Ein Wörterbuch der Synonyme in Modern Standard Arabic für deutschsprachige Benutzer ist noch ono der desidorata despito die importanco von Synonymen für den Unterricht Arabio und Übersetzung. Die Erstellung eines solchen Wörterbuchs erfordert eine solide theoretische Grundlage, die berücksichtigen muss berücksichtigt werden muss, dass das moderne Arabisch in den arabischen Ländern in zahlreichen regionalen Dialekten und Soziolekten gesprochen wird, die in ständiger Interaktion mit dem modernen Standardarabisch stehen. Arabisch stehen. / A dictionary of Synonyms in Modern Standard Arabic for German speaking users is still ono of the desidorata despito the importanco of Synonyms for teaching Arabio and translation. Compiling such a dictionary needs a solid theoretical foundation which has to tako into consideration that Modern Arabic is spoken in the Arab countries in numerous regional dialects and sociolects which are in permanont interaction with Modern Standard Arabic.

The paper describes a computer system for testing the coherence and adequacy of dictionaries. The system suits also well for retiieving lexical material in context from computerized text archives Results are presented from a series of tests made with Kamusi ya Kiswahlli Sanifu (KKS), a monolingual Swahili dictionary.. The test of the intemal coherence of KKS shows that the text itself contains several hundreds of such words, for which there is no entry in the dictionary. Examples and frequency numbers of the most often occurring words are given The adequacy of KKS was also tested with a corpus of nearly one million words, and it was found out that 1.32% of words in book texts were not recognized by KKS, and with newspaper texts the amount was 2.24% The higher number in newspaper texts is partly due to numerous names occurring in news articles Some statistical results are given on frequencies of wordforms not recognized by KKS The tests shows that although KKS covers the modern vocabulary quite well, there are several ru·eas where the dictionary should be improved The internal coherence is far from satisfactory, and there are more than a thousand such rather common words in prose text which rue not included into KKS The system described in this article is au effective tool for `detecting problems and for retrieving lexical data in context for missing words.

Der Sächsische Rechnungshof und die Regionale Rechnungskammer Krakau initiierten ihre Zusammenarbeit mit der Unterzeichnung einer entsprechenden Vereinbarung im Oktober 2008. Die bisherige Zusammenarbeit brachte zahlreiche Begegnungen, einen intensiven Erfahrungsaustausch, rege Teilnahme an Konferenzen und gemeinsamen Vorträgen. In dieser Zeit wurde diese Partnerschaft auch durch das Zusammenwirken in der europäischen Organisation der regionalen externen Institutionen zur Kontrolle des öffentlichen Finanzwesens (EURORAI) bekräftigt. Die vorliegende Publikation ist einerseits ein Produkt dieser Zusammenarbeit, andererseits ist sie aber auch – so die Absicht der Verfasser – ein brauchbares Instrument bei den Kontakten zwischen polnischen und deutschen, aber auch europäischen, regionalen Prüfungsbehörden. Redaktionsschluss: 22. April 2016

This collection summarizes the items on society, history and culture from Krapf’s famous dictionary which may be of some interest to today’s audience. The idea of arranging the sometimes idiosyncratic Swahili for modern use came up during preparations for the Krapf Workshop held on 11 September 2007 at Fort Jesus in Mombasa.1 The lemmas found in this first comprehensive Swahili dictionary were checked against Frederick Johnson’s Standard dictionary of 1939. In addition, the dictionary by Charles Sacleux of 1939 and the revised version of Krapf’s dictionary by Harry Kerr Binns (1925) served as sources of information. With the exception of those entries which Krapf had already marked with a question mark, all others were selected, which are not found in Johnson or which are described differently or in less depth than in Krapf\''s work.:1. Introduction 1 1.1 Krapf’s spelling conventions 2 2. The inventory 7 2.1 Society, law 8 2.2 References to stories and historical events 37 2.3 Language, pronunciation, etymologies, different use according to sexes 41 2.4 Religion, superstition 44 2.5 Attitudes towards neighbouring peoples 54 2.6 Geographical and ethnic terms 55 2.7 The body (body parts, diseases, body care) 62 2.8 Sickness, handicaps, medical treatment and medicine 67 2.9 Agriculture, food (plants, trees, products) 73 2.10 Animals 97 2.11 Season, times, environment 111 2.12 Material culture 117 2.13 Measures 141 2.14 Comparison of meanings 143 2.15 Critical statements and prejudices 151 3. Proverbs and songs quoted in Johann Ludwig Krapf’s Dictionary 153 3.1 Proverbs 153 3.2 Songs 158 4. Indices 165 4.1 Index Swahili – English 165 4.2 Index English – Swahili 189 Sources 203

Book review: In 2004 the long awaited second edition of the Standard Swahili - Swahili Dictionary, edited by the Insitute of Kiswahili Research (TUKI) at the University of Dar es Salaam, appeared. With this publication TUKI has once again confirmed its leading role in the field of Swahili lexicography in East Africa. it is up to date, containing new words and phrases which are in use in East Africa in order to cope with the development in science and technology, society, economics and globalization.

1 Abstract This paper aims at an empirical corpus driven analysis of a closed set of German comparative idioms with adjectives. Regularities in their variations are examined from several points of view. The contrastive German-Czech perspective contributes to a more objective understanding of the phenomenon itself. Corpus research results are integrated into the context of practical lexicography. The strategy of equivalence in a bilingual dictionary is discussed and reevaluated both theoretically and practically. Keywords: phraseology, comparisons, variability, lexicography, dictionary, corpus

In dieser Arbeit werden Artikel des Lexems Heimat aus bekannten einsprachigen deutschen Wörterbüchern unterschiedlichen Ausgabedatums (1877 bis 2017) auf Bedeutungsveränderungen untersucht. Als Referenzrahmen wurden die von Andrea Bastian 1995 in ihrem Buch „Der Heimat-Begriff“ entwickelten Bereiche Alltagsbereich (geografisches, soziales und emotionales Element) und die Verwendungsbereiche des Rechts, der Politik, der Naturwissenschaften und der Religion verwendet. Diese Verwendungsbereiche sind bereits 1877 nachweisbar. Ab 1969 wird Heimat in der ersten Teilbedeutung nicht nur mit dem geografischen sondern auch mit dem emotionalen Element des Alltagsbereichs beschrieben. Die zweite Teilbedeutung enthält den naturwissenschaftlichen Bereich. Die Bereiche des Rechts und der Politik werden in Verwendungsbeispielen dargestellt, wobei der Inhalt gesellschaftliche Änderungen spiegelt. Der religiöse Bereich ist bis 1969 vertreten, verschwindet 1977 bis 2006 und wird 2011 wieder aufgegriffen.

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The 6th National Book Fair in Nairobi, Kenya, in September 2003 saw a new publication in the field of Swahili literary studies that should draw the attention of Swahili scholars in and outside of East Africa: the first comprehensive literary dictionary in Swahili language. Kyallo Wadi Wamitila, who is currently Senior Lecturer for Swahili Literature and Literary Theory at the University of Nairobi, has committed more than a decade of meticulous research to compile this major work. It comprises roughly 1.300 entries, arranged alphabetically, ranging from adhidadi (antonym) to muhakati (mimesis), tashtiti (satire) and zila (tragic flaw).

Das Lexikon umfasst 500 Artikel von 78 Autoren sowie 327 Illustrationen, davon 222 in Farbe.