inhibited by immobilized mycocins after 48h of incubation. In summary, in this study, mycocins were able to inhibit E. coli and coliforms present in samples of water contaminated with feces. Considering the problem of multiresistant strains of antibiotics and the need for new alternatives to improve water quality and sewage effluents, these results demonstrate a possible application as an alternative to antimicrobial agents. / Wickerhamomyces anomalus é uma levedura produtora de micocinas, estas substâncias são glicoproteínas secretadas por algumas leveduras e possuem ação antimicrobiana com amplo espectro de atividade. Escherichia coli é a bactéria predominante do grupo de coliformes, sua presença na água indica contaminação fecal, sendo utilizada como indicador em análises microbiológicas de água. Apesar de pertencer à microbiota humana e animal pode ser patogênica, causando diversos tipos de infecções. A imobilização de células e substâncias demonstra grande potencial de aplicação biotecnológica em diversas áreas. Desta maneira, este trabalho objetivou avaliar a atividade de micocinas livres e imobilizadas, obtidas de W. anomalus, frente às cepas de E. coli e coliformes fecais. Utilizou-se o método de microdiluição em caldo para avaliar a ação das micocinas livres, em diferentes diluições, frente a 45 cepas multirresistentes de E. coli isoladas de amostras clínicas. As micocinas foram imobilizadas em diferentes concentrações de alginato de sódio e cloreto de cálcio, e testadas para verificar a atividade antimicrobiana frente à cepa de E. coli ATCC25922 e coliformes fecais presentes em amostras de água contaminadas com fezes. As micocinas foram capazes de inibir todas as cepas utilizadas na microdiluição em caldo, sendo que 100% das cepas foram inibidas pelas micocinas utilizadas puras e, mesmo diluídas, as micocinas apresentaram ação inibitória, a diluição de 1:2 inibiu 78,2% das cepas de E. coli multirresistentes. A concentração de alginato de sódio influenciou no formato dos grânulos obtidos na imobilização, resultado não observado ao variar a concentração de cloreto de cálcio. As micocinas imobilizadas com alginato de sódio a 2% e CaCl2 0,2 mol/L apresentaram melhor atividade antimicrobiana frente à cepa de E. coli ATCC25922. Os coliformes fecais foram inibidos pelas micocinas imobilizadas após 48h de incubação. Em síntese, neste estudo, as micocinas foram hábeis em inibir E. coli e coliformes presentes em amostras de água contaminada com fezes. Considerando a problemática de cepas multirresistentes a antibióticos e a necessidade de novas alternativas para melhorar a qualidade da água e efluentes de esgoto, tais resultados demonstram uma possível aplicação como alternativa para agente antimicrobiano.

No description available.