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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Femtosekundenspektroskopie zur Wellenpaketdynamik in Alkalidimeren und

Rutz, Soeren, Luebeck 06 November 2000 (has links)
No description available.
2

Phonon wave-packet dynamics at modelled grain boundaries / モデル粒界におけるフォノンの波束ダイナミクス / # ja-Kana

Kuijpers, Stephan Robert 25 September 2018 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第21369号 / 工博第4528号 / 新制||工||1705(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科材料工学専攻 / (主査)教授 田中 功, 教授 中村 裕之, 教授 安田 秀幸 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM
3

Numerical simulation of the dynamics of a trapped molecular ion

Hashemloo, Avazeh January 2016 (has links)
This thesis explores the dynamics of a heteronuclear diatomic molecular ion, possessing a permanent electric dipole moment, µ, which is trapped in a linear Paul trap and can interact with an off-resonance laser field. To build our model we use the rigid-rotor approximation, where the dynamics of the molecular ion are limited to its translational and rotational motions of the center-of-mass. These dynamics are investigated by carrying out suitable numerical calculations. To introduce our numerical methods, we divide our research topic into two different subjects. First, we ignore the rotational dynamics of the ion by assuming µ = 0. By this assumption, the system resembles an atomic ion, which mainly exhibits translational motion for its center of the mass when exposed to an external trapping field. To study this translational behavior, we implement full-quantum numerical simulations, in which a wave function is attributed to the ion. Finally, we study the quantum dynamics of the mentioned wave packet and we compare our results with those obtained classically. In the latter case, we keep the permanent dipole moment of the ion and we study the probable effects of the interaction between the dipole moment and the trapping electric field, on both the translational and the rotational dynamics of the trapped molecular ion. In order to study these dynamics, we implement both classical and semi-classical numerical simulations. In the classical method, the rotational and the translational motions of the center of mass of the ion are obtained via classical equations of motion. On the other hand, in the semi-classical method, while the translational motion of the center-of-mass is still obtained classically, the rotation is treated full-quantum mechanically by considering the rotational wave function of the ion. In the semi-classical approach, we mainly study the probable couplings between the rotational states of the molecular ion, due to the interaction of the permanent dipole moment with the trapping electric field. In the end, we also present a semi-classical model, where the trapped molecular ion interacts with an off-resonance laser field.
4

Vibrational relaxation and dephasing of Rb2 attached to helium nanodroplets

Grüner, Barbara, Schlesinger, Martin, Heister, Philipp, Strunz, Walter T., Stienkemeier , Frank, Mudrich, Marcel 02 April 2014 (has links) (PDF)
The vibrational wave-packet dynamics of diatomic rubidium molecules (Rb2) in triplet states formed on the surface of superfluid helium nanodroplets is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Detailed comparison of experimental femtosecond pump–probe spectra with dissipative quantum dynamics simulations reveals that vibrational relaxation is the main source of dephasing. The rate constant for vibrational relaxation in the first excited triplet state 13Σ+g is found to be constant γ ≈ 0.5 ns−1 for the lowest vibrational levels v [less, similar] 15 and to increase sharply when exciting to higher energies. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
5

Electronic and Photonic Properties of Metallic-Mean Quasiperiodic Systems

Thiem, Stefanie 24 February 2012 (has links) (PDF)
Understanding the connection of the atomic structure and the physical properties of materials remains one of the elementary questions of condensed-matter physics. One research line in this quest started with the discovery of quasicrystals by Shechtman et al. in 1982. It soon became clear that these materials with their 5-, 8-, 10- or 12-fold rotational symmetries, which are forbidden according to classical crystallography, can be described in terms of mathematical models for nonperiodic tilings of a plane proposed by Penrose and Ammann in the 1970s. Due to the missing translational symmetry of quasicrystals, till today only finite, relatively small systems or periodic approximants have been investigated by means of numerical calculations and theoretical results have mainly been obtained for one-dimensional systems. In this thesis we study d-dimensional quasiperiodic models, so-called labyrinth tilings, with separable Hamiltonians in the tight-binding approach. This method paves the way to study higher-dimensional, quantum mechanical solutions, which can be directly derived from the one-dimensional results. This allows the investigation of very large systems in two and three dimensions with up to 10^10 sites. In particular, we contemplate the class of metallic-mean sequences. Based on this model we focus on the electronic properties of quasicrystals with a special interest on the connection of the spectral and dynamical properties of the Hamiltonian. Hence, we investigate the characteristics of the eigenstates and wave functions and compare these with the wave-packet dynamics in the labyrinth tilings by numerical calculations and by a renormalization group approach in connection with perturbation theory. It turns out that many properties show a qualitatively similar behavior in different dimensions or are even independent of the dimension as e.g. the scaling behavior of the participation numbers and the mean square displacement of a wave packet. Further, we show that the structure of the labyrinth tilings and their transport properties are connected and obtain that certain moments of the spectral dimensions are related to the wave-packet dynamics. Besides this also the photonic properties are studied for one-dimensional quasiperiodic multilayer systems for oblique incidence of light, and we show that the characteristics of the transmission bands are related to the quasiperiodic structure. / Eine der elementaren Fragen der Physik kondensierter Materie beschäftigt sich mit dem Zusammenhang zwischen der atomaren Struktur und den physikalischen Eigenschaften von Materialien. Eine Forschungslinie in diesem Kontext begann mit der Entdeckung der Quasikristalle durch Shechtman et al. 1982. Es stellte sich bald heraus, dass diese Materialien mit ihren laut der klassischen Kristallographie verbotenen 5-, 8-, 10- oder 12-zähligen Rotationssymmetrien durch mathematische Modelle für die aperiodische Pflasterung der Ebene beschrieben werden können, die durch Penrose und Ammann in den 1970er Jahren vorgeschlagen wurden. Aufgrund der fehlenden Translationssymmetrie in Quasikristallen sind bis heute nur endliche, relativ kleine Systeme oder periodische Approximanten durch numerische Berechnungen untersucht worden und theoretische Ergebnisse wurden hauptsächlich für eindimensionale Systeme gewonnen. In dieser Arbeit werden d-dimensionale quasiperiodische Modelle, sogenannte Labyrinth-Pflasterungen, mit separablem Hamilton-Operator im Modell starker Bindung betrachtet. Diese Methode erlaubt es, quantenmechanische Lösungen in höheren Dimensionen direkt aus den eindimensionalen Ergebnissen abzuleiten und ermöglicht somit die Untersuchung von sehr großen Systemen in zwei und drei Dimensionen mit bis zu 10^10 Gitterpunkten. Insbesondere betrachten wir dabei quasiperiodische Folgen mit metallischem Schnitt. Basierend auf diesem Modell befassen wir uns im Speziellen mit den elektronischen Eigenschaften der Quasikristalle im Hinblick auf die Verbindung der spektralen und dynamischen Eigenschaften des Hamilton-Operators. Hierfür untersuchen wir die Eigenschaften der Eigenzustände und Wellenfunktionen und vergleichen diese mit der Dynamik von Wellenpaketen in den Labyrinth-Pflasterungen basierend auf numerischen Berechnungen und einem Renormierungsgruppen-Ansatz in Verbindung mit Störungstheorie. Dabei stellt sich heraus, dass viele Eigenschaften wie etwa das Skalenverhalten der Partizipationszahlen und der mittleren quadratischen Abweichung eines Wellenpakets für verschiedene Dimensionen ein qualitativ gleiches Verhalten zeigen oder sogar unabhängig von der Dimension sind. Zudem zeigen wir, dass die Struktur der Labyrinth-Pflasterungen und deren Transporteigenschaften sowie bestimmte Momente der spektralen Dimensionen und die Dynamik der Wellenpakete in Beziehung zueinander stehen. Darüber hinaus werden auch die photonischen Eigenschaften für eindimensionale quasiperiodische Mehrschichtsysteme für beliebige Einfallswinkel untersucht und der Verlauf der Transmissionsbänder mit der quasiperiodischen Struktur in Zusammenhang gebracht.
6

Spatial Dynamics of Wave Packets in Semiconductor Heterostructures / Räumliche Wellenpaketdynamik in Halbleiterheterostrukturen

Meinhold, Dirk 11 June 2005 (has links) (PDF)
This thesis presents the first study of the damping of a Bloch oscillating wave packet by Zener tunneling to above-barrier states [1]. We investigate the time evolution of an below-barrier subband Wannier-Stark wave packet in a strongly coupled GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice (SL) with shallow quantum well barriers by optical interband spectroscopy. We use a sub-100 fs homodyne pump-probe technique which is sensitive to the intraband polarization. The presented experimental data unambiguously show an electric field-dependent continuous decrease of the intraband coherence time. Besides the continuous field-induced damping of the intraband polarization, we observe the signature of resonant Zener tunneling of a Bloch oscillating wave packet between discrete states belonging to below and above-barrier bands. This coupling manifests itself as a revival of the intraband polarization [2]. The experiment is modelled in two aspects. First, in a 1D single-particle calculation the wave functions the BO wave packet is composed of are derived. Here, the inter-subband dynamics are found to be given by the energetic splitting between nearly-degenerate below and above-barrier states. The wave packet tunnels from the below-barrier band to the above-barrier band while remaining coherently oscillating. At this time, it is spatially spread over more than 100 nm...
7

Spatial Dynamics of Wave Packets in Semiconductor Heterostructures

Meinhold, Dirk 13 May 2005 (has links)
This thesis presents the first study of the damping of a Bloch oscillating wave packet by Zener tunneling to above-barrier states [1]. We investigate the time evolution of an below-barrier subband Wannier-Stark wave packet in a strongly coupled GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice (SL) with shallow quantum well barriers by optical interband spectroscopy. We use a sub-100 fs homodyne pump-probe technique which is sensitive to the intraband polarization. The presented experimental data unambiguously show an electric field-dependent continuous decrease of the intraband coherence time. Besides the continuous field-induced damping of the intraband polarization, we observe the signature of resonant Zener tunneling of a Bloch oscillating wave packet between discrete states belonging to below and above-barrier bands. This coupling manifests itself as a revival of the intraband polarization [2]. The experiment is modelled in two aspects. First, in a 1D single-particle calculation the wave functions the BO wave packet is composed of are derived. Here, the inter-subband dynamics are found to be given by the energetic splitting between nearly-degenerate below and above-barrier states. The wave packet tunnels from the below-barrier band to the above-barrier band while remaining coherently oscillating. At this time, it is spatially spread over more than 100 nm...
8

Electronic and Photonic Properties of Metallic-Mean Quasiperiodic Systems

Thiem, Stefanie 24 January 2012 (has links)
Understanding the connection of the atomic structure and the physical properties of materials remains one of the elementary questions of condensed-matter physics. One research line in this quest started with the discovery of quasicrystals by Shechtman et al. in 1982. It soon became clear that these materials with their 5-, 8-, 10- or 12-fold rotational symmetries, which are forbidden according to classical crystallography, can be described in terms of mathematical models for nonperiodic tilings of a plane proposed by Penrose and Ammann in the 1970s. Due to the missing translational symmetry of quasicrystals, till today only finite, relatively small systems or periodic approximants have been investigated by means of numerical calculations and theoretical results have mainly been obtained for one-dimensional systems. In this thesis we study d-dimensional quasiperiodic models, so-called labyrinth tilings, with separable Hamiltonians in the tight-binding approach. This method paves the way to study higher-dimensional, quantum mechanical solutions, which can be directly derived from the one-dimensional results. This allows the investigation of very large systems in two and three dimensions with up to 10^10 sites. In particular, we contemplate the class of metallic-mean sequences. Based on this model we focus on the electronic properties of quasicrystals with a special interest on the connection of the spectral and dynamical properties of the Hamiltonian. Hence, we investigate the characteristics of the eigenstates and wave functions and compare these with the wave-packet dynamics in the labyrinth tilings by numerical calculations and by a renormalization group approach in connection with perturbation theory. It turns out that many properties show a qualitatively similar behavior in different dimensions or are even independent of the dimension as e.g. the scaling behavior of the participation numbers and the mean square displacement of a wave packet. Further, we show that the structure of the labyrinth tilings and their transport properties are connected and obtain that certain moments of the spectral dimensions are related to the wave-packet dynamics. Besides this also the photonic properties are studied for one-dimensional quasiperiodic multilayer systems for oblique incidence of light, and we show that the characteristics of the transmission bands are related to the quasiperiodic structure. / Eine der elementaren Fragen der Physik kondensierter Materie beschäftigt sich mit dem Zusammenhang zwischen der atomaren Struktur und den physikalischen Eigenschaften von Materialien. Eine Forschungslinie in diesem Kontext begann mit der Entdeckung der Quasikristalle durch Shechtman et al. 1982. Es stellte sich bald heraus, dass diese Materialien mit ihren laut der klassischen Kristallographie verbotenen 5-, 8-, 10- oder 12-zähligen Rotationssymmetrien durch mathematische Modelle für die aperiodische Pflasterung der Ebene beschrieben werden können, die durch Penrose und Ammann in den 1970er Jahren vorgeschlagen wurden. Aufgrund der fehlenden Translationssymmetrie in Quasikristallen sind bis heute nur endliche, relativ kleine Systeme oder periodische Approximanten durch numerische Berechnungen untersucht worden und theoretische Ergebnisse wurden hauptsächlich für eindimensionale Systeme gewonnen. In dieser Arbeit werden d-dimensionale quasiperiodische Modelle, sogenannte Labyrinth-Pflasterungen, mit separablem Hamilton-Operator im Modell starker Bindung betrachtet. Diese Methode erlaubt es, quantenmechanische Lösungen in höheren Dimensionen direkt aus den eindimensionalen Ergebnissen abzuleiten und ermöglicht somit die Untersuchung von sehr großen Systemen in zwei und drei Dimensionen mit bis zu 10^10 Gitterpunkten. Insbesondere betrachten wir dabei quasiperiodische Folgen mit metallischem Schnitt. Basierend auf diesem Modell befassen wir uns im Speziellen mit den elektronischen Eigenschaften der Quasikristalle im Hinblick auf die Verbindung der spektralen und dynamischen Eigenschaften des Hamilton-Operators. Hierfür untersuchen wir die Eigenschaften der Eigenzustände und Wellenfunktionen und vergleichen diese mit der Dynamik von Wellenpaketen in den Labyrinth-Pflasterungen basierend auf numerischen Berechnungen und einem Renormierungsgruppen-Ansatz in Verbindung mit Störungstheorie. Dabei stellt sich heraus, dass viele Eigenschaften wie etwa das Skalenverhalten der Partizipationszahlen und der mittleren quadratischen Abweichung eines Wellenpakets für verschiedene Dimensionen ein qualitativ gleiches Verhalten zeigen oder sogar unabhängig von der Dimension sind. Zudem zeigen wir, dass die Struktur der Labyrinth-Pflasterungen und deren Transporteigenschaften sowie bestimmte Momente der spektralen Dimensionen und die Dynamik der Wellenpakete in Beziehung zueinander stehen. Darüber hinaus werden auch die photonischen Eigenschaften für eindimensionale quasiperiodische Mehrschichtsysteme für beliebige Einfallswinkel untersucht und der Verlauf der Transmissionsbänder mit der quasiperiodischen Struktur in Zusammenhang gebracht.
9

Vibrational relaxation and dephasing of Rb2 attached to helium nanodroplets

Grüner, Barbara, Schlesinger, Martin, Heister, Philipp, Strunz, Walter T., Stienkemeier, Frank, Mudrich, Marcel January 2011 (has links)
The vibrational wave-packet dynamics of diatomic rubidium molecules (Rb2) in triplet states formed on the surface of superfluid helium nanodroplets is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Detailed comparison of experimental femtosecond pump–probe spectra with dissipative quantum dynamics simulations reveals that vibrational relaxation is the main source of dephasing. The rate constant for vibrational relaxation in the first excited triplet state 13Σ+g is found to be constant γ ≈ 0.5 ns−1 for the lowest vibrational levels v [less, similar] 15 and to increase sharply when exciting to higher energies. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

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